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部分倒装和完全倒装

部分倒装和完全倒装
部分倒装和完全倒装

部分倒装和完全倒装

1. 完全倒装

1) 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。

例如:In came the teacher and the class began. (老师走了进来,然后开始上课。)

2) there引出的完全倒装句:除了最常见的there be句型以外,there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等,一般都译成"有"的含义,构成完全倒装句。

例如:There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.(远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。)3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句:以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 开头,后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等,而主语又是名词时,构成完全倒装句。

例:Under that tree sits a beautiful girl.(那棵树下坐着一位美丽的姑娘。)

例:_________ from the tenth floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him.

A) Jumped down the burglar B) Down the burglar jumped

C) The burglar jumps down D) Down jumped the burglar

答案是D) Down jumped the burglar。因为地点状语Down位于句首应该用完全倒装,整个谓语动词应位于主语之前。C) The burglar jumps down虽然是自然语序,但时态错误,应该用和时间状语从句一致的过去时,而不是现在时。

注意:

1) 在here, there引出的倒装句中,当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句,但当主语是代词时,就要用部分倒装句。

例:Here comes the postman!(邮递员终于来了!注意实意谓语动词位于主语之前。)Here we are.(我们到了。注意系动词位于主语代词之后。)

2) 注意正语序和倒装语序的语气、意义是区别:

例:Here is the picture I love.(这正是我所喜爱的画。)

The picture I love is here.(我所喜爱的画在这里。)

3) 当主语是代词,谓语是系动词,表语是说明性的词、词组和定语从句时,可以使用完全倒装句,起强调作用。例:Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.(他真幸运,被一所名牌大学录取了。)

2. 部分倒装

1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。

例:_______ right now, she would get there on Sunday.

A) Would she leave B) if she leave C) were she to leave D) If she had left

结合选项,全句的意思是:“如果她立刻就走,她就能在星期天到达那里”。答案是C。

2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法:

例:Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.(小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。)例:In no country ______ Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.

A) better than B) more than C) other than D) rather than

本题是个倒装句,答案是C) other than。no other than意思是“正是、就是”;而rather than

的意思是“宁愿……而不……;而不是”。

3) 以否定副词开头并加状语的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely…… when, never, no sooner…… than, rarely, no more, nor nearly, not only等以及only。

例:Only under special circumstances _________ to take make-up tests.

A) are freshmen permitted C) permitted are freshmen

B) freshmen are permitted D) are permitted freshmen

全句的意思是:“一年级学生只有在特殊的情况下才可以允许补考。”本陈述句以only开始,后面接状语,应当用部分倒装句。所以答案是A) are freshmen permitted。如用自然语序,本题所在的句子就应该改写为:Freshmen are permitted to take make-up tests only under special circumstances.这两句话的差别是,前者将only under special circumstances放到句首,表示对状语的强调。注意:在部分倒装句中,只有助动词、情态动词或连系动词to be 可以置于主语之前,其它部分都要置于主语之后。

注意:

a) 如果含有从句时,只要求主句倒装:

例:Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.(只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。)

b) 如果上述否定副词出现在强调句型中的前半部分,不用倒装:

例:It was not until he went abroad that he know the truth of the fact.(直到他出国以后才了解到事实真相。)

c) 如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever, at all时,意义类似almost no/ not/ never(几乎不、从不),则无须倒装。

例:Hardly any people having been invited went there.(几乎没有什么受到邀请的人去那里了。)

4) 由no matter how, however和how引导的状语从句要求部分倒装,因为形容词或副词通常紧跟在这三个引导词后面,然后才是主语和谓语,形成形式上的部分倒装句:

例:I know nothing about this river, neither how long, how wide nor how deep it is.(我一点也不了解这条河,不知道它有多长,多宽或多深。)

由as引导的部分倒装句:

a) 当as作为比较意义时,即用于as + adj./ adv. + as结构中时,如果把第一个as省略掉,就形成部分倒装句。

例:Cautious as the rest of her family (was) , she didn't seem willing to give an immediate reply to my question.(正如她家里人一样谨慎小心,她似乎不愿意立即回答我的问题。)She ran down the stairs, quick as a rabbit (ran).(她跑下楼去,跑得象兔子那么快!)

b) 当as引导让步状语时,和although, though一样,当用作“尽管”之义时,可以用于部分倒装句。

例:_______, there was no hope of her being able to sleep.

A) As she was exhausted B) If she was exhausted

C) Exhausted though she was D) Now that she was exhausted

答案是C) 从属连词as, though可以用于让步状语从句中。这种从句必须以形容词(或形容词化的分词)、名词或动词原形开头,主语必须位于从句之后。D) Now that she was exhausted里的引导词Now that表示“既然”;B) If she was exhausted表示条件“如果”;A)

As she was exhausted表示“由于”(因为使用的是正语序),都与后面句子的意思不通顺。

c) 表示原因时,为了强调起见,也可以倒装。

例:Tired as he was, we decided not to disturb him.(因为他太累了,我们决定不打扰他。)d) 等于so时,意义是“也,也是”

例:She worked hard, so/ as did her husband. (她工作很努力,她的丈夫工作也很努力。)

3. 其它情况的倒装句

1) so, neither, nor除了构成上述倒装句以外,还可以取代上文出现的名词、形容词甚至整句话,构成完全倒装句或部分倒装句。但这两种倒装的意义不同。

a) 当so表示“也,相同,那样”时,通常表示对前一句肯定句的赞同、一致内容,要求使用完全倒装句:

例:I asked him to complete the experiment before five, so he did (=and he did that).(我让他在5点以前完成实验,他做到了。)

b) so /such ……that句型可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分:例:So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.(他的要价如此之高,令每个人都瞠目结舌。)

To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out.(她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于两个演员都走出去了。)

c) neither和nor共有4种倒装形式,其含义分别为:

完全倒装时:表示也不,和上文a)用法正好相反,表示对前一句否定句的赞同或一致内容。You don't know what to do now, neither/ nor do I .(你不知道现在该做什么,我也不知道。)和其它否定副词连用,表示"也(不)",也要求用完全倒装句:

例:The besieged enemy could not advance, nor / neither could they retreat.(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不能退。)

注意:若把这句话改成:"The besieged enemy could neither advance nor retreat.(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不能退。)"就不必倒装。

例:She never laughed, ______ lose her temper.

A) or she ever did B) nor did she ever C) or did she ever D) nor she ever did

本题的句子是一个并列句,全句意思是:“她从来不大声笑,也没有发过脾气”。当前面的分句含否定意义而且后面的分句也含否定的意思时,后面的反句通常用含否定意义的nor(或neither)连接。此外,nor(或neither)连接的分句应当用倒装句,及其谓语中的情态动词、连系动词或助动词应放主语之前。所以B) nor did she ever是答案。本句相当于:"…, and she never lost her temper, either"。

1) 用在肯定句里,构成一般否定倒装:

例:All that is true, nor must we forget it.(那全都是真的,我们可不能忘记。)

2) 部分倒装,有承上启下作用,表示同意和赞同:

例:A: I couldn't do anything for her.(我帮不了她。)

B: Nor you could, but you might have got somebody to help her.(你是不能帮她,但你本可以找人帮她的。)

2) 在进行比较的句子里,如果主语不是代词时,可以倒装:

例:America consumes more energy than did our country.(美国消耗的能源比我们国家多。)Her face is rather pale and even paler are her hands.(她的脸色苍白,她的手更白。)

(完整版)部分倒装与完全倒装的区别

部分倒装与完全倒装的区别 英语最基本的词序“主语部分+谓语部分”通常十分固定。如果把谓语动词放在主语前面,这就叫做倒装。将谓语动词完全移至主语之前,称为完全倒装;如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,称为部分倒装。 一、全部倒装 1.以here,there,now,then开头的句子,谓语动词要放在句子的主语之前。这种句子中的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如: Here comes the train! There goes the bell! 注意:如果句子的主语是人称代词,则不能使用倒装结构。如: Here it comes!/There it goes! 2.有些动词短语以副词out,in,up,down,away等结尾,构成不及物动词短语。这时,为了使句子更形象,常将这些副词提前到句首。这时,句中的谓语动词要放在句子主语的前面,构成全部倒装。(注意,这时句子的主语也必须是名词。如果是人称代词,也不能使用倒装结构。)如: Up went the rocket. Up it went. 3.为了强调表示地点的介词短语,常将这个介词短语放在句首,构成全部倒装。注意,这时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如: In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker. 4.表语置于句首,且主语较长或结构较复杂的句子要用全部倒装。如: Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat. 5.so/neither/nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者,其倒装结构为“so/neither /nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义,neither/nor表示否定意义)。如: She has finished her homework,so has her brother. She hasn’t gone there,neither/nor has he. 但如果so表示强调,即强调前面所说的情况的真实性时,其结构是“so+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词”,这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如:She knows little English,so she does.她英语懂得不多。她的确如此。 二.部分倒装 1.用于疑问句中。如: How did you do that﹖ Did you see the film yesterday﹖ 2.用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句中。如果我们将连词if省略,应把were,had,should提到主语前面。如: If you had come yesterday,you would have seen him. →Had you come yesterday,you would have seen him. 3.用于as引导的让步状语从句中。as引导的让步状语从句引起的倒装有以下几种形式: 1) 副词置于句首。如: Much as I like it (=Although I like it very much), I will not buy it.

部分倒装和完全倒装

英语中的倒装句分为部分倒装和完全倒装 一、部分倒装 部分倒装亦称“助动词倒装”,是指把谓语的一部分(即助动词)提到主语的前面,而句子的其他部分仍出现在主语后面。如果句子中没有助动词,则增加do,did,does。如OnlyyesterdaydidIrealizewhatwasgoingon. 部分倒装分为以下几类: 1.句首状语为否定词not,never,no等,或具有否定意义的副词如little,hardly,seldom等时,句子部分倒装。E.g.NeverhaveIfoundhiminsuchagoodmood。 我从未见他情绪这么好过。 NotoncehaveVesuviusstoppedhurlingpumicestonesandashintotheair. 维苏维火山没有停止向空气中喷发浮石和灰尘。 Scarcelyhadhefinishedspeakingwhenthepoliceofficersrushontotheplatform. 他刚刚说完,警察就冲到了平台上。 Hardlyhadwestartedwhenitbegan

torain. 我们刚刚出发,就开始下雨了。 Littledidheknowtherealsituation. 他一点也不知道实际情况。 (在这些结构中,否定表达可出现在句中稍后一些的位置而不必倒装。) NodifficultintheworldcandauntaCommunist. 天下事难不倒共产党员。 Onnoaccountarevisitorsallowed tofeedtheanimals. 禁止游客给动物投食。 (句中含no的表达大多是为了强调。在这些结构中,否定表达可以出现在句子中靠后一些的位置,而句子不必倒装。) 2.Hardly(scarcely) …when(before),nosooner…than引导的部分在句首要倒装。这些句子所表达的是一个动作紧接着另一个动作发生。 NosoonerhadIlaindownthanthetelephonerang. 我刚躺下,电话铃就响了。 Hardlyhadwestartedwhenitbegantorain. 我们刚出发就开始下雨了。

英语完全倒装和部分倒装解决不易懂

完全倒装 完全倒装则指将谓语动词完全(全部)置于主语前。完全倒装一般具有以下两个条件: ①谓语动词是单个(即不带情态动词、助动词或be)的不及物动词,且只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。 ②主语只能是名词。 Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。 Away went the runners. 赛跑选手们跑远了。 The door opened and in came Mr Smith. 门开了,史密斯先生进了来。 注:若主语为人称代词,则不能用倒装。如: Away he went. 他跑远了。 主要分为以下几种类型: 1.there/here/then/now/next 等地点副词和时间副词+V.+ 主语 2.up/down/off/out/in/away 等表示运动方向的副词+V.+主语 3.in the room, on the wall + V+主语等介词短语+V.+主语 4.such+ be.+主语 用法说明与经典例句: 1.在以here , there 等表示地点的here型副词开头的句子里,要用全部倒装以示强调。 在描述情景时,为了使景象更生动,有时把here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, off, away等方向性副词作为句子开头,句子用完全倒装。此时, ①子主语必须是名词; ②谓语动词通常是be, come, go, run, rush, fly, follow, fall等表示位移的不及物动词,且为 一般时态; ③其中的here, there不是表示地点,而是用以引起对方注意。如: here comes the bus. There is a hole in the wall. Here are some advertisements about cars. 这儿是几则有关汽车的广告。 2.以表示时间的副词Now,then 引导的句子,谓语动词是come, begin, end, follow, be 等表示位移或状态的词时,句子要用全部倒装。 Then came the workers. Now is your turn. 注:如果主语是人称代词,则不用倒装。 Then he went.

倒装用法归纳(部分-全部)

Unit5 Grammar Inversion(倒装) 英语部分倒装用法归纳(Partial Inversion) 1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装 在正式文体中,never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首,则其后要用部分倒装: I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。 He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。 She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。 He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。 We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。 【注意】 (1)对于not…until句型,当not until…位于句首时,其后的主句要用倒装语序: He didn’t leave the r oom until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 (2)某些起副词作用的介词短语,由于含有否定词,若位于句首,其后要用部分倒装: On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。 但是,in no time(立即,马上)位于句首时,其后无需用倒装语序: In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。 2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装 当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时,其后用部分倒装语序: Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。 Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。 Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时,才知道出了什么事。 3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装 副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时,其后用部分倒装: So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷,我们只好呆在家里。 So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快,我们几乎没法想像它的速度。 So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然,我们来不及逃跑。 4.“so+助动词+主语”倒装 当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者,通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构: You are young and so am I. 你年轻,我也年轻。 She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐,我也喜欢。

全部倒装和部分倒装和重点语法

全部倒装和部分倒装: 如果谓语在主语前面, 就是倒装语序. 倒装语序又分为全部倒装和部分倒装. 在全部倒装的句子中, 整个谓语都放在主语的前面: Here are some registered letters for you. In came a man with a white beard. 在部分倒装的句子中只是谓语中的一部分(如助动词, 情态动词, 或系动词be等)放在主语前面, 其余部分仍在主语后面: Under no circumstances must a soldier leave his post. I couldn’t answer the question. Nor could anyone else in our class. Only in this way is it possible to accomplish the above-mentioned glorious task. 以neither, nor, so等开始的句子: 由so引起的表示前面所说情况也适用于另一人(或东西)的句子(肯定句), 由neither, nor引起的表示前面所说情况也适用于另一人(或东西)的句子(否定句), 助动词或be置于主语前. “We must start for the work-site now”. “ So must we.” I am quite willing to help and so are the others. He didn’t drop any hint. Nor (Neither) did his secretary. “I won’t do such a thing.”“Nor (Neither) will I.” 如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思, 尽管是用so开头, 语序也不要颠倒. “It was cold yesterday.”“So it was.” “Tomorrow will be Monday.”“So it will.” 当句首状语为never, little, not only, not until, hardly, scarcely等否定词或有否定意义的词语时, 一般引起部分倒装. No longer are they staying with us. No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill. Under no circumstances could I agree to such a principle. 表示位置或方向的副词提前, 谓语动词为go, come等表示位置转移的动作动词而主语又较长时, 通常用全部倒装: There was a sudden gust of wind and away went his hat. The door burst open and I rushed the crowd.

英语语法——解读部分倒装与完全倒装

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完全倒装与部分倒装 1. 完全倒装 1) 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。 例如:In came the teacher and the class began. (老师走了进来,然后开始上课。) 2) there引出的完全倒装句:除了最常见的there be句型以外,there还 可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等,一般都译成"有" 的含义,构成完全倒装句。 例如:There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.(远处有个 穿黑色衣服的人。) 3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句:以地点副词here, there和时间 副词now, then 开头,后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等,而主语又是名词时,构成完全倒装句。 例:Under that tree sits a beautiful girl.(那棵树下坐着一位美丽的姑娘。)例:Down jumped the burglar from the tenth floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him. 注意: 1) 在here, there引出的倒装句中,当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句, 但当主语是代词时,就要用部分倒装句。 例:Here comes the postman!(邮递员终于来了!注意实意谓语动词位 于主语之前。) Here we are.(我们到了。注意系动词位于主语代词之后。) 2) 注意正语序和倒装语序的语气、意义是区别: 例:Here is the picture I love.(这正是我所喜爱的画。) The picture I love is here.(我所喜爱的画在这里。) 3) 当主语是代词,谓语是系动词,表语是说明性的词、词组和定语从句 时,可以使用完全倒装句,起强调作用。 例:Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.(他真 幸运,被一所名牌大学录取了。) 2. 部分倒装 1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前, 或把句子的强调成分提前。 例:were she to leave right now, she would get there on Sunday. 如果她立刻就走,她就能在星期天到达那里 2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动 词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法: 例:Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.(小约翰直到昨 天才改变了主意。) 例:In no country other than Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day. 3) 以否定副词开头并加状语的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有 barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely…… when, never, no sooner…… than, rarely, no more, nor nearly, not only等以及only。 例:Only under special circumstances are freshmen permitted to take

完全倒装、部分倒装.

倒装句 倒装的目的 1语法要求:疑问句,there be, 祝愿句 2修辞要求:为了强调;为描写生动;为衔接上下文;为保持句子平衡 1. 倒装句的定义 英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。如果把谓语动词放在主语前面,就叫做倒装. 1)完全倒装结构: 谓语动词+主语 Here came the headmaster. 2)部分倒装结构: 助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词+… Never will I forget you. I. 完全倒装 1. 用于there be句型 There are many students in the classroom. 在there be 结构中有时不用be,而用表示类似“存在”或其他不及物动词,如appear/ seem / live/ stand/ lie/come等. There seems no need to help that country. There lives an old man in that village. There lies a large wheat field in front of the house. 2. 句首状语引起完全倒装 以out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子里,以表示强调。 “here(there,now,then)+不及物动词+主语” ①车来了。Here _________________ ②铃响了。There_________________ ③该你的了。Now__________________ ④孩子们出去了。Out__________________ 注意:当代词做主语时,主谓语序不变。 ⑤他们出去。__________________ ⑥他来了。__________________ 注意2:这类倒装不用进行时。 (2010江苏)33. —Is everyone here? —Not yet……Look , there_______ the rest of our guests! A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming 3.当句首状语为表示地点的介词/副词短语时,也常常引起全部倒装 ①山上坐落着一座古老的寺庙。 An old temple lies on the top of the hill. __________________lies an old temple. ②这些东西里有圣诞树、花儿、蜡烛和玩具. Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys are among the goods. __________________are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys. (2010重庆)33. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China. A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie 4.表语提前。有时当句子没有宾语而主语又比较长, 为避免头重脚轻,或者为了使上下文紧

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