专四dictation整理及方法

我平时容易错的地方：

1，要加逗号的地方不加逗号：

1,介词短语后

第一句：Throughout the united states，the legal age for marriage shows some differences.

2,Such as 前面要加逗号

第一句The success of early railway，such as the lines between big cities，led to a great increase in railway building.

3,在furthermore，similarly，accordingly，anyway， otherwise；above all，in the same way，in other words，in contrast这类连接副词（短语）的后面：

However, a law in the 19 century forced railway companies …

4,在yes，no，sure，personally，probably，certainly， usually；in general，in the first place，in my opinion，in any case，as a matter of fact；strictly speaking 3．用在并列的分句之间：

this made doing business much easier, but people still found…

②其他还要注意加与不加逗号的地方

a．用在句子开头的分词（短语）之后：

Seeing the police，the thief began to run away．

用在句子开头的不定式（短语）之后：

用在句末的非限制性（解释性）分词（带状语性质）前面：

用在引话动词（如said，replied）及直接引语之间：

He said，“You are wrong．”

—用在插在直接引语中间的he said这类词句的前面和后面：

a．用在状语从句之后，主句之前：If you are careful，you will make fewer mistakes．

Since he is ill，he cannot work．

b．若主句在前，状语从句在后，主、从句之间一般不加逗号：

Y ou will make fewer mistakes if you are careful．

I love her just because she looks pretty．

在一个专有名词和它的普通名词同位语之间：

John，my brother；William Shakespeare，the greatest poet of England；London，the capital of England

2, 把问号写成句号

例如

真题2008中:First, what do we think we would like to be? 很可能把问号写成了句号.

3, 同音的短语在慌忙中也容易搞错

如sometime，some time与sometimes，some times

T hey sometimes move from job to job until….我把sometimes 写成了some times.不过这个可也通过语法知识在检查时改正,不过首先要了解其用法和意思.

sometimes的意思是“有时”，是副词。

some times也是一个名词短语，time在这里用作可数名词，意思是“次数”。some times的意思是“几次”。

some time是名词短语，它的意思是“一段时间”。例如：

I'll be away for some time. 我将离开一段时间。

sometime也是副词，意思是“在某个时候”。可用于一般过去时与将来时。例如：

Y ou can hand in your homework sometime before Friday. 你可以在周五前某个时候交作业。

同样,everyday 和every day

everyday adj. 每天的, 日常的, 平常的, 平凡的. 这是形容词，用于修饰作用。如：my everyday shoes, not my best ones

Every Day 名词短语，多用作时间状语。

如：She goes to work every day. 她每天都去上班。

4, 书名等要加双引号,除介词之外的每个单词的首字母大写.

Equally successful was “A Farewell to Arms”,…

5, 地名,人民,国家,洲等专有名词首字母大写

American writer Hemmingway was born in Oak Park Illinois

6, 句子中有些单词和单词之间读得太快,导致第二个单词的开头的弱度部分被我们省略而写成了一个单词.

Capital punishment was available to every government for especially serious crimes.中我把especially写成了specially

Arguments for and against are based on practical, moral, and emotional approaches.中的approaches我写成了proaches

7, 慌张时会把读得很快的几个单词理所当然的写成另外几个

There remaining forests are home to …中把remaining写成are many其实经过语法推敲后是可以避免错误的,不过时间又紧迫,人又紧张时很难检查出来.

8, 连字符的运用写成

A three-day wait is the most common. 很多人可能不加连字符,但是读音中day没有读出s音,所以按照语法功能要加一个连字符

9, 个别弱读的词听不出

It’s time to get together with friends or family and welcome in the coming year.因为welcome可以直接跟东西所以就很理所当然的把in给省略了10, 听写中可能会有一些固定搭配的名言或固定说法,由于没听过,会写错square pegs in round holes 是格格不入的意思,如果知道就很容易写了,但是不知道很可能会把个别单词写错比如把peg写成pag

11,有些单词明明是一起的 ,我却会把它们分开写

seaside resorts grew rapidly.中会把seaside写成sea side

1.认真对待第一遍，统领全文

第一遍的朗读速度快，首先要抓住文章的主题（topic）。重点不能放在某一个词汇上，而是要善于捕捉关键词，把有把握的词、句合乎逻辑、简洁地联系起来，以便容易地理解篇章内容。听的同时，如有可能，在草稿纸上简单地写下能够反映篇章结构的关键词，以帮助自己清晰地理出文章的篇章结构。即使明日听清楚或没有听到某些词汇或句子也能根据自己的预测和背景知识进行自动弥补。

2.掌握节奏，合理安排时间

往往不是听不懂，而是写不下来。等到有时间回头来写，又忘了听到的内容，懊悔不已。其

实，听力考试每分钟阅读的字数和停顿时间有严格限制：第二遍和第三遍每分钟约念90个词左右，意群、分句和句子之间都有约15秒的空隙。这就像是唱歌，拍子已经固定，我们要做的是跟上节奏，过分的紧张只会造成混乱，直接影响发挥。为了能很好地跟上书写速度，考生应该听完一个意群后再写，不要边听边写。写的同时，既要能快速反应适当的词汇，又要能快速反应出正确的拼写，同时要有自己的一套简写方法。如对待较长的单词可以先缩写，等全部文章听完后再回头来补充完整。例如：dictionary可以先写成dic，到最后检查全文的时候再补充完整。

3.合理利用最后一遍

很多考生认为最后一遍语速较快，根本来不及校对全文。其实如有短小的词缺失，可以简单地打一个符号，然后运用自己的语法知识，在最后检查的时候补充。如：a，an，the，in，on等虚词，完全可以判断出来。如果遇到较长的一段内容缺失，千万不要听一个词写一个词，因为时间有限，可以在心理默记一些内容，写下关键词，最后再补全。

4.仔细检查全文

通过平时训练，发现许多同学不仔细检查所听写内容，认为录音已经放完，听不出来的内容已经没有办法补救了。其实不然，通过通读全文，可以从逻辑上判断一些同音异性的词，或发音相似的词，如：是see还是sea，就可以通过上下文判断出来。

5.运用语法知识进行判断

要充分利用语法知识进行分析，如单复数是否一致、上下文时态是否相配、句子是否完整、大小写是否恰当、介词搭配或词语用法是否合乎规范、前后语意内容是否通顺。

6.增强语感，提高记忆力

平时要多练习大声朗读，有意识地背诵一些好的句子和表达方法，增强对英语语言结构、用词、习惯用语的熟悉，来加强自己的语感。在提高记忆力方面，可通过复述所听过的新闻、看过的故事，或刚读过的文章，延长英语在脑海中的停留时间，练就用英语思维的能力。

英语专四历年听写文本

历年英语专业四级考试听力听写原文（1994年-2007年） The American Family (1994) The concept of family life has changed considerably over the years. / In earliest times, several generations lived together in clans, / which consisted of all living descendents and their husbands or wives. / These clans were almost totally self-sufficient, / every member contributing in some way toward the survival of the group. / The men hunted and fished for food or sometimes maintained flocks of sheep or goats. / The women baked bread and roasted the meat their men provided. / Special members of the community were selected to make products like pottery, baskets and home weapons. / But with the development of greater varieties of food, clothing and shelter, / a single clan could no longer develop all the individual skills the group required. / Clans merged into larger societies and at the same time broke into smaller units consisting of married couples and their children. / Later the Industrial Revolution brought about even more important changes in family life. / New inventions brought shorter working hours for men and easier housekeeping routines for women. / Today a productive family life suggests not the group's cooperative efforts of working together, / but the pleasant and meaningful sharing of its leisure. Unidentified Flying Objects (1995) There are many explanations for why UFOs visit the Earth. / The most popular one is that they maybe visitors from other planets./ To fly such aircraft, their builders must develop different forms of aviation,/because they seem to fly much faster than normal aircraft./ The UFOs, it is believed, must contain scientists/ from other planets who are studying life on earth./ It is even believed that several such aircraft may have landed on earth/ and the space visitors may be living amongst us./ But there are also less fantastic explanations available./ Although some sightings of UFOs are difficult to explain, most can be explained quite easily./ In many cases the observers might have made a mistake./ They might have seen a weather balloon or an aircraft./ Or the light they saw in the sky might have been light from the ground,/ reflected on to the clouds./ However, the exact cause of many sightings still remained a mystery. The Indian Medicine Man (1996) Among the Indians of North America, the medicine man was a very important person. He could cure illness and he could speak to the spirits. The spirits were the supernatural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that bad spirits made people ill. So when people were ill, the medicine man tried to help them by using magic. He spoke to the good spirits and asked for their help. Many people were cured, because they thought the spirits were helping them, but really these people cured themselves. Sometimes your own mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine men were often successful for another reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illness. A lot of medicines are made from the plants that were used by medicine men hundred of years ago. Legal Age for Marriage (1997)

新东方专八冲刺笔记(作文部分)Wendy整理

09.02.01 翻译 专八真题+散文佳作108篇 听力特快 普特听力网 互相英语 特点： 1.较正式的文体 2.只翻译划线部分（汉译英不用看，英译汉最好看完整） 3.人生哲理，道德教育 注意： 1.时间分配 2.书写工整 3.难点应对相对难点绝对难点 英语与汉语对比： 1.英语重结果， 汉译英要还原逻辑关系，还原结构 2.英语重直线，汉语重螺旋 English meat with Chinese bones. 3.语重分析，汉语重综合 还原逻辑词（重点） 4.英语多长句，汉语多短句 5.英语多被动，汉语多主动 6.英语多省略，汉语多补充 E.g. Ambition is the mother of destruction as well as of evil. 野心不仅是罪恶的根源，同时也是毁灭的根源。

7.英语多前重心，汉语多后重心重心前置 8.英语多写实，汉语多联想 9.英语多引申，汉语多推理 “但是”的区别意义： 让步：对推论的否定 转折：直接否定 虚度年华：spend life in vain 翻译时，加插入语处理是一个很好用的方法。实践注意点： 1.理解清晰 字面→实质 例如：冷若冰霜→icy manners to their fans 词语的逻辑关系： 1)偏正 2)动宾 3)并列 2.表达困难 1)拼写 2)时态 3)虚拟域去 4)表达突破 例如：若有所失→a vague sense of loss

如果考试中遇到难点，要灵活处理 上下义改写+同义词替换 2009.02.02写作 教育的目的： Adequate expertise fd Professional commitment Upright conduct Competent mental condition 经典写作模式 Agree or disagree? Introductory paragraph(不写题目) 1. general statement →背景交代 开头先写一个与主题思想相反的观点（以第三人称的方式） ◆多用大词（3个或3个音节以上） 大词含量10%＊400=40 Some /many /a number of people who think this view that……claim that…… Large /great /huge /certain/ considerable /infinite/tremendous /enormous /astronomical Hold /believe / insist / propose / assert/ maintain Idea /standpoint ◆实词要多样化variety

英语专四听力dictation

Digital cameras According to a standard definition, a digital camera is a camera that produces digital images that can be stored in a computer, displayed on a screen and printed. Years ago, people used to possess two different devices in order to take pictures and make videos. The creation of digital cameras was motivated mainly by two factors. First, need to spare space. Second make it more comfortable for people to do both things with higher quality results. the multi-functionalism of digital cameras and combination of several devices in one make it a popular choice for a modern man. For years a digital camera has been unaffordable for many families. However, the variety of digital cameras and various prices nowadays make it possible for almost every single family to buy a digital camera. With increasingly fierce competition, the digital camera manufactures satisfy customers with lower prices but best quality standards. The migration of birds The most obvious feature of birds is that they can fly. This facility gives them great mobility and control over their movements. Many species can travel quickly and economically over long distances, up to thousands of kilometers, if necessary, crossing seas, deserts or other inhospitable areas. They also have great orientation and navigational skills and are able to remember and re-find remote places they have previously visited. Birds can thereby occupy widely separated areas at different seasons, returning repeatedly to the same localities from year to year. Although migration is evident in other animal groups, including insects, mammals and fish, in none is it as widely and well-developed as in birds. The collective travel routes of birds span almost the entire planet. As a result of migration, birds’ distributions are continually changing on regular seasonal patterns and on local, regional or global scales. Benefits of becoming a teacher Becoming a teacher gives you a chance to spend a major portion of your day with children or youngsters. With kids around, you are a part of their world of innocence and purity. It indeed creates a healthy work environment for you. On becoming a teacher, you get a chance to be with children, laughing with them, think their way and enjoy their innocent, silly and hopefully naughty behavior. Apart from this, the nature of your job is that you do not work on weekends and you get your share of holidays. Becoming a teacher entitles you for receiving private scholarships and sponsorships for teaching programs. However, one of the most important benefits of becoming a teacher is that teachers contribute to the shaping of the future generations. They make a difference to society by playing a vital role in nurturing young minds. British and American police officers Real policemen both in Britain and the U.S. hardly recognize any common points between their lives and what they see on TV, if they ever get home in time. Some

英语专业四级考试真题听力部分历年听写原文(2005年-2014年)

英语专业四级考试真题听写原文2005年 The Wrist Watch It is generally believed that wrist watches are an exception / to the normal sequence in the evolution of man's jewelry. / Reversing the usual order, they were first worn by women, / and then adopted by men. / In the old days, queens included wrist watches among their crown jewelry. / Later, they were worn by Swiss workers and farmers. / Until World War I, Americans associated the watch with fortune hunters. / Then army officers discovered that the wrist watch was most practical for active combat. / Race car drivers also loved to wear wrist watches, / and pilots found them most useful while flying. / Soon men dared to wear wrist watches without feeling self-conscious. / By 1924, some 30 percent of man's watches were worn on the wrist. / Today, the figure is 90 percent. / And they are now worn by both men and women / for practical purposes rather than for decoration. 2006年 The internet The internet is the most significant progress in the field of communications.Imagine a book that never rend, a library with milion floors,or imagine a research project with thousands of sientists working around the clock forever.This is the magic of the internet.

专四dictation原文(1993—2012)

Package Holidays (1993) Package holidays, covering a two weeks' stay in an attractive place, are increasingly popular. Once you get to the airport, it is up to the tour operator to see that you get safely to your destination．Everything is laid on for you．There is, in fact, no reason for you to bother to arrange anything yourselves．You make friends and have a good time. But there is very little chance that you will really get to know the local people．This is even less likely on a coach tour, when you spend almost your entire time traveling．Of course, there are carefully planned stops for you to visit historic buildings and monuments. You may visit the beautiful, the historic, the ancient. But time is always short．There is also the added disadvantage of being obliged to spend you holiday with a group of people you have never met before． The American Family (1994) The American family unit is changing. There used to be mainly two types of families, the extended and the nuclear. The former included mother, father, children, and some other relatives such as grandparents, living in the same house or nearby. Then as the economy progressed from agricultural to industrial, people began moving to different parts of the country in order to search for job opportunities. These moves split up the extended family. The nuclear family consisting of only parents and children has therefore become far more wide spread. Today’s family, however, can be composed of diverse combinations. With the divorce rate nearly one in two, there's an increase in single-parent homes—a father or mother living with one or more children. Blended families occur when divorced men and women remarry and combine the children from former marriages into a new family. On the other hand, there is an increase in childless couples while one in rive Americans lives alone. Unidentified Flying Objects (1995) There are many explanations for why UFOs visit the Earth. / The most popular one is that they maybe visitors from other planets./ To fly such aircraft, their builders must develop different forms of aviation,/because they seem to fly much faster than normal aircraft./ The UFOs, it is believed, must contain scientists/ from other planets who are studying life on earth./ It is even believed that several such aircraft may have landed on earth/ and the space visitors may be living amongst us./ But there are also less fantastic explanations available./ Although some sightings of UFOs are difficult to explain, most can be explained quite easily./ In many cases the observers might have made a mistake./ They might have seen a weather balloon or an aircraft./ Or the light they saw in the sky might have been light from the ground,/ reflected on to the clouds./ However, the exact cause of many sightings still remained a mystery. The Indian Medicine Man (1996) Among the Indians of North America, the medicine man was a very important person. He could cure illness and he could speak to the spirits. The spirits were the supernatural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that bad spirits made people ill. So when people were ill, the medicine man tried to help them by using magic. He spoke to the good spirits and asked for their help. Many people were cured, because they thought the spirits were helping them, but really these people cured themselves. Sometimes your own mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine men were often successful for another reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illness. A lot of medicines are made from the plants that were used by medicine men

新东方高中3500核心词汇速记班笔记整理

新东方高中3500 核心词汇速记班笔记整理 字母： Ａ牛，尖锐 Ｂ孕妇，房子 Ｃ拿，喊叫，运输 Ｄ门，向外引导，挖 Ｅ向外，由内而外发散的，窗，眼睛 Ｆ标记（大部分表示的是不好的标记），飞 Ｇ搬运，土地 Ｈ梯子，高，篱笆，手，拥抱 Ｉ自己（eg：im-否定） Ｊ跳跃（这个字母出现在莎士比亚后期） Ｋ嘴，口 Ｌ长度，拉伸，手臂，腿 Ｍ山，水 Ｎ标准，门 Ｏ嘴，圆形的东西 Ｐ手掌 Ｑ女性（女性的背面），敏捷、迅速（猴子） Ｒ芽，草，直立，旋转，路 Ｓ曲线，牙齿，切分 Ｔ连接，舌头，标记（正向的标记） Ｕ（由V 演变而来） Ｖ水，胜利，路，看 Ｗ水，女性（两个V 连起来是W） Ｘ未知，愈 Ｚ曲线 字母互变规律： 1.元音字母互变规律eg: do-de ad-ac 2.辅音字母互变规律eg: f-v b-p r-l-n(南方人老奶奶热牛奶—lao lai lai le liu lai) 3.字母同化规律eg: a+相同的两个字母，则a+第一个字母=ad 4.字母省略规律eg: already的al 实际上是all，“全部”的意思 5.字母错位规律 词根： acu：尖端acute 尖锐的 ag：做,行动agency代理处；agenda 议程 agri：田地,农业agriculture 农业 ann: 年annual 每年的 astro，aster :(star) 星星，天体disaster灾难；astronomy 天文学 audi, audit 听：audible 可听见的；audience 观众，听众 bi，bio：生命：biology 生物学biography 传记 brillil ：发光：brilliant 闪耀的

专四听力原文

Legal Age for Marriage (1997) Throughout the United States, the legal age for marriage shows some difference./ The most com mon age without parents’ consent is 18 for both females and males./ However, persons who are under age in their home state can get married in another state, and then return to the home stat e legally married./ Each state issues its own marriage license./ Both residents and non-residents a re qualified for such a license./ The fees and ceremonies vary greatly from state to state./ Most st ates, for instance, have a blood test requirement, but a few do not./ Most states permit either a c ivil or religious ceremony, but a few require the ceremony to be religious./ In most states a waitin g period is required before the license is issued. /This period is from one to five days depending o n the state. / A three-day-wait is the most common. In some states there is no required waiting p eriod. The Railways in Britain (1998) The success of early railways, such as the lines between big cities,/ led to a great increase in railw ay building in Victorian times. / Between 1835 and 1865 about 25000 kilometers of track were bu ilt,/ and over 100 railway companies were created. / Railway travel transformed people's lives. / Trains were first designed to carry goods. / However, a law in the 19th century forced railway companies to run one cheap train a day / which stopped at every station and cost only a penny a mile. / Soon working class passengers found they could a fford to travel by rail. / Cheap day excursion trains became popular and seaside resorts grew rapi dly. / The railways also provided thousands of new jobs:/ building carriages, running the railways and repairing the tracks. / Railways even changed the time. / The need to run the railways on tim e meant that local time was abolished/ and clocks showed the same time all over the country. / United Nations Day (1999) The 24th of October is celebrated as United Nations Day. /it is a day that belongs to everyone./ A nd it is celebrated in most countries of the world./ Some countries celebrate for a week instead o f a day. /In many parts of the world, schools have special programs for the day. /Boys and girls in s ome communities decorate a UN tree./ In other communities, young people put on plays about t he UN./ Some libraries exhibit children’s art works from around the world. /Schools celebrate wit h the songs and dances of other countries/ or give parties where foods of other countries are ser ved./ No matter how the day is celebrated,/ the purpose of these celebrations is to help everyon e understand the UN,/ and the important roles it plays in world affairs. /The UN encourages peop le to learn about other lands and their customs./ In this way, people can gain a better understand ing and appreciation of peoples all over the world./ What We Know About Language (2000)

专四1995_2004历年真题听力Dictation部分

Unidentified Flying Objects There are many explanations for why UFOs exist on earth. The most popular one is that they may contain visitor from other planets. To fly such an aircraft the builders must develop different forms of aviation, because they seem to fly much faster than normal aircraft. The UFOs, it is believed, must contain scientists from other planets who are studying life on earth. It is even believed that several such aircraft may have landed on earth and the space visitors may be living among us. But there are also less fantastic explanations available. Although some sightings of UFO are difficult to explain, most can be explained quite easily. In many cases the observers might have made a mistake. They might have seen a weather balloon or an aircraft. Or the light they saw in the sky might have been light from the ground reflected onto the clouds. However, the exact cause of many sightings still remains a mystery. 1996 The Indian Medicine Man Among the Indians of North America, the medicine-man was a very important person. He could cure illnesses and he could speak to the spirits. The spirits were the super-natural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that had spirits made people ill. So when people were ill. The medicine man tried to help them by using magic. He spoke to the good spirits and asked for their help. Many people were cured because they thought that these spirits were helping them. But, really, these people curded themselves. Sometimes, your mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine-men were often successful for other reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illnesses. A lot of modern medicines are made from plants that were used by medicine-men hundreds of years ago. 1997 Legal Age for Marriage Throughout the United States, the legal age for marriage shows some difference. The most common age without parents’ consent is 18 for both females and males. However, persons who are under age in their home state can get married in another state, and then return to the home state legally married. Each state issues its own marriage license. Both residents and non-residents are qualified for such a license. The fees and ceremonies vary greatly from state to state. Most states, for instance, have a blood test requirement, but a few do not. Most states permit either a civil or religious ceremony, but a few require the ceremony to be religious. In most states a waiting period is required before the license is issued. This period is from one to five days depending on the state. A three-day-wait is the most common. In some states there is no required waiting period. 1998 The Railway in Britain The success of early railways, such as the lines between big cities, led to a great increase in railway building in Victorian times. Between 1835 and 1865 about 25000 kilometers of track were built, and over 100 railway companies were created. Railway travel transformed people’s lives. Trains were first designed to carry to goods. However, a law in the 19th century forced railway companies to run one cheap train a day which stopped at every station and cost only a penny a mile. Soon working class passengers found they could afford to travel by rail. Cheap day excursion trains became popular and seaside resorts grew rapidly. The railways also provided thousands of new jobs: building carriages, running the railways and repairing the tracks. Railways even changed the time. The need to run the railways on time meant that local time was abolished and clocks showed the same time all over the country.