极好的 定语从句 专项讲解

定语从句: 是指在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”.

1. 引导定语从句的关系代词

主语宾语定语

先行词成

分

指人Who /that whom /that

Whose(of whom)

Whose (of which)

指物Which /that Which /that

指人和物 that that whose

2.引导定语从句的关系副词

关系副词When=on(in,during…)which where=on(in,in front of…)which

Why=for which

考点一: that 与which 的区别

Which 指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语.作宾语时,可省略.

These are the trees which were planted last year.

That 指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语.作宾语时,可省略.

He is the man (that) I told you about.

共同点That和which都可以指物,均可在句中作主语和宾语.作宾语时均可省略,在很多场合中可以互换.

The movie (which) I watched last week made me cry.

The movie (that) I watched last week made me cry.

差别在一些较为特殊的场合中,which和that又具有各自的用法,不能混用.

只能用which的情况

1. 关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时,一般用which,不用that.

★（2011全国卷II第7题）Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ____ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. A. this B. that C. what D. which

★（10四川卷第10题）After graduating from college, I took some time off to go traveling, ______ turned out to be a wise decision.

A.that

B.which

C.when

D.where

②当关系代词前有介词,即介词提前时,指人只用whom, 指物只用which,不用that.

★（2011浙江卷第8题）English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ____ uses it somewhat differently.

A. which

B. what

C. them

D. those

★（10浙江第3题）The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of ______left their village homes for a better life in the city.

A.whom

B.which

C.them

D.those

小结: 当主句中的先行词指物时,究竟是使用which还是that须根据具体情况而定.在大多数情况下,二者可以互换.但是在少数特殊情况下,它们有各自不同的用法,不能混淆使用.Which 和that的辨析是常见考点,需要多加注意.

2. 关系代词前有介词时(介词提前) .指人只用whom, 指物只用which

This is the boy with whom he talked. This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.

考点２如何判断介词

1).看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配

He is the only person ______ whom I can turn for help.

2).看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配

He referred me to some reference books ______ which I am not very familiar.

3).根据先行词判断,所用的介词与先行词搭配

This is our classroom , _____which there is a teacher’s desk.

考点3 Whose 的使用

whose 引导的定语从句表示所属关系

The river _________ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.

In this class there are 20 students, ______ are different.

A.whose backgrounds

B. The backgrounds of whom

C.of whom the backgrounds

D.the backgrounds of whose

考点4 as 的使用

1.as引导限制性定语从句

This is the same book as I lost.

I never heard such stories as he tells.

2.as 引导非限制性定语从句

The earth is round,___ we all know.

___ is known to all, the earth is round

___ is known to all that the earth is round.

定语从句在句首时只能用as, as 具有“正如”之意,与之搭配的动词一般是固定的

1. It is very useful to master a foreign language, ________has been said before.

2. ___ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize.

as引导定语从句可放在句首,句中,句末,而which 引导定语从句不能放在句首.as译为“正如”,好像.which 则没有此义.

考点5 when, where, why 与that,which 的区分

１）I’ll never forget the day _________ we first met each other in the park.

２）I’ll never forget the time ____________ I spent with you.

３）I’ll never forget the time _____________ was spent with you.

４）This is the museum _______________I visited last year .

This is the reason ___________ ( = for which ) I didn’t come here.

The reason __________ she gave was not true.

指时间,地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语,用which或that引导定语从句.

1.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?

A. which

B. that

C. when

D. on which

2.That is the day ______I'll never forget.

A. which

B. on which

C. in which

D. when

考点6 定语从句中的动词的数

He is the only one of the students in his class who _______ (have) got the teacher’s praise .

He is one of the students in his class who _______ (have) got the teacher’s praise

当先行词是the way,且在定语从句中做方式状语时,引导词使用

that in which 不填

I hated the way ______ you spoke to me.

定语从句专项练习题与答案详解

3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, ________ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008. A. where B. when C. which D. how

6. October 15 th is my birthday, ________ I will never forget.

A. when

B. that

C. what

D. which

7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk correctly and safely.

A. when

B. where

C. which

D. whose

8. There are several research centers in China ________ a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.

A. which

B. where

C. when

D. what

11. ________ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. We must unify it.

A. It

B. As

C. Which

D. What

12. I shall never forget the day ________ Shen Zhou V was launched, ________ has a great effect on my life.

A. when, which

B. that, which

C. which, that

D. when, that

14. There is no such place ________ you dream of in all this world.

A. that

B. what

C. which

D. as

15. The people, ________ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.

A. all whose homes

B. all of whose homes

C. all their homes

D. all of their homes

16. The humans are destroying nature day by day, ________ of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later.

A. who

B. when

C. on which

D. which

17. Is this research center ________ you visited the modern equipment last year?

A. where

B. that

C. the one that

D. the one where

18. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old ________ they swam in it.

A. when

B. that

C. who

D. where

19. The man showed us so heavy a stone ________ no man can lift.

A. that

B. as

C. which

D. and

20. He stayed there for quite a long time, during ________ time he learned much spoken English.

A. that

B. this

C. which

D. Same

正像老师昨天说的那样，他没有通过考试。

As the teacher told me yesterday, he didn’t pass the exam.

孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。

The book that Mt. Sun wrote is the best book in the world.

1.你看到我放在桌子上的那些书了吗？

2.他们就是那些我经常与你提到的好搭档。

3.他们早上给我们带来的水果很新鲜。

8. 他就是那个经常向别人借钱的小男孩。

9.有人可以告诉我刚才在这里大喊大叫的那个女孩是谁吗？

11.这就是我们昨天在相片中看到的那个小村庄。

12.可以给我看看你昨天买的裙子吗？

16.我永远也忘记不了我们一起度过的那段美好时光。

17. 她刚才说了些很难听的话，这让大家感到很不舒服。

18. 母亲经常在假期里带她旅游，这让其他同学羡慕不已。

20.昨天在街上把钱包弄丢了，这让我很伤心。

30.年轻人都很喜欢琼瑶写的小说。

高中定语从句详细讲解讲课教案

高中定语从句详细讲 解

高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。

定语从句专项练习题及详解50题

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(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

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高一英语定语从句讲解 精华版 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】

定语从句 一、基本概念：定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week

（二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born (三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts.

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定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born

(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.

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定语从句三部曲 1. 找出先行词； 2. 确定先行词在从句中的成分：主语，宾语， 状语； 3. 选择正确的关系词。 几个关系代词的基本用法 that that: 可指人或物；可作主语，宾语。 指人时，相当于who或whom； 指物时，相当于which A letter ________ is written in pencil is difficult to read. Do you know the gentleman _________spoke just now? What is the question ________they are talking about? Here is the man ______________you want to see. 只能用that 不能用which的情况 1.先行词为不定代词时：all, much, everything, anything, nothing, something, none, the one. 2.先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等修饰时； 3.先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时； 4.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时； 5.先行词既有人又有物时； 6.先行词是数次时；(two, ten, a hundred) 7.如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免重复； 8.疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复； 9.主句是There be 结构，修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词； 10.被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。(主语+be+n. /adj.; 主语+系动词+adj.) 即学即用 1. The writer and his novel ____ you have just talked about is really well known . 2. The most important thing ____ should be done right now is how to stop him from going on. 3. The last place ____ we visited was the chemical works. 4. There's nothing ____ can be said about it . 5. This is the third film ____ has been shown in our school this term. 1. Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two ____are still alive.

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题组一基础过关 I.单句语法填空 1. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ________, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. 2. Care of the soul is a gradual process in ________ even the small details of life should be considered. 3. That evening, ________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. 4. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths. 5. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ________ made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true. 6. The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood. 7. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world. II. 用适当的关系词填空 1. Do you remember the scene ________ Cao Cao and Liu Bei were drinking? 2. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. 3. I will never forget the days ________ I was taken good care of in that village. 4. Do you know the reason John is so angry? 5. None of us know the reason ________ Tom was absent from the meeting. 6. The reason he explained at the meeting for his absence didn’t make sense. 7. I still remember the night she left the house. 8. However, this was a time one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 9. Today we have reached a stage we have almost no rights at all. 10. The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living. 题组二能力提升 I．单项填空 ( ) 1.This year’s children’s party, ________ some parents were invited to, was a great success. A.which B.why C.whose D.where ( ) 2.The death of the closest relatives, ________ almost every one of us has experienced, always makes people feel bitter and unbearable. A.which B.who C.as D.the one ( ) 3.—Have you heard any news about Sarah? —Yes, she was promoted to president of her company, ________ surprised everyone.

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高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。 4．That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。 Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？

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