大学英语创意阅读第2册第2单元答案

Unit 2 Schooldays: An Effective Education System

Understanding the text

Part A: Comprehending the text

Part B: Interpreting the text

1. Why, in paragraph 2 of the debate speech, does the speaker describe failing an examination as being like a "death sentence"?

These exams "decide their .futures" and the penalties .for .failure are ".final". Also look at speech paragraph 6 -- the "threat of being a .failure .for life" is perhaps even worse than a death sentence.

2. Why does the speaker mention the labour market in paragraph 4 of the speech? The labour market does not urgently need "newly qualified people ". There is no "hurry"; the situation is not critical.

3. Why does the speaker introduce such exact figures in paragraph 7 of the speech? To compare the large number of lessons ("17,745") with the tiny result ("how little I knew at the end ... ")and also to say that "40-minute pieces of learning" and "little pieces of 9eography or history or biology" do not really add up to any substantial body of knowledge. Perhaps, too, the writer wants to show that mere statistics ("17,745 lessons") do not really prove that the results are good.

4. What does the word "subjected" in paragraph 7 of the speech tell us about the speaker's attitude towards his own education?

The word suggests an unpleasant experience. The writer was, when a child, the subject -- and the education system was the "boss". The results o.1~ the child's subjection were not good. Also look at speech paragraph 8 again: the system "can never be called e. efficient"; it simply helps the administrators and the bureaucrats.

Developing your skills

Part A: Using reference markers

Circle the letter of your choice.

1. c)

In the text, "schooldays" is related to "remember" -- "schooldays" is the object of "remember"; "them" is also the object -- of the second verb "remember". The pronoun "them" means exactly the same, in this sentence, as the noun "schooldays"

2. b)

Here, "it" is connected -- or linked -- to "this question" by the word "as". And "as it exists in Britain" specifies that the discussion is limited to present-day Britain.

3. c)

This is more difficult: those refers, here, to the "school children" mentioned in the previous sentence! So the link -- or the connection -- is more distant. All the words in this phrase give clues to the link: "but", for example, is very important here because it indicates a limitation on what is being discussed. (The teacher might wish to point out that there are many small words which are very important in English --and "but" is one of these. A useful class exercise can be given in which each student-- or perhaps pair of students -- creates an original sentence in which "but" is an essential part. Y ou can emphasise that, although the word is "simple", it is often very important indeed in communication. )

4. a)

Here we need to go back to the subject of this long sentence -- namely " parents" !

Find and circle five more examples of reference markers in the text. For e ach marker, draw an arrow to the part of the text it refers to. Compare your examples with those of a partner.

·"But" (speech paragraph 4, line 26) does two jobs. It refers back to the whole subject of exams and pressures; it also signals that there is going to be a change of direction in the whole discussion.

·"It" (speech paragraph 4, line 32) refers back to the "problem" if children "suddenly stop reading" -- and the paragraph goes on to say that this is not really a problem. ·"So" (speech paragraph 4, line 36) is another small but very important linking word. Often -- as here -- it is used to "wrap up", or conclude, an argument.

·"If" (speech paragraph 5, line 38) introduces a hypothetical situation. It raises the idea of imagining big changes and new conditions. Again, it's a small word 'with many uses.

·In speech paragraph 8, ".for example" is perhaps a more simple instance of linking: here the inefficiency of the "present system" is shown clearly by the example -- i. e. it "takes up to 11 years" to produce even basic results.

Part B: Using discourse markers

1. I've been really busy this week with five assignments to complete. However/Yet last week was easy as I only had one to do.

Function: showing contrast

2. Although there are some minor disadvantages, on the whole / in general / generally s peaking / overall, I prefer studying at university to secondary school.

Function: generalizing

3. Nobody is allowed in here except / except for / with the exception of the principal and the most senior members of staff.

Function: introducing exceptions

4. Y our progress seems to have been variable. Some assignments are OK, but as for / as regards your last written assignment ... it was a complete disaster!

Function: focusing attention

5. I've finished all my assignments so / and so / so now I can go to the cinema this evening and relax.

Function: showing logical sequence

Extending your vocabulary

Part A: W ords to note

1. His carefree attitude sometimes makes people think he doesn't take his studies seriously enough.

2. I really find the fact that so many students have copied this assignment totally intolerable. This is cheating!

3. He seemed very receptive to my suggestion that he should focus more on his basic language skills.

4. As this is a compulsory course, it is not possible for you to drop it.

5. The consequences of cheating in an examination are usually very severe. In any case, anyone who cheats will fail.

6. Clearly, the more motivated a student is to learn a language, the more successful he or she will be.

7. I am appalled at the very high failure rate of the course! Everyone should pass.

8. The student was frantically trying to remember where he put his textbook. He needed it immediately to complete his assignment.

Part B: Expressions

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全新版大学英语快速阅读英汉对照UNIT6

Unit 6 第六单元 Karoshi 过劳死 You might be of the opinion that a little hard work never hurt anyone, but this old saying 你可能会认为有点努力工作不会伤害任何人,但这个老说 is wearing thin. Tokyo interiors fitter Nobuo Miuro, quite literally, died in his work boots 穿着瘦。东京的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感钳工Nobuo Miuro照字面上,死于他的工作的靴子 in the middle of a 17-hour shift: a Japanese doctor returned a verdict of death by overwork. 这场当中的改变:日本医生裁定死于加班。 It's a phenomenon that has become so common in Japan (where a typical office worker can 那是一种现象,已经非常普遍在日本(在一个典型的办公室工人可以 leave home at 7am, only getting back after 11pm) that they even have their own word for it: 早上7点离开家,只在晚上11点后打回到,他们甚至还有自己的的话:

"karoshi". “过劳死”。 Karoshi has yet to make it as a buzzword in current British usage, but that's not to say 还没有过劳死,在当前的热门话题,而英国的用法,但这并不是说 that long hours and work-related stress aren't taking their toll on us here. Self-reported 那么长时间和工作压力不重要,我们这里的代价。自报的 health problems in the past 12 months by people in the UK working 48 hours or more have 健康问题,在过去的12个月,英国人在48小时内工作 included mental exhaustion (54 %), difficulty sleeping (43 %) and range from chronic 包括精神的疲惫(5400 %),入睡困难(43 %)年龄从慢性 headaches and irritable bowel trouble to ulcers and drug or alcohol problems. 头痛和肠易激麻烦去溃疡和吸毒或喝酒的问题。