高考短文改错真题集及详解

1. 2015年课标全国卷I

When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, we’ll live to regret it .【答案】【解析】

试题分析：高中即将毕业了，有一些体会和同学们分享。1.感谢老师，家长和朋友们；2.致歉于我曾经误会伤害的人；3.祝福同学们心想事成。

1．【答案】第二句：think→thought句意：我认为在那儿很快乐。时态用法错误。这里用一般过去时，表示“过去认为”。解析：考查动词时态。前句是一般过去时，且本复合句的从句用了过去将来时，故此处应用一般过去时，以符合“时态一致”原则。小时候，我希望在城市里居住。我原以为在那里我会很幸福。是过去以为，要用一般过去时态。think →thought考查动词的时态。由was，hoped和would be可知，此处叙述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。【解析】时态错误。结合第一句话可知，think使用错误，此处表示的是过去发生的动作，因此应使用一般过去时态。

2．【答案】第三句中的∧countryside→the【解析】冠词缺失。in the countryside为常用短语，意为“在乡村，在农村，在乡下”，因此名词countryside之前应该添加冠词the。countryside前加the 句意：但是我想念农村的家乡。这里countryside是特指，故用定冠词the。解析：考查冠词。城市生活与乡村生活对比，此处特指乡村，所以用in the countryside。第三句：countryside前加the考查冠词。in the countryside“在农村/乡下”为固定表达。

[评析]冠词在高考语法的考查中，复现率非常高。主要考查冠词表泛指或特指的基本用法以及冠词的惯用法。本题考查的就是冠词的惯用法，冠词的惯用法更能体现语言的实用性，是现在高考考查的主流用法。

3．【答案】第四句中的or→and【解析】连词错误。根据语境“空气干净，。并且山是绿的”可知，并列连词or使用错误，应改为and。or→and句意：那里山绿并且空气新鲜。连词用法错误。前后句为并列关系，故用连词and。解析：考查连词。乡村的空气是干净的，大山是翠绿翠绿的。前后是并列关系。第四句：or→and考查并列连词。由本句句意可知，此处表示并列关系，故需用and。

4．【答案】第五句中的on→with【解析】介词错误。with the development of为介词短语，意为“随着……的发展”，故文中的介词on使用错误，应改为with。on→with句意：

随着工业化的发展。短语搭配错误。短语with the development of随着……的发展。解析：考查介词。with表示“随着……”。第五句：on→with考查介词。表示“随着……”用介词with。

[评析] 近年来高考增加了对介词的考查力度。介词用法灵活，可以和名词、动词、形容词等构成搭配，被称为英语中的“侠客”，能很好地体现英语的语用性，因此是高考考查的热点。考生应掌握常用介词的基本用法，尤其是和其他词类构成的习惯搭配和固定搭配。

5．【答案】第六句中的been删除【解析】语态错误。该句的主语Lots of studies是动作的发出者，因此句子应使用主动语态，需要删除been。把shown前的been去掉句意：许多研究表明。主语与动词为主动关系，这里不需要用被动语态。解析：考查语态。此处表示“研究表明”，所以用主动语态。第六句：去掉been考查动词的语态。主语studies和动词show之间为主动关系，故需用主动语态。

6．【答案】第六句中的seriously→serious【解析】词性错误。名词problem之前应使用形容词作定语，故副词seriously错误，应改为形容词serious。seriously→serious句意：全球变暖已经成为严重的问题。词性用法错误。修饰名词，前面用形容词修饰。解析：考查形容词。用形容词修饰名词problem，不能用副词形式。a very serious problem一个非常严重的问题。第六句：seriously→serious考查形容词作定语。修饰名词需用形容词。

7．【答案】第七句中的airs→air【解析】名词单复数错误。air在此处为不可数名词，故airs应改为单数形式。airs→air 句意：我们呼吸的空气变得越来越脏。名词用法错误。名词air为不可数名词。解析：考查名词的单复数。air“空气”是不可数名词，不能用复数形式。第七句：airs→air考查名词的数。air为物质名词。是不可数名词。

8．【答案】第八句中的Much→Many【解析】形容词错误。修饰可数名词复数animals应用many，因此句中的Much应改为Many。Much→Many句意：许多罕见的动物已经消失。名词animal为可数名词，故用many修饰。解析：考查形容词/限定词。many修饰后面的可数名词复数animals。第八句：Much→Many考查形容词作定语。many修饰可数名词复数，much 修饰不可数名词。此处修饰复数名词animals．故用many。

9．【答案】第九句中的found→find【解析】动词错误。根据常识可知，情态动词must之后应该接动词原形，故found改为find。found→find句意：我们必须找到方法来保护我们的地球。动词用法错误。情态动词must后接动词原形。解析：考查情态动词。情态动词后要用动词原形。第九句：found→find考查情态动词的用法。情态动词后的动词需用原形。1O．【答案】第九句中的your→our/the【解析】代词错误。根据主语we和上下文语境可知，形容词性物主代词your。使用错误，应改为our，也可改为定冠词(environment在此处表示特指)。your→our句意：我们必须找到方法来保护我们的地球。代词用法错误。这里应当是保护我们的环境。解析：考查代词。前后代词要一致，前面的主语为we，所以此处应

该用our或the。第九句：your→our/the考查代词或定冠词。此处为形容词性物主代词作定语，句子的主语为we，故需用our与之相呼应。也可用定冠词the来限定。

[评析]在高考短文改错题型中，对代词的考查是热点之一。如果考生脑海中没有“代词”这根弦的话，是不容易发现错误的。因此，要熟练掌握代词的用法，解题的关键是明确代词的指代对象。

2. 2015年课标全国卷Ⅱ

One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said,“How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried. ”Tony promised her that this would never happen again.

【答案】【解析】

试题分析：本文讲述了小男孩Tony和父母上街购物，街上人多，Tony没有告诉父母就独自进了一家商店，结果和父母走散，后来在街上又得以相见的故事。

1．【答案】第一句：parent→parents【解析】名词单复数错误。下文两次出现parents，都用的是复数。第一句：parent→parents由第五句和第八句可知Tony是和“parents”一起去了购物中心，故parent改为parents。看下文可知，是父母两个，所以用parents。2．【答案】第三句：on→in【解析】介词误用。玩具应该摆在橱窗里，没法在橱窗上。第三句：on→in Tony是“在商店橱窗(shop window)里”看到了玩具，故用in。

[评析]此题考查介词与shop window的搭配。shop window或是(store)window均可指商店用来陈列商品的“橱窗(the glass at the front of a shop/store and the area behind it where goods are shown to the public)”，因其本身就有一定的空间，故常与介词“in”搭配。Tony走进商店，说明玩具在橱窗里面，用in。

3．【答案】第四句：去掉very【解析】考查so+adj./adv.+that从句句式。so和very没法同时修饰一个词。第四句：去掉very此句为so…that…句型，so用来修饰much，very 为多余词汇，故去掉。考查副词。

4．【答案】第五句：looks→looking【解析】考查非谓语动词形式。after是介词时后面用v-ing形式。第五句：looks→looking此句中After为介词，故looks改为looking。after 之后跟从句或v-ing形式，故looks改为looking 。介词后要用动名词。

5．【答案】第五句：where→that/去掉【解析】连接词误用。found后面是宾语从句，句子完整，可用that连接，也可省略连接词。第五句：where→that或去掉where 此句考查宾语从句的引导词。此处宾语从句不缺成分且意思完整，故用that引导(that也可以省略)。

found后面的宾语从句是陈述句，故where改为that或者去掉where。考查宾语从句中的引导词/连词

6．【答案】第六句：begun→began【解析】考查动词时态。此处与and前面的动词并列，都用过去时。begun是过去分词。第六句：begun→began此处考查时态。begin的过去式应为began。and前后的谓语动词时态要一致，故begun改为began。考查and的前后一致。7．【答案】第七句：telling→told【解析】考查动词形式。此处的tell应与saw时态一致。第七句：telling→told此处and连接的是两个并列的谓语动词，前文用的是saw，故telling改为told。and前后的谓语动词时态要一致，see和tell是并列谓语，故telling 改为told。考查and的前后一致。谓语与非谓语动词之间的考查

8．【答案】第七句：第二个a→the【解析】考查冠词用法。特指前面提到的shop。第七句：第二个a→the考查冠词。此处提到的shop与上文提到的是同一个，故用定冠词the。由上下文可知，此处shop是第二次出现，应该用定冠词，故a改为the。

9．【答案】第八句：在parents前加his【解析】缺定语。普通名词前加限定词做定语。第八句：在saw后加his此处提到的父母是主人公Tony的父母，故加上代词his。由上下文可知，他看到的是他的父母，故 saw后加his。名词前面要么加冠词，要么加形容词性物主代词或者其它限定词；考查代词

10．【答案】第九句：terrible→terribly【解析】形容词与副词误用。此处用副词修饰形容词worried。第九句：terrible→terribly 形容词worried应用副词修饰，故terrible 改为terribly。修饰形容词worried要用副词，故 terrible改为terribly。考查此类互改。

3. 2015年浙江卷

My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass. I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view. On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field. In the mornings, it was full of students exercising. The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them. Farther in the distance, I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains. On the right side of the class was the road. I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming. If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.

【答案】【解析】

试题分析：这是一篇介绍教室的文章。

1．【答案】第一句：side→sides【解析】名词单复数误用。三个“面”应该用复数。第一

句：side→sides side是可数名词，前面有three修饰，side要改为sides。side→sides 考查名词的单复数。根据前面three，此处应该使用复数形式。

2．【答案】第一句：from→of【解析】介词误用。由制成be made of能看出原材料，用from 表示看不出原材料。第一句：from→of be made from由……制成，看不出原材料；be made of由……制成/组成。看得出原材料，所以from要改为of。from→of 考查介词搭配。 make of与make from两者都常用在被动语态中，表示“某物由……构成的”。make of的原材料是看的到的，即平常我们说的物理现象。比如The chair is made of wood.椅子是由木头做成的。而make from的原材料是看不到的，比如Paper is made from the trees.纸张是由木材做成的。是一种化学变化，从纸上是看不出一棵树的。

3．【答案】第二句：sit→sitting【解析】动词形式错误。Enjoy后用v-ing形式。第二句：sit→sitting enjoy后加动名词形式，所以sit要改为sitting。sit→sitting考查动名词。动词enjoy后接-ing形式。

4．【答案】第三句：easy→easily【解析】词性错误。此处用副词修饰动词see。第三句：easy→easily修饰动词see应用副词，所以easy改为easily。easy→easily 考查副词。此处的副词修饰动词see。

5.【答案】第五句：is→was【解析】时态错误。根据上下文，用过去时。第五句：is→was 时态误用。全文用的都是过去时，所以要把is改为was。is→was 考查动词的谓语时态。根据前后句的谓语时态都是使用过去的，所以这里面也需要用过去时态。

6．【答案】第六句：them→it【解析】代词误用。此处指代前面提到的park，用单数。第六句：them→it代词误用。这里指代的是park，所以要把them改为it。them→it 考查代词。此处的it指代的是公园。

7．【答案】第七句：删掉could后的not【解析】从句意判断：从远处能欣赏到雪山美景。第七句：删掉could后的not根据上下文可知这里应该是表肯定，所以把not删掉。not 删除考查意思是否表否定。该句的意思应该是表达肯定而不是否定，所以要删除not。8．【答案】第九句：在hurry前加a【解析】考查固定搭配in a hurry急忙。第九句：在第一个in后加a固定短语in a hurry仓促；匆忙。in hurry→in a hurry 考查冠词。in a hurry意为“立刻”，也是一个固定搭配。

9．【答案】第十句：felt→feel【解析】词形错误。Make的宾补用动词原形make sb do sth.。第十句：felt→feel make sb．do sth．使某人做某事，所以felt要改为feel。felt→feel 考查使役动词的用法。make sb do sth.是使役动词的用法。

10．【答案】第十一句：if→Although/Though【解析】连词误用。根据上下文逻辑关系，应译成：尽管那个时候我只是个在教室里学习的小孩，但我永远不会忘记的。第十一句：If→Although/Though句意：虽然我在那个教室学习时还是个孩子，但是我永远都忘不了它。根据句意可知要把If改为Although或Though。If→Although/Though 考查连词的用法。

根据句意“尽管在我读书的时候我是一个小孩，但我不会忘记它。”表达让步，而不是条件。而且翻译为如果意思上也不通。

4. 2015年陕西卷

My soccer coach retired in last week. I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party. My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decide to ask her for help. Mum taught me some basic step of baking. I insisted on doing most of the baking myself. I thought the biscuits were really well. My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.

At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked, “I might have to retire again next year just get so me more of these biscuits.”

My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!

【答案】【解析】

试题分析：文章介绍作者的教练退休了，在退休聚会上作者送给教练自己亲手烘焙的饼干。教练非常高兴。

1．【答案】第一段第一句last week前的in去掉【解析】介词误用。以last开头的时间短语前不加介词。第一段第一句：去掉in在last week，next week，this week之前不需要任何介词。句意：我的足球教练上个星期退休了。last week前面不加介词，去掉in。2．【答案】第一段第二句anything→something【解析】不定代词误用。“一些事情”，肯定句中用something。第一段第二句：anything→something 我想为教练做点什么特别的事情，而不是任何事情。句意：我想在他退休聚会上为他做些特别的事情。肯定句用something。3．【答案】第一段第三句better→best【解析】最高级误用。the应用在形容词最高级前。第一段第三句：better→best妈妈做的饼干是世界上最好的。这里用最高级。句意：我妈妈做的是世界上最好的饼干。用最高级，better改成best。

4．【答案】第一段第三句decide→decided【解析】时态错误。全文讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。第一段第三句：decide→decided 全文是回忆过去的一件事情，用一般过去时态。句意：所以我决定向她求助。这篇文章使用一般过去时，decide改成decided。5．【答案】第一段第四句step→steps【解析】名词单复数错误。some后加可数名词复数。第一段第四句：step→steps some basic steps一些基本的步骤。句意：妈妈教我一些基本的烘焙的步骤。step 是可数名词，用复数steps。

6．【答案】第一段第六句well→good【解析】形容词误用。应用形容词作表语，well作形容词表“身体好”。第一段第六句：well→good be动词后接形容词good, well作形容同时，意为“健康的”。句意：我认为这些饼干很好。做表语用形容词，well改成good。

7．【答案】第一段第七句after→when/while【解析】连词误用。本处意为“当……时候”。第一段第七句：after→when/while在打包的时候掉了一些饼干。句意：我唯一的错误是在我将它们打包的时候将它们掉在地上。after改成when/while

8．【答案】第二段第八句第一个a→the【解析】冠词误用。特指“那次晚会”，应用定冠词the。第二段：第一个a→the party是第二次出现，应用定冠词。句意：这里是特指第一段提到的退休聚会。a改为the。

9．【答案】第二段第八句get前加to【解析】不定式符号漏用。本处不定式表目的。第二段：just后面加上to 此处为不定式作目的状语。句意：我可能明年要再退休一次，只是想得到更多这样的饼干。用不定式做目的状语。just后加to。

10．【答案】第三段第九句enjoy→enjoying【解析】非谓语动词错误。根据介词of，应用动名词enjoying，my coach and me是enjoying的逻辑主语。第三段：enjoy→enjoying 带逻辑主语的动名词短语作介词of的宾语。句意：我最喜欢的照片是我和我的教练在聚会上开心地享受饼干。of后面接动名词，my coach and me是逻辑主语，enjoy改为enjoying。

5. 2015年四川卷

Hi, Janice,

It’s been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.

As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch and after school. We’ve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. It’s been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a time-wasting activity! In fact, I don’t like to go anymore, so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are me, would you talk to him?

Please help with me and give me some advice.

Gra ce

【答案】与【解析】

试题分词：文章主要通过一封求助信，写出了写信人的困扰。作者交了三个新朋友，经常一起去卡拉OK唱歌，但其实作者并不喜欢这样，他想知道自己该怎么做才不会失去这段友谊。

1．【答案】在第一句中的want后加to【解析】want意为“想要”时后面必须接动词不定式作宾语，不能和动词原形连用。第一段：want后加to want to do为固定搭配，故在want 后加to。加上to 考查动词want的用法，want用不定式担当状语，故加上to。句意为：我真地很想和你分享一下我经历的问题。

2．【答案】第二句的tell→told【解析】根据句子的时间状语last time可知谓语动词应该用过去式。第二段第一句：tell→told根据时间状语last time可知，本句时态应为一般过去时，故将tell改为told。tell→told 考查时态。根据时间状语last time可知，此句需要用一般过去时，故把tell改成told.句意为：正如我上次告诉你的那样。3．【答案】第二句的friend→friends【解析】three后接可数复数名词。第二段第一句：friend→friends句中three表示复数概念，后面的名词应为复数形式，故将friend改为friends。考查名词的复数。名词friend为可数名词，其前有three修饰，需要用复数形式，故把friend改成friends。句意为：我在这儿交了三个新朋友。

4．【答案】第四句的sing→singing【解析】spend sb+时间或钱+doing sth．花费某人时间或钱做某事。第二段第三句：sing→singing spend some time(in)doing sth．为固定搭配，故将sing改为singing。考查动名词担当宾语。本句考查句型spend…（in）doing sth结构，故把sing改成singing。

5．【答案】第五句的many→much【解析】many表示可数概念或用来修饰复数可数名词，但是此处cost的宾语应该是钱，而钱是不可数的，所以应该用much指代“很多钱”。第二段第四句：many→much much在此处为代词。表示消费量，为不可数概念，而many为可数概念，故将many改为much。考查代词。根据句意，指的是花费很多钱，故用much而非many。句意为：那真的花费很多。

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7．【答案】第八句的How→What【解析】how不能作宾语，因此应该改为what来作动词do 的宾语。第二段第七句：How→What在此句中，特殊疑问词充当第二个do的宾语，故将How 改为What。考查疑问词的选择。本句中do之后缺少宾语，表示事情，故用what而非how。注意首字母要大写。

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9．【答案】第九句的him→them【解析】本题属于代词的指代不明。应该将him改为them 这样才与前文的their一致，指代前文的朋友。第二段第八句：him→them根据上文可知，这里指作者的三个新朋友，此处代词指代错误，故将him改为them。考查代词。根据上文

可知，作者交了三个朋友，故用them而非him。句意为：你会和他们说吗？

10．【答案】第十句去掉help后的with【解析】help为及物动词直接加宾语。第三段：去掉with help为及物动词，与me构成动宾结构，因此，with在此处多余，故去掉with。动词help为及物动词，其后接宾语时无需加介词，故去掉with。句意为：请帮帮我，给我一些建议。考查动词。

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历年高考短文改错真题汇总 Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom told me how to preparing it. First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside. Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove. I waited patiently unless the oil was hot. Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together. “Not that way, ”my mom tried to stop us but failed. She was right. It didn't turn out as I had wished.(2020全国1) Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy. I’m glad to know that you’ve come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown. I’m surely you’ll have a good time. Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice. Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day. Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. See you sooner.(2020全国2) My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families. In order to make surely all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us. For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple. My dad don't like the soup and I don't enjoy apples. I tell my mom that if we're forced eat things, we may become ill. But he insists on us eating healthy food. Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.(2020全国3) I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now. (2019全国1) Since I was a kid, I`ve considered different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered mg goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.(2019全国2) I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it required

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Last week my parents and I took a two-days trip to Emei Mountain in Sichuan. As every one knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited. As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the top of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was good. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. （二） Many teachers worry about the effects of television with young people. According to studies, many children spend more time watching television than they spend in school. Because so much viewing, children may not be develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. No one worries much about the radio program young people listen to, although radios can be very noise. Teachers also wonder about the effects of television commercials. On one year the average child will see 25,000 television commercials, all planned and written by grown-ups to make children to want things that they don't real need. （三） I’m the captain o f our school team so with my fellow players we’ve won sever al games. There will an important game next month. But one of the best player in our team told me just then that he wouldn’t play basketball once more. His parents asked him to spend in more time preparing for the college entrance examination. I feel sorry to him. But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports and college was the only place for a smart boy like his son. So my friend had no choice. He wanted to make their parents happy. (四) When I first learned to write English, I ran into many difficulties . The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. My teacher advised me to keep my diary. I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English .One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher .She liked it very much and reads it to the class .All said the story was a good one. Their word were a great encouragement to me. （五） Dear Ralph, I’m a newcomer here of a small town. I would describe myself as shy and quietly. Before my classmates, it seems always difficult for me to do things as well them. I'm sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. So I feel happy every day. Besides, I have few friends. I don't know that they don't like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class, but after class we become stranger at once. I am trying to improve the situation since it doesn’t seem to work. Can you tell me about what I should do? Yours, Xiao Wei