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Unit 1 My first job

Unit 1 MY First Job

Part one Communicative Activities

(Communicative .[k??mju:n ik?tiv] : willing, eager, or able to talk好说话的；健谈的)

1. Conversation 1

Approach: come near or nearer to (someone or something) in distance接近，靠近

service desk服务台casher's desk 出纳处inquiry desk 问询处registration desk服务台

registration […red???stre???n] : the action or process of registering or of being registered登记，注册，挂号

register […red?ist?] : enter or record in an official list as being in a particular category, having a particular eligibility or entitlement, or in keeping with a requirement记录，登记，给…注册，挂号

department: division of a large organization such as a government，university, business, or shop, dealing with a specific subject, commodity, or area of activity政府的）部；（大型机构的）处，司；（大学的）系

term: each of the periods in the year, alternating with holiday or vacation, during which instruction is given in a school, college, or university, or during which a law court holds sessions 学期；开庭期

the summer term. 夏季学期Term starts tomorrow. 明天开始开庭期。Notes for conversation

1. May I…? a polite form for asking someone needs help

Common responses: Yes, I?d like to…; No, thanks, I?m being helped…

2. AmE: freshman大一（a first year student）

sophomore大二、高一

junior 大三、高二

senior大四、高三

3. I’d like to…: a polite expression for expressing one?s intention

4. given name=first name: a personal name given to someone at birth名字

family name=a surname: a name shared by all members of a family姓

Notes for information for role-play

1. role-play: 角色扮演

2. conference: a formal meeting which typically takes place over a number of days正式会议

3. students’ union学生会

4. club: an association or organization dedicated to a particular interest or activity会，社，俱乐部

5. Debate:an argument about a particular subject, especially one in which many people are involved讨论，辩论，论战

6. row [r??] (n.)a number of people or things in a more or less straight line一排，一行，一列

[r??] (v.) propel (a boat) with oars划（船）

[ra?] (v.) a noisy quarrel吵嚷；激烈的争吵

7. photography [f??t?gr?fi] 摄影术；摄影

photograph […f?ut?ɡrɑ:f] 照片，相片

photographer [f??t?gr?f?] 摄影者;(尤指)摄影师

photographic [,f??t??gr?f?k] 摄影(术)的;摄影用的;摄制的

2. Listening 1

Notes

1. The train will be arriving at Shanghai:

will + be + v-ing, the future continuous tense for a scheduled event which is coming soon

I’m flying back …: the present continuous tense indicating a scheduled action in the near future Differences among These Expressions in Expressing Future

Will be doing 表示将来

1.这种结构通常带有”自然发生”的含义。

Eg. The train will be arriving at two o’clock.

2.这种结构也可以表示将来某一时刻或时段里正在进行的动作。

Eg. What will you be doing this time tomorrow morning.

Will do 表将来

1.意义常常带有说话人的主观态度和看法,表示”预见”

Eg. Do you think it will rain tomorrow?

2.有时既表示将来,也含有”意图”和”意愿”

Eg. I will do it, if you like.

Be going to do

1.在此之前主语单方面的决定或计划（并非临时起意）

Eg. I am going to fix the computer.

2. 根据客观条件判断很可能会发生的事情

Eg. The aquarium(鱼缸) is leaking. The fish is going to die.

.Be doing

1.是用一般进行时表示计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于表示位置转移的词：go /come /arrive /leave 等。

Eg. We are leaving on Friday.

I am leaving tomorrow.

Be about to do

1. 表示即将发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。

Eg. We are about to start.

The government is to crack down the usurious loan(高利贷)

Be to do

1.这一结构可以表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。常见于报纸和广播，用以宣布官方的计划或决定。

Eg. The Queen is to visit Japan next year.

2.表示命令、禁止或可能性等。

Eg. Tell her she is not to be back late.

2. be nice + to do : (greeting)(meet sb.)

+ doing : (farewell)(say goodbye; sb. wants to leave)

3. write to: write a letter to; write an email to

4. send: deliver投递，邮递，递送

5.Goodbye and good luck: a farewell used especially when you and your friend are not expected to see each other for a long time

6. have a happy landing: a farewell used only to people who are going to take a plane

Other expressions:

Have a good trip!

Have a safe trip!

Have a happy journey home!

Question 1: Where does the conversation take place? (The conversation takes place on the train) Question 2: Did the two people know each other for a long time? (Yes.)

Question 3: Would they likely continue to communicate after this? And why? (Yes, because they will write to each other, and send a picture..)

3. Conversation 2

Notes

1. Singapore [,s??g??p??]新加坡（东南亚国家，由新加坡岛［由一堤道与马来半岛的南端连接］和大约54个小岛组成；1991年人口约3,045,000；官方语言有马来语、汉语、泰米尔语和英语；首都新加坡市）

2. here comes my bus:倒装句；当句首为here, there, now, then, such等副词，谓语动词为be, go, come等时，句子的主谓要求倒装。

Eg: Here is the book you want.

Now is the hour when they say goodbye.

There goes the bell.

若人称代词为主语时，则不用倒装。

Eg: There he comes!

Here they are!

----Where is the key?

---- Here it is.

(1) _______ about grammar for you to read.

A. A book is

B. Here is a book

C. Here a book is

D. There the book is

(2) “Where is the man we talked about yesterday?”

“There ______.”

A. He comes

B. comes he

C. he came

D. came he

(3) Then ______ of that time when he was a cowboy. (cowboy牛仔)

A. comes the memory

B. the memory comes

C. came the memory

D. the memory came

3. suppose: assume认为，料想；估计

4. canteen[k?n?ti:n]:a restaurant provided by an organization such as a college, factory, or company for its students or staff (大学、工厂或公司的）食堂

4. Listening 2

1. Draft: (v.) 1)prepare a preliminary version of (a text) 起草，草拟

2) select (a person or group of people) and bring them somewhere for a certain purpose 挑选，选派，抽调

2. The 5elements below as 5steps of the farewell speech.

1) Opening sentences of the speech. (Hello, every one! What a wonderful surprise to see you all here today! )

2) Showing genuine feelings and emotions. (It is a sad job for me to put my feelings to words. )

3) Reviewing happy time experiences in the past. (For six years I have taught you in this

school. )

4) Acknowledging support and help from the audience. (I?m lucky to have had so many good students like you here. I?m honored that so many of you would come here today to say goodbye. ) Acknowledge: 1) accept or admit the existence or truth of接受，承认…的存在（或真实性）

2) express or display gratitude for or appreciation of对…表示感谢，欣赏

5) Closing remarks to finish the speech. (Tomorrow I?ll leave for the new job in a faraway place, but I?ll miss you a lot. Thanks again for everything.)

Proverb

A good beginning is half the battle.

好的开端等于成功一半/良好的开端是成功一半

Text My First Job

Listen to the text recording and then work in groups of four, try to figure out the topic sentence for each paragraph.

1. My first job was shining d iners? shoes.

2. My duties increased as I grew older.

3. I had to meet certain standards to be part of the team.

4. Except for the shoe shining job, I was never paid.

5. As far as Dad was concerned, I was just another member of the team.

6. Loyalty to a team comes first.

Read the text carefully again and discuss with your group member the questions on page 6. (Comprehension Work A)

1. What kind of family was the narrator from? Give a brief account of his family background.

? A small family business—a restaurant/eatery/diner

?Working 24 hours a day and 7 days a week

?Everyone in the family is involved in running the business, even including the narrator when he was a child of six.

2. How did the father teach him to do a good job?

?“A good job” means customers are satisfied with the service.

?Dad taught him to ask the customer if the job was well done and to offer reshining if the customer was not satisfied.

3. How did the boy feel about working for the family business?

?He learned what it meant by good job.

?Doing a good job became a source of pride.

4. What was the mistake that he made one day?

?He wanted his Dad to pay for his work.

5. What lesson did he learn from his mistake?

?When you negotiate, you?d better know the other side?s arguments as well as you r own. 6. What kind of reception did the narrator expect when he returned home?

?His father would treat him like a VIP, not a “mop guy” or a janitor.

7. What was the lesson the narrator learned from working for his father?

Whatever you do, do it right. ? Loyalty? Team spirit

Notes for the text

Paragraph 1

1. run: to manage, to deal in 经营

2. eatery: (informal)a restaurant or other place where people can be served food餐馆；饮食店

3. Pa. : Pennsylvania [,p?ns?l?ve?n??] state of the north-eastern US宾夕法尼亚州（美国东北部州，1990年人口11,881,640；首府哈里斯堡；1682年由威廉?佩恩建立，1787年成为联邦最初的13个州之一）

4. shine: (v.) make (an object made of leather, metal, or wood) bright by rubbing it; polish擦亮

5. diner […dain?]: (n.) 1) a person who is eating, typically a customer in a restaurant食客，就餐者

2) a dining car on a train（火车上的）餐车

Dinner .[…din?] : (n.) the main meal of the day, taken either around midday or in the evening正餐，主餐

6. tell sb. to do: order, instruct, or advise someone to do something命令，指示，吩咐

Eg: tell him to go away. 让他走开。

7. offer: 1) offer to do sth.: to say that you are willing to do something表示愿为某人做某事

Eg: The boy offered to be our guide.

He offered to fix the gate.

2) offer sb. sth./ offer sth. to sb.: to say that you are willing to give someone something（主动）给予；（主动）提供provide (something)

Eg: He offered his help to me.

He offered me a better position.

May I offer you a drink? 我可以请你喝一杯吗？

3) offer (sb.) sth. for:to say that you are willing to pay a particular amount of money开价;出售

Eg: He offered $20 for the overcoat.

She offered the bike for $50.

offer 1.000 pounds for the house出价一千镑买这所房子

8. reshine: to shine again

re-: verb prefix: to do sth again

re- + print : reprint

re- + start: restart

re- + sell: resell

9. satisfy: meet the expectations, needs, or desires of (someone) 使满意，使满足

Eg: I have never been satisfied with my job. 我对我的工作从来没有满意过。

Paragraph 2

1. duty: a responsibility; a moral or legal obligation;义务；职责;道德或法律上的）责任；

2. Clear: (v.) remove (sth that is unwanted or no longer needed) (from a place) 清除；扫清；清理

clear tables: take away dirty plates, etc after a meal

3. janitor: (especially AmE) someone whose job is to look after a school or other large building;

a caretaker or doorkeeper of a building门房，看门人

British Equivalent: caretaker

4. beam: (v.) smile broadly面露喜色；满脸堆笑

Eg: she beamed with pleasure. 她欣喜得满面笑容。

a beaming smile. 灿烂的笑容。

5. mop: an implement consisting of a bundle of thick loose strings or a sponge attached to a handle, used for wiping floors or other surfaces拖把

6. guy: a man or a boy in informal English (非正式)人，家伙

boy: A man can be addressed as a boy, especially by someone who is his superior, in informal English.

Paragraph 3

1. source: a place, person, or thing from which something comes or can be obtained来源

2. pitch in: start working energetically/ vigorously （起劲地）干工作

3. for the good of:为了…的好处

4.make … clear: to express or explain sth clearly

made it clear: “It”refers to “I had to meet certain standards to be part of the team.”

5. meet: fulfil or satisfy (a need, requirement, or condition) 满足（需求）；达到（要求）；符合（条件）

Eg: This policy is doing nothing to meet the needs of women. 该政策没有采取任何措施来满足妇女的需求。

6. standard: a level of quality or attainment标准，水平

7. part: refer to the member of the family

8. Punctual:[…p??kt?u?l] (adj) happening or doing sth at the agreed or proper time守时的，准时的

Eg: punctual for the class准时去上课

The bus is punctual today. 今天公共汽车准时。

If you are punctual you are not late. 如果你严守时间, 你就不会迟到。

punctuality [N-UNCOUNT] [,p??ktju??liti]

Paragraph 4

1. except for: 1) apart from除…之外

Eg: Except for smoking and drinking, he is a good man.

除了抽烟、喝酒, 他是个很好的人。

His composition is excellent except for some spelling mistakes.

他的作文写得很好, 只有几处拼写错误。

2) were it nor for若不是

Eg: She is pretty except for the fact that her eyes are too big.

若不是她的眼睛太大, 她是很漂亮的。

2. pay for: 1)give (someone) money for sth. 付钱给（某人）；

Eg: I paid her ﹩200 for the picture.

Have you paid for the book?

2) to suffer or be punished for sth wrong that you have done or said, or for sth you believe 为﹙做错的事或说错的话、相信的事﹚吃苦头；为……受惩罚

Eg: Someone?s going to pay for this!一定得有人为这事付出代价！

They are paying dearly for their mistake. 他们因为自身的失误正大吃苦头呢。

3. How about …: a colloquial expression for making a suggestion or an offer. One may also say “What about …?”

4.And for the times …: And “paying me for the times …”.

This is a common feature with the style of spoken language.

5. bring in: 把…带进来

Eg: Bring him in with you. 你把他带进来。

The policeman brought in two boys whom he had caught stealing. 警察把两个当场抓获的小偷带到警察局。

6. Buddy: (n.) a close friend, especially a male friend of a man; 密友，好朋友

(v.) become friendly and spend time with与…成为朋友，与…结交Buddy up to/with sb亲近(…)；(和…)结交，携手工作

Eg: She buddied up to Laura, hoping to get to know her brother. 她和劳拉来往，希望结识她的哥哥

I asked to get buddied up with an experienced diver. 我要求和有经验的潜水员搭档。

7. Soda[…s?ud?] :AmE sweet drink containing bubbles (carbonated) such as Sprite, Fanta, Coca-cola, 7-up苏打（水）; 甜苏打饮料

8. Figure: (v.) to calculate, to count计算，算出

9. owe: have an obligation to pay or repay (something, especially money) in return for something received; be in debt to (sb) 欠(钱)，

Eg: I owe him ten dollars. 我欠他10美元。

He paid me the ten dollars he owed me. 他已还了欠我的十美元。

10. Negotiate:(~ sth with sb) try to reach agreement by discussion谈判，洽谈，协商

Eg: We've decided to negotiate a loan with them. 我们决定和他们商定贷款之事。

negotiate with someone about something 与某人协商某事

Negotiate→ Negotiable→ Negotiation→ Negotiator

11. Argument: reason or reasons put forward; a reason or set of reasons given with the aim of persuading others that an action or idea is right or wrong 论据; 理由，证据，说理，论证

12. as well as: in addition to

Paragraph 5

1. after being away in the Army: after leaving home and serving in the Army

2. promote: 1) (esp passive）~ sb (to sth) : raise sb to a higher position or rank. 晋升，提拔

E.g I was promoted to editor and then editorial director

2) give publicity(宣传) to (a product, organization, or venture) so as to increase sales宣传，推销

E.g. promote the new product

promoter: person who organizes or finances (esp. a business company or a sporting event) 承办人，出资人，赞助人

promotion->promotional

3. captain: in the army, navy, air force and some other armed forces, a captain is an officer(军官) of middle rank (See the next page) 陆军上尉；

4. off: absent; away from work缺席地；不工作地

Eg: take a day off 休息一天

Tom asked for a day off.

He is off on sick leave. 他请病假没去上班。

5. clean up: to make sth. completely clean and tidy

6. As far as …be concerned:就…来说，就…而论; 就…而言；据…的观点

E.g. As far as grammar is concerned, I have grasped it. 就语法而言, 我已经掌握了。

As far as I?m concerned, you can do what you like.

The car is fine as far as the engine is concerned .

7. Reach for: to stretch out one?s hand for sth; to move your hand or arm to try to get sth.

Eg: I saw him reach for the telephone.

Paragraph 6

1. loyalty: (n.) faith 忠诚，忠心

Eg: No one could ever doubt her loyalty. 谁也不会怀疑她的忠诚。

We all have a loyalty to the company. 我们都对公司忠心耿耿。

loyal: (adj.) faithful忠诚的，忠贞不渝的

be loyal to: to be faithful to

eg: he remained loyal to the government. 他仍然忠于政府。

2. involve: (v. )include (something) as a necessary part or result包括，包含；牵涉，卷入

be involved in: cause sb/sth to take part in (an activity or a situation) ; 被卷入; 专心地(做) Eg: be involved in trouble卷入纠纷He was involved in trouble.

be involved in disaster陷入不幸

He was involved in working out a plan. 他专心致志地制订计划。

The new exams have involved teachers in a lot of extra paperwork. 新考试让老师们添了一大堆额外的文案工作。

Part III Extended Activities

Translation

1.Mr. Manager, may I take a day off tomorrow? My mother is coming to see me.

经理先生，明天我可以不来上班么？我母亲要来看我。

2. The police offered a reward for clues about the bank robbers.

警察悬赏捉拿抢劫银行罪犯的线索

3. When I was ill last week, she offered to look after my child.

上周我生病时，他主动提出来帮我照顾孩子。

4. Except for the small kitchen, the flat is satisfactory.

除了厨房太小，这间公寓应该说是非常令人满意的了。

5. She was promoted to branch manager last year. 她去年被提升为分店经理。

6. Everyone was exhausted except John. 人人都累极了，只有约翰没事。

7. Who?s running this company?谁在经营这家公司。

8. He reached into his pocket for the wallet. 他伸手到口袋里去拿钱包。

Dictation: Zhang gang pitched in as soon as he got a job at a hotel. He had to be punctual, hard-working and polite to the guests so as to meet the hotel?s standards, as he couldn?t afford to lose the job. He still owed a friend 800 yuan. He needed money. As he had just started, there was no hope of being promoted and it was not wise to bargain with the manager. His pay was 400 yuan a month. He figured that he would be able to pay back the money he had borrowed in four months? time. He cleaned up the dining-hall twice a day and carried luggage for guests. His family didn't like his taking a job as a janitor. Yet, for him, working at the hotel was a source of pride because he could earn money through honest labor. He beamed when he got his pay at the end of the first month.