专八翻译技巧(00002)

专八翻译技巧

翻译是专八最让人头疼的问题，有些句子用中文都无法理解，特别是涉及到中国博大精深的文化，让我们一起来看看这样的翻译有哪些技巧可以掌握。

翻译长句时首先要仔细阅读长句，理解主从句的关系，并联系上下文，弄懂全句的意思，然后用通顺的英语表达出来。

(1) 顺序法

如果英语长句的时间顺序、逻辑顺序以及名词性从句与汉语句子基本相似，则可按原文顺序译。

President George Bush has rejected the treaty, calling it unfair in allowing developing countries – such as China, India and Brazil—to carry on emitting

greenhouse gases unabated while rich countries must cut theirs.

(布什总统已拒绝签署该条约，称该条约不公平，因为它允许诸如中国、印度和巴西等发展中国家继续不受限制地排放温室气体，而发达国家却必须减少它们的排放量。)

(2) 逆序法

“Neither believe nor reject anything, because any other person has rejected or believed it …”

(“不要因为别的人相信或拒绝了什么东西，你也就去相信或拒绝它……”)

Yesterday, Iraqis got a glimpse of what life without Saddam Hussein may hold, as protests and politicking marked the first day of meetings to decide the country’s fate.

(昨天是伊拉克召开决定国家命运的会议的第一天，各种抗议和其它政治活动令人瞩目，让伊拉克人初次瞥见了没有萨达姆的生活会是什么样子。)

(3) 分译法

我们可以在翻译中将英语长句中一连串后置修饰语与其修饰成分分开来译，将短语或从句分拆译为短句。

勤于积累，满腔热情投入到工作中，就一定会在翻译事业中有所成就。

一、语法

一提到语法，很多的英语初学者就一个头八个大。究其原因，本身汉语的思维和英语的思维有很大的差异，西方人的思维方式和东方人思维方式亦不同，我们中国人比较侧重综合思维、形象思维，其思维方式属螺旋形，比较注重事物发展的过程和方式，而西方人偏重分析思维和逻辑思维，他们的思维方式属线性思维，注重因果效应，多考虑事物发展的结局和后果，其语言模式偏重事件发生的先后顺序，并依此组织设计段落情节，文章篇章结构层次感、独立性强。例如，英语文章中大量使用诸如and, but, or, so, if, when, while等连接词语使文路清晰明了;而中文句子之间不象英文篇章有那么多连词，是靠语义的自然衔接、前后连贯、上下呼应来表达一个完整的意思。有时中国人做文章还常讲究"不言而喻"，叫西方人摸不着头脑。如果我们按照中文思维组织句子，又不会熟练地使用这些连接词，让英美人读起来势必会有信息梗塞感，觉得生搬硬套、模糊不清。其实我们学英语文法感到吃力，老外学我们的中文文法更难，不是说中文是世界上最难的语言吗?所以我们要相信我们中文那么难的文法都能运用自如，更何况英文呢，只需要掌握英文文法规则，并加强理解，灵活运用，一定能熟能生巧。

二、单词

对于单词的学习，许多人都一直处于“背了忘，忘了背，背了继续忘”这样的循环中。有些人放弃，有些人坚持。坚持下来的人无疑是最后成功的。按照记忆专家艾宾浩斯(下图是著名的艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线)的说法“多记多忘多留下，少记少忘少留下”，只要是背了就一定能记得一些，这样日积月累，一定能背完计划的单词，而且给自己定的每天计划单词量不能太少，如果每天记10个对你自己小菜一碟，那完全可以再加10个，如果还觉得有余力，还可以把计划定更高一些，虽然说要量力而行，但按艾宾浩斯的理论，如果是对于初高考学子来说，每天背诵100个单词是必须的，就算有难度也要尽力而为，坚持不懈。

德国有一位著名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯(Hermann Ebbinghaus，185-1909)，他在1885年发表了他的实验报告，首先，实验者记忆100个生单词。

然后，艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲线，这就是非常有名的揭示遗忘规律的曲线：艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线，图中竖轴表示学习中记住的知识数量，横轴表示时间(天数)，曲线表示记忆量变化的规律。

这条曲线告诉人们在学习中的遗忘是有规律的，遗忘的进程很快，并且先快后慢。观察曲线，你会发现,学得的知识在1天后，如不抓紧复习，就只剩下原来的25%。随着时间的推移，遗忘的速度减慢，遗忘的数量也就减少。

按记忆周期复习单词：

1.第一个记忆周期：5分钟

2.第二个记忆周期：30分钟

3.第三个记忆周期：12小时

4.第四个记忆周期：1天

5.第五个记忆周期：2天

6.第六个记忆周期：4天

7.第七个记忆周期：7天

8.第八个记忆周期：15天

专八翻译题的高效破题方法

专八翻译题的高效破题方法 一、确立主干 （1）确立主语 1、避免主语机械对应 这个地区雨比较多。 It rains a lot in this area. 2、方位词或时间词在主语位置 山下住着一位老妇人。 There lives an old lady at the foot of the mountain. 3、用it做主语翻译主语是复合结构的汉语 信不信是你的事。

It is your concern whether you believe me or not. 最好是等他们回来。 It is advisable to wait till they come back. 勤能补拙 It is diligence that makes for deficiency. （2）确立谓语：英语的动词通常只能由某个动词或者系表结构担任。 在人际关系上我们不要太浪漫主义。 We shouldn't be too romantic about personal relationship. 当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。

As long as he is living, he always work and study as hard as possible, unwilling to dream his life away, let alone waste even a single moment of life. 二、语序调整 (1)定语的位置：英语中，单词充当定语时多为前置，短语和从句充当定语时多为后置。 钓鱼是一项能陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。Fishing is an outdoor sport that can cultivate your mind and it is good for your mental and physical health. (2)状语的位置 他是1970年5月20日在北京朝阳区出生的。

英语专业八级翻译练习题英译汉

英语专业八级翻译练习题（一） The Rewards of Living a Solitary Life The other day an acquaintance of mine, a gregarious and charming man, told me he had found himself unexpectedly alone in New York for an hour or two between appointments. He went to the Whitney and spent the "empty" time looking at things in solitary bliss. For him it proved to be a shock nearly as great as falling in love to discover that he could enjoy himself so much alone. 参考译文： 独自生活的报偿 前些日子，我的一个熟人，一位热爱交际并很受欢迎的男士告诉我，他在纽约的两个约会之间偶然有一两个小时的空闲，他便去了惠特尼博物馆，四处浏览着展品，无比幸福的度过了那些时光。发现自已独自一人，也能如此的幸福，他感觉像坠入爱河那般震惊。 英语专业八级翻译练习题（二） What had he been afraid of, I asked myself? That, suddenly alone, he would discover that he bored himself, or that there was, quite simply, no self there to meet? But having taken the plunge, he is now on the brink of adventure; he is about to be launched into his own inner space to the astronaut. His every perception will come to him with a new freshness and, for a time, seem startlingly original. 参考译文： “他一直在害怕什么呢？”，我问自已。怕突然一个人呆着会发现自已厌烦自己，或者怕会失去自我？但是有了这次偿试，他便要开始探险了。他就要发射到自已心的宇宙之中。他的所见所感对他来说将会是全新的，一度会新颖的让人惊奇。 英语专业八级翻译练习题（三） For anyone who can see things for himself with a naked eye becomes, for a moment or two, something of a genius. With another human being present vision becomes double vision, inevitably. We are busy wondering, what does my companion see or think of this, and what do I think of it? The original impact gets lost, or diffused 参考译文： 因此每个能用肉眼观看事物的人，一时之间便成为天才。身边有别人存在，一个看法便不可避免地变成了双重看法。我们急于知道周边人的看法，以及我对它是怎么看的？” 最初的印像消失了，或者变得模糊不清。 英语专业八级翻译练习题（四）

专八翻译笔记

专八翻译笔记 武汉新东方刘畅? Be strong and of good courage; do not be afraid, nor be dismayed, for the Lord your God is with you wherever you go. – Joshua 1:9 第一章综述 一、何谓翻译？ ? T —— tell ? R —— reader ? A —— authentic ? N —— native ? S —— smooth ? L —— language ? A —— and ? T —— touch upon ? E —— essence ? 英语的翻译“translation”是由trans-和-late构成。翻译是指两种语言的信息转换，即甲方说的意思换成乙方的语言表达。Steiner说：“翻译就是理解。”理解的对象就是原文的意义，理解原文的意义是达到翻译标准“忠实、通顺”的前一项（忠实）的前提，“通顺”只是表达阶段的事。不论是什么翻译，意义为先，形式为次。因此，可以说，理解为先，表达为次。 ? 二、大纲要求 ? 1、教学大纲 ? 能运用翻译的理论和技巧，将英美报刊上的文章以及文学原著译成汉语，或将我国报刊、杂志上的文章和一般文学作品译成英语，速度为每小时250~300个英文单词。英文要求忠实原意，语言流畅。能担任一般外事活动的口译。 ? 2、考试大纲 ? 汉译英项目要求应试者运用汉译英的理论和技巧，翻译我国报刊杂志上的论述文和国情介绍，以及一般文学作品的节录。速度为每小时250~300汉字。译文必须忠实原意，语言通顺。 ? 英译汉项目要求应试者运用英译汉的理论和技巧，翻译英美报刊杂志上有关政治、经济、历史、文化等方面的论述文以及文学原著的节录。速度为每小时约250~300词。译文要求忠实原意，语言流畅。 ? 三、试题特点 – 1、文体： ? 汉译英：记叙、介绍、散文、论说 ? 英译汉：散文、论说、评论、演讲 – 2、语域： ? 人文历史，无科技翻译 – 3、内容：无专门学术领域知识 ? 注意： ? 1、各年的翻译选段都是较正式的语体，未见不正式的讽刺性杂文，也未见不正式的小说对话。即使涉及文学，也是作家的作品或思想介绍。 ? 2、为了帮助考生更好地理解待翻译的篇段，一般都提供较多的上下文。但考生务必只翻译划线部分。

英汉互译技巧

韩刚B2A“译点通”笔译独家秘笈之：汉译英十大技巧 一、中文结构“三步走”。主要是指涉及政府外宣类题材的句子结构划分技巧。所谓“三步走”，具体是指：中文长句中，第一步给出理念、指导方针或原则，第二步具体阐述在这种方针原则的指导下都做了什么或者要做什么，第三步给出结果或者要实现的目标。在具体行文时，可以按照“每一步”信息的多少进行“逐步”切句或者灵活整合。有了“三步走”原则，长句一点儿都不可怕！这一汉英句式逻辑分析技巧在实操训练中非常实用也极易掌握！详见各循环相关实例分析。 二、“孰轻孰重”要分明。主要是指中英句子结构差异：中文结构“前轻后重”，中文结构事实、背景在前，表态、判断、结论在后，英文恰恰相反，是“前重后轻”。结构差异了然于胸，“表态判断为主，事实背景为从”，在翻译时有了这样一个主从句框架搭建原则，逻辑一目了然，译文自然“行云流水”！详见各循环相关实例分析。 三、结构搭建“三剑客”。主要是指汉译英时结构搭建常用的三个功能词或形式，即as, ing, with。译文结构好不好，它们说了算！可以不夸张地说，谁尽早熟练掌握了这三个功能词或形式，谁就能尽早步入汉英翻译的殿堂！详见各循环相关实例分析。 四、同义重复“并译”行。主要是指中文具有前后呼应、信息重叠的特点，经常使用四字甚至八字表达同一意思，英译时必须压缩合并减译，提取核心意思，力求简洁、流畅，如：骄傲与自豪，千山万水，你中有我、我中有你，等等。中文还有一个典型特点，即“双动词现象”，如：调整和优化，提高和加强，保障和改善民生，加强和完善。以“调整和优化”为例，这两个词在具体上下文中往往属于同义动词，调整的目的就是优化，而优化就是一种调整，直接取同义翻译即可。详见各循环相关实例分析。 五、“千变万化”增张力。主要是指中英翻译要“千变万化”，“同义发散”，选取不同角度对同一内容进行诠释，使用同义词进行替换等等，以此来凸显英文语言的多变性。这与平时大家学习英文写作的要求完全一致，即，同义词替换多多益善！要从写作的高度看翻译！详见各循环相关实例分析。 六、具体、概括“不相容”。主要是指汉英翻译的原则之一“舍宏观概括、取微观具体”。中文里往往会在具体信息后添加概括信息，如：“以人为本”的理念、“先到先得”的韩刚B2A“译点通”: 90天攻克CATTI三级笔译6

历年专八翻译真题

历年专八英译汉翻译真题 1995 I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life? For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self? I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.” Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are,sadly,more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us. 对我的几个儿子来说，乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜，垂钓来的鱼，邻里菜园和果园里可供分享的丰盛瓜果。乡下有不用付报酬便可请来照看孩子的邻居，作为回报，我儿媳也帮着照看其孩子。乡邻之间互相交换技能和劳动。但比之更重要的是，你如何来衡量那静谧与安详？如何来衡量自我价值呢？ 我无意将小地方的生活理想化。因为有时外面的世界会无情地侵入：比如汽油价格上涨，开发商把眼睛盯住尚未开发的农田；那里充斥着凶残和偏狭，大城市的种种卑劣行径，小地方也一应俱全。不仅如此，当人们无法自欺欺人地硬把那些丑恶现象想象成只是小地方的一小部分或将它们解释为异乡人的为所欲为，而又不得不承认这一切是我们的一部分时，就更难以忽视它们。 1996 It should have been easy. They were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even longer ties to the Republican party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country. The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation’s economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for a top-flight staff, travel, and television commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills. Reagan has succeed more than any president since John F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America – a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government. 这应该不是件难事。这都是些跟着里根多年、久经沙场的老将，他们跟共和党则有更深厚的渊源，是这个国家里最熟悉总统政治的人。竞选的背景也很有利，也很多好消息可供炒作。例如，美国上下一片和平，美国经济这一竞选要素也在经过一段时间的衰退之后开始强劲反弹。此外，这次竞选本身得到了慷慨资助，因此有充裕的资用于组织一流的竞选班子、支付巡回演讲和电视广告的费用。而最重要的一点是，他们的候选人是罗纳德·里根，他可是位极具个人魅力和沟通技巧的总统。自约翰·F·肯尼迪总统以来，里根是最成功地勾勒出美国蓝图的总统：一个军事力量复兴、富有个人进取心、联邦政府得以精简的国家。

专八英译汉段落翻译完整版 中英文对照

My First Job When I reached the age of twelve I left the school for ever and got my first fulltime job, as a grocer’s boy. I spent my days carrying heavy loads, but I enjoyed it. It was only my capacity for hard work that saved me from early dismissal, for I could never stomach speaking to my “betters” with the deference my employer thought I should assume. But the limit was reached one Tuesday — my half holiday. On my way home on that day I used to carry a large basket of provisions to the home of my emplo yer’s sister-in-law. As her house was on my way home I never objected to this. On this particular Tuesday, however, just as we were putting the shutters up, a load of smoked hams was delivered at the shop. “Wait a minute,” said the boss, and he opened the load and took out a ham, which he started to bone and string up. I waited in growing impatience to get on my way, not for one minute but for a quite a considerable time. It was nearly half-past two when the boss finished. He then came to me with the ham, put it in the basket beside me, and instructed me to deliver it to a customer who had it on order. This meant going a long way out of my road home, so I looked up and said to the boss: “Do you know I finish at two on Tuesday?” I have never seen a man look m ore astonished than he did then. “What do you mean?” he gasped. I told him I meant that I would deliver the groceries as usual, but not the ham. He looked at me as if I were some unusual kind f insect and burst into a storm of abuse. But I stood firm. He gave me up as hopeless and tried new tactics. “Go out and get another boy,” he yelled at a shop-assistant. “Are you going to deliver them or not?” the boss turned to me and asked in a threatening tone. I repeated what I had said before. “Then, out of here,” he shouted. So I got out. This was the first time I had serious trouble with an employer.

(完整版)专八翻译6大翻译技巧整理

专八翻译6大翻译技巧整理 汉语和英语的表达习惯不同，常用的句子结构也不同，以下六点翻译技巧，或许能在专八翻译中对大家有所帮助。 一、确立主干 1、确立主语 （1）避免主语机械对应 这个地区雨比较多。 It rains a lot in this area. （2）方位词或时间词在主语位置 山下住着一位老妇人。 There lives an old lady at the foot of the mountain. （3）用it做主语翻译主语是复合结构的汉语 信不信是你的事。 It is your concern whether you believe me or not.

最好是等他们回来。 It is advisable to wait till they come back. 勤能补拙 It is diligence that makes for deficiency. 2、确立谓语：英语的动词通常只能由某个动词或者系表结构担任 在人际关系上我们不要太浪漫主义。 We shouldn't be too romantic about personal relationship. 当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。 As long as he is living, he always works and studies as hard as possible, unwilling to dream his life away, let alone waste even a single moment of life. 二、语序调整 1、定语的位置：英语中，单词充当定语时多为前置，短语和从句充当定语时多为后置。

英汉互译技巧

第五次课 I.应该没有考Change of voice 被动语态和主动语态的变化 Four situations when passive voice is used in English: 1.When the agent is not known or is not necessary to know 2.When emphasis is on the action or the object rather than on the agent 3.When the speaker is not willing to reveal the agent 4.When use of passive constructions can help link the sentence with its context 可以翻译成英语被动句的汉语句子包括（反之亦然）： 1．有标志的汉语被动句：“受、挨、遭、遭受、被、得到、给、叫、让、由、为……所、加以、予以、等等” 2．无标志的汉语被动句：形式主动，意义被动 3．部分无主句可以翻译成英语被动句 4．一些习惯用语可以翻译成英语被动句或It句型：“有人、人们、大家”作主语；“据说、据报道、据推测、据估计、据信、可以肯定、必须指出、有人主张、众所周知 等等” 他粗心大意，应当受到批评。不用被批评 He should be criticized for his carelessness. 这个问题必须在适当的时候予以处理。不用被处理被动语态在翻译的时候尽量不用被字 The problem must be dealt with at an appropriate time. 代表将由民主协商选举产生。 The representatives will be elected after democratic consultation. 艾滋病病毒只能通过血液或其他体液传播。 The AIDS virus is only transmitted by blood and other body fluids. 血债要用血来还。 Blood debts will have to be paid in blood. 到现在为止还没有得出结论。 So far no conclusion has been arrived at. 为这事已经拨了大笔款项。 A large sum of money has been put aside for that purpose. 可以有把握地说，会议会如期举行。 It may be safely said that the meeting will be held on schedule. 人们发现橡胶是很好的绝缘体。 Rubber is found to be a good insulating material. 据说人在弥留之际都要回顾他的一生，就像看一部电影，一切都历历在目。 It is said a dying person tends to recollect his whole life, like seeing a film. II.不考Positive and Negative ways of expressing an idea Negation in translation: 正说反译/反说正译法。为了使译文忠实而合乎语言习惯地传达原文的意思，有时必须把原文中的肯定说法变成译文中的否定说法，或把原文中的否定说法变成译文中的肯定说法。

近十年英语专业八级考试翻译原题及参考答案

2007年英语专业八级考试翻译原题及参考答案 C－E：暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际得颜色混合一起，分不清哪就是流云哪就是水湾。也就在这一幅绚烂得图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来,瞧一眼这美丽得黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间,在即将回家得最后一刻再次咀嚼。这就是黄河滩上得一幕。牧羊人不见了，她不知在何处歇息。只有这些美生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚得，像些胖娃娃.如果走近了,会发现它们那可爱得神情，洁白得牙齿，那丰富而单纯得表情。如果稍稍长久一点端详这张张面庞,还会生出无限得怜悯. Besidｅｔhis picｔure wiｔhｐrofusiｏｎｓoｆcｏｌors, a grｏｕｐof sheep aｒe lowing tｈeir headｓ，eａtiｎg ｂy the ｒiｖer banｋ、Hardlｙnoｎｅｏf them would ｓｐaｒeｓoｍeｔime tｏraiｓｅtheir eｙes toｈaveａglanｃｅａt the beａutｉｆｕｌdｕｓｋ、They arｅ，ｐerhaｐs,takinｇusｅof every mｉｎute tｏeｎjoy their lａst cheｗｂeｆore beｉng ｄrivｅn homｅ、Ｔhiｓiｓ a pｉctｕｒｅｏf ｔhe Ｙellow Riv ｅｒbaｎk, in wｈｉch the shepherd disapｐearｓ, aｎd no oｎe kｎowｓwhere he is rｅｓｔing himself、Oｎly thｅsheeｐ, however, as fｒee creａｔｕreｓ,aｒe ｊoyfｕlly ａpprｅciaｔiｎg the dusk、The ｅxuberａｎt waｔeｒplantｓhave nutritｅd tｈe sｈｅeｐ, maｋｉng tｈem grow as

(完整版)专八英译汉练习答案

（一）英译汉练习 1. The winds of November were like summer breezes to him, and his face glowed with the pleasant cold. His cheeks were flushed and his eyes glistened; his vitality was intense, shining out upon others with almost a material warmth. 十一月的寒风，对他就像夏天吹拂的凉风一样。舒适的冷空气使他容光焕发，两颊通红，两眼闪光。他生气勃勃，叫别人感到是一团炙手的火。（英语material warmth 字面意思是"物质的温暖"，这里具体译作"一团炙手的火"言明意清，让人一看就懂。） 2. It was morning, and the new sun sparkled gold across the ripples of gentle sea. The sea was wonderfully calm and now it was rich with all the color of the setting sun. In the sky already a solitary star twinkled. 清晨，初升的太阳照着平静的海面，微波荡漾，闪耀着金色的光芒。（英语the ripples of the gentle sea 译成汉语时在结构上作了调整，这样译文念起来意思清楚，行文漂亮。） 3. To appease their thirst its readers drank deeper than before, until they were seized with a kind of delirium. 为了解渴，读者比以前越饮越深，直到陷入了昏迷状态。这个句子的译文死抠原文形式，死抠字典释义，翻译腔严重，让人难以明白其意思，可改译为：读者为了满足自己的渴望，越读越想读，直到进入了如痴如醉的状态。所谓过分表达，就是指译文画蛇添足，增加了原文没有的东西；而欠表达则是省略或删节原文的内容。翻译时均应避免这类错误。 4. Early Reagan was a mirror image of early Carter. 里根上台时在做法上跟执政初期的卡特毫无二致。 （a mirror image 如直译为"镜子里的形象"，就让人感到非常别扭，远不如"毫无二致"自然。） 5. Up Broadway he turned, and halted at a glittering café, where are gathered together nightly the choicest products of the grapes, the silkworm and the protoplasm. 他拐到百老汇路上，在一家灯火辉煌的饭店前停下来，那里每晚汇集上好的美酒、华丽的衣服和有地位的人物。 6. Words are not themselves a reality but only representation of it, and the King's English, like the Anglo-French of the Normans, is a class representation of reality. 单词本身并不是客观物体，只不过是代表客观体而已；像日尔曼人的盎格鲁法语一样，标准英语也是一种代表客观体的语言。 （King's English 不能直译为"国王英语"，它是指标准英语，相当于汉语中的"普通话"。） 7. At 19 he had commenced one of those careers attractive and inexplicable to ordinary mortals for whom a single bankruptcy is good as a feast. 他19 岁时就已经走上了一条在普通人看来是极富吸引力而又不可理解的道路，普通人认为，只是一次破产就叫人够呛了。 (good as a feast 如直译为"像丰盛的宴席一样好",意思正好反了.直接释明其意"叫人够呛",地道通顺.) 8. Mr. Kingsley and his Red Brick boys will have to look to their laurels. 金斯利先生和他那些二流大学的学生们必须小心翼翼地保持已经取得的荣誉。 （Red Brick 又称Red Brick Universities，指英国除牛津、剑桥大学以外的其他地方性二流大学。因其建筑主要是红砖砌成，不象牛津、剑桥的建筑均为古色古香的石块所建成，故得此名。 9. I was extremely worried about her, but this was neither the place nor the time for a lecture or an argument. 我真替他万分担忧，但此时此地既不宜教训她一番，也不宜与她争论一通。英语中没有量词，汉译时就得根据汉语的表达习惯增加合适的量词 10. An individual human existence should be like a river-small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls.

2019年英语专八考试翻译技巧：转换法

2019年英语专八考试翻译技巧：转换法 英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存有着很大的差异，所以 在实行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。本文小编就为大家介绍英语专八翻译技巧：转换法，供各位考生 参考。 转换法：指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习 惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等实行转换。 具体的说，就是在词性方面，把名词转换为代词、形容词、动词;把 动词转换成名词、形容词、副词、介词;把形容词转换成副词和短语。 在句子成分方面，把主语变成状语、定语、宾语、表语;把谓语变成主语、定语、表语;把定语变成状语、主语;把宾语变成主语。在句型方面，把并列句变成复合句，把复合句变成并列句，把状语从句变成定 语从句。在语态方面，能够把主动语态变为被动语态。如： (1) 我们学院受教委和市政府的双重领导。 Our institute is co-administrated by the States Education Commission and the municipal government. (名词转动词) (2) Too much exposure to TV programs will do great harm to the eyesight of children. 孩子们看电视过多会大大地损坏视力。 (名词转动词) (3) 因为我们实行了改革开放政策，我国的综合国力有了明显的增强。 Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy，our comprehensive national strength has greatly improved. (动 词转名词) (4) I’m all for you opinion. 我完全赞成你的意见。(介词转动词)

2018英语专八翻译技巧

2018 英语专八翻译技巧 由于表达习惯不同，英文中常有省略主语的现象，在翻译成汉语时要把它们译出来。情况一般有以下几种： 以抽象名词作主语，而中文的表达习惯则需要把抽象变为具体; 英文中常常会为了避免重复而多用介词，中文则不怕重复，一个词会用上好几遍;英语中的复数名词译为汉语时，常常加入这些、各种、种种等，要视具体语境情况而定。 He did not give us satisfied answer; this made us angry. 他并没有给出我们满意的答复，这种态度使得我们非常生气。 There are solutions proposed to solve the public problem. 针对这一公共问题，大家提出了种种解决方案。 同理，需要增译谓语的情况也时有出现。英语中出现两个或多个相同谓语时，常常会省略，以使句子不那么赘余，而中文中则要译出来，使其表达更加地道。英文中的介词短语译为中文时往往要增译动词，而有些英语中的名词在译为中文时也要加入相应的动词，使其意义更加完整，表达更加明确。 We went to Xiamen this week, Shenzhen next week. 我们这周去厦门，下周去深圳。 After the party, he has got a very important speech. 参加完聚会后，他还要发表一个重要讲话。 2017 英语专八翻译技巧▶时间状语的翻译 1、时间状语常常可以直接翻译，一般译到主句前。 He came in while I was watching TV. 我在吃饭的时候他进来了。 They burst into tears suddenly when they heard the sad news.

英语翻译的十大方法

英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异，因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中，也可以运用于口译过程中，而且应该用得更加熟练，因为口译工作的特点决定了译员没有更多的时间进行思考。 一、增译法 指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多，而英语句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外，在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完整。总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。如： ①、What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何（增译主语和谓语） ②、If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊！（增译主句） ③、Indeed, the reverse is true. 实际情况恰好相反。（增译名词） ④、就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。 Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.（增译物主代词） ⑤、只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。 While the magistrates were free to burn down house, the common people were forbidden to light lamps. （增译连词） ⑥、这是我们两国人民的又一个共同点。 This is yet another common point between the people of our two countries.（增译介词） ⑦、在人权领域，中国反对以大欺小、以强凌弱。 In the field of human rights, China opposes the practice of the big oppressing the small and the strong bullying the weak.（增译暗含词语） ⑧、三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。 Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind.（增译注释性词语） 二、省译法 这是与增译法相对应的一种翻译方法，即删去不符合目标语思维习惯、语言习惯和表达方式的词，以避免译文累赘。增译法的例句反之即可。又如： ①、You will be staying in this hotel during your visit in Beijing. 你在北京访问期间就住在这家饭店里。（省译物主代词） ②、I hope you will enjoy your stay here.

英语专业8级翻译答案

综合练习（一） 一、英译汉 WASHINGTON(Reuters) - Know your way around a lock Then the CIA wants you: "The Central Intelligence Agency is seeking locksmiths to work with the best minds in the country while performing a mission critical to our nation," the CIA said in a recent job posting on its website, . Locksmiths, who in spy agency lingo are called technical operations officers, are needed for such tasks as to "familiarize non-technical people with technical capabilities; do hands-on work; and travel worldwide." Skill in making lock parts is an asset for prospective CIA lock-smiths. "Knowledge of electronic and manual safe lock servicing, electricity, and alarms is ideal. Knowing how to operate machinery to fabricate lock parts and tools will be beneficial," the CIA job posting said. 参考答案： 华盛顿(路透社)-你是否精通有关锁的技能如果精通,美国中央情报局正想要你呢。“中央情报局正在物色锁匠,他们将与美国精英一道执行对国家至关重要的任务，”中央情报局最近在其网站上贴的一则招聘通知上如是说道。 锁匠，用间谍机构的行话来说是技术性操作人员,需要他们做的是诸如“用他们的技能去教会外行人；做需要动手操作的工作；到世界各地去出差。” 拥有造锁技能是候选的中情局锁匠的资本。“熟悉电子及手动保险柜的维修、电路和警报系统的人是理想人选。熟悉如何操作机器来制造锁件和工具将有利于得到这份工作。”CIA 招聘通知写道。 汉译英 圣经在英语的发展过程中对英语的影响可谓深远。她不仅对英语的词汇的补充和习惯用语的形成功不可没，人们在日常交往中对其的引用更是无处不见。美国有位词汇学教授曾经说过，难以想象一个没有读过圣经的人能够学好英语。我们无意去讨论这位教授的话对错与否，但我们对圣经对于英语学习的作用却是肯定的。 参考答案： The Bible has played a very important role during the development of English. It has significant impact on the formation of the English vocabulary and English idioms. People quote the Bible almost everywhere during their daily work and life. An American lexicologist once said that it is hard to imagine one can learn English well without reading the Bible. We are not discussing whether what he said was true or not. However we are on the YES side about the Bible's contribution to the language. 综合练习（二） 一、英译汉 If people mean anything at all by the expression "untimely death", they must believe that some deaths run on a better schedule than others. Death in old age is rarely called untimely---a long life is thought to be a full one. But with the passing of a young person, one assumes that the best years lay ahead and the measure of that life was still to be taken. History denies this, of course. Among prominent summer deaths, one recalls those of Marilyn Monroe and James Deans, whose lives seemed equally brief and complete. Writers cannot bear the fact that poet John Keats died at 26, and only half playfully judge their own lives