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2013上海海事大学考研资料英语

2013上海海事大学考研资料英语
2013上海海事大学考研资料英语

重要提示:英汉互译做题时行与行之间最好空一行,留有一定空间给老师改卷子,会增加分值,卷面要整洁。

以下内容英译汉的仅会出现在英译汉考题中,汉译英的仅会出现在汉译英考题中,两者不会互换!

2009年翻译考前资料

一、词义准确:词汇推敲,内外延,褒贬义,语体色彩

1Sometimes a person who presents himself as kind and gentle come in private turn out to be a dragon, who breathes fire. (源自James.Aronson)

有时,某人在公开场合显得和蔼可亲,温文尔雅,但在私下里却像个凶神恶煞。

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/754594941.html,y offs are sometimes a matter of corporate survival.

下岗有时是企业里你死我活,钩心斗角的结果。

3. they found that the digested fertilizer produced bigger and better tasting apples than did other fertilizers and the weight of root vegetables nearly doubled

他们发现施用经分解的肥料于其他肥料相比所产的苹果个体更大,味道更美,而块根类蔬菜的产量也几乎翻了一倍。

4.He argued that the invention does not determine whether a person within earshot of a radio program is actually listening.

他认为该发明不能断定一个离收音机近在咫尺的人是否真的在收听节目。

5.The software is being evaluated on the Internet.

该软件正在因特网上进行测试(原意为评估)。

6. The revised law should also give more autonomy to rural communities (源自Migrants 'must have more say')

修订后的法律应给予农村地区更多的自主权。

7.But though he warns that Big Brother is watching the network of Cameras in NewYork , is by no means centralized.(源自Watching Big Brother; On This Tour, Hidden Cameras Are Hidden No More)

Big Brother:一个独裁者;为一个机构提供引导保护的人,主张由专制政府向个人施加强制通知的;此处译为网管

尽管他警告说网管在监控着,然而纽约的视频网络还不集中。

二、词性转化

1.Her own tension was not lessened by the knowledge that both might return at any moment. (源自Blackmail Arthur Hailey)

他知道父母随死可能回来,这使他紧张的心情得不到放松。

2.Improper waste disposal spreads diseases and contaminates water sources

垃圾处理不当会传播疾病,污染水源

3.On the afternoon of that eventful day, I stood on the porch,dumb,expectant

在那天那个重要的下午,我一声不响,怀着期待的心情站在门廊里。

4.Such criticisms have become familiar in his later commentraries on

American.

类似的批评在他后来写的评论美国的文章中屡见不鲜。

5.It was a very informative meeting.

会上透露了许多信息。

6.We are hopeful that we are going to be ale to continue our happy life.

我们希望幸福生活可以持续下去。

7.He was confident in his own opinion but he was wrong.

他坚信自己的观点,但他错了。

8.Democratic processes are cleary evident in the widespread participation of the people in social and politcal life.(源自大学英语六

级模拟试卷(六十一))

民主进程在老百姓广泛参与社会生活中得到了明显体现

9.vietamese war is a drain on American resources.

越南战争不断消耗美国的资源。

三、增词

1.The remedies you proposed are neat and easy but impossible.

你所提出的补救方案(措施)说得轻巧可根本行不通。

2、Courage in excess become fool hardiness,affection weakness,thrifty avarice

勇敢过度即成蛮勇,感情过度即成溺爱,节俭过度即成贪婪。

3.Studies serve for delight,for ornament,and for ability.(源自培

根《论学习》)

读书足以怡情,足以傅彩,足以长才

4、They expound democratic principles,emphasizing equality over hierarchy and rationalism over tradition.(源自GMAT的RC 1000 Passage 68)

他们阐述民主原则,强调平等优于等级制度,强调理性优于传统。

5、A willingness to help other members of the group and to support without qualification the interests of the group in all its external relations is still a widely respected virtue.

原意帮助其他成员以及尽管自己没这样做但在各种外部关系中仍原意维护该团体的利益,这种做法仍得到人们的普遍赞誉。

6、But an apology with little substance does little to mollify the cardholders whose time was wasted in stores。

但这种无实质内容的道歉并不能打消持卡人的怒气,他们的时间都在商店浪费了。

7、A gas exerts the same pressure in a mixture of gases as if would exert if it were in the container alone

在混合的几种气体中,每种气体所具有的压力都于它单独在容器中的压力一样。

8、NASDAQ, acronym for the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation system, is one of the largest markets in the world for the trading of stocks.(源自《什么是纳斯达克》)

纳斯达克(NASDAQ)是全美证券交易协会自动报价系统的首字母缩略词。它是当今世界上最大的股票交易市场之一。

四before 的译法

1、He won by promising to lure Portuguese forward Figo

from rival Barcelona, and fulfilled his pledge at a cost of

almost 62 million euros before chasing after other

stars.(源自The Team Money Built | Newsweek Business |

Newsweek)

他获选的原因是许诺要把葡萄牙的前锋菲戈从对手巴萨那里挖过来,并以近6200万欧元兑现了诺言,随后开始了一系列的挖星行动。

2 、And every science worker will have to make numerous accurate computations before he can say that the results of his experiment are correct.

每个科学工作者必须作出大量的精确计算之后才能说他的实验结果是正确的。

3、They had been married for a month before they quarreled.

他们结婚还不到一个月就吵架了。

4、Study and work hard before you become old

趁着年富力强的时候,要努力学习和工作。(源自从before(conj)的翻译方法看大学英语词汇教学)

5、He would die before he would betray his country.

他宁愿死也不背叛国家。

五、网络新词

1、baby boomerang 啃老族=NEET Generation(三不一族,no education no employment no training)

2、local area network:局域网

3、podcast、podcaster播客

4、blog、blogger 博客

5、moderater网管

6、中国宇航员:Taikongnaut 北京人:Beijinger

六.英语习语翻译

1、We wanted to leave on the train in the morning but it doesn’t go until afternoon,so we must go then.Beggars can not be choosers.

我们本想乘早上的火车走,可它下午才开,我们只好下午走,我们做不了主,得随人家。

2. They passed muster with the sentries

他们通过了哨兵的检查。

3. The grass is always greener on the other hill

这山望着那山高

4.Mr Smith’s fence is rotting and falling down because he wouldn't

spend money to pain it .He is penny wise and pound foolish.

史密斯先生家的围栏已因腐烂而快要倒塌了,因为他不愿花钱漆一下。他是小处精明大处糊涂。

5、Among so many well-dressed and cultured people,the country girl felt like a fish out of the water.(源自Literal Translation and Free Translation)

同那么多穿着体面又有教养的人在一起,这个乡下姑娘觉得很不自在。

七.一词多义

1、He translated the individualistic and humanistic goals of democracy into egoistic and materialistic ones. (源自大学英语六级模拟试卷(六十一))

把民主观念的个人主义和以为本的目标解释为利己主义和实利主义。

2.This can save compost materials from being burned。

这可避免物料堆积引起自燃。

3.Poetry is at once the most intimate and the most articulate of the arts. 诗歌是艺术形式中最具个人特色同时使最能传达情感的。(源自Business in Literature)

英译汉

八.篇章句法:

结构调整:先从后主汉语:结构连词少,意合语言,时空顺序

英语:连接词多,形合语言

1、It is scaring that a whole generation of children is being raised in a way that has never happened before(源自时代的The Child-Care Dilemma)

整一代孩子以一种闻所未闻的方式抚养,真令所有人担心。

2、It was all the more delighted when, as a result of the initiative

of your Government it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly.(查自口译考试应试技巧)

由于贵国政府的提议,才得以这样快地重新实现访问。这使我很高兴。

3、The oceans are huge regulators of heat ,as they move around

the surface of the planet and have observed 30 timesmore heat than the atmosphere since 1955.

海洋围着地球表面流动,是巨大的热能调节器,自1955年以来,海洋吸收的热量是大气层吸收热量的30倍。

4 Great change took place in the country to liberate the individual from authoritatian restraints。

为解除专制主义对个人的限制,该国发生了重大变革。

5 Nationalism and militarism became dominent largely because of the collapse of the democratic government

很大程度上由于民主政府的垮台,民族主义和军事主义又占据了主导地位。

汉译英

一、转修饰,把松散的并列结构变为修饰关系

1.那是一种和平的静穆而不是阴森和肃杀。

There you will experience a kind of peaceful calmness rather than gloomy sternness

2.一个事件改变了他生命的整个道路

An event dramatically changed the course of his life

4.生命的光彩

One’s glorious life

1.修养和品性

Cultivated personality

二.词义具体

1.什么书在什么时候再去读,再去翻,连我自己也无把握。

But I have little idea which book is to be read or looked over again at what time.

2.把握先进文化前进方向

Keep the orientation/direction of the advanced culture.

3.做生意要有买卖不成仁义在的气度。

When we do business we should display our tolerance event if the business failed

5.令人触目惊心的一件事是看者钟表上的秒针一下一下地移动,每

移动一下就表示我们的寿命已经缩短了一部分。(源自《澳洲观察》涂成林著)

It is startling to see a watch or clock clicking away the seconds.Each clicking means the shortening of one’s life by a little bit.

6.我们要不流于俗见。

We should not be confined by the prejudice。

7.宇宙大化,刻刻流转,决不停留

The universe as well as human life is changing non-stop all the time

三加连接词

1.雨声渐渐的住了,窗帘后隐隐地透出光线来

As the rain gradually leased to patter,a glimmes of light began to filter into the room through the window curtain。

2.经过最近的这一番波折,紧张和痛苦,这天晚上我感到了点安慰。After experimenting the ups and downs,the tension and agonies of the recent past,I felt cheerful that evening

3.男人四十一朵花,女人四十豆腐渣

A man in his forties is a flower in bloom,but a woman is soybean residue

4.在一定程度上,这是很自然的,我们往往惧怕陌生的东西

To some extent,this is natural for we are often afraid of what we are not familiar with

四形象词语的处理

1.黄金岁月;

the prime of one’s life

2.事情过去了,在显示自己的先知先觉,就被人讽刺为事后诸葛亮,因为诸葛亮是事先就知道事情的结果的

This is used to satirize the people who only show their wise perception after the event because the real master would be able to foresee the consequences before they happened

3.一个人处于顺境时应未雨绸缪

A man in fair weather should make provision for rainy days

五习语的翻译(偏直译)

1不经一事不长一智

Experience is the mother of wisdom

2.生于忧患死于安乐

Adversity spurs vitality while comfort breeds sloth

3.疾风知劲草,烈火炼真金

Stardy grass withstand high winds,true gold stands the test of fire 4路遥知马力,日久见人心

A distant journey tests the strength of a horse and a long task proves the character of a man

5.满招损,谦受益

Haughtiness invites ruin; humility receives benefits.

6.大江东去,浪淘尽,千古风流人物

The endless river eastward flows,with its huge waves are gone all those gallant heroes bygone years

六.范畴词(没有意义的词,省去不译)

1.采取推卸责任或者逃避的态度

Shuffle or escape one’s duty

2.在他们间煽动敌对情绪

Stir up hostility between them。

3. 社会动荡的局面

Social unrest

4.有关贫困状况,就业状况和工资收入状况的统计数字

The statistics on poverty,employment and earning

5.担任领导职务

Assume the leadership

6.就业率的增加不足以吸收劳动力的增加

The increase in employment (rate)will be inadequate to absorb the growth in the labor force

8.上世纪七八十年代,自行车在中国的普及率可以说仅次于筷子。

Its popularity in china was next only to chopsticks in the 1970s

and 1980s.

9.由于失业率增高,美元币值下降,股票市场处于困境之中,经济

问题将是总统所面临的最严峻的考验。

With high unemployment, the low dollar and the stock market in distress, the economy will be the president’s sternest trail.

10.有个同事前年结婚了,目前尚无生育计划,工作仍旧是他生活里

最得意的项目。

A colleague of mine married two years ago, but still has no intention of starting a family. Work remains her greatness source of pride. 七.理解正确

1.自然死亡属于心脏停止跳动,是一种普遍的死亡形式

Natural death,caused by discontinuation of the heartbeat,is a common form of death

2.我认为,他是不会喜怒形于色的(否定在主句)

I don’t think that he would ever show his emotions on the surface。

3.虚度光阴

Waste one’s life/idle away one’s life

4.你就很可能不肯让燃煤电厂建在你家附近,就像不可能让核反应堆建在你家附近一样(源自大学英语精读修订本/大学英语精读修订本第四册/REVISION)

You may not like a coal burning power station to be built near your home the same way you may not like a nuclear reactor to be built in your neighborhood.

八、文章

人的一生,不可能永远一帆风顺,不可避免要遭受这样或那样的

失败,只不过有的人栽跟头栽得多些,有的人栽得少些罢了。可以说,人生就是不断栽跟头,而又不断爬起来前行的漫长过程。

失败的下一站是“痛苦”,但却不是终点站,而是岔道口。这岔道口岔出两条路:一条是心灰意冷,一蹶不振的路,这条路通向彻底的失败;另一条是汲取教训,再接再厉的路,这条路通向再失败或失败的反面--成功,但只有踏上这条路,才有成功的希望。因此,一个人遭到了失败,并不意味着这就是最终的结果。问题在于:站在"痛苦"这个岔道口的时候,自己选择的是哪一条路。

失败并不可怕,痛苦并不可怜;只有怯懦才是可悲的。失败是一个未知数。当我们在失败之余,勇于化痛苦为动力,那么,就有可能从"痛苦"这个"岔道口",找到通向成功之路。

people do not lead a life that always goes smoothly,various setbacks are inevitable . Some may have more falls than others. So we say life is long process of failing down and getting up to go forward . When you fail, you feel hurt. You should not take the failure as final but as a cross to bear.Here you face 2 choices,one makes you feel depressed and defected,which leads you to complete failure.The other helps you to draw lessons and exert yourself again, which leads you perhaps to another failure ,or the opposite of failure, a success. Therefore, when you meet with failure you should not take it as a painful obstacle ,at which you have to make a choice. Failure is not frightening suffering from failure is not pitiful,and only drawing back from failure is really

sad.Failure is not always final.If we meet with failure, we should turn it into motivation and at this juncture we may find a way to success.

2019考研英语二词汇大纲表(一)

2019考研英语词汇大纲中的词汇你掌握了多少个呢?我们来看看2019考研英语二词汇大纲表吧! 1. a [ei] art.一(个);每一(个);(同类事物中)任一个 2. abandon [?'b?nd ?n] vt. 离弃,丢弃 ;遗弃,抛弃 ;放弃 3. abdomen [?b'd?umen] n.腹,下腹 (胸部到腿部的部分 ) 4. abatement [?'beitm ?nt] n. 减 (免 )税,打折扣,冲销 5. abide [?'baid] vi.(abode, abided)(by) 遵守 ;坚持 ;vt. 忍受,容忍 6. ability [?'biliti] n. 能力 ;本领 ;才能,才干 ;专门技能,天资 7. able ['eibl] a.有 (能力、时间、知识等 )做某事,有本事的 8. abnormal [?b'n?:m ?l] a. 反常的,不正常的,不规则的 9. aboard [?'b ?:d] ad.&prep.在船 (飞机、车 )上 ;ad. 上船 (飞机、车 ) 10. abolish [?'b ?li ?] vt. 废除 (法律、习惯等 ); 取消 11. abound [?'baund] vi. 大量存在 ;(~in ,~with) 充满,富于 12. about [?'baut] ad. 在周围 ;大约 prep. 关于 ;在周围 a.准备 13. above [?'b ?v] a. 上述的ad. 在上面 ,在前文 prep. 在 ..之上,高于 14. abroad [?'br ?:d] ad. 到国外,在国外 ;在传播,在流传 15. abrupt [?'br ?pt] a. 突然的,出其不意的 ;(行为等 )粗鲁无礼的 16. absence ['?bs?ns] n. 缺乏,不存在 ;缺席,不在场 ;缺席的时间 17. absent ['?bs?nt, ?b'sent] a. 缺席的 ;缺乏的 ,不存在的 ;心不在焉的 18. absolute ['?bs?lju:t] a.绝对的,完全的 ;确实的,肯定的 19. absorb [?b's ?:b, -'z ?:b] vt. 吸收 (水、光、蒸汽等 );使全神贯注 ;吞并 / 兼并 20. abstract ['?bstr?kt] a.n. 摘抽要象的,文摘 ,梗概 vt. 提取 ;摘录要点

2013考研英语全文翻译

2013 Text1 2006 年的一部电影《穿普拉达的女王》有段情节这样演绎:Meryl Streepb 扮演的Miranda Priestly,斥责她毫无吸引力的助手,因为她反映高端时尚并不能感染她,然后Priestly,说明了助手毛衫的深蓝色是如何从时尚展览中慢慢伸展到百货商店再到平价店中,毫无疑问是这个可怜女孩挑选了这件衣服的地方。 Elizabeth Cline 对“快餐时尚”的这三年时尚业管理严密的理念已经非常过时了,或与 Zara,的控诉书《过度装扮》中所描述的狂热不一致。在过去的十几年里,技术的发展使得像 H&M ,Uniqlo等的一些大众市场商标更快地对趋势做出反应,更精确的抢占市场需求。更快地周转意味着更少的库存浪费,更频繁的发布,更高的利润。这些商标煽动那些关心样式而且,他们不做广告,并每隔几周就全部的消费者把衣服当做只洗一到两次的一次性物品, 更新店面的衣服。Cline 认为,这些品牌以极低的价格提供潮流商品的这种行为是在抢劫时尚圈,动摇了这个产业长久以来惯有的季节性。 H&M这次变革的受害者不仅仅是设计者。对于来说,为其全球

2300 家分店提供一个 5.95 美元的编制迷你裙必须依赖海外的廉价劳动力,大量的耗尽自然资源的订单,大量的有害化学品。 Michael Pollan 的《过度装扮》是时尚界对像The Omnivore 's Dilemma 这样的消费者权 益维护者的畅销书的回答。“大量生产的衣物就像快餐,满足饥饿和需求,还是一次性的,浪费的,”Cline 认为。她还发现,美国人一年大概要买64 件一年-200 亿件衣物-平均每人 不论他们是花费了多少钱,这种不节制导致极大的浪费。 在《过度装扮》的最后部分,Cline 介绍的她理想的典范,一个布鲁克林的女人Sarah Kate Cline年开始自己制作自己所有的衣物,并且毫不逊色。但是像从2008 Beaumont,记录的那Beaumont样,花了十年时间完善她的手艺;这个例子不该被忽略。H&M包括虽然许多快餐式时尚公司已经努力控制对劳动力和环境的消极影响,公司的 绿色循环生产线,Cline 依然相信只有消费者的改变才能对此产生长久的改变。她提出对于多数可持续发展(不论是对于食物和能量)的支持者都同有的理想。浮华在继续着;只有在被逼无奈之下人们在消费时才会考虑到可持续性。 Version 描述,说法,叙述,解释,译文,版本 scold 责骂,斥责

考研英语阅读理解全文翻译

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