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人教版英语选修六知识点

人教版英语选修六知识点
人教版英语选修六知识点

U3(选修六)Words and expressions

滥用,妄用;虐待,辱骂○弊病,陋习 1.abuse n. ○21vt. 滥用,妄用,虐待

e.g. He abused his power while in office.他在职时滥用权力。

Those captives were physically abused.那些俘虏遭受了肉体上的摧残

drug abuse 滥用毒品

child abuse 虐待儿童

abuse one's position / power滥用职权/权利

abuse a privilege滥用特权

2. stress

压力; 重音,重读1)n. ○1be under (the) stress (of) 在压力下

suffer from stress遭受压力

the stresses and strains of modern life现代生活的压力和紧张

强调, 重要性○2e.g. Some school lay / put /place stress on foreign language education.

2)vt. 加压力于; 重读; 强调

e.g. He stressed the importance of the task.

3.ban

1)n.禁令,禁止 a ban on sth

2)vt.禁止, 取缔

ban sb. from (doing) sth. 颁布禁令

impose a ban解除禁令

lift a ban

e.g. Our government has put/ imposed a ban on plastic bags.

4. due to 归因于, 归功于

e.g. The accident is due to your careless driving. 那意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。

be due to do sth定于某时做某事

e.g. He is due to speak at the meeting tomorrow.

可以被caused by 所代替

The train is due in five minutes.(预定的,预期的)

My rent isn't due till Wednesday.(到期的,立即支付的)

In due course 在适当的时候

after due consideration经适当考虑之后

because of “由于”, 较口语化,只作状语

owing to 较正式,须用逗号与主句隔开

thanks to “多亏了”,多用于正面的意义

as a result of “因为”

as a result 副短, “因此”

therefore 副词, “因此”

so并列连词, “因此”

because of ,due to , owing to , on account of和thanks to 的用法比较

的意思,在使用时应该注意以下区别:”由于“这一词都表示

1.because of意为“由于,因为”,强调因果关系,在句中仅作状语,修饰句中的一部分,与其他成分不用逗号隔开。

如:We must not get discouraged because of such a minor setback.我们决不可因为这样一个小小

的挫折而灰心丧气。

2.owing to与because of一样,也强调因果关系,除作状语外,也可作表语。作状语时修饰整个句子,可在句首或句末,用逗号隔开。如:

They decided to cancel the flight,owing to the storm.

由于这场暴风雨,他们决定取消这个航班。

His death was owing to an accident.他死于一场事故。

3.due to引出造成后果的原因,在句中作表语、状语和定语。作表语和状语时与owing to同义,作状语时,一般不与其他成分隔开。不用于句首。如:

This accident was due to(owing to)his careless driving.

这次车祸是由于他开车疏忽大意造成的。

He arrived late due to(owing to)the storm.由于暴风雨他来晚了。

Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious consequences.

由于疏忽大意造成的错误可能带来严重的后果。

4.on account of与because of,owing to同义,但语气较为正式。可作状语、表语,不作定语。如:

He could not come on account of his illness.他因病不能前来。

That was on account of lack of exercise.那是由于缺乏锻炼。

5.thanks to表示“幸亏,多亏”多用于表达正面意思,相当于感谢,在句中作状语和表语。.多亏你的建议,减少了许多麻烦。much trouble was saved 如:Thanks to your advice,5.tough 1)The wire is tougher than that. (坚韧的,不易磨损的)

2)You need to be tough enough to survive in the jungle.(坚忍不拔的,吃苦耐劳的)

3)a tough criminal(粗暴的,凶暴的)

4)tough measures to deal with terrorism(强硬的,严厉的)

5)a tough assignment / problem / choice(棘手的,困难的)

6)a tough steak(硬的,老的)

6.fit

1)V.

1.The dress doesn't fit me.

2.We can't fit any more chairs into the room.(容纳)

3. be fitted with handles(安装)

4. His ideas did not quite fit in with our aims. 他的想法和我们的目标不完全一致。

(与…相一致,相协调)

2)Adj.

keep fit

be fit for / to do

The book is fit (suitable) for children.

The fresh air is fit to breath.

反义词:

unfit be unfit for / to do

fit , suit, match

区分.

These shoes don't fit me. Have you got a larger size? 这鞋我穿不合适。你们有大点的吗?

That haircut suits you. 那种发型很适合你。

The carpets should match the curtains. 地毯应该和窗帘相配。

You can't match him in his knowledge of wild plants. 在野生植物知识方面,你无法与他相比。

7. addicted adj. “对某某上瘾”, “沉湎于某某”

e.g. My children have become hopelessly addicted to television. 我的几个孩子都成了电视迷, 简直不可救药了。

构词法:

addict n. 吸毒成瘾的人

addiction n. 沉湎、成瘾

addictive adj. 使人上瘾的

addict常用于下列结构:

addict oneself to sth. 沉溺于某物

be addicted to sth. 专心做某事;上了…..的瘾

be addicted to doing sth.

Eg.The parents felt helpless when they found their son had ____ love stories for long.

A. addicted

B. addicted to

C. addicted himself

D. been addicted to

8. accustom v.使人习惯于、养成习惯

e.g. She found it necessary to accustom her child to getting up early. 她觉得有必要让孩子养成早起

的好习惯。

常用句式:

1) accustom+名词/oneself + to+名

eg.Children are quick to accustom themselves to new surroundings.孩子们很快就会适应新环境。

2) be accustomed to +名词

e.g. I am accustomed to walking long distances. 我习惯与长距离步行。

3) get/become/be accustomed to +名词

e.g. You will soon get accustomed to the job. 你将会习惯于这个工作。

同义词组:be / get / become used to

注意:

在英语中, to有时为动词不定式符号, 后跟动词原形; 有时用作介词, 后跟名词、代词、或动名词。下面的这些短语中的to 均为介词。

stick to 坚持lead to 导致, 通向pay a visit to 参观

sentence sb. to 宣判某人come to 谈到, 涉及see to 处理,负责

be up to 总计devote…to 致力于get down to 开始/着手

be opposed to / object to 反对be devoted to 致力于,献身于

be attached to adjust (adapt)…to be exposed to

look forward to pay attention to attend to

contribute to turn to admit to

when it comes to

9.withdraw-withdrawal

The general refused to withdraw his troops.(收回,撤回)

She withdrew all her savings and left the country.(取钱,提款)

withdrawal symptoms 戒毒过程中出现的症状

”停止做, “形式-ing接动词quitting, 现在分词为quit,过去式和过去分词均为, 动词10. quit e.g. She quit smoking when she got pregnant. 她一怀孕就戒了烟。

归类记忆:下列动词只能用-ing 形式作宾语

admit, advise, allow, appreciate, avoid, consider, deny , forbid(禁止), fancy(想象), finish, keep,

mention, mind, miss, pardon, permit, prevent, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, imagine, postpone(推迟), practice, quit, resist(抵制), risk , suggest, tolerate, understand

Line 18: I did finally manage.

Line 30: I do hope so because I want you to live…

do/does/did+动词原形,用于肯定句和祈使句中,表示强调。

注意:只用于强调谓语动词。

强调谓语以外的成分可使用:

It is/was ……that……

It was when I was doing my homework that I saw him sleeping.

It was I that/who saw him sleeping in class.

Do be careful when crossing the street.

He does speak English well.

Line 19: I didn't know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or

that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant.

[点拨] 该句是一个包含两个宾语从句的主从复合句。

第二个宾语从句that 不能省略。

主句为I didn't know。or连接这两个宾语从句, 意为“也不(知道)”。I don't know ... or ... 这个句型译为“我不知道……, 也不知道……”。如:

I don't know where to go or what to do.我不知道去哪里也不知道干什么。

We believe (that) you are honest and that you've told us the truth.

我们相信你很老实,也相信你已告诉了我们实情。

Line 22: Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the heath of non-smokers.

Line 1: it is not easy to stop smoking, but millions have managed to quit and so can you.

neither/nor +be/助动词/情态动词, 表示否定的情况

so +be/助动词/情态动词,表示肯定的情况。

She doesn't like English, neither do I.

I have mastered the use of it, so have she.

注意:so+主语+助动词

I have finished all my homework, so have she.

---She finished all the homework yesterday.

---So she did.

我已经完成了作业,她也是。

---她昨天把所有的作业完成了。

---她确实都完成了。

Line 27: I knew it was time to quit smoking.

It is/was time (for sb) to do sth.

It is (high/about) time that sb. did/should do sth.

It is/was)the first (second…) time that sb. have/has done sth./had done sth.

It's time for us to study hard. 该是我们认真学习的时候了

It's high time that we studied/should study hard.

昨天晚上是我们第一次同学聚会。and I have got together. It's the first time that my classmates 11.strengthen

Practicing Kongfu strengthens our bodies.

We must strengthen our socialist construction.

We should strengthen the legal system.

He lifted the stone with all his strength.

The ability to keep calm is one of his many strengths.

Bill was doing a lot of physical exercises to build up his strength.

To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their strengths and weaknesses.

12.decide –decision

1.decide+名词/代词

The question will be decided by themselves.问题将由他们自己决定。

2.decide to do

Last week, a group of Class 3 students decided to go to the museum.

3.decide+从句

Let's first decide where we should go.

(=Let's first decide where to go.)

It is not decided whether we will go there.

It is decided that...:

It is decided that we should start tomorrow. (注:这种从句要用虚拟语气。)

4.跟介词短语(跟on或upon,表示“就某事做出决定”):

Don't decide on important matters too quickly.重要的事情不要匆忙做出决定。

make a decision

determine to do / be determined to do

make up one's mind (s) to do

13. feel like 想要, 只表示一次的想法, 后接动词-ing形式

e.g. It's so hot today. I feel like going swimming. 今天好热啊, 我想去游泳。

摸起来像……, 像是……

e.g. The material feels like silk

It feels like rain.

would like to do

e.g. I'd like to have dinner with you.

Line 6: Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. every time 在此句中引导时间状语,表示“每次…的时候”

Every time I go to see her, she is always busy working. 每次我去看她,她总是忙于工作。

下列用法均可做连词:

the first time 第一次…的时候

the moment/minute/instant/

immediately/instantly/directly 一….就….

every time=each time 每次…的时候

last time 上次

next time 下次

by the time到…为止

第一次见到他的时候,我就喜欢他了。I fell in love with him the first time I saw him.

The last time I saw her, she was working. 最后一次见到她的时候,她正在工作。

I always go too see my best friend immediately we have a holiday. 一放假,我总是去看我最好的朋友。

14.remind

remind sb of sth

remind sb to to

remind sb that…

e.g. The story reminded me of an experience I once lived.

You must remind him to take his medicine ,in case he forgets.

Please remind me that I must return the book before noon.

15.ashamed adj. feel sorry or embarrassed

e.g. She is ashamed to ask such a simple question.

相关短语:be ashamed of sb./ sth

be ashamed that…

be ashamed to do…

What a shame!

It's a shame (pity) that……….真是遗憾

16. in spite of 尽管, 虽然,不顾。后接名词(despite)

eg. She can't see very well in spite of her glasses. (despite)

尽管戴着眼镜她还是不能看得很清楚。

Despite (In spite of) the fact that we tried our best, we didn't win.

regardless of 不管,不顾,不理会

He says what he thinks and does what he wants to do, regardless of other people's feelings.

The law says everyone is equal, regardless of age, sex, or religion.

Though / Although / Even if

Even though it's hard work, I enjoy it.

Young as / though I am, I already know what career I want to follow.

17. get into陷于, 染上什么习惯

get into the habit of 养成什么习惯。

相当于fall into the habit of或者form the habit of

e.g. The girl has got into the habit of playing with her hair while reading. 那个女孩养成了阅读时玩弄头发的习惯。

短语联想:

get into trouble 惹上麻烦

get into debt 负债累累

get along / on with…

get away with…

get down…get in…

get off…get over…get through…

get together

18.at risk=in danger

take risks/ a risk

at the risk of 冒……的危险/风险

自担风险at your own risk

run the risk of 冒险(做某事)

risk doing

19.survival-survive-survivor

Of the four people in the car accident,only one survived.

Many customs have survived from earlier times.许多风俗习惯源源流长

The old lady has survived her husband.那老妇人的丈夫先她而去世了

He felt lucky to have survived the war.经历那场战争后能幸存下来他感到很幸运

20.possible, probable, likely 的用法

It's possible (for sb) to do

It's possible that…

It's probable that…

sth is probable

It's likely that….

主语+be likely to do

21.prejudice

pride and prejudice 傲慢与偏见

She has a prejudice against modern music. 她对现代音乐怀有偏见。

They accused him of having a prejudice against his women employees. 他们指责他歧视女雇员。

A new law has been brought in to discourage racial prejudice. 一项反对种族歧视的新法律已被提出。judgement-judge in one's judgement依…判断

judge..from / by依…判断

judging by / from…在句中作状语

In my judgement, he is guilty.

We can't judge a book by its cover.

Judging from his skin, he comes from Africa.

练习:Complete the sentences with words from the text.

1. Rice production has increased greatly in China over the last few years, largely _____ super

hybrid rice.

2. Having lived in Hawaii all his life, he was not __________ to the cold of Northern Europe.

due to

accustomed

3. He was _______ of his body so he decided to go on a diet and do more exercise.

4. In spite of her wounded leg, she ________to get up the stairs.

5. He told me the same story ____________ until I felt like screaming.

ashamed

managed

automatically

6. With exams only a week away, I am under a lot of _____.

7. When I __________ playing sport I become very fat and unhealthy.

8. ______ health is as important as physical health.

stress

quit/quitted

Mental

9. Now that I am ________ I eat a good diet because I want my baby to be born healthy.

10. __________ often take more risks than adults.

pregnant

Adolescents

Complete the text with words from below.

adolescents 青少年cigarettes 香烟

quit 停止, 戒drugs毒品

due to 归因于stress压力

eventually 终于alcohol酒

addicted 上瘾的manage管理, 努力做

Smoking ________, drinking ______ or taking other _____ produce many harmful effects and have no real benefits. So why do __________do it? Some because they believe it makes them look cool. Others think it will help with _____ in their life possibly _____ pressure from their parents or teachers.

alcohol

drugs

adolescents

stress

due to

cigarettes

Some just want to see what it is like. What they don't realize is that they will get into the habit and _________ become _______. It will then be difficult to ___ the habit. A few people _______ to quit easily but for many it is a very painful process. Of course, the best way to deal with these drugs is not to start in the first place.

eventually

addicted

quit

高中英语必修六知识点外研版

选修六Module 1 ⒈lack (1)Lack money/ experience/ time (2)Be lacking in (3)For lack of ①健康问题与不好的饮食习惯及缺乏锻炼有很大的关系。 Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise. ②大城市因为缺乏空间建起了越来越多的高层建筑。 More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space. ③由于缺乏睡眠,许多学生无法集中精力于学习上( 一句多译). Many students can’t concentrate on their studies for lack of sleep. Many students lack sleep, which makes it difficult for them to concentrate on their studies. Lacking sleep makes it difficult for many students to concentrate on their studies. Many students are lacking in sleep so that they can’t concentrate on their studies. ⒉advance Adj. 预先的在前的 预付款advance payment 提前做点某事do a little advance planning v.前进发展进步推动,将···提前 →advanced 先进的,高级的, advanced technology /society /courses n. in advance 提前、事先= ahead of time. ⒊In addition 此外,另外=besides, what’s more in addition to 除···之外= apart from// besides There’s a postage and packing fee in addition to the repair charge In addition , you need to know how long you should stay. Except //except for I cant take my holidays at any time except in August.

高中英语选修六重要知识点复习

Review of Book 6 高二英语选修6 重要知识点复习 I.Let?s review the phrases of book6. 从方框里选择短语并用正确的形式填空,每个短语只能够用一次(其中有多余的选项) burn to the ground, put up with, on the whole, result in , so long as, come about, in the distance, build up, focus on , scores of, a great deal of, manage to , be made up o f, translate …into, take it easy,, in spite of, in sorrow, take possession of, due to, decide on , be addicted to, get into, in the flesh, run out of, stand for, feel like, be accustomed to, convince…of, pay attention to, in the darkness, take a risk 1 the restaurant?s success was___ its new manage. 2 Could you tell me how many departments this university ____? 3 The man often returns from work very late and gets through the woods ___ by himself. 4The king tried to______ his men ____ his power by leading the great army. 5At the discussion, the farmers? argument____ whether their farmlands should be covered by the factory. 6Once you ___ surfing on the Internet, you will find it rather hard to give it up. 7Though humans have discovered____ oil and coal, they mustn?t waste energy like that. 8You can not legally____ the property until three weeks after the contract is signed. 9In mathematics, the letter “X” usually ______ an unknown figure. 10Hearing the sad news that the famous actor died of cancer, all his fans were deeply ______. 11“_______, young man” , the doctor said to Bill. “Let me examine you carefully. 12______ so many difficulties , we?ll do whatever we can to finish the task. 13It was so dry and hot in the desert and the travelers ______ the water they had. 14Without any guide leading them in the forest, the explorers soon____ trouble. 15I?m very hungry now and I _____ eating some food or fruit as soon as possible. 16Those young people would like to _____ so that they could find out whether there is a huge snake in the cave. 17Last week, we saw the man_______ who was said to have died in an accident and we know the news was not true. 18After a long heated discussion, the manager finally_______ taking the measures to encourage their stuff. 19A large number of young people who________ the comfortable life in the city would rather not return to the countryside. 20The popularity of private cars will_____ more serious air pollution and more traffic accidents. 21However, ________, I think I have been fortunate. 22With the Internet bridging people all over the world, great changes have________. 23A balanced diet and enough exercise can certainly_________ your health. 24The pay you get is so low in the company while your work is so hard-----how can you _________it? 25One can achieve his goal sooner or later_______ he is able to face the future with confidence and work hard at it. II.Words spelling. 单词拼写A: 1.They had to c______ tomorrow?s football match because of the bad weather. 2.He studied the German market to find the _______( 可能性) there for investment. 3.Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. ________( 不幸地), neither of them could swim. 4.The car club couldn?t ________(保证)to meet the demands of all its members. 5.Miss Lin made a very _________(印象深刻的) speech at the meeting. 6.American culture is u______ because it was formed and developed under special conditions. 7.The lecture was so long and dull that most audiences got b______ with it. 8._______(发抖) with fear, I made my way to the edge of the crater. 单词拼写B 1.The word “ honesty” is an a______ (抽象)noun. 2.There are many art g_____ (画廊)in New York. 3.I?m afraid I?ve never been much of a s______ (学者) 4.They are to put on an ______ (展览) of French paintings next week. 5.The prisoners a______ (尝试) to escape, but failed. 单词拼写C: 1.Some___________ (青少年) have got into the habit of taking drugs. 2.She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and _______(最后)work the Times. 3.The doors opened _______(自动地)as we approached. 4.He played the piano for a bit of __________ (放松) 5.It?s ________(不合法的)to park your car here. 6.He put forward a plan for improving the rate of_______(生产)。 7.So I did wrong thing! Well, nobody?s_______(完美的)。 8.A woman is ________(怀孕的)for nine months before a child is born. 9.In fact,_______(压力)isn?t so bad a thing as it is often supposed to be. 10.The man made a________(陈述)to the police. 单词填空D 1.T he __________(平均数)of 3,6 and 9 is 6 2.G as and coal are __________(燃料)。 3.W e had very little d_________(资料)on that subject.

(word完整版)高中英语选修六笔记

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选修6 Unit 1 Art 核心单词 1. faith n. 信任;信念;信心 常用结构: break one’s faith with sb. 对某人不守信用 keep faith with sb. 守信于某人 lose faith in 不再信任 have faith in 相信; 信任 in good/bad faith 真心诚意/虚情假意 After repeated failure, he lost faith in himself.不断的失败之后,他对自己失去了信心。 Faith can remove mountains. 信仰能移山。 Never break faith, or you will lose all your friends. 不要背信弃义,否则你将失去所有的朋友。 2. aim n. 目标;目的 vi.&vt. 瞄准;(向某方向)努力 What is your aim in life?你生活的目标是什么? 常用结构: take aim (at) 瞄准…… aim at 向……瞄准;旨在,针对 aim high 胸怀大志;心气很高 He aimed the gun at the enemy officer.他用枪瞄准了敌人的军官。 Our factory must aim at developing new models of machines.我们的工厂必须致力于研制新型机械。 3. consequently adv.&conj. 所以,因而(=therefore) Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently he knows very little about it. 福斯特先生从未去过中国,所以对中国了解得很少。 联想拓展 be consequent on/upon 因……引起的; consequence n. 后果;结果;重要性 be of consequence 重要的 as a consequence=as a result 结果 in consequence 由于 as a consequence of=as a result of作为……的结果 in consequence of 由于;作为……的结果 He is a man of great consequence. 他是一个重要的人物。 4. possession n. (尤作复数)所有;财产 常用结构: in possession of sth.拥有/占有某物 in the possession of/in one’s possession 被……拥有 take/gain/get/have possession of sth.拥有某物 When his father died, he came into possession of a large fortune. 父亲死后,他拥有了一大笔遗产。 The people had to gather up their few possessions and escape from the hills. 人们不得不收拾仅有的财产,逃下山去。联想拓展 possess vt. 拥有;具有;支配 5. concentrate

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高中英语必修6知识梳理 Unit 1 Art 重点单词:abstract 抽象sculpture雕塑gallery画廊faith信念faithfully忠实地conventional 常规typical 典型的evident 明显的adopt采纳possess拥有possession 财产superb 杰出的technique 技术coincidence 巧合shadow 阴影ridiculous 荒谬的controversial有争议的attempt 企图predict预测specific 确切的figure身材,数字clay黏土marble 大理石carve 雕刻delicate 脆弱的allergic 过敏性的exhibition 展览aggressive敢作敢为的scholar 学者flesh 肉体geometry几何学bunch串Avenue大街preference 喜爱,偏爱appeal 有感染力,呼吁,将_上诉reputation 名声civilization 文明visual 视觉的fragrant香的, contemporary 当代的permanent永久的district区域committee 委员会signature 签字 重点短语:1,concentrate on 集中精力于 2. as well as与…一样好,也,还, 3. by coincidence偶然4,a great deal of 大量(后接不可数名词) 5 lead to 导致6,break away from 摆脱7,scores of大量的(后接可数名词) 8 on the other hand 另一方面9,rather than 与其…宁愿10,refer to 提及,指的是,查阅11, in possession of 占(拥有12 in the flesh 亲自/本人13,appeal to 有吸引力14,be allergic to sth 对某物过敏15,more than 多于,不仅仅16,lie in 在于17, be worth doing值得做(表被动)18, all the time 总是,始终19, every two years 每两年或每隔一年20, at the moment此时此刻 重点句子: 1,Would you rather have Chinese or Western –style paintings in your home? 2,Would rather do sth than do sth else 3,If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. 4,Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. 5,It is amazing that so many great works of art from the late 19th century to the 21st century are housed in the same museum.. 6,Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who live and worked in Paris. 7,People say that the art exhibition is worth seeing. 8,The best way to see the paintings is to start from the top floor and walk down to the bottom 9,What do they do to make Susan happy? 语法:一,虚拟语气在IF条件句中的用法: 情况形式从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式 表现在情况动词的过去式(be →were Would (should, could, might )+动词原形 表过去情况动词的过去完成(had+P.P)Would (should, could, might )+have+P.P 表未来情况1,动词地过去式 2,Should+动词原形would (should ,could ,might )+ 动词原形

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