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历年专八短文改错试题

历年专八短文改错试题
历年专八短文改错试题

历年专八短文改错试题

2014年英语专八改错真题答案

There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.

There is a high level of agreement that the following questions ( a 前面加also) have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (possessed 改为captured) Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the

same sense one acquires a first language? (one前面加as ) What is the explanation for the fact adults have (fact后面加that) more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have? What motivates peopl e to acquire additional languages?

What is the role of the language teaching in the (language前面去掉the) acquisition of an additional language?

What socio-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the learning of additional languages? From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (去掉the) the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one thing in common: T he perspective adopted to view the acquiring

of an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (attempts改为attempting) so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additional language, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (or 改为and) focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an individual. That is, t he spotlight is on what mental capabilities are

involving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (involving改为involved) or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in the

classroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (touch改为contact) 2013英语专八改错真题答案

Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processes involved in langu age. Psycholinguistics study understanding,

production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____ listening, rea ding, speaking, writing, and memory for language.

One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______ happens so effort lessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______ Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______ you normally cannot help but understand it. It is o nly in exceptional

circumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______

involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it;

if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6) ______ their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if (7) ______ we try to learn a second language ours elves as an adult; or if we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meet

anyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8) ______ of what might be calle d “language in exceptional circumstances”

reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking, (9) ______ listening, writing an d reading. But given that language processes

were normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10) ______ experiments to g

et at what is happening.

1. production改成producing

2. 去掉the

3. 去掉accurately前面的so

4. looking改为look

5. we前面加that

6. 去掉colleague后面的has

7. their改成his

8. anyone改成 pure老师someone 9. evolved改成involved 10. were改成are

2012年专八真题改错部分

The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. Thearg ument has been going since at least the first (1) ______ century B.C. Up to the begin ning of the 19th century, many writers

favoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______ sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______ the manner. This is th e often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______ wanted the truth to be read and un derstood. Then in the turn of 19th (5) _______ century, when the study of cultural anthropol ogy suggested that

the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______ was entirely th e product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______ gained some currency, a nd with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______ literal as possible. This view cul minated the statement of the (9) _______ extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladi mir Nobokov. The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the nature of the rea dership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Toooften, writer, translator and reader were impl icitly identified with

each other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____ 参考答案: 1. going后加on 2. certain改为a certain 3. rather改为not 4. is 改为was 5. in 改为 at 6. 去掉第二个the 7. view后面加that 8. 去掉 was

9. culminated后面加in 10. and 改为but

2011年专八真题改错部分

From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew

that when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about 1__________ seventeen a nd twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so

with the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2___________ soon or lat er I should have to settle down and write books. 3___________ I was the child of thre e, but there was a gap of five years 4__________ on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed disagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_____________ schoolda ys. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and

holding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from 6_________ the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7________ being isolated and undervalue d. I knew that I had a facility with words

and a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8________ a sort of privat e world which I could get my own back for my failure 9________ in everyday life. Therefore, th e volume of serious — i.e. seriously 10________ intended — writing which I produced all throu gh my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at

the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.

1.在grow后加up, 考固定短语

2. 改consience为consciousness 考词语区别,consience翻译为“良心,道德心”, consiousness 翻译为“意识”

3.改soon为sooner,sooner or later是固定短语

4. 在child前加middle, 考上下文理解。作者是三个孩子句中的那位

5 。改disagreeing 为disagreeable ,disagreeing只能作动名词,不能作形容词。disagreeable mannernisms 令人讨厌的习惯

6.改imaginative为imaginary, 考词语区别 imaginative翻译为“有想象力的”,imaginary翻译为“想象的,虚构的”

7. 改literal 为literary , 考词义区别, literal翻译为“字面的”,literary 翻译为“文学方面的” 8.去掉face后的in,face接宾语时是及物动词。考动词的基本用法 9.在world后加in或者改which为where, 考定语从句 10.改Therefore为However或者Nevertheness, 考语境。

感悟:11专八改错相对前几年专八改错要简单一点。本人认为词义区别考得过多了。2010年专八真题改错部分

So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally

complete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is,

every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say 1________________ the thi ngs their speakers want to say. 2________________ There may or m ay not be appropriate to talk about primitive 3________________ peoples or cultures, b ut that is another matter. Certainly, not all groups of people are equally competent in nuclear ph ysics or

psychology or the cultivation of rice . Whereas this is not the 4_____________ fault of the ir language. The Eskimos , it is said, can speak about

snow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in 5______________ English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of those sometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inh erently more precise and

subtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect 6______________ in English , a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position is

simply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar 7____________ environme nts. The English language will be just as rich in terms 8____________ for different kinds of sn ow, presumably, if the environments in which

Englishwas habitually used made such distinction as important. 9_____________ Similarly , we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be as precise and subtle on the sub ject of motor manufacture

or cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life. 10____________

1 .be后插入 as; as…as引导的比较级

2 .their改为its; its代替every language

3 .There改为It; It此处作为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式

4 .Whereas改为But ;语境需要表示转折的连词,whereas表示对比 5. further 改为much further不能修饰比较级 6 .come改为bring; (sth)come to light , bring sth to light

bring to light the defect of English =bring the defect of english to light 揭示英语的缺陷 7. similar改为different; 根据语境应该用different 8. will改为would; 虚拟语气 9 .as important去掉as;

10 t.he part去掉the或者改the为a be/become/form (a) part of 是固定短语

09专八改错原题

The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes

from one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)___________ bet ween school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse, learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the (2)___________ little listener has grown up, and has childre n of their own, or even (3)____________ grandchildren. The period between learning a nu rsery rhyme and

transmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years. With (4)_____________ the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed (5)___________ on within the very hour it is learnt; and in the general, it passes (6)_____________ between childr en of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the difference in age between playmat es to be more than five years. If ,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have been

currently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it (7)__________ has been retransmitted over and over; very possibly it has passed (8)___________ along a chain of t wo or three hundred young hearers and tellers, and

the wonder is that it remains live after so much handling, (9)____________ to let al one that it bears resemblance to the (10)____________

答案分析:

(1) the further difference改为a further difference(此次应该用不定冠词表示泛指) (2) 改when 为until, 结构not...until翻译为“直到……才”

(3)their改为his(代词与前文 a little listener在单复数上保持一致) (4)something 改为anything 此处指二十到七十的任何时段 (5)therefore改为however (根据上下文逻辑关系)(6) in the general去掉the (习惯用法in general 表示总的来说,一般不用冠词) (7) currently 改为current (这里起的是表语的作用,需要形容词而不是副词) (8) it has passed改为 it has been passed (与分号前的被动保持一致)

(9) live 改为 alive alive翻译为“鲜活的”,一般作补语;live翻译为“现场转播的;活的”,一般作定语 (10) to let alone改为 let alone (let alone 为习惯搭配,意思是“更不用说

2008年专八真题短文改错

The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is a

very natural one, and in result language has played a prominent ____1____ part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate ____2____ a given language to show that t hey are distinctive from another ____3____ race whose hegemony they resent. At the time the United States ____4____ split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals that independence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a ____5____ different languag e from those of Britain. There was even one ____6____ proposal that Americans should ad opt Hebrew. Others favoured the adoption of Greek, though, as one man put it, things would certainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English ____7____ and made the Britis h learn Greek. At the end, as everyone ____8____ knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactory

solution of carrying with the same language as before. ____9____ Since nearly two hun dred years now, they have shown the world ____10____ that political independence and natio nal identity can be complete without sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common l anguage.

1. in result 改成in consequence, 2 moves改成movements.

3. distinctive改成distinct或different 4 .在time后加when

5 .accepted 改成realized 6. those改成that 7. 删除on, 8 .At 改成In

9 carrying with 改成 carrying on with 10 .now改成 ago

07专八真题短文改错

From what has been said, it must be clear that no one can make very positive statements about how language originated.

There is no material in any language today and in the earliest 1__________ records of ancien t languages show us language in a new and 2__________ emerging state. It is often said, of course, that the language 3_________ originated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, a nd the 4__________ necessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remote tribes, no ancient records, providing evidence of

a language with a large proportion of such cries 5__________ than we find in English. It is t rue that the absence

of such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in 6__________ other grounds too the theory is not very attractive.

People of all races and languages make rather similar

noises in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that 7___________ such noises are similar on the lips of Frenchmen

and Malaysians whose languages are utterly different,

serves to emphasize on the fundamental difference 8___________ between these noises a nd language proper. We may say that the cries of pain or chortles of amusement

are largely reflex actions, instinctive to large extent, 9____________ whereas language p roper does not consist of signs

but of these that have to be learnt and that are 10___________ wholly conventional.

1, 改and为or, any languagages today or recordsof ancient languages 是并列成分,在否定句中用or 2, 改show为showing, 现在分词作定语 3,删除the, 表示泛指

4,改and为but, 根据语境此处是转折

5,改 large为larger, 后面有than, 应该用比较级

6,改in为on, on other grounds “基于其它理由”,为固定搭配 7,改return为response , in response to “对……作出反应” 8,删除on, emphasize sth emphasize是及物动词

9,在large前加a, extent 是可数名词,前面要加冠词。 "to a large extent"翻译为“在很大程度上”10,改 these为 those those that/who为固定形式

2006专八短文改错

We use language primarily as a means of communication with

other human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which we

live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as 1_______ to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular 2_______ message: the English sp eaker has in his disposal vocabulary and a 3_______ set of grammatical rules which enable s him to communicate his 4_______ thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the ot her English 5_______ speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses acti ve- ly and that which he recognises, increases in size as he grows

old as a result of education and experience. 6_________ But, whether t

he language store is relatively small or large, the system remains no more than a psychological r eality for the individual, unless

he has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another 7_________ member of his linguistic community; he bas to give the system a

concrete transmission form. We take it for granted the two most 8____________ common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by our

vocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are 9_____________ among most striking of human achievements. 10____________ 1, 改agreeing为agreed agreed conventions翻译为“习俗” 2,words前加the, 此处为特指

3,改in为at at one’s disposal为固定短语,翻译为“由某人做主”

4,改enables为enable,定语从句与先行词vocabulary and a set of grammatical rules保持一致 5,删除the, 此处需要泛指

6,改 old为older, 此处需要比较级

7,改seen为understood,system应该是被理解 8.,删除it take sth for granted take it for granted that… 9, 改 or为and ,语境需要并列关系而不需选择关系 10, most前加the, 形容词最高级中that一般不能省略

2005年专八真题短文改错 The University as Busines

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,

very low rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because

of a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common 1 ________ st ock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes

its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the 2 _________ o utlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of 3 ___________ business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty 4__________ increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being

in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in 5 __________ g raduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one's job prospects, 6 ___________ the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education, in order to make on eself more marketable.

The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students 7 ___________ include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students

a governance role, and eliminate required courses. 8 _________ Sky -high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as

customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the 9 ___________ rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of the athletes whom th ey recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the best athletes now often bypass higher e ducation in order to obtain salaries earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the best stu dents, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purely

of need-just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on their best 10 ____________ customer.

1. investing应改为invested,过去分词作定语

2. 在irrespective和fluctuations之间加上介词of。irrespectiveOf是一固定用法,意指“不论,

不管,不顾,”等,此处指公司不顾收入的波动变化。 3. 把those改为that, that此处代替outlook

4.在fact和economic之间力口上关系代词that。这是一个同位语从语,that在同位语从句中是不能省略的.

5.把定冠词the去掉, in school表示上学这个抽象意义 6.把形容词poor改为其比较级poorer。这句中的poor与后面的more形成一对比较关系,表示“越……越……”

7.在ways和which之间加上一个介词in。 8.这里应该用动词的—lng形式,即eliminating,以便使句型结构与前面的giving(students a governance role)保持一致,否则句子结构和意思都显得不正确。

9.将shorten(缩短;使变短)改为reduce/lesson/weaken。此处属于用词不当。

10.将to give discounts on改为to give discounts to their best customer。意为实业公司给最好的客户提供优惠。 Give discounts to sb为固定短语

1.在set 后加up, set up“建立、成立”是固定短语

2.答案:consisted → consisting/composed

3.答案:in → on

【详细解答】固定搭配on ...occasions 4.答案 rely后加on

【详细解答】固定搭配rely on sb. to do something 5.答案:make out → make

【详细解答】make out 意思是“辨认出”,而此处意思是“对...做详细的研究”,故用

“make detailed studies of...”即可。 6.答案:its → their

【详细解答】此处指代的是“investigations”, 故用复数。 7.答案: public → the public 【详细解答】the +adj. 可表示某一类人,此处意思是“面向公众”,故应用“the public”。 8.答案:nevertheless → therefore/ thus

【详细解答】此处不是表示意思的转折,而是与前文构成因果关系,故可改为therefore 或thus。 9.答案:interests → interest

【详细解答】此处看成不可数名词为佳 10.答案:these → those

【详细解答】those 指代witnesses , 即指代名词复数做定语从句的先行词,而these不行 2003改错

1. 答案: height→high, high 作为名词翻译为“最高水平”,又如reach an all-time high 2.答案:删除a

【详细解答】此处steady decline指稳定下降的行为、过程而不是其结果,为不可数名词,故应去掉定冠词a。

3.答案:went后加on

【详细解答】 go on为固定搭配,意为“持续”。 4.答案:high→higher

【详细解答】后面有than,此处应为比较级。 5.答案:Europe→European

【详细解答】根据上下文,此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词counterparts。 6.答案: more 【详细解答】由上下文可知,more与equally矛盾,故应去掉。 7.答案:nevertheless→also

【详细解答】由上下文可知,此处讲的内容与前部分内容之间为递进关系,而非转折关系。 8.答案: that→those

【详细解答】由上下文可知,此处所指代的应为前面复数形式的marriages,故指示代词也应该用复数形式。

9.答案: Since→Although(或While)

【详细解答】从逻辑上讲,此处应表达让步关系,而非因果关系。 10.答案:in→to 【详

细解答】 to...extent为固定搭配,意为“到……程度”

1、答案: as→so

此处不是比较,so 翻译为“如此” 2.答案:increasing→increasingly

【详细解答】 increasing可用来修饰名词,表示“正在增加”,修饰名词topic不合题意。本句中应该用副词作状语修饰形容词favorite,所以应该改用副词increasingly。 3.答案:so →but

【详细解答】根据上下文判断,小麦价格在秋天不断下降,但是农民不能等着市场提升价格。这里应该是转折关系,而不是因果关系。 4.答案:soon或shortly

【详细解答】要表达“不久以后”,要么用soon after,要么用shortly after,就是没有soo n shortly after这种搭配。

5.答案:rich→richer

【详细解答】根据上下文,这里是说由于价格上涨,投机商们变得更加富有,故应该改用形容词的比较级形式。

6.答案:asked后加for

【详细解答】ask for为固定搭配,意为“要求,请求”。 7.答案:involving→involved 【详细解答】be involved in为一固定搭配,意为“被卷入…”,这里的be为连系动词,可用 become替换。

8.答案:1ife→living

【详细解答】根据上下文,这里要表达的意思是“生活费用”,应为living costs。life则意为“生命”,不能修饰costs。

9.答案:删除with

【详细解答】handle为及物动词,应直接带宾语。

10.答案:total→full

【详细解答】total意为“总体的,全体的”,指一种整体的概念。而这里要表达的是“全部的权威”,英语中常用full authority。

1.答案:删除seem后的the

【详细解答】本句中的most为副词,不是最高级形式,故不用定冠词the。翻译为“极其” 2.答案:but→and

【详细解答】根据文章内容判断,but后面的陈述与前文并不是相反之意,而是并列关系。 3.答案:in→to

【详细解答】as opposed to为固定搭配,意为“与……对照,与……相比”。 4.答案:misled →misleading 【详细解答】根据句意,这里的方式(way)是对他人有误导,不是被他人误导。所以应该用m islead的现在分词表示主动的含义。 5.答案:away

【详细解答】far away from意为“距离某处很远”,而far from being则意为“远不是,远够不上”。根据上下文,这里是说“远非毫无意义”,故应该用短语far from being。 6.答案:single→only

【详细解答】此处用only修饰vehicle比用single更符合习惯用法。 7.答案:as→in

【详细解答】本句中的介词in表示“在……方面”,as则无此意。 8.答案:mean→means 【详细解答】by no means为固定搭配,意为“丝毫不,绝不”。 9.答案:have后加such

【详细解答】such …as是常见表达方式,用来举例说明。10.答案:number改为deal/amount当我被上帝造出来时,上帝问我想在人间当一个怎样的人,我不假思索的说,我要做一个伟大的世人皆知的人。于是,我降临在了人间。

我出生在一个官僚知识分子之家,父亲在朝中做官,精读诗书,母亲知书答礼,温柔体贴,父母给我去了一个好听的名字:李清照。

小时侯,受父母影响的我饱读诗书,聪明伶俐,在朝中享有“神童”的称号。小时候的我天真活泼,才思敏捷,小河畔,花丛边撒满了我的诗我的笑,无可置疑,小时侯的我快乐无虑。

“兴尽晚回舟,误入藕花深处。争渡,争渡,惊起一滩鸥鹭。”青春的我如同一只小鸟,自由自在,没有约束,少女纯净的心灵常在朝阳小,流水也被自然洗礼,纤细的手指拈一束花,轻抛入水,随波荡漾,发髻上沾着晶莹的露水,双脚任水流轻抚。身影轻飘而过,留下一阵清风。

可是晚年的我却生活在一片黑暗之中,家庭的衰败,社会的改变,消磨着我那柔弱的心。我几乎对生活绝望,每天在痛苦中消磨时光,一切都好象是灰暗的。“寻寻觅觅冷冷清清凄凄惨惨戚戚”这千古叠词句就是我当时心情的写照。

最后,香消玉殒,我在痛苦和哀怨中凄凉的死去。

在天堂里,我又见到了上帝。上帝问我过的怎么样,我摇摇头又点点头,我的一生有欢乐也有坎坷,有笑声也有泪水,有鼎盛也有衰落。我始终无法客观的评价我的一生。我原以为做一个着名的人,一生应该是被欢乐荣誉所包围,可我发现我错了。于是在下一轮回中,我选择做一个平凡的人。

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天儿蓝蓝风儿轻轻,暖和的春风带着春的气息吹进明亮的教室,我坐在教室的窗前,望着我拥有的一切,我甜甜的笑了。我拿起手中的笔,不禁想起曾经作诗的李清照,我虽然没有横溢的才华,但我还是拿起手中的笔,用最朴实的语言,写下了一时的感受:

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我阅读,故我美丽;我思考,故我存在。我从内心深处真切地感到:我从读书中受到了教益。当看见有些同学宁可买玩具亦不肯买书时,我便想到培根所说的话:“世界上最庸俗的人是不读书的人,最吝啬的人是不买书的人,最可怜的人是与书无缘的人。”许许多多的作家、伟人都十分喜欢看书,例如毛泽东主席,他半边床上都是书,一读起书来便进入忘我的境界。

书是我生活中的好朋友,是我人生道路上的航标,读书,读好书,是我无怨无悔的追求。

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