1(2003 A)Every day we have math class. We always show 21 interest in it. Some sleep; some daydream; others read something else. 22 listens to our math teacher. To solve this problem, our clever math teacher found a 23 out at last. Mr. Black thought 24 everyone liked candy, the only way to get our attention was to gave us candy. A clever 25 came upon him. He put a lot of candies inside a big ball that anyone could open. In class he asked us some questions. When anybody answered one question 26 , Mr. Black would throw the ball to the student and the student could 27 some of the candy out of the ball. Then, the student would have to throw the ball to the next one with the right answer, and so forth. The idea made us 28 and pay attention for a while but son all of us went back 29 . We all ate too much candy. The only person in our math class who 30 like the idea was a fat boy named Ward. He just kept eating and eating until finally Mr. Black had to say”I’m sorry, Ward, but I just don’t have enough money to buy candy.”21.A. great B. much C. some D. little 22. A. Everybody B. Somebody C. Nobody D. Anybody 23. A. student B. ball C. problem D. way 24. A. since B. when C. that D. whether 25. A. mind B. idea C. teacher D. opinion 26. A. quickly B. alone C. right D. clearly 27. A. take B. keep C. receive D. buy 28. A. give in B. go out C. sit up D. let down 29. A. listen B. sleep C. eat D. study 30. A. never B. also C. even D. still 2(2003 B) It’s never easy to admit you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need to know the art of 31 . Look back with honesty and think how 32 you’ve judged roughly or sais unkind things or something else like this. Then count the times that you expressed clearly and truly that you were 33 . A bit frightening , isn’t it? Frightening because some deep wisdom inside us knows that when a small 34 has been done. Some moral(道德的)feelings is disturbed; and it stays out of 35 until fault admitted and regret expressed. I remember a doctor friend , the late Clarence Lieb, telling me about the man who came to him with a variety of 36 : headaches , insomnia(失眠)and stomach trouble. No physical cause could be found. Finally Dr Lieb said to the man “Unless you tell me what’s 37 you, I can’t help you.”After some hesitation, the man admitted , as executor(执行者)of his father’s will, he had been cheating his brother, who lived abroad , of his inheritance(继承权). Then and there the wise old doctor made the man 38 to his brother asking forgiveness and put a check on the envelope as the first step in rebuilding their good relationship. He then went with him to the mailbox. As the envelope disappeared, the man burst into tears. “Thank you.”He said “I think 39 .” A heartfelt apology can not only heal a (an ) 40 relationship but also make it stronger. If ou can think of someone who ought to be given an apology from you, someone you have wronged , or judged to roughly , do something about it right now. 31. A. expressing B.forgiving C.apologizing D.explaining 32.A.soon B.much C.long D.often 33.A.said B.sorry C.angry D.nervous 34.A.favor B.harm C.wrong D.deed 35.A.balance B.control C.reach D.order 36.A.complains B.sings C.feelings D.aches 37.A.puzzling B.frightening C.injuring D.worrying 38.A.go B.wr ite C.call D.turn 39.A.cured B.punished C.comforted D.excused 40.A.developing B.friendly C.damaged D.old
3.(2004 A) I became lame in both legs in my childhood. I can’t stand with the support of the two sticks. Only in my wheelchair can I “21 ”I still remember the first day at school. When I appeared at the door , everyone in the classroom stared at me in 22 . My face turned red. I couldn’t help
turning back. It was the kindness and sympathy in their eyes that 23 me doing so. I went shyly towards an empty seat. Being lame , I couldn’t walk in front of my classmates. I was 24 that I might be looked down upon. In those days I was very sad to 25 others walking happily. One day a few students came up to me and asked me 26 . I was really excited. They encouraged me with a friendly smile and pushed me in my wheelchair from place to place. I was 27 to them for giving a chance to see the sights of our lovely school with my own eyes. After that we often read ,played and talked together. My friends are always 28 to help me. It made me 29 I am handicapped(残疾) Once they asked me, “What is the most beautiful thing in our school?”Without hesitation I said “It is the 30 ”21. A. sit B. walk C. stand D. talk 22. A. love B. thought C. surprise D. excitement 23. A. prevented B. kept C. warned D. made 24. A. pleased B. afraid C. angry D. disappointed 25. A. make B. hear C. see D. think 26. A. eat out B. stay in C. give up D. go outside 27. A. kind B. thankful C. helpful D. friendly 28. A. busy B. sorry C. welcome D. ready 29. A. forget B. remember C. realize D. think 30. A. support B. kindness C. friendship D. sympathy 4 (2004 B) People spend their whole lives searching for love. I was no different . Until one day I decided to 31 the local pound(动物收容站). And there was love 32 for me. The old dog was considered to be 33 . He had been found running along the road on three legs, 34 some serious wounds in his back and a damaged ear. The people at the pond 35 him because he was friendly and they thought if someone had 36 money having his leg operated on, maybe the person would be looking for him. But on one came. That day , I happened to walk by and see him. My 37 went out to him. But I really could not take another dog home; I had four already. There had to be a limit , I thought . I can’t save them all. Driving away from the pond , I knew the dog would die 38 I didn’t take him. As I passed a church , a sign announcing this week’s sermon(布道)caught my 39 . It was right before Christmas. It read:”Is there any room at the hotel?”I knew at that moment there was 40 room for one more, especially one that needed my love. 31. A. buy B. sell C. visit D. build 32. A. waiting B. looking C. paying D. hoping 33. A. pretty B. homeless C. lonely D. friendly 34. A. with B. for C. on D. in 35. A. found B. wanted C. caught D. kept 36. A. borrowed B. paid C. spent D. earned 37. A. head B. heart C. mind D. brain 38. A. when B. because C. if D. though 39. A. mind B. drive C. ear D. eye 40. A. always B. seldom C. sometimes D. usually 5 (2005 A)Like so many teenagers, I struggled to escape from anything that didn’t agree with my picture of the world. One night , after a particularly 21 day.
I stormed into my room, shut the door and got into bed. My hands 22 something under my pillow.
I 23 out an envelope on which it said,”To read when you are alone.”Since I was alone , no one would 24 whether I read it or not. So I opened it . It said,”Mike I know life is 25 right now. I know you feel 26 and I know we don’t do everything 27 I am here for you if you ever need to 28 and if you don’t , that’s okay. I love you forever. Mom .”That was the first of 29 “To read when you are alone”letters. I will never forget the relief I felt 30 I got a letter in my teen years.
21.A. exciting B. different C. shocking D. difficult 22.A. held B. took C. felt D. reached 23.A. pulled B. found C. handed D. picked 24.A. decide B. consider C. realize D. know 25.A. busy B. hard C. uneasy D. important 26.A. proud B. ashamed C. annoyed D. unusual 27.A. fast B. fight C. together D.
alone 28.A. talk B. think C. work D. say 29.A. familiar B. few C. several D. personal 30.A. ever since B. every time C. as soon as D. the first time 6 (2005B) Steve Lesko tells of a Halloween when he brought his wife home from the hospital to live out her remaining days. 31 that children would come by for trick or treat and realizing he was not 32 with any candy, he quickly 33 whatever he could find in the house. The first arrival were three girls in their early teens. Mr. Lesko apologized for his 34 treats explaining he was not able to go and get any because of his wife’s 35 . They thanked him and went off. A few minutes 36 they returned and each girl gave him a handful of candy from their bags. Through his tears he tried to return the candy but 37 young ladies rushed off excitedly saying, “We hope she gets 38 ”Looking back on those 39 , Mr. Lesko says: “I do not know these beautiful women , but I’d like them to know their simple act of 40 brought joy and hope to me when there was none. 31. A. Expecting B. Remembering C. Guessing D. Promising 32. A. troubled B. satisfied C. supplied D. prepared 33. A. gathered B. save C. seized D. selected 34. A. easy B. poor C. tiny D. carless 35. A. illness B. problem C. reason D. absence 36. A. over B. past C. later D. only 37. A. honest B. serious C. nervous D. wonderful 38. A. up B. excited C. well D. surprised 39. A. moments B. events C. days D. stories 40 . A. happiness B. politeness C. faithfulness D. kindness 7 (2006 A) Buying a Christmas tree is a holiday tradition for many Americans. One 21 found that almost eighty percent of American 22 had a Christmas tree last year. Many people 23 that Christmas trees come from forests. 24 , most trees are carefully grown on farms. Farmers plant and harvest Christmas trees as a crop, 25 fruits or vegetables. There are About 15,000 Christmas tree 26 in North America. The industry employs more than 100.000 people. Farmers 27 evergreen trees for Christmas trees. They remove seeds from the trees and plant them. Farmers care for the young trees 28 they are about three to five years old . Then farmers replant them in fields ,cut the tops of the trees to 29 how fast they grow, and cut the other parts of the trees while they are growing. This gives the trees the 30 that people will like. 21. A. book B. article C. holiday D. study 22. A. farmers B. homes C. states D. stores 23. A. believe B. see C. point out D. work out 24. A. Before long B. In the end C. In fact D. Now and then 25. A. the same as B. similar to C. close to D. different from 26. A. markets B. forests C. farms D. factories 27. A. collect B. cut C. remove D. grow 28. A. for B. after C. as D. until 29. A. control B. know C. see D. study 30. A. color B. leaves C. shape D. size 8 (2006 B) The United Nations says more than 1,000 million people in the world do not have safe, clean water to 31 . This is about one-sixth of the world’s 32 . About 6,000 people died each day from 33 directly caused by unclean water. Most of them are children. The UN has started an international movement to help 34 deaths caused by unclean water. One 35 of the movement is to teach school children about 36 cleanliness. The UN will help the people in 25 countries, mostly in Africa and Asia. Governments and organizations there need to help people 37 water problems. A person in a 38 country usually uses about 10 liters of water a day. Yet, a person in an industrial country , 39 Britain, usually uses about 135 liters of water a day. UN officials say this must change 40 the next 25 years. They hope all people will have safe, clean water. 31.A. eat B. drink C. find D. make 32.A. countries B. problems C. population D. water 33.A. diseases B. weakness C. disadvantages D. difficulties 34.A.
escape B. fight C. kill D. prevent 35.A. measures B. means C. goal D. period 36.A. historical B. international C. personal D. technical 37.A. answer B. deal with C. face to D. experience 38.A. advanced B. developing C. foreign D. small 39.A. as in B. as well as C. for example D. such as 40 .A. For B. Over C. Within D. Throughout 9 (2007A) A very successful businessman had a meeting with his new son-in-law. “I love my 21 and now I welcome you into the 22 .”said the man .”To show how much we care 23 you, I making you a 50-50 partner in my business. All you have to do is go to the 24 every day and learn the operations. The son-in-law 25 , “I hate falconries . I can’t stand the noise.”“I se,”replied the 26 “Well, then you will work in the office and take 27 of some of the operations.”“I hate office work,”said the son-in-law. I can’t stand being stuck 28 a desk all day .”“Wait a minute,”said the father-in-law. I just make you half owner of a money-making organization , 29 you don’t like factories and you won’t work in the office. 30 am going to do with you?”“Easy,”said the young man “Buy me out.”21.A.mother B. wife C. daughter D. sister 22.A. family B. business C. company D. house 23.A. with B. for C. of D. on 24.A. hospital B. factory C. shop D. school 25.A. interrupted B. asked C. stopped D. laughed 26.A. mother-in-law B. son-in-law C. daughter-in-law D. father-in-law 27.A. notes B. part C. charge D. hold 28.A. under B. behind C. on D. in 29.A. if B. until C. while D. but 30.A. Where B. How C. Why D. What 10 (2007B) There are many times in a year when gifts are given and received, but do not forget those 31 days that celebrate personal milestones. Birthdays and holidays are special days , but they are not the 32 times when giving a gift brightens the day. Celebrating a long 33 or a shared happiness can strengthen relationships 34 friends and family. Foe most Americans, it is 35 to say thank you than I am sorry . 36 a research, nearly two-thirds of people 37 believe that saying I’m sorry is easy. About the same 38 of Americans can remember a time where they were not properly thanked for a favor or act of 39 . In the 21th century, without even using words , you can ask a flower company to express your feeling together with a note card 40 everything that is too hard to say in person. 31.A. official B. interesting C. different D. special 32.A. only B. important C. actual D. correct 33.A. holiday B. party C. friendship D. discussion 34.A. of B. with C. to D. for 35.A. more honest B. harder C. happier D. more often 36.A. As a result of B. Instead of C. According to D. Because of 37.A.arranged B. mentioned C. requested D. questioned 38.A. country B. family C. expression D. number 39.A.kindness B. courage C. deed D. carefulness 40.A. making B. saying C. talking D. covering
民族传统体育项目——跳绳、滚铁环进体育课堂 长期以来,由于受竞技体育、体质教育的影响,我国中小学校体育课程主要以竞技运动项目为主要内容。体育课程教学从动作的学习到场地器材的配置规格,都是竞技化,西方的,很少考虑大部分学生的学习兴趣、需求和可接受性。相对外来竞技运动项目而言,我国民族民间传统体育既有很高的娱乐价值,又有很高的文化价值,许多民族民间传统体育项目不受场地、器械设备、年龄等条件的限制,既经济又便于开展,有好多内容以其娱乐性,趣味性等特点,深受学生的欢迎,是平时学生喜爱并在课间玩耍的项目,把这些学生喜闻乐见的传统项目进行开发改造引入于小学体育课堂中来,不仅是对学校体育内容的补充和发展,而且会极大地丰富学校体育的课程内容。本课题以西城少年宫幼儿艺术班为研究对象,采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、教学实验等方法,对当前本小学民族民间传统体育项目的开展现状进行了调查分析。民族民间传统体育在小学校体育教学中的应用性研究,包括调查研究和实验研究两大部分,调查部分主要阐述了民族民间传统体育项目在目前小学体育教学中的现状、民族民间传统体育的特点及教学功能和价值、民族民间传统体育在学校体育教学中是否可行和其进入学校体育教学的途径。实验研究就具体的两个富有地方特色的民族民间传统体育项目跳绳和滚铁环在学校体育教学中如何进行教学改编,在教学过程中应遵循哪些教学原则,采用何种教学方式,提出了三个实验假设:学生对跳绳和滚铁环这两个体育项目很喜欢;跳绳和滚铁环这两项民族民间传统体育项目对学生的身体素质的锻炼效果与现代体育项目的效果差别不大;跳绳和滚铁环这两项民族民间传统体育项目适宜在小学推广。通过教学实验验证这两个项目深受学生喜爱,这两个项目具备推广的条件和价值,这两个项目能对学生的身体素质起到锻炼效果。并通过这项教学实验为其它的民间传统体育项目如何进入学校体育教学提供一些参考和借鉴因素,得出民间传统体育项目适合在学校体育中开展,应大力推广。 关键词:民间体育项目小学体育教学 以增加学生对民族传统文化的了解程度和自豪感。体育教师和学生传达课程改革新思路,让他们改变传统体育教学观念,从思想上重视民间民族传统体育教学。先将近年来课程改革中有关民族传统体育教学方面的新成果传达给学校的领导和参与实验研究的体育教师。在教学中,我们主要通过实国家特别重视少数民族传统体育项目的发掘与研究工作,已逐步整理出了许多富有民族特色体育项目。 发掘民间传统项目进课堂,丰富体育教学的内容。我宫从上世纪200年代开始,对流传于民间的传统体育活动—滚铁环进行了发掘、研究,并结合现代运动的特点,进行了创新,把滚铁环这项体育活动引进了我宫的体育课堂。现把我们发掘、整理、研究、创新的滚铁环运动介绍如下: 1.铁环队列练习。其一,学生成四路纵队或二路纵队,听统一口令向前、向后、向左、向右滚铁环走。转身时,滚环用手帮助控制。其二,滚铁环进行S’’走,或进行螺旋形和反螺旋形行走。可提高队列练习的兴趣,培养学生良好的组织纪律性。 2.铁环操或舞。手持铁环跟着音乐的节奏做各种器械操或单、双人、多人舞。以培养学生的音乐素养和形体美的教育。 3.滚铁环跑。可滚着铁环进行快速跑、耐久跑、上下坡跑等。提高学生进行快速跑、耐久跑的兴趣,发展学生跑的能力。
《公共体育(Ⅲ)》课程教学大纲 一、教学目的 通过少数民族传统体育课的学习,有效培养学生对民族传统体育的理解认识,深入了解我国少数民族地区民俗习惯与文化内涵,将各民族文化内涵融入到民族传统体育之中,使学生掌握少数民族传统体育的基本知识和基本技能,具有较强的实践能力。 二、重点与难点 (一)少数民族传统体育的特点、社会功能和教育价值。 (二)少数民族传统体育的竞赛规则与实践。 三、基本内容与要求 理论部分 少数民族传统体育基本知识 1.1少数民族传统体育的概述:我国民族传统体育的形成与发展 1.2介绍少数民族传统体育项目 1.3少数民族传统体育项目竞赛规则 (一)教学目的:掌握民族传统体育的定义、民族传统体育的特点、社会功能和教育价值,掌握我国民族传统体育的形成与发展,了解区域性民族传统体育文化和项目的挖掘整理。 (二)重点与难点:少数民族传统体育的形成、特点和社会功能。 (三)基本内容:少数民族传统体育的特点和社会功能;少数民族传统体育项目竞赛规则等。 实践部分
第1章珍珠球 1.1 珍珠球运动的概况、运动特点 1.2 珍珠球基本技术:水区队员的技术、封锁区队员的技术、得分区队员技术。 1.3 珍珠球基本战术:水区队员与抄网队员的战术配合、水区队员与持拍队员的基础配合、珍珠球的防守。 1.4 教学比赛 (一)教学目的:了解珍珠球的起源、发展、运动特点,掌握珍珠球的技术动作和战术运用。 (二)重点与难点:珍珠球的基本技术动作与技战术运用。 (三)基本内容:传投球技术;抄网技术;挡板技术;进攻与防守战术配合。 第2章蹴球 2.1 蹴球运动的概况、运动特点 2.2 蹴球的基本技术:正撞球技术、侧撞球技术、回旋球技术、发球技术 2.3 蹴球的基本战术:失分战术、走球战术、借力战术、开局发球战术、5分球战术、8分球战术、抢分战术、1米战术、回避球战术 2.4 教学比赛 (一)教学目的:了解蹴球的起源、发展、运动特点,掌握蹴球的技术动作和战术运用。 (二)重点与难点:蹴球的基本技术动作与技战术运用。 (三)基本内容:回旋球技术;定位球技术;双蹴球技术;推球技术。 第3章花炮 3.1 花炮运动的概况、运动特点 3.2 花炮的基本技术:握炮技术、传接炮技术 3.3 花炮的基本战术:快攻战术、阵地突破 3.4 教学比赛 (一)教学目的:了解花炮的起源、发展、运动特点,掌握花炮的技术动作和战术运用。 (二)重点与难点:花炮的基本技术动作与技战术运用。 (三)基本内容:跑动与掩护技术;抢空中炮、交手、传接炮技术;抢跑和冲炮台技术;防守配合技术。
浅析我国高校民族传统体育专业发展的现状及趋势(一) 【摘要】民族传统体育是民族传统文化的产物与载体,民族传统体育专业在高校的开设是对文化的继承与发展,在新形势下新文化的发生与入侵将对民族传统体育发生决定性影响,文章通过对目前传统文化下我国高校民族传统体育专业发展的现状进行研究,并对新文化下民族传统体育发展方式及方向进行了前瞻性分析。 【关键词】高校;民族传统体育;传统文化;新文化 随着我国经济的飞速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高,人们对健康的关注程度也越来越高,这就为民族传统体育的蓬勃发展奠定了社会基础。民族传统体育有着其独特的自身魅力,民族传统体育在社会主义先进文化建设中扮演的角色越来越重要,它是我国城乡居民体育锻炼的主要项目,区域性广、练习方式多样,可以适合任何年龄、阶层的人群。民族传统体育的社会价值通常是通过人们参与来实现的。发展民族传统体育不仅能够增强各民族人民的体质,丰富群众文化生活,建立科学的、现代化的生活方式,有利于塑造体格健壮和精神高尚的一代新人,同时还是富国强民、振奋民族精神、激发爱国热情、增强民族凝聚力、提高民族素质的一种重要社会活动。开展民族传统体育活动有利于协调人际关系,增进各国民族交往和国际友谊,对人类的进步有着重要的作用,它的发展是构建和谐社会的重要组成部分。 一、国高校的民族传统体育专业设置的先天性基础 我国民族传统体育伴随着五千年的悠久历史产生、衍变,成为我国历史瑰宝的一部分,是我国民族文化的重要载体,是千百年来民族文化的结晶,长久以来为人们所喜欢,且为我国在不同时期的进步作出了重要贡献,因此对民族传统体育的研究也就是对中国人文历史的研究。民族传统体育随着我国的发展,构建社会主义和谐社会已成为国人的共识,这为民族传统体育的发展带来机遇,也必然会带动和促进整个社会的和谐发展。 我国的民族传统体育主要有以下几个特点: 1.种类的多样性和包容性,据《中华民族传统体育志》统计,我国的民族传统体育项目种类多达977种其中,汉民族的项目有301种,其他55个民族的体育项目多达676种; 2.分布的地域性,根据我国56个民族根据民族传统地域性特征和全国少数民族地区分布,可分成五大板块东北板块、西北板块、西南板块、中南板块及中东板块,五大板块由于民族分布的地域不同气候的变化不同民俗民风的差异性,各民族便形成了各自独具特色的传统体育项目; 3.民俗性和娱乐性,在民族传统文化中对民族最具凝聚力的要算民俗文化它将朝夕相处的民族成员凝聚在一起,并且将具有相同文化背景的人们也团结在一起。同时,风俗习惯既受到民族因素的影响,也受到地域因素的制约。地域经济、政治、宗教、语言的长期影响互相依赖铸成多姿多色共存共荣的民俗特征。如端午、中秋、春节仍然是百姓重视、影响最大的传统节日舞龙、高跷、狮子等娱乐体育活动成为超越时代存在的一种符号和民族传统。 4.资源的整合性,体育资源具有文化的多样性、广泛性、地域性、多功能性等,内含观赏性、健身性、文化娱乐性、民俗性等内容随着经济和社会的发展体育文化的内容、范围、形式。规模不断发展通过资源的整合其质也将不断发生变化因此,它的整合和利用能显示传统文化的本质属性特征,彰显传统体育文化价值能产生积极的社会效应和经济效益。这些特点也就是我国高校民族传统体育专业设置的基础。 二、我国高校民族传统体育专业的现状 我国高校民族传统体育专业既是传播体育文化,促进人类文化发展的桥梁,同时又是承载我国优秀传统体育文化,弘扬民族文化特色的重要途径。1989年,民族传统体育才成为本科专业,其专业尚处于摸索、模拟建设阶段,民族传统体育专业的教学是参照体育相关学科而设置的。目前民族传统体育发展还有许多局限性,如基础理论薄弱没有重大发展与突破,自身价值和本体目标模糊。
绝密★启用前 2015年全国普通高等学校运动训练、民族传统体育专业单独统 一招生考试 数学 注意事项: 1.用钢笔或圆珠笔直接答在试题卷中; 2.答卷前将密封线内的项目填写清楚。 3.本卷共19小题,共150分. 一.选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题6分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的,请将正确的选项的字母填写在题后的括号内. 1.若集合},2 70|{N x x x A ∈<<=,则A 的元素共有 【 】 A .2个 B .3个 C .4个 D .无穷多个 2.圆07222=-++y y x 的半径是 【 】 A .9 B .8 C .22 D .6 3.下列函数中,减函数的是 【 】 A .||x y = B .3x y -= C .x x x y sin 22 += D .2x x e e y -+= 4.函数22)(x x x f -=的值域是 【 】 A .)1,(-∞ B .),1(+∞ C .]2,0[ D .]1,0[ 5、函数x x y 4cos 34sin 3-=的最小正周期和最小值分别是 【 】 A .π和3- B .π和32- C .2π和3- D .2 π和32- 6.已知ABC ?是钝角三角形, 30=A ,4=BC ,34=AC ,则=B 【 】 A . 135 B . 120 C . 60 D . 30 7、设直线l ,m ,平面α,β,有下列4个命题: 【 】