高三英语非谓语动词真题汇编(含答案)含解析

高三英语非谓语动词真题汇编(含答案)含解析

一、单项选择非谓语动词

1．（北京）During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.

A．share B．to share

C．having shared D．shared

【答案】B

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼。gather是谓语动词，“_________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语，家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼，表目的用动词不定式，故B选项正确。

点睛：动词不定式可以做主语，状语，定语，宾语，表语等。动词不定式做目的状语时，可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后，通常译为“为了”。

2．Hearing the news, she rushed out, ________ the book ________ on the table and disappeared into the distance.

A．left; lain open B．left; lay opened

C．leaving; lie opened D．leaving; lying open

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在分词。句意：听见这个消息，她冲了出去，留在书本打开着放在桌子上，就消失在远处了。第一空leave与she构成主动关系，使用现在分词的形式。第二空the book与lie构成主动关系，还是使用现在分词的形式，open是形容词表示状态，lying open是宾语补足语，对the book进行补充说明。故D选项正确。

【点睛】

leave的几种用法

leave除了离开之外，还有以下几种用法：

一、作"留下"、"丢下"、"落下",常表示某物落在/忘在某地。

二、表示"留给"、"交给",一般与介词with或to搭配。

三、 leave作使役动词,表示"使/ 让……保持某种状态"。

① 用形容词作宾语补足语

② 用不定式作宾语补足语

③ 用现在分词作宾语补足语

④ 用过去分词作宾语补足语

⑤ 还可用名词、介词短语等作宾语补足语

四、 leave的过去分词left,常用作后置定语,表示"剩下的"。

五、 leave还可作名词,表示"休假"、"假期"。

分析句子可知，leave作使役动词,表示"使/ 让……保持某种状态"。第一空leaving是一个现

在分词做状语的用法，因为leave与he构成主动关系，就使用现在分词的形式。第二空the book与lie构成主动关系，还是使用现在分词的形式，open是一个形容词表示状态，Lying open是宾语补足语，对the book进行补充说明。故D选项正确。

3．(北京) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ________ with his students. A．to spend B．spend

C．spending D．spent

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：Jim已经退休了，但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语，空格只能填非谓语动词，逻辑主语是time，和spend之间是被动关系，故用过去分词spent。故选D项。

4．Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _______, we refused his offer.

A．not finishing B．had not been finished

C．not having finished D．not finished

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：在这里，our work处在逗号位置，作整个句子的原因状语，这里应填非谓语动词。work和finish存在逻辑上的被动关系，所以应该用过去分词，故选D。

考点：独立主格结构的考查

点评：独立主格结构（Independent Genitive）由两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。

5．________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.

A．To enjoy B．Enjoying C．To have enjoyed D．Enjoy

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。此处用不定式表目的，故选A。

6．（2018·北京）Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A．used B．to use

C．using D．use

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A选项正确。点睛：过去分词所表示的一个含义就是“被动”。

7．The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed out of the reading room”. A．being taken B．to take

C．to be taken D．taking

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆墙上的牌子上写着：“杂志不允许带出阅览室。”be allowed to do“被允许做”。根据句意可知，此处应使用被动式。故C选项正确。

8．With the homework _______, the students can go to have a picnic.

A．being done B．done

C．doing D．to do

【答案】B

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：做完作业后，学生们就可以去野餐了。此处是with的复合结构，homework和动词do是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，指作业被做，过去分词在句中作宾补。故选B。

【名师点睛】

with复合结构

“with复合结构”也是独立主格结构的一种，同样十分重要。在句中表示“原因，结果，伴随，方式”等情况。

(1)with + 宾语 + 形容词

The children were listening to the teacher with their eyes wide open. （表伴随）

(2)with + 宾语 + 介词短语

The old man used to take a walk with a stick in his hand. （表方式）

(3)with + 宾语 + 副词

The proud girl walked away with her head up. （表方式）

(4)with + 宾语 + 现在分词

Mary felt very shy with so many eyes looking at her. （表原因）

(5)with + 宾语 + 过去分词

If you sit looking away from a person, or with your back turned, you are saying you are not interested in that person. （表方式）

本题就是考查此结构，homework和动词do是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，指作业被

做，过去分词在句中作宾补。

(6)with + 宾语 + 不定式

With too much work to do the next day, he felt anxious and didn’t sleep well. （表原因）

一般说来，with 复合结构放在句末多表示伴随状况；若放在句首，则多表示“原因”或“条件”，例如：

With her mother away from home, the little girl felt lonely. 由于她妈妈不在家，这个女孩感到很孤单。

With the guide leading the way, I had no difficulty finding their village. 因为向导带路，我没怎么费事就找到了他们的村子。

9．（江苏）Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.

A．having exceeded B．to exceed

C．exceeded D．exceeding

【答案】D

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这期间，大约创造13,500个新的工作，超过市场分析师持有的12,000个的预期数量。分析全句可知，这里指前一件事情所带来自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。故选D。

点睛：本题考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词主要有动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词形式。having exceeded强调时间先后，指的是此动作发生在谓语动词create的动作之前；to exceed表示将要超出；exceeded过去分词表示被动。分析句子可知，这里用现在分词作结果状语。

10．Many white collars went back to second and third-tier cities only ______that housing prices there are also jumping, traffic jams increasing and the air becoming dirty.

A．to have found B．found C．to find D．finding

【答案】C

【解析】C考查动词不定式。句意：许多白领回到二、三线城市，却发现那里的房价也在上涨，交通堵塞加剧，空气变得很脏。动词不定式表示现在的结果，用动词不定式的一般式形式，故选C。

11．(湖南) There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland,

___________ at the night sky.

A．to stare B．staring

C．stared D．having stared

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考查非谓语动词用法。句中的动词stare的逻辑主语是隐含主语I，两者之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。句意：没有比背躺在草地中间，盯着夜空更快乐的事情了。故

B正确。

考点：考查非谓语动词用法

12．When ___________ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.

A．asking B．asked

C．having asked D．to be asked

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意:当马克被问做教师这个职业时的看法。他说他发现这个工作是非常有趣和值得的。这里when引导的省略句，完整的是when he was asked his view about his job as a teacher，这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语动词有be时，这时从句的主语与be同时省略，故选B。

考点：考查省略的用法。

点评：本题难度适中。为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略。它是高中阶段的重要的语法项目，需要考生仔细分析句子结构，来确定省略的内容。这里考生容易误选A。

即学即练:He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship，______ is more true than any other.

A.once gained

B.when to gain

C.after gaining

D.while gaining

解析：A。考查省略句。once gained =" once" it is gained。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和谓语部分。

13．_____________in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.

A．Being raised B．Raising

C．Raised D．To raise

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：他在格拉斯哥最穷的地方长大，要想成为足球明星还有很长的路要走。根据句意可知raise这个动词的主语是he，他在这个地方长大，两者之间是主谓关系，故选C项。

考点：考查非谓语谓语动词。

【名师点睛】本题在考查非谓语动词，题目难度中等，从选项看，不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。从句子结构判断，两个句子是否共用一个主语，主语与第一个动词之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系，再者还要注意判

断时间关系，从而得出答案来。

14．For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit________on his own farm.

A．grown B．being grown

C．to ge grown D．to grow

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：早餐，他只喝来自他自己农场种植的新鲜水果的果汁。grow作定语修饰fruit ，grow与fruit之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。B项表示正在进行；C项表示还未发生，均不符合题意。故选A。

15．Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it would fly.

A． keep B． kept C． keeping D． to keep

【答案】D

【解析】

16．A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, _____your muscles relaxed for over half an hour. A．to leave B．left C．leaving D．leave

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：开怀大笑可以缓解身体紧张，至少可以使你的肌肉放松半小时。分析句子可知，空格处做伴随状语。且与逻辑主语laugh构成主动关系，所以用现在分词。故选C。

17．Once be falls asleep, I have great difficulty _______ him up.

A．wake B．waken

C．to wake D．waking

【答案】D

【解析】

一旦他睡着了，我叫醒他就有很大的困难。have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难，选D。

18．When we saw the road ________ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A．block B．to block

C．blocking D．blocked

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们看到路上被雪覆盖时，我们决定在家里度假。此处用非谓语动词作宾补，动词block与see的宾语the road之间为被动关系，构成短语see sb/ sth done。故选D。

19．_____ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time

A．To face B．Faced C．Face D．facing

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意为：面对这么多麻烦，我们不能按时完成任务。空格处为状语，前后主语一致都是we ，face的用法为，sb face sth 或者sb be faced with sth，根据题中的with 可知，选B。

20．We will remain ______to the path of peaceful development and shoulder more international responsibilities.

A．committing B．committed C．to be committed D．to have committed 【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去分词作表语。句意：我国将继续坚持走和平发展的道路并且承担更多国际责任。remain done表示保持一个状态，remain to do sth.表示有待要做的事情，还未发生，根据句意“我国将继续坚持走和平发展的道路并且承担更多国际责任”。故B选项正确。

21．The girl is so grateful whenever she remembers my brother and me ____ her from the icy water.

A．to have saved B．to save C．saving D．saved

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：这个女孩是有感恩之心的，无论何时她都记得我和我弟弟把她从

冰水里救出的情形。固定短语：remember sb. doing sth记得某人做过某事。故C选项正确。

22．I watched Mike's adolescence, _____ he ran into trouble, _____things at the wrong time and misunderstood by many people.

A．when; saying B．which; said C．when; said D．which; saying

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句和现在分词。句意：我目睹了迈克的青春期，那段期间他遇到了麻烦，说错话，被很多人误解。分析句子可知，adolescence为先行词在后面的非限制性定语从句中作时间状语从句，所以第一个空应选关系副词为when。再分析句子可知，he 与say在逻辑

上是主动关系，所以第二个空选现在分词saying。故选A项。

23．By no means ________ when we try to create a global brand.

A．the cultural factor is to neglect

B．is the cultural factor to neglect

C．the cultural factor is to be neglected

D．is the cultural factor to be neglected

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查倒装句型及语态。句意：在打造国际品牌的过程中，文化因素绝对不容忽视。By no means“绝不”位于句首时，后面需要部分倒装，因此将is提前；文化因素是被忽略的，应用被动语态。故选D。

24．Mark often attempts to escape _______ whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A．having been fined B．being fined

C．to have been fined D．to be fined

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查escape的用法。句意：马克经常试图逃脱罚款，每当他违反交通规则的时候。escape doing sth 逃脱、避免干某事。故选B。

25．Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.

A．writing B．to write

C．written D．being written

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书写得既清楚又意味深长，该书激励了那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生的自信心。根据write与the book是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词作状语。故选C。

26．.Ladex does’t feel like abroad.Her parents are old.

A．study B．studying C．studied D．to study

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：Ladex不喜欢去国外学习，她的父母老了。feel like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，是固定短语，故用动名词作宾语。故选B。

27． _____ it many times, I still can’t make Tom understand what I said.

A．Explained B．Having explained

C．To explain D．Having been explained

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管我已经解释过很多次了，我还是不能让 Tom 明白我说的话。explain和主语I之间为逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词形式；由逻辑关系：先解释后明白，应使用到现在分词的完成式形式，所以选择B项。故选B项。

【点睛】

分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的完成式。

28．What will you do if the people ______ at the back of the hall have trouble hearing the speech?

A．sitting B．sit

C．sat D．to sit

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果坐在大厅后排的人们听不清演讲你该怎么办？根据题干中谓语动词have trouble doing判断出前面填非谓语结构，“人们”和“坐”是主动关系，故选A。

29． herself with routine office work, she had no time to attend to her children.

A．Occupying B．Occupied

C．Being occupied D．To be occupied

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：A考察现在分词做状语：句意：每天忙于办公室的日常工作，她没时间照顾孩子。Sb occupy oneself with sth某人忙于某事，这里的she和occupy是主动关系，用现在分词做状语，如果这题没有herself，就应该填occupied，用于词组be occupied with。选A。考点：考察非谓语动词。

30． in a red dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at the airport.

A．Being dressed; pick out B．Dressed; pick out

C．Dressed; be picked out D．Having dressed; pick out

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去分词和动词短语。句意：因为她穿着红色的裙子，所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。be dressed in穿着……，作状语表状态，故用dressed。sb be easy to do sth主动形

式表达被动意思，所以用pick out。故B选项正确。

【点睛】

主动形式表被动意义的不定式

1.主语＋be +adj. +to do。

能用于此句型的形容词有: difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(使人疲劳的), interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.注意：当上述形容词在句中作宾语补

足语，后接不定式时，不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。

2.主语+be +adj. + enough +to do。

3.主语+be +too +adj. +to do。

4.不定式短语作后置定语时，如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主

动形式表被动概念。

I have a meeting to attend today.

5.There be 句型中，用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。

6.在“疑问代词 + 不定式”结构中。

7.let, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。

8. with+O.+to do 结构中，不定式作宾补时，常用主动表被动，且表将要发生的动作。

分析句子可知，sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动含义，符合第一点用法。所以用pick out。故B选项正确

31．__________ the housing price, several measures have been adopted in the last two years. A．Lowering B．Having lowered

C．To lower D．To have lowered

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：考查不定式，不定式表示目的，句子意思“为了降低房子的价格，在过去的两年里一些办法已经被采纳”

考点：考查不定式

点评：动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用。同时还要注意动词不定式的被动语态用法：如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般就用被动语态形式，如：What is to be done next hasn’t been decided yet.

即学即练：It’s too late. Go to bed right away. Forget you need to get up as early as you can

______ the early train?

A. catch

B. catching

C. caught

D. to catch

选D

32．Mr. Wang made up his mind to devote all he could ____ his oral English before going abroad. A．improve B．to improving C．improving D．to improve

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：王先生决心在出国前尽其所能提高英语口语。此处是devote…to…“将……奉献给；把……专用于”，to是介词，he could (devote)是all的定语从句，由此可知，B项正确。故选B。

33．New York is the fashion capital of the world, says a new study on Feb 4. 2014 by the Global Language Monitor (GLM), Pairs ____ second, with Shanghai ______10th while Hongkong 20th. A．coming, ranks B．come, ranked C．comes, ranking D．coming, ranking

【答案】D

【解析】D考查非谓语动词。句意：2月4日的一项新研究表明，纽约是世界的时尚之都。2014年全球语言监测机构(GLM)排名第二，上海排名第10，香港排名第20。Come和Pair是主动关系用动词ing形式，rank与Shanghai是主动关系，用动词ing形式，故选D。

34． in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A．Losing B．Having lost

C．Lost D．To lose

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：由于陷入沉思中，他差点撞上了前面那辆车。分析句子可知，本

句为过去分词作原因状语，其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致都是he，逻辑主语省去了。故选C。

35．(天津) The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated.

A．being allowed B．allowing

C．having allowed D．allowed

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗。前句购进医疗设备和后面允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系，用doing即现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。A. being allowed表示被动且正在进行；C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动词发生；D. allowed表示被动且完成，故选B。

【点睛】

判断非谓语动词的形式的第一步是分析句子成分，看是用谓语动词还是非谓语动词，确定了是非谓语动词，还要判断非谓语动词的成分，和这个动词和逻辑主语的关系。

36．I remembered _____ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A．locking B．to lock C．having locked D．to have locked

【答案】B

【解析】

考查非谓语动词。ACD三个选项都表示动作已经完成。只有B选项表示尚未做。句意：我记得离开办公室前要锁门的，但是却忘记了要关灯。remember doing="remember" having dong="remember" to have done.

37．Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ________ to help them succeed academically and personally.

A．designed B．designing

C．to design D．being designed

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设了一门课程，专门帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。a course和design之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故选A。

38．Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.

A．writing B．to write

C．written D．being written

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书写得既清楚又意味深长，该书激励了那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生的自信心。根据write与the book是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词作状语。故选C。

39．---_________ makes your son feel blue today?

---_________ to watch his favourite cartoon Paw Patrol.

A．What it is that; To be forbidden B．What is that; Forbidden

C．What is it that; Being forbidden D．That is what; Having forbidden

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查强调句型和非谓语动词。句意：——是什么让你儿子今天心情不好？——不让他看他最喜欢的卡通《狗狗巡逻队》。分析句子结构可知，第一空为强调句型的特殊疑问句，即：疑问词What+ it is+ that+其余部分；第二空为非谓语动词，作主语用动名词，且son与forbide之间是被动关系，所以用Being forbidden，故C项正确。

【点睛】

注意强调句型的特殊疑问句形式为：疑问词+ it is+ that+其余部分，根据句意“是什么让你儿子今天心情不好？”判断疑问词用what，即：What is it that makes your son feel blue today?

40．________ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.

A．Staying B．Stayed

C．To stay D．Stay

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保暖，我把柴炉填好，然后把闹钟调在子夜，好又添柴。表目的，为了什么，用不定式来表示。故选C。

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