【英语】高考英语易错题专题三现在完成时(含解析)含解析

【英语】高考英语易错题专题三现在完成时(含解析)含解析

一、单项选择现在完成时

1．Throughout the history of movie-making, Shakespeare’s plays for films more than the works of any other writer.

A．were being adapted B．would be adapted

C．have been adapted D．are adapted

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：纵观电影制作的历史，莎士比亚的戏剧被改编成电影的次数要比其他作家的作品被改编成电影的次数多。由“Throughout the history of movie-making,”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语Shakespeare’s plays，与谓语adapt为被动。所以用现在完成时的被动语态have been adapted。故C选项正确。

2．He is the only one of the students who _____ a winner of scholarship five times up to now. A．is B．are

C．have been D．has been

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：他是唯一一位三年奖学金获得者的学生。句中的先行词为the only one，在定语从句中作主语，故谓语动词用单数。根据句中的时间状语for three years，故时态用现在完成时。故D正确。

3．With people paying attention to fitness, self-service mini-gyms, each covering about 5 square meters, ________ in China’s major cities these years.

A．have sprung up B．sprang up

C．had sprung up D．spring up

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：这些年，随着人们对健身的重视，面积约5平方米的自助迷你健身房如雨后春笋般在中国各大城市兴起。根据these years“这些年”，可知句子用现在完成时态，故答案为A。

4．The Reform and Opening-up, having passed its brilliant age of 40 years ,____the backward situation of the Chinese nation and influenced the world.

A．change B．changes

C．has changed D．have changed

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：改革开放，走过了辉煌的40年，改变了中华民族的落后局面并影响世界。句中强调“改革开放40年”对现在的影响，故用现在完成时。故选C。

5．In the last few years, China ________ great achievements in environmental protection. A．was making B．made

C．had made D．has made

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：在过去几年里，中国已经在环境保护方面取得了很大的成就。时间状语“In the last few years”表明应该使用现在完成时，故D项正确。

6．______to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.

A．Having been asked B．To ask

C．Having asked D．To be asked

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：“由于那天晚上被要求加班，我错过了一场精彩的电影”，主语“我”和动词ask之间是动宾关系，要用过去分词，“被要求加班”这一动作发生在动作missed之前，要用过去分词的完成式having been asked，A项正确；B项 to ask是动词不定式，表示目的或将要发生的动作，不正确；C项 having asked 是现在分词的完成式，不正确；D项 to be asked 是动词不定式的被动形式，不符合语境，故选A。

考点：考查非谓语动词

7．With the development of the intelligent robot technology, people _______ the importance of cooperating among robots, and the challenge in practice.

A．have been noticed B．are noticing

C．will notice D．have noticed

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时态。句意：随着智能机器人技术的发展，人们已经注意到机器人之间合作的重要性，以及在实践中的挑战。结合句意可知句子用现在完成时态，people是句子主语，故答案为D。

8．They____for ten years.

A．has been married B．have been married

C．got married D．married

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查marry的用法。句意：他们结婚有十年的时间了。marry作不及物动词时有两种用法：get married to sb.（表动作）/be married to sb.（表状态）；作及物动词时有marry sb.，根据for ten years可知，此处应当用be married to sb.强调状态，用现在完成时。故B 选项正确。

9．—In the last few months, Kenny _____ more than 1,000 dollars for breaking traffic rules.—No surprise. He is always being careless.

A．would be fined B．had been fined C．has been fined D．will be fined

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意：——在过去的几个月里，肯尼已经因为违反交通规则被罚1000多美元。——不奇怪，他一向很粗心。in the last few months意为“过去的几个月来”，时间是从过去一直持续到现在，应该用现在完成时，主语与fine是被动关系，故选C项。

10．--- When will the bike-sharing schemes be introduced to the public?

--- Not until a better understanding of them.

A．will we have had B．have we had

C．we will have had D．we have had

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查not until 位于句首时，句子使用部分倒装句的用法。句意： ---什么时候共享单车计划才会向公众开放呀？---直到我们对他们有一个更好的了解的时候，就会开放了。not until 位于句首时主句部分倒装，而until引导的时间状语从句不用倒装。再联系本句时态，说的是以后的事，所以主句用将来时态，从句用现在时态，故选D。

11．Linda ________ to her mother for so long that she figures out almost every gesture of her mother’s.

A．attended B．had attended C．would attend D．has attended

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时。句意：琳达照顾她母亲太久了，她几乎能领会母亲的每一个动作。分析

句意可知，本句为现在完成时，表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在。由“she figures out almost every gesture of her mother’s ”可知，琳达照顾她母亲太久了。对现在的影响是，她几乎能领会母亲的每一个动作。故D选项正确。

12．Much disappointed as he is in the job interview, he still keeps his confidence.

A．to have failed B．failed

C．having failed D．failing

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：考查动词的时态。由题目he still keeps his confidence（他仍然保持自信）可知此处强调这件事带来的结果对后面产生了影响,因此用现在完成时态，句意为尽管他面试失败很失望，但他仍然保持自信。故选A。

考点：考查动词的时态。

13．The boy pretended ______ asleep when his father came back.

A．to fall B．to have fallen

C．to be falling D．have fallen

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句型和时态。句意：他的父亲回来时，这个男孩假装睡着了。pretend to do sth.假装做某事，该句型是固定句型。表示动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，用现在完成时，故选B。

14．Never _____met such a person before.

A．did I B．I have

C．have I D．Am I

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查倒装句及时态。句意：我以前从未见过这样的人。根据句意可知，此处强调对现在的影响，应使用现在完成时。never位于句首时，句子要求使用部分倒装，助动词提前。故C 选项正确。

15．This is the third time I____ Hong Kong. The second time I____ here was on Christmas Day last year.

A．have visited; came B．have visited; have come

C．visit; came D．visited; had come

【答案】A

【详解】

考查时态。句意：这是我第三次来香港，第二次我在这里的时候是去年的圣诞节那一天。第一句考查了固定句式：This/It is/was the 序数词 time sb have/has/had done sth，该句式意为“这是某人第几次做某事”，所以第一空中使用have visited；第二空中用一般过去时描述过去发生的事情。故A项正确。

【点睛】

本题第一空考查了特殊句式“It /That/This is the...time that sb have done sth；该句式意为“这是某人第几次做某事”；结合日常生活实际，能够计算到这是第几次做某事，表明该动作已经发生，因此，要用完成时态——主句用现在时，从句用现在完成时；主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。

16．My father ____his little store rapidly into a big department store in the past ten years. A．has developed B．developed

C．is developing D．develops

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：在过去10年里，我的父亲把他的小店发展成了一个大型的购物商店。本句时间状语in the past ten yeas通常要和现在完成时连用，故A项正确。

17．Over the last 3 decades, the number of people taking part in voluntary work ______ sharply. A．was increasing B．has increased

C．had increased D．will be increasing

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

考查动词时态

【详解】

句意：在过去三十年里，参加志愿者活动的人们的数量急剧增长。根据题干中Over the last 3 decades 得知是现在完成时，主语the number 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故选B。

18．—Hello, I have heard you are on holiday.

—That’s not the case. Actually I ______ from my holiday in Athens, where I ______ for a fortnight. A．returned; stayed B．have returned; stayed

C．will return; stay D．am to return; stay

【答案】B

【解析】

考查时态。句意：—你好，我听说你在度假。—不是这样的，我已经从雅典度假回来了，我在那里待了两个星期。根据句意可知，我已经回来，所以用现在完成时have returned。根据语境，stay这个动作已经结束，表示过去发生的动作，所以第二空用一般过去时。故B选项正确。

19．After he left college, he was employed in an international company and there ever since . A．worked B．had worked

C．has worked D．was working

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：他大学毕业以后，被一家跨国公司雇佣了，从那以后就一直在那里工作。句中时间状语ever since意为“从那以后”，表示从过去时间开始到现在，通常与现在完成时连用，故C项正确。

20．I am a better reader this year than I was last year because I ________ to hundreds of new concepts and ideas.

A．have exposed B．had been exposed C．have been exposed D．was exposed

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】

考查时态。

【详解】

句意：今年我比去年更擅长阅读，因为我接触了数百种新的概念和想法。由上文可知“阅读”的动作发生在去年，延续到今年，并对现在产生了影响，故应为现在完成时。Expose“暴露；揭发”为瞬间性动词，此处现在完成时需改为延续性动词表示“接触”的状态，故用be exposed。综上本题最终选C。

21．My mother ______ the window already, so the room looks much brighter.

A．had cleaned B．has cleaned

C．is cleaning D．will clean

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：我妈妈已经把窗户擦好了，所以房间看起来明亮多了。根据“so the room looks much brighter”可知此处强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应该用现在完成时，故B 项正确。

22．In the last few years, China ___ great achievements in environmental protection.

A．has made B．had made

C．was making D．is making

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态。句意：在过去的这些年里，中国在环境保护中取得了很大的成就。由时间状语in the last few years可推知动作从过去一段时间持续到现在并对现在造成影响，用现在完成时。故选A。

【名师点睛】

判断时态可以从时间状语入手，题干中的in the last few years为现在完成时的时间标志词。类似的还有over/ for/ during the last/ past years/months…均为现在完成时的时间标志，所以做此类题时，需要先看句子中是否有明确的时间点，然后我再判断时态。

23．This isn't the first time the shareholders Zuckerberg to step down from his dual roles, which would help him focus on running the company

A．have wanted B．wanted C．will want. D．want

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：这并不是股东们第一次希望扎克伯格放弃他的双重角色，这将帮助他专注于管理公司。句型It/This is the first time后接从句，从句用现在完成时。故选A。

【点睛】

在It/This is/was the first/second......time +that....句型中，意为：某人第几次做某事。当主句的谓语动词为is时，从句一般用现在完成时；当主句的谓语动词为was时，从句一般用过去完成时。本题抓住题中时态isn't可知，从句用现在完成时。

24．—Is this the first time you ________ Chonqing?

—No. The first time I ________ here, the city wasn’t so fascinating.

A．visited; came B．visited; have come

C．have visited; have come D．have visited; came

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：——这是你第一次来重庆吗? ——不。我第一次来的时候，这个城市并没有那么迷人。句型It/This is first/second/third…+从句，从句用现在完成时，表示“某人第几次做某事”；The first time“首次；第一次”，常引导时间状语从句，根据主句“the city wasn’t so fascinating.”时态可知，用一般过去时。故选D。

25．—The room is dirty.

—Sorry, It ______ for weeks and I will do it now.

A．hasn’t cleaned B．hasn’t been cleaned

C．wasn’t cleaned D．didn’t clean

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：——房间很脏。——对不起，已经几个星期没打扫了，我现在就打扫。此处It是句子主语，指的是the room，和clean之间是被动关系，再根据for weeks和now可知句子用现在完成时态的被动语态结合句意，因此用hasn't been done。故选B。

26．I ________ Mr. Bert of the change of the meeting. You don’t have to phone him again. A．have informed B．will have informed

C．would inform D．had informed

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词时态。句意：我已告知Mr. Bert会议的改变。你没必要再给他打电话。根据语境可知，句子应用现在完成时态表示过去的动作对现在的影响，故答案为A。

27．––Why are you buying a new refrigerator?

––The old one ______ so many times that it’s not worth it any more.

A．has repaired B．is repaired

C．has been repaired D．has been repairing

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：——你为什么要买一台新冰箱？——旧的冰箱已经被修过很多次了，它都不值得再修了。表示现在之前的动作对现在造成的影响用现在完成时，主语“冰箱”和“修理”是被动关系，故选C。

28．- -Did you watch the news about the success story of a farmer in Longhu last night? Yes. By using an e-commerce platform, his fruit business ____ nationwide.

A．is expanding B．has expanded C．would expand D．was expanding 【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：——你看了昨晚龙湖农民的成功事迹的新闻了吗？——看了。通过使用网络商业平台，他的水果生意已经做到全国了。分析句子可知，生意已经做到了全国范围，对现在造成了影响，且现在这个生意依旧在进行，故应用现在完成时。故选B

29．Commercial and recreational fishing _______ population sizes and also made individuals

smaller, since big fish _______ and smaller ones thrown back.

A．decreased; kept B．had decreased; are kept

C．has decreased; keep D．has decreased; are kept

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意：商业和休闲捕鱼减少了种群规模，也使个体变小，因为大鱼被保留下来，小鱼被扔回大海。结合句意第一空是强调现在的结果，用现在完成时态；第二空是一般现在时态的被动语态，主语big fish与keep是被动关系，故答案为D。

30．You’d better try ______ second time if it is ______ first time that you ____.

A．the; the; fail B．a; the; have failed

C．a; the; should fail D．the; a; fail

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查冠词、固定句型、时态。句意：如果这是你第一次失败，你最好再试一次。

第一空：“不定冠词a/an+序数词”表示“又一，再一”；“定冠词the+序数词”表示顺序“第一/第二….”；

第二、三空：句型It is the first time that ….“这是（某人）第一次做…”,从句用现在完成时。故选B项。

31．Such a craze _____ the pursuit of fashion become that some schools have to ban it for being too distracting and for fueling envy-rooted bullying.

A．does B．did C．had D．has

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查部分倒装和现在完成时态。句意：追求时尚已经变得如此的疯狂以至于一些学校不得不禁止它,因为太多的分心和燃起了嫉妒的欺凌。 such...that和so…that表示“如此……以至于……”，当such和so位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装，that后的语序不变。由于句中have to使用的是一般现在时，根据句意（追求时尚已经变得如此的疯狂），可知前半句应用现在完成时。故选D。

32．John and I＿＿＿friends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we＿＿＿＿＿ each other a couple of times before that.

A．had been； have met B．have been； have met

C．had been； had met D．have been； had met

【答案】D

【详解】

考查动词时态。句意：我和约翰做朋友已经8年了，我们开始了解彼此是在一次圣诞晚会上，但在那之前我们见过两次面。第一空是表示过去到现在做8年时间的朋友，用现在完成时；第二空是指在圣诞节见面got to know each other用的过去时，在此以前见过，表示的是"过去的过去"用过去完成时；故选D。

33．The number of the students who want to take the test on the mainland_________ steadily in recent years, with the average staying about 70,000 a year.

A．grew B．has grown C．have grown D．had grown

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和时态。句意：近年来，希望到内地参加考试的学生人数稳步增长，平均每年在7万人左右。A. grew一般过去时；B. has grown现在完成时（主语为单数意义）C. have grown现在完成时（主语为复数意义）；D. had grown过去完成时。分析句子可知，主语结构为the number of … 结构，意为“…的数量”，应看作为三单形式，且由 in recent years 时间状语可知时态为现在完成时。故选B项。

【点睛】

a number of…意思是“一些，若干”（= some），后接可数名词复数或代词，谓语动词用复数形式。a number of…词组中还可以加入形容词表示数量大或小等（例如：a large/small number of…许多/少数……）。

the number of…意思是“……的数字/数目”，介词of同其后名词构成介词短语，修饰the number.当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

本题考查在主谓一致方面，需要分清主语为the number of students，学生的数量。因此可知谓语动词应用单数形式。结合时态提示词in recent years，应用现在完成时。因此选择B 项。

34．Never before ________ such a difficult time, and nor ________.

A．we have experienced; they have B．have we experienced; have they

C．did we experience; they did D．we had experienced; had they

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和倒装句。句意：以前我们从没经历过如此艰难的时期，他们也没有经历过。never before“从来没有，前所未有”，要与完成时态连用，位于句首时句子需要使用部分倒装，即助动词have/has提前；nor放句首引导倒装句，意为“……也不……”，句子需要部分倒装，与上文助动词保持一致。故选B。

【点睛】

1）句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until…等。

Never have I seen such a performance.

Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。比如：I have never seen such a performance.

The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

2）否定词开头作部分倒装

如Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等，要倒装。例如：

Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.

Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.

No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

3）so, neither, nor作部分倒装

用这些词表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。例如：

Tom can speak French. So can Jack.

If you won't go, neither will I.

4）only+ 副词/介词/状语从句位于句首，要部分倒装

Only in this way, can you learn English well.

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.

如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。

Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.

35．The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________rising steadily since 2010.

A．is B．are

C．has been D．have been

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】【详解】

考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自从2010年以来，上中国大学的外国学生的数量一直在增长。根据时间状语since 2010可知，用现在完成时态，The number of……作主语，后面的谓语动词用单数，故选C。

36．—Is this the first time that you ______ Nanchang?

—No. But it has been 3 years since I last ____ here.

A．visit; come B．have visited; came C．visited; came D．have visited; come 【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

考查时态。句意：—这是你第一次来南昌吗？—-不。但是自从我上次来这里已经三年了。这里考查句式This is the first time that…“这是第一次……”，that从句中谓语动词用现在完成时；since“自从”，从句的时态用一般过去时。故选B。

【点睛】

It/This is the first time+ that-结构中，that-从句通常用现在完成时：

It’s the first time（that）the boy has spoken to a foreigner.这个男孩还是第一次同外国人说话. It’s the first time that she’s seen an elephant.这是她第一次见到大象。

有时以上结构中的first 也可换成second，third，fourth等；其中的time也可换成其他名词：

It's the first month that he has lived here. 这是他第一个月住在这里。

This is the second cigarette that he has smoked today. 这是他今天抽的第二支烟。

若It was the first time that-结构中，that-从句通常用过去完成时，有时也用一般过去时，有时若有包括现在在内的时间状语，偶尔还可用现在完成时：

She was lucky because that was the second time she（had）visited Japan that year.

她很幸运，那是她那年第二次参观日本。

37．Television is more than an electronic equipment; it _____ a powerful tool for communication.

A．was becoming B．has become C．had become D．will become

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意: 电视不仅仅是一种电子设备；它已成为强大的交流工具。根据前文的is 可知本句应该用现在时。根据句意，这里表达的是电视“已经成为”强大的交流工具，是过去发生的事到现在造成的结果，所以用现在完成时，故选B项。

38．— Why do you look very upset?

— The electricity was cut off suddenly and my essay ________ unfinished since.

A．was left B．has left

C．had been left D．has been left

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意：——你为什么看起来很沮丧？——突然停电了，那时我的文章就没写完。句中leave与主语essay 构成动宾关系，要用被动形式；句中时间状语since表示从那时起到现在文章一直没写完，是现在完成时态的时间状语。故选D。

39．The musician along with his band members ________ ten performances in the last three

A．gives B．has given C．have given D．give

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。

40．－What's your father's attitude to your new job?

－I ______ ideas with him up to now. However, he always lets me make up my mind.

A．won't exchange B．didn't exchange C．don't exchange D．haven't exchanged 【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：--你父亲对你的新工作持什么态度？--到目前为止我还没有和他交换过意见。但是，他总是让我下决心。由句中的时间状语up to now可知，此处应用现在完成时。故选D。

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