大学英语 短文改错练习及答案

Language learning begins with listening. Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do after they start speaking,

1.________and the late starters are often long listeners. Most children will "obey" spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word obey is hardly accurate like a discrption of the eager and

2._____delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will ask questions in gesture and by making

3._____ questioning noises. Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words lead to considerable

4._____ difficulties. It is agree that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noise sort themselves out as

5.____ particular indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since

6.___ these can be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can

7._____ hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, from

8.______ about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire. This self-imitation leads on to deliberate imitation of sounds making or words spoken to

9.______ them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point which one 10._____ can say that these imitation can be considered as speech.

1. after -> before

根据上下文逻辑，此处显然指孩子学会说话之前的听力，而非之后。

2.like -> as

like和as都有“像”的意思，但是此处要求填入一个具有“作为”之意的词，故将like改为as

3.in -> by

4. lead -> leads

此处句子的主语是上一行的attempt，所以要用动词的第三人称形式。

5.noise -> noises

One or two 后修饰的名词按复数对待。

6. particular -> particularly

修饰形容词indicative应该使用副词particularly。

7. can be said -> can not be said

8. from前加that

it是句子的形式主语，而后面的from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment才是真正的主语，too是插入语，由于是主语从句，故引导词that不能省略。

9. making -> made

此处指“发出的声音和说的话”，sound与make之间是被动关系。

10. which前加at

定语从句的关系代词指代先行词point，可知从句中缺少的时状语，因此在which前加at。

A “typical”British family used to consist of mother, father and two children, and in recent years there have been many changes in family 1.____ life. Some of these have been caused by new laws and other 2. _____ are the result of changes in society. For example, for the law 3.___ made easier to get a divorce, the number of divorces has increased. 4. ______ In fact, one marriage in every three now end in divorce. This means that 5. ______ there are a lot of one-parent families. Society is now more tolerant than it used to be with unmarried people, unmarried couples and single parents. 6._____ Another change has been caused by the fact people are living longer 7. ____ nowadays, and many old people lives alone following the death of their partners. As a cause of these changes in the pattern of people’s lives, there 8.____ are many families consist of only one person or one person and children. .9._____ You might think that marriage and the families are not so popular as they once are. However, the majority of divorced people marry again and they 10._____ sometimes take responsibility for a second family.

1. and -> but

根据上下文，此处应为转折关系

2. other -> others

这里是some….others的固定用法。

3. for -> since

for和since都可以表示“因为”，但是for表示原因引导得从句一般放在句末，所以在此处不对

4. made -> made it

句子主语是law，位于是made，easier是宾语补足语，逻辑宾语是easier后面的to get a divorce，可见此句缺少形式宾语it。

5. end -> ends

主语one marriage in every three 是单数，故谓语动词也要用单数。

6. with -> of

形容词tolerant后面只能用of。还原原句为Society is now more tolerant than it used to be ( tolerant) of unmarried people。

7. the fact -> the fact that

fact之后的部分是同位语从句，补充说明fact

8. cause -> result

s a cause of意为“作为…的原因”，as a result of意为“作为…的结果”，根据上下文语义，应该用后者。

9. consist -> consisting或consist前加which或that

句子结构混乱。简单句中不能同时出现两个谓语动词。

10.are -> were

There are many reasons for studying what philosophers have said in the past. One is that we cannot divide the history of philosophy 1.____ from which of science. Philosophy is large discussion about matters 2.______ in which few people are quite certain, and those few hold opposite 3.______ opinions. As knowledge increases, philosophy buds off the sciences. For example, in the ancient world and the Middle Ages philosophers discuss motion. Aristole and St. Thomas Aquinas thought that a 4.______ move body would slow down unless a force were constantly applied to it 5.____ They were right. It goes on moving unless something slows it down. But 6.____ they had good arguments on their side, and if we study these and the experiments proved them right, this will help us distinguish truth 7.____ from false in the scientific controversies of today. We also see how philosophers reflects social life of his day. Plato and Aristole, in the slave-owning society of ancient Greece，thought man’s high state 8._____ was contemplation rather than activity. In the Middle Ages St. Thomas believed a regularly feudal system of nine ranks of angels. Herbert 9.______ Spencer, in the time of free competition between capitalists, found the key to progress as the survival of the fittest. Thus Marxism is seeing to fit into 10.___ its place as the philosophy for the workers, the only class with a future.

1. divide -> separate

divide的意思是“分开”，用法为divide into;separate的意思是“分开”，用法是separate from。此句后面又介词from，故要用separate。

2.which -> that

此处并非任何从句，而应使用代词指代上文的history，故用that，which没有这种用法。

3.in -> about

be certain 后面只能用介词about，此处是把这个代词提到了定语从句关系代词which的前面而已，故将in 改成about。

4. discuss -> discussed

此句的时间状语是in the ancient world and the Middle Ages，所以谓语用一般过去时。

5.move -> moving

此处用来修饰名词body，应该使用现在分词作形容词，表示正在进行的、主动的动作。

6. right -> wrong

根据上下文，这里说中世纪的很多科学家对于运动的观点都是错误的，其后还进一步说明错在哪里。

7. experiments后加which或that

proved及其后部分应该是用来修饰experiments的定语从句，但是缺少从句的关系代词和主语。关系代词在定语从句中作主语不能省略。

8. high -> highest

词处指人类的最高境界。

9. regularly -> regular

此处的regular和feudal并列修饰system。

10. seeing -> seen

Americans love pets. And it’s not just puppy love, either. Many pet owners treat their furry friends as part of the family. Sometimes they spice up their pets’living with entertaining videos and amusing toys. If they 1._____ have an eye with fashion, pet owners can dress their pets in stylish clothes. 2._____ Beneath the fluffy luxuries, there lies a basic American belief: Pets have a right to be treated well. At least 75 animal welfare organizations exist in America, which provides care and adoption services for homeless 3.______ and abused animals. Veterinarians can give animals incredible level of 4. _______ medical care for an incredible price. To pay for the high-tech health care, people can buy health insurance for their pets. And when it is time to say good-bye, owners can bury their pets in a respectful pet cemetery.

5.______ The average American enjoys having pets around, and for good reason. Researchers have discovered that interacting with animals lower a

6.______ person’s blood pressure. Dogs can offer protection from burglars and unwelcome visitor. Cats can help rid the home of unwanted pests. Little

7._____ creature of all shapes and sizes can provide companionship and love. In

8._______ many cases, have a pet prepares a young couple with responsibilities of

9. _______ parenthood. Pet even encourage social relationships: They give their owners an appearance of friendly, and they provide a good topic of conversation. 10.______

1.living -> lives

living意为“生存”，根据句意，这里应该此处指宠物们的丰富多彩的生活，故用life的复数lives。

2.with -> for

have an eye for 是固定搭配，意为“很能见赏，很能看出”。

3.provide -> provides

该定语从句的先行词是organizations，故从句的谓语要用复数。

4. incredible level -> an incredible level

level是单数可数名词，应该在之前加上不定冠词。

5. respectful -> respectable

respectful意为“尊敬的”，respectable意为“值得尊敬的，体面的”。此处句意是“主人把自己的宠物埋葬在体面的宠物墓地中”，因此使用respectable。

6.lower -> lowers

本句得主语是interacting with animals，谓语是lower。动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。

7.visitors

8.creature -> creatures

由定语of all shapes and sizes可以推出被修饰的词应该是复数。

9. have -> having

简单句不能有两个独立的主谓结构，而此处的have a pet要做句子的主语，故应该使用动名词形式。

10.friendly -> friendliness

of是介词，后面要跟名词。

If you smoke and you still don’t believe that there’s a definite link between smoke and troubles, heart disease and lung cancer, 1. _____ and you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you 2.___ with hypocrisy. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of 3.______ wishful thinking. This needn’t make you too uncomfortable because you are in a good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is 4.___ raised, the governments of most countries hear no evil, see no evil and smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governments have not taken timid 5.______ measures. In Britain for instance, cigarette advertising has been banned on television. The conscience of the nation is appeased, while the population continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerous death. You don’t have to look very far to find out that the official reactions 6._____ to medical findings have been so lukewarm. The answer is simple money. 7._______ Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax. It’s almost like a tax on our daily bread. In tax revenue lonely, the government of Britain 8.______ collect enough from smokers to pay for its entirely educational facilities. 9._____ So while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivably, harmful, it doesn’t do to shout too loudly about it. 10.______

1.smoke -> smoking

smoke作名词时意为“烟雾”，作动词时意为“吸烟”。此处指吸烟和肺部疾病的关系

故使用smoking。

2.and -> / 或and -> then

and是并列连词，连接两个对称的分句。但此处前面是条件状语从句，不对称，故应该去掉and或将and改为then，使后面变成主句

3.with -> of

accuse sb of sth 意为“为….而控告或谴责某人”，不能使用介词with

4.a -> /

此处显然不是“在一家好公司”( in a good company)的意思，而是说“有人和你作伴”(in good company)。此处的company意为“陪伴”，抽象名词，前面不用冠祠。

5.not -> /

逻辑错误

6.that -> why

此处的意思是要找到“为什么官方对医学发现应冷淡”。

7.simple -> simply

这里的句意是“答案仅仅是钱”，故使用副词simply。simple的意思是“简单”。

8.lonely -> alone

lonely意为“孤独”的，alone意为“单独，一个”，此处意为“单税收一项”，故用alone

9.collect -> collects

本句的主语是the government of Britain ，是单数，所以谓语collect也要用单数。

10.harmful前加be

本句的conceivably 是插入语，如果不看它的话，就很容易看出这个句子缺少了系动词be

Culture refers to the social heritage of a people --- the learned patterns for thinking, feeling and acting that characterize a population or society, include the expression of these pattems in ___1____ material things. Culture is compose of nonmaterial culture --- ____2____ abstract creations like values, beliefs, customs and institutional arrangements - and material culture - physical object like ____3____ cooking pots, computers and bathtubs. In sum, culture reflects both the ideas we share or everything we make. In ordinary ____4____ speech, a person of culture is the individual can speak another ____5____ language - the person who is unfamiliar with the arts, music, ____6____ literature, philosophy, or

history. But to sociologists, to be human is to be cultured, because of culture is the common world ___7____ of experience we share with other members of our group. Culture is essentially to our humanness. It provides a kind ____8____ of map for relating to others. Consider how you fred your way about social life. How do you know how to act in a classroom, or a department store, or toward a person who smiles or laugh ____9____ at you? Your culture supplies you by broad, standardized, ____10____ ready-made answers for dealing with each of these situations. Therefore, if we know a person's culture, we can understand and even predict a good deal of his behavior.

1. include -> including

2. compose -> composed / comprised

此出的意思是“由…组成”，固定搭配有be composed / comprised of，be made up of，consist of。

3. object -> objects

Object是可是名词，一般说来可数名词以单数形式出现时要有不定代词或冠词修饰，而在此没有任何冠词，而且上下文对应的均使用了复数形式，所以应该把object改为复数。

4. or -> and

此处是固定搭配both…and…。

5. individual后加who / that

这句话出现了两个谓语动词，在英语中不符合语法规范。从上下文可以看出individual后面的部分是修饰individual的定语从句，缺少了引导词，所以应该加上who或that。

6. unfamiliar -> familiar

根据常识，“文化人”应该是“熟悉艺术、音乐…”的人，因此把否定改为肯定。

7. of -> /

表示原因时，because后跟从句，because of后跟名词性质的词或词组。此处是从句，所以把of去掉。

8. essentially -> essential

be后面的表语不能用副词。

9. laugh -> laughs

此处的smile和laugh是并列成分，作定语从句修饰person，又因为先行词person是单数，所以从句的谓语也要用单数。

10. by -> with

此处是固定搭配supply sb with sth

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