21世纪大学英语第一册第一单元 Secrets of A Students

Secrets of A Students

T ext-related information

1. Grading system

Schools, colleges and universities in Great Britain and the United States commonly use letter grades t indicate the quality of a student’s academic performance: A(excellent), B(good), C(average), D(below average), and F(failing). In the United States, work rated C or above is usually required of an undergraduate student to continue his/her studies; work rated B or higher is usually required of a graduate student to continue. In percentage scales, 100 percent is the highest mark, and 70 percent (or 65 percent) is usually the lowest passing work.

2.Students at universitie s

A university student who has not yet taken his or her first, or “bachelor’s” degree is an undergraduate. In the United States, a first-year student at a college or university, and in a high school as well, is called a freshman, a second-year student a sophomore, and a third-year student a junior, and a fourth-year student a senior. A graduate is a person who has completed a university degree course while a postgraduate(or graduate in the United States) is a person doing studies that are done at a university after one has received a first degree.

V ocabulary

1.perform—do (a job); complete (a task)

e.g. Computers can perform many different tasks.

The firefighters performed outstanding acts of bravery in the September 11 attack.

Perform well/badly/poorly—work well/badly/poorly; achieve a good/poor result

e.g. I must say I performed poorly in the speech contest.

The new drug has perform well in tests.

2. concentrate--direct all one’s attention, etc. towards sth.; be absorbed in sth.

e.g. Sally tried to concentrate on her studies in spite of the noise.

It’s said that yoga can help you contrite better. 据说瑜伽能够帮助你更好地集中精力。

3. focus—V. & N. direct one’s attention on sth; the concentration of one’s attention

e.g. Today’s topic focused on Chinese festivals.

The research effort focused on the development of a new chemical.

All eyes were focused on him.

大家的眼光都注意着他。

You should focus your attention on your work.

你应该把注意力放到工作上。

He always wants to be the focus of attention.

他总想成为注意力的焦点。

Bring the object into focus if you want a sharp photograph.

要照出清晰的照片，就要把焦点对准物体。

词义辨析: concentrate, focus

这两个动词均有“集中，聚集”之意。

concentrate: 指把人或物集中在一起，也可指把精力或注意力集中于某一事物上。

focus: 侧重指把光、热、射线等集中于一点，也可指把思想或精力等集中于

某人或某事情上。

4. athlete, sportsperson, player

athlete—a person who is skilled in bodily exercise and who competes in games that need strength and speed, such as running and jumping.

Sportsperson—a person who is keen on spors.

Player—a person who plays in a ball game, often professionally.

e.g. It’s quite an event for an athlete to win a gold medal at the Olympic Games.

My boss is a keen sportsperson and keeps encouraging me to get more

outdoor activity.

Michael Jordan is the best basketball player I’ve ever seen.

5. essential—(1) n. (usu. Pl.) sth. that is necessary or very important

(2) a. (to, for) necessary, central

e.g. In considering this problem, you should grasp its essentials.

在考虑这一问题时，你应当抓住实质。

Her most essential quality is kindness.

她最主要的品质是善良。

Food is essential to life.

食物对生命是必不可少的。

Political stability is essential for economic development.

6. relevant (ant. Irrelevant)—directly connected with the subject or problem being discussed or considered

e.g. The essay isn't even remotely relevant to the topic.

这篇文章毫不切题。

These facts are relevant to the case.

这些事实和此案有关。

She gobbled up all the relevant information.

她如饥似渴地收集一切有关的信息。

This type of university course is no longer relevant to today's problems.

这类大学课程对当今的问题而言已没有实际价值。

His nationality isn't relevant to whether he's a good teacher.

他的国籍与他是否是位好老师无关。

7. approach--n. 接近, 途径, 方法; v. 靠近, 接近, 动手处理

e.g.All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops.

通往宫殿的所有道路都有部队把守。

The time is approaching when we must think about buying a new house.

我们要想一想买新房子的事了，时机即将来临。

Heavy footsteps signalled the teacher's approach.

沉重的脚步声显示教师已经走近了。

There are several ways of approaching the problem.

处理这个问题有好几个方法。

All approaches to the city were blocked.

通往这座城市的所有道路都被封锁了。

Silently we approached the enemy's camp.

我们静悄悄地逼近敌人的营地。

The lion's approach drove away the small animals.

狮子一走近，小动物们都跑开了。

【词义辨析】manner, method, way, mode, fashion, means, approach

这些名词均含“方法、方式”之意。

manner: 多指行动的特殊方式或独特的方法。

method: 指有系统、有条理地办事或解决问题的方法。

way: 普通用词，可指一般的方法，有时也指个人的方法或方式，也可指

特殊的方式或方法。

mode: 书面用词，常指因个人爱好或传统习俗等因素而遵循的方法。

fashion: 着重独特的程序或方式，尤指个人的偏爱或习惯。

means: 指为达到某种目的或目标而采用的方法、手段或途径。

approach: 指从事某事的特别方法、途径。

8. solution—an act or way of finding an answer to a difficulty or problem

e.g. We haven't found the solution yet, but I'm sure we're on the right track.

我们还没有找到解决办法，但我肯定我们的思路是对的。

It seems (to me) (to be) the best solution.

(依我看)这似乎是最好的解决办法。

Language Points

1.“Brain”—intelligence; the ability to learn and understanding things quickly

e.g. Tom’s got brains but is too lazy to use them.

I hope the baby has his mother’s brains and his father’s good look.

2. “Necessarily”—often used in negatives means “in every case”

e.g. Books are not necessarily the best teacher—sometimes we learn more from

our experiences.

The fact that sth in cheap doesn’t necessarily mean it’s low of quality.

If we reply “Not necessarily”, we mean that what has just been said or suggested may not be true.

“We’ll need to employ another teacher then”“Not necessarily”

3. make the most of—make the best of; use or enjoy to the greatest advantage, use in

the best way

e.g. The young lady has learned to make the most of every opportunity offered to

her.

这位年轻女士懂得充分利用她所得到的每一次机会。

The government is determined to make the most of the region’s natural

resources to further promote economic and social progress.

4.counts for much/little/nothing—be of much/little/no worth or importance

e.g. He knows only one side of the story and therefore his opinion counts for very

little.

Knowledge without common sense counts for little.

A man with no sense of responsibility does not count for anything.

5. “not the whole story” or “part of the story”-- the explanation or information given

is not enough for a situation to be fully understood.

e.g. I t’s true that I don’t like my boss, but that is not the whole story/only part of

the story. I quit because I’ve found a better job.

Some other use of “story”

e.g. Well, I’ve never cheated in exams, though I know people who have, but

that’s another story.

Where they live, the climate is fairly dry, but a little further north it’s a different story.

People come and people go. It’s the same old story.

6. put in—spend, pass (a specified amount of time, etc.)

e.g. I hurried to the library, only to find that there was still an hour to put in before

it opened.

He worked like a slave putting in fifteen hours of work daily.

On weekend, I sometimes enjoy putting in a pleasant afternoon in the public library.

7. go + unP.P.: 主动形式表示被动的涵义（P11; exXI）

e.g. The baby’s cry went unheard. (Nobody hear the baby’s cry)

Some guests at the party went unattended. (Nobody attended them). Practice: change the following sentences with “go+(un)p.p.” pattern:

a. the letter was not finished.

b. The decision will not be changed.

c. The patient didn’t touch the foo

d.

d. The kid didn’t do his homework.

e. While writing to her parents, the student didn’t mention her poor performance

in exams.

8. get one’s hands on—get hold of (sth. or sb.), esp. violently; seize

e.g. The hungry boy ate up everything he could get his hands on from the

refrigerator.

The woman smashed every plate she could get her hands on in a terrible fight with her husband. 在和她丈夫打架的时候她摔碎了所有她能找到的碟子。

The book was sold out, and the girl had to go downtown to finally get her hands on a copy.

9. cut down on—reduce

e.g. The already skinny girl declared she would cut down on food so as to lose

weight. 已经很瘦的女孩宣布她要减少饮食来减肥。

The doctor urged the patient to cut down smoking and drinking.

医生敦促病人减少吸烟和饮酒。

There is talk that they are going to cut down on government spending.

据说他们将缩减政府开支。

10. set—assign, put forward or arrange as (material to be dealt with)

e.g. Can you imagine that the professor set such a difficult assignment on the

very first day of the semester.

The manager set his secretary various tasks when he was away on a business trip.

11. a couple of—a few, more than one but indefinitely small in number

e.g. He patched up a couple of old tires.

他补了几条旧车胎。

The bowler let go a couple of scorchers.

投球手投出了几个快球。

Give the bottle a couple of shakes before pouring the juice.

倒果汁前，先把瓶子摇几下。

`I've got a couple of questions I'd like to ask you.' `Right, fire away.'

｀我有几个问题想问你.＇｀好，你说吧.＇

As I've been lying wide awake for a couple of hours, I know I've come in for it again tonight.

毫无睡意地躺了一两个小时之后，我知道今晚又要失眠了。

I saw a couple of men get out.

我看见有几个人出去了。

The motorist picked up a couple of pupils and took them as far as the county town.

开汽车的人让两个小学生上车，把他们一直带到了县城。

The committee is going into recess for a couple of weeks.

委员会打算休会几个星期。

12. meet the deadline—finish the task before the date or time it must be finished

e.g. The re’s no way I can meet the deadline.

我不可能按时完成。

I’m afraid you’ve missed the deadline, so your application cannot be

considered. 恐怕你已经误了期限，因此你的申请将不予考虑。

13. stick to—keep to, refuse to leave or change

e.g. He is a man of principle—he always sticks to his principles.

他是一个讲原则的人――总是严格遵守自己的原则。

We don't want to hear your opinions; stick to the facts!

我们不想听你的想法，只讲事实！

Don't romanticize stick to the facts.

别夸夸其谈了－－说实际的吧。

We must stick to our task till it is finished.

我们必须继续工作，直至做好为止。

14. work wonders—bring unexpectedly good results

e.g. I think a long holiday would work wonders for your health.

我想长期休假会给你的健康创造奇迹。

God work wonders now and then; Behold, a lawyer an hone man.

上帝时或会制造一些奇迹; 看啊，身为一名律师，居然还是老实人！

A whisky and soda at the end of the day will sometimes work wonders.

晚上喝杯威士忌搀苏打水有时会产生意想不到的效果。

A few words of encouragement can work wonders in me when I’m not very

confident.

The student tried the new approach, and to his amazement, it worked

wonders.

15. lead to—have as a result, cause sth. to happen or exist

e.g. The smoke of the forest fire led to the worst air accident in the history of the

country.

The Government's present course will only lead to disaster.

政府的现行方针後患无穷。

Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.

过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。

Such a mistake would perhaps lead to disastrous consequences.

这样一种错误可能导致灾难性的后果。

16. put down—write down, make a note of

e.g. Here’s my address—put it down before you forget it.

Let me put down what he’s said. I never trust my memory.

17. revision (British)—make preparation for an exam, such as reading things, making

notes, and doing exercise before an exam ( equivalent American form—

“revise”)

e.g. she did no revision/review but she still got a very high mark.

她没复习但仍考得很好。

Some girls prefer to do their revision at home.

有些女孩喜欢在家复习。

18. rather than-- conj. 宁可 ... 也不愿, 与其 ... 倒不如, 而不是 (平行结构，前后一致“parallel structure”)

e.g. It is a telex rather than a letter.

与其说它是一封信，不如说它是一封电传。

These are political rather than social matters.

这是政治问题而不是社会问题。

Rather than risk breaking up his marriage he told his wife everything.

他惟恐婚姻破裂，把一切都告诉了妻子。

She is not so beautiful as charming. (=She is charming rather than beautiful.)

与其说她美倒不如说她迷人。

It is better to express your anger, rather than bottle it up.

生气宁可发泄出来而不要闷在肚内。

She is a career woman rather than a housewife.

她是职业妇女而不是家庭主妇。

当主句中有不定式结构时，rather than 后面可以跟不带to的不定式或动词“ing”形式，但当从句位于句首时首先“ing”形式

e.g. I’d like to stay at home rather than go/going out.

Rather than using the last of his cash, Tom decided to write a check.

19. put away—put sth. in its proper places

e.g. The spoilt boys never put his toys away.

Please put the newspaper away on the shelf when you finish reading.

vt. 处理掉(吃, 把 ... 收好, 拿开, 排斥)

This vase wasn't wiped out properly before it was put away.

这个花瓶没擦乾净就收起来了。

It's time to put away those foolish ideas and become serious.

是打消那些愚蠢想法，认真对待的时候了。

I don't know how he manages to put it all away!

我真不知道他怎麽吃得这样多！

She went a bit odd and had to be put away.

她有点不正常，只好送进了疯人院。

She's got a few thousand pounds put away for her retirement.

她已存了几千镑以备退休之用。

He must have put away half a bottle of whisky last night.

昨晚他大概喝了半瓶威士忌酒。

Put your toys away in the cupboard, when you've finished playing. 你把玩具玩儿完了以後放进柜子里去。

He was put away for ten years for armed robbery.

他因持械抢劫而关押了十年。

大学英语第一册课后习题答案

新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 1 III. 1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4. embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7.virtual 8. benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunities IV. 1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in 9. for 10.with V. 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.C Sentence Structure VI. 1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relatively poor. 2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down. 3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family. 4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others wee insulting and impolite. 5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all those concerned, while inwardly she was angry. VII. 1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gap between his culture and ours. 2. Not only did we learn the technology through the online course, but we also learned to communicate with friends in English. 3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. 4. Not only do the workers want a pay increase, but they also want reduced working hours. 5. Not only is the house expensive, but it is also too far away from my company. Translation VIII. 1. Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply. 2. She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless. 3. Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot. 4. Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need. 5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her. 6. Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. IX. 1. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师，是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有价值的。如果没有他，我的英语说得不会像现在这样好。

新概念英语第二册第一单元测试题讲课教案

新概念英语第二册第一单元测试题

新概念英语第二册第一单元测试题（满分150 分） 姓名_____ 分数 一、英汉互译（30X1'） 1. private ____ 2. conversation __ 3. repeat 4. museum ___ 5. decision ___ 6. public 7. __________ distanc _______ 8.valuabl 9. expect 10. competition _ 11.begga _____ 12.performa nee 13.聚集______ 14乐器_______ 15经理 16.允许______ 17抱怨________ 18立刻 19.场合______ 20.经历 _______ 21扔、抛 22.打断______ 23发疯________ 24.服从 25.舞台______ 26抓到________ 27.账单 28匆忙______ 29返回/归还______ 30负担得起 二?单项选择题（20X1.5'） 1. --- ------------- terrible weather it is! ----- It is said that it will get ______ later. A. What; bad B. What ;worse C. How; bad D. How; worse 2. The book ______ L ucy ' s. Look! Her name is on the book cover. A. must be B. can be C. can ' t be D. mustn ' t be 3. It _____ me two hours to get there by bus. A. spe nt B. took C. used D. paid 4. My mother has — to Hong Kong twice. A. come B. got C. gone D. bee n 5. Three months— quite a long time. A. is B. be C. are D. am 6. I did not remember — her before. A. have met B. hav ing met C. to hav ing met D. to meet 7. I ' ll go with you to the theater as soon_as my homework.

21世纪大学新英语读写译第二册unit1-2翻译

Unit 1 Love Works Miracles A 1.He was sorry for his anger and ready to do plenty to erase（擦去，抹去）the impression or compensate for it. 2.Our friendly staff are always on hand to offer assistance（帮助，援助）and provide information whenever you may need it. 3.If any connection is leaking, please tighten（收紧，绷紧）the nut slowly until the leak stops. 4.If an individual develops the feeling that they belong to a group, and they must help the group they are part of, then they develop a sense of community（社团，团体） 5. I regard you as a real friend. You have helped me to stay more positive because being lonely can be very depressing（令人沮丧） 6. As a visitor here, you may approach（向…靠近）any state agency for information and assistance at any time. 7. As a student you will have lots of dreams to fulfill（实现）and you want to become a successful person in your life. 8.Just imagine(想象)all the money that you can save if you only take some measures to protect your eyesight. 9. They can offer advice and support to those who wish to quit(停止)drinking. 10.The train driver crawled(爬行) under the train to help the injured men. B 1.The colour of buildings really stood out against the cloudy sky and the snow. 2.We have to stay inside when the thunderstorm is still raging on . 3.I guess these pieces of advice might come in handy if you want to study abroad, especially in Britain. 4.Many people are wondering why the UK Law Society has launched a campaign telling students to think twice about a career in law. 5. A woman in a truck pulled over with a concerned expression on her face, rolled down the window and asked us if we were lost. 6.I wanted to be sure that I was making the right decision. After all , this was a complete change of lifestyle. 7.The reality of the war didn’t hit home until someone from the neighborhood was killed. 8.I heard someone pulling up in front of our house. Would you please check it out? 9.If the plan is carried out successfully it will pay back the lost money and in time it will increase the profit of the company. 10.Jane has quit her jo b because she can’t stan d being on her feet the whole day. Unit2Happiness is a choice A1. It is a common dilemma Should you stay where you have friends and family, or take that good job in a far-away city? 2. In addition to success in music and acting, Duff has revealed herself as ashrewd businesswoman. 3. He has attempted to devise a method that can reduce the inefficient process. 4. Please be precise about where you would like the goods left if you are out when we deliver. 5. Little by little the man regained his strength, and was seen to have recovered more or less

翻译大学英语第一册全部内容

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