2016年河南省中考英语试题分析

2016年河南省中考英语试题分析

各位领导，各位老师，大家好！很荣幸能有这样一个机会与各位英语教学方面的领导和专家一起交流探讨。接到鄢主任交给的这项任务以后，我真是压力山大。我想鄢主任把这么重大的任务交给我，或许是考虑到我跟在座的很多英语教师一样，近几年一直在从事九年级英语的一线教学，想让我从近几年河南省中招英语命题趋势方面向各位分析汇报一下2016年河南省中考英语试题特点，进而更好地促进17年的毕业班英语教学。下面我就谈谈我个人的一些粗浅的看法，不足之处还请各位领导，各位专家老师批评指正。河南省的中招英语试题，它的命题依据主要是：《英语课程标准》和《考试说明与检测》。而近几年的命题又呈现出以下几种趋势：“重视基础，强调能力，淡化语法，强调语境，突出语篇，注重语用，关注热点，透视实际”。而2016年的中考英语试题进一步体现了这些趋势。试卷准确把握中考考点，较全面地考查了学生对英语基础知识的掌握情况及语言综合应用能力，尽量避免了为考点而机械设题，力求将知识点的考查放在一定的真实语境中，体现了语境设计，语篇设计与生活实际的结合。但是从整个试卷和学生反应来看，试卷难度比往年有所加大，有一定的区分度和选拔功能。从具体的题型来说:

一、听力理解

2016年听力与往年相比，题材和内容方面都没有太大变化。听力部分难易适度，语速适中，内容清晰，要求也恰当，通过对学生调查，大部分学生反应比较容易。得分率也较高。17年备考时候，我们要提醒学生注意听力题型中的一些易错点并加强学生答题策略的培养。如：易错点方面

时间类（日期、钟点），包括直接型和计算型。

数字类（价钱、距离、年龄、数量等），包括直接型和计算型。

地点类包括直接型和含蓄型。

否定类此类对话或含有not, no, neither, nor，little等否定词，或有but, although等转折词，或由would rather,instead, too...to...结构及虚拟语气等表达，因此要特别注意。

人物类包括人物关系、人物身份两类。此类对话提供一个情节，能反映所涉及的人的关系或身份。

答题策略上

1.听力测试前先阅读试题及选项，阅读试题要抓住关键词：what,how,who,when,where……

2.根据试题及选项进行猜测，以便听时及时捕捉信息。

3.对数字类的应及时用笔记下，以防需要计算。

4.短文理解，要认真观察图片，预测会出现的词汇，听的过程中记录重要信息，提高做题准确率。

二、单项选择题

单选题是对学生进行语法的掌握情况和语境的理解能力方面的考查。“注重基础，突出语境”是今年中考英语单选的一个显著特点。从考点分布上看，以词法考查为主，辅之以句法的考查，同时，强调语境的的理解。具体分布如下：1，对词法的考查

从近8年来的考查情况看，单选题上有了一些固定的规律，如第一题考查冠词，最后一题考查宾语从句，再如，定语从句只考关系代词，而不涉及关系副词。知道了这些，我们就可以有针对性的备考训练。

纵观整个15道小题，无论是对词法的考查还是对句法的判断，所展现给考生的都是地道的语言和完美的句子结构。但从试题难度来看，比往年，难度有所加大。主要体现在今年单选选题灵活，考查了学生的综合运用能力。特别是单选22题，名词辨析；23题不定代词的用法；27题情态动词的用法；30题连词的用法；31题被动语态时态的用法；33题时态的用法。这些题目注重通过对话和上下文给考生创设完整、明确的情景，注意考查运用语言的能力，可以明确的看出“语境”在确定正确答案的作用。避免为语法而语法的试题，从而体现英语作为语言学科在语言的形式、意义和功能的统一。因此，在2017年的备考中应加大对单选的训练力度，同时，掌握扎实的语法知识，模拟情景对话逻辑能力是重中之重。

下面是近几年单选题的一些命题特点，呈现出来给大家复习作一些参考： 基础语法以单词、词组辨义为主。

语言交际性、真实性、实用性

紧跟时代脉搏，反映社会热点

考查中越来越淡化纯语法的考查，而更注重语言的运用能力，即语法的考查要放在语境中。

复习迎考的建议：

注重基础，避免复习中无谓地拔高要求。

避免题海战术，平时练习杜绝偏难怪，可把时间用在强化记单词和句子，把语法渗透在句子中掌握。

虚拟语气不考；

关系副词引导的定语从句不考；

现在进行时、现在完成时的被动语态不考；

三、完形填空

完型填空试题旨在考查学生综合运用语言知识的能力，今年的完形填空所选材料很好，读到最后，剧情反转，有向高考英语完形填空接轨的趋势。在场景化的故事情节中，讲述一个有趣的故事，文章长短适中，设空均匀，考点丰富。与近五年考查情况对比如图。2016年的完形填空既侧重动词（3个）、名词（3个）的考查又兼顾了形容词、连词、副词和序数词的考查。其中从第40题到45题，

对于文章上下文语境里细节的考察尤其精妙，是多年来难得一见的好题目。第44题，只需要看上一段即可得到答案的原词walk, 第45题，仅仅需要数次数就可得出答案。题目难度适中。但个别学生反映36和37题单词辨析易混淆，很可能失分。

对于17年完形填空题型的教学，我认为要着重通过专项练习，训练学生以语篇语境为线索，通过阅读理解进行语意辨析的逻辑推理，综合运用所学知识，深入语境，辨析词义，从而选择出正确答案。

三，阅读理解

今年的阅读体裁多变，信息量丰富，A篇讲述一个外科医生为了挽救一个危险中孩子强忍着刚失去儿子的悲痛去医院却遭到家长质疑的故事。故事感人，但部分学生认为理解起来较难。B篇阅读主要阐述了人们在一个陌生的地方容易睡不着的话题，具有极强的现实意义。该题型考察大家对事实细节的把握，对主旨大意的掌控，对重点句子的理解，和对特定单词在具体的环境下词义特殊性的推测。但由于是说明性的文体很多学生感觉翻译起来较难，因此选答案也较难，特别是53和54 题。C篇是一个表格，学生反映比较容易。D篇仍然是插句子，有学生感觉难，有学生感觉容易。

具体地说，今年英语阅读理解题凸显对考生如下能力的考查：

（1）注重对捕捉有效信息能力的考查

（2）注重对考生阅读中推理判断能力的考查

（3）注重对文章综合信息理解及主旨大意的考查

近几年阅读理解题的设题规律及2017年中招的预测，我做了几张幻灯片。由于内容较多，在这里我就不再一一读出了，会后我会把她传到鄢主任建立的那个中学英语教研群上去，有需要的老师可以参考一下。

备考的建议：学生要想在阅读理解题中取得好成绩，必须平时多阅读不同体裁，题材的文章，加大阅读量和词汇的记忆，并掌握一定的阅读技巧，培养整体阅读能力。同时，要学会根据上下文及语境猜测词性，词义；还要善于思考总结。

四，词语运用

词语运用试题主要考查学生对知识应用的熟练程度，对语言的迁移能力和对语言信息的综合处理能力，所涉及的知识面广，灵活性高。考查范围均为《英语课程标准》中所列的语法项目，既注重语法知识、习惯用语的考查，还强调篇章结构的理解。

16年的词语运用讲述了现实生活中人们沉迷于手机网络的话题，很契合日常生活，对于动词名词形容词副词人称代词的词性特点和词义考察是重点，此外还涉及到基础连词和介词的考点。

五，补全对话

补全对话试题是通过设置语言环境，把语言知识升华到语言技能，旨在通过书面形式来考查学生熟练、灵活运用英语交际的能力，具有较强的综合性。今年的话题为“参加派对”，试题所涉内容比较广泛，语言逻辑，开放性强，问句和答句的结合，考察了实际运用英语语言的能力，重点要学会根据场景提出问题和回答问题。现在屏幕上呈现的是近五年中考补全对话的对比情况。从表中看以看出

六，书面表达

今年的书面表达属于记叙文，The biggest personal change I’ve ever made 题目，要求均已明确写出, 意为我曾做出的最大的个人改变，贴近生活，让同学们有话可说，但学生想要写出高质量的作文也非易事。作文要采取适当的时态，语态，句式和词语，完整、准确地表达所要求的内容。我需要特意提到一点，慎用口语化的表达，书面就是正式的意思，尽量用正式标准的表达方式

以上就是我对于16年的中招英语试题做的一些总结分析。从近几年的趋势上看，我们2017年备考的时候应该着重注意下面几点。

一是重视基础，根据《考试说明》该掌握的单词短语一定记牢，该明白的语法一定要明晰，没有稳固的基础，何谈应用。二是淡化语法，像过去那样，一个语法项目讲几天甚至几个星期，现在已经非常不适合了。尤其是一些钻牛角尖的语法题，该舍弃的要舍弃掉。三是强调语境，多在具体语境当中训练单词短语和句法。尤其要多做阅读，对中招英语来说，得阅读者，得天下。同时要关注热点，对于当前时期的社会热点和网络流行中的英语，学生要多关注，多了解。

当然，这些只是我自己的一些个人的见解。肯定有很多不到甚至不对的地方。也欢迎各位领导和老师们批评指正。希望我们在接下来的这半年时间内，在教研室，在鄢主任的领导下，苦干加巧干，力争使2017年潢川中招英语成绩再上新的台阶。谢谢大家！

2014年北京中考英语试题

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