2019届高考英语第一轮复习检测题

课时作业12Unit 2Healthy eating

一、单元扣点训练

Ⅰ.短语填空

lose weight; get away with; tell a lie; win...back; earn one's living; in debt; cut down; before long; put on; rather than

1．Jack has ________ five kilos since he quit smoking.

2．Gary has been ________ since his factory closed half a year ago. 3．You smoke too much—you should try to ________.

4．As a parent, if you often ________，how can you expect your children to be honest?

5．The kids were playing in the mud and ________ they were covered in it.

6．I don't know how they manage to ________ paying such low wages. 7．I spent an hour every day taking exercise in order to ________. 8．After the scandal，he faces a hard struggle to ________ public support before the next election.

9．________ risk breaking up his marriage he told his wife everything.

10．She has been ________ by teaching since she graduated from college.

答案 1.put on 2.in debt 3.cut down 4.tell a lie

5．before long 6.get away with7.lose weight

8．win...back9.Rather than10.earning her living

Ⅱ.完成句子

1．Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant ______________________(感到十分沮丧). (feel)

答案feeling very frustrated

2．At the library, Wang Peng ________ (吃惊地发现) that his restaurant served far too much fat. (find)

答案was surprised to find

3．I found your menu so limited ______________________(所以我也就不着急了). (stop)

答案that I stopped worrying

Ⅲ.模仿造句

1．By now his restaurant ought_to be full of people.

[翻译]他两个小时前动身的，现在该到那里了。

答案He left two hours ago so he ought to be there by now. 2．What could_have_happened?

[翻译]杰克还没有来，他会出什么事呢？

答案Jack hasn't turned up yet. What could have happened to him? 3．Something terrible must_have_happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.

[翻译]我当时没有听到电话响，我一定是睡着了。

答案I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep.

4．He could not have_Yong_Hui_getting away with telling people lies! [翻译]我不能容忍你这样对待你妈妈。

答案I can't have you treating your mother like that.

5．But don't you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner? [翻译]如果我是你，就接受他的建议。

答案I would take his advice if I were you.

二、七选五阅读

(2018·吉林长春质量监测)

A great number of people can get injured or even killed resulting from a human stampede (蜂拥). The bad thing is that a peaceful group of people can quickly turn into a crazy panicked crowd. __1__ If you are in a crowd, the most important thing is to make yourself familiar with your surroundings and mentally notice the exits. No matter where you are, make sure you always know how to get out. __2__ If you are in a crowd of moving people, wet or uneven ground can be slippery or dangerous, causing you to fall.

Be aware of the general atmosphere of the event, as panic situations can often be expected. When in danger, a few seconds can make all the difference. If you find yourself in the middle of a moving crowd, do not fight against the pressure and do not stand still or sit down. __3__ Take advantage of any space that may open up and try to move sideways to the crowd movement where the flow is weaker.

__4__—It gives you movement and protects your chest.

If you fall, get up quickly. If you fall and cannot get up, keep moving by crawling in the same direction of the crowd, or if that is not possible, then cover your head with your arms and curl up (蜷缩). __5__ Sometimes, finding a right posture can save your life.

A. Make yourself aware of the type of ground you are standing on.

B. Do not lie on your stomach or back, as this dangerously exposes your lungs.

C. If you are stepped on, you should shout for help.

D. Instead, move in the same direction of the crowd.

E. Keep your hands up by your chest, like a boxer.

F. Stretch your arms to the full length so that you can make more space to move in the crowd.

G. What's worse is that the stampede can be caused while there seems

no actual danger.

答案与解析

语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们如何在拥挤的人群中让自己安全，以避免受到伤害。

1．G根据空前的“The bad thing...”可知，此处说的是一些糟糕的事情，那么接下来就会谈一些更糟糕的事情，故G项符合语境。

2．A根据空后的“wet or uneven ground can be slippery or dangerous”可知，潮湿或者凹凸不平的地面会使人滑倒，很危险，这与A项在意思上保持一致，即要清楚你所站的地面的情况。

3．D根据空前的”If you find yourself in the middle of a moving crowd, do not fight against the pressure and do not stand still or sit down.”可知，如果发现自己在移动的人群中间，不要向相反的方向走、站着不动或坐下来，而要随着人群的方向移动，这与D项在意思上保持一致。

4．E根据空后的“It gives you movement and protects your chest.”可知，E项“把你的手像拳击运动员一样举起来保护你的胸部”符合语境，其中chest是关键词。

5．B本段讲的是当你摔倒后，如何用适当的方式来保护你的身体，以免受到伤害，故B项符合语境。

三、语法填空

(2018·辽宁五校联考)

My dad is a “Mr. Mom”. He was 50 years old when I was born. I didn't know __1__ he was at home instead of Mom, but I considered myself very lucky because I was __2__ only one who had Dad around among my friends.

Dad did so many things for me __3__ my elementary school years. He __4__ (convince) the school bus driver __5__ (pick) me up at our house instead of the usual bus stop six blocks away. He always had my lunch ready for me when I came home.

As I got a little __6__ (old) and tried to gain my __7__ (depend), I wanted to move away from those “childish” signs of his love. But he __8__ give up. In high school I was no longer able to go home for lunch, so I began taking my own lunch. Dad would get up a little earlier and make it for me.

However, when I left home for college, I missed __9__ (see) my dad every day after school. At that time I called him a lot. It didn't matter __10__ he said, for I just wanted to hear his voice.

答案与解析

语篇解读作者通过叙述父亲对他从小到大无微不至的关心和照顾表达了对父亲深深的爱。

1．why考查宾语从句。所填词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作原因状语，因此用why。

2．the考查冠词。the only one意为“唯一的一个”，the表示特指。3．during/in考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“在我上小学期间”，故用介词during/in。

4．convinced考查时态和语态。由语境可知，此处应用一般过去时。且he与convince为主谓关系，故填convinced。

5．to pick考查固定搭配。convince sb.to do sth.意为“说服某人做某事”。

6．older考查比较级。此处指年纪从小变大，有两者进行比较的意味，因此用older。

7．independence考查名词。根据空格前的形容词性物主代词“my”可知，此处应用名词independence。

8．wouldn't考查情态动词。would在此表示意愿，且此处应用否定式。

9．seeing考查固定搭配。miss doing sth.意为“没能做某事”。10．what考查宾语从句。他说什么没有关系，因为“我”只是想听到他的声音。宾语从句中said缺少宾语，且所填词起双重代词的作用，因此用what。

四、短文改错

(2018·河北衡水调研)

My uncle absolute hated his wife's cat and decided to get rid of him by driving him 20 block from his home and leaving him there. As she was getting home, the cat was walking up the driveway. The next day he decides to drive the cat 40 blocks away. He put the cat out and headed home. Drive back, he found there was the cat! At the last he decided to drive far away until he reached that he thought was a safe distance from his home. Hours late he called his wife, “Jen, is the cat there？”“No，” his wife answered. Then he said, “Put him on the phone. I lost way and need directions！”

答案

hated his wife's cat and decided to get rid of My uncle absolute

absolutely

from his home and leaving him there. him by driving him 20 block

blocks

As she

was getting home, the cat was walking up the driveway. The he

to drive the cat 40 blocks away. He put the cat next day he decides

decided

back, he found there was the cat! At out and headed home. Drive

Driving

aware of it and grateful to it.

In my opinion, the most important duty for you today is to learn knowledge and learn how to deal with different difficulties at home and at school. To face the unknown world is our next step after graduation.

I hope my idea will be useful to you.

Yo urs_sincerely，

C ollins

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单词识记： collect treasure variety urge valuable delight enjoyable intend picnic curiosity entertainment pleasant please explore hobby realize similar strange talent willing 短语扫描： be of no interest 毫无兴趣 show...around/round带领……参观(某地) make fun of取笑；拿……开玩笑 out of curiosity出于好奇 in favour of 赞同；支持play a trick on sb.对某人施用诡计 be keen on热衷于 be good at 擅长于 seek after 寻求，追求 prefer...to(比起……来)更喜欢 have a taste for对……有兴趣 [跟踪训练] 在空格处填入适当的词(1个单词)或所给词的正确形式 1．Robert’s (collect) of prints and paintings has been bought over the years. 2．The (valuable) of his investment has risen by more than $50,000. 3．If you are (delight)，you are extremely pleased and excited about something. 4．Steve was very (curiosity) about the world I came from. 5．The military now say they’re (will) to hold talks with the political parties. 6．She showed me the factory and introduced me to everybody. 7．That will teach him a lesson! It doesn’t pay to make fun the Law，my man! 8．She is particularly keen playing the piano and she has made great progress. 9．One mustn’t seek comfort，personal fame and gains.

2019年高考化学试卷-(全国Ⅰ卷与答案)

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 理科综合能力测试化学 可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Mg 24 S 32 Fe 56 Cu 64 一、选择题：本题共13个小题，每小题6分。共78分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题 目要求的。 7.陶瓷是火与土的结晶，是中华文明的象征之一，其形成、性质与化学有着密切的关系。下列说法错误的是 A. “雨过天晴云破处”所描述的瓷器青色，来自氧化铁 B. 闻名世界的秦兵马俑是陶制品，由黏土经高温烧结而成 C. 陶瓷是应用较早的人造材料，主要化学成分是硅酸盐 D. 陶瓷化学性质稳定，具有耐酸碱侵蚀、抗氧化等优点 8.关于化合物2?苯基丙烯（），下列说法正确的是 A. 不能使稀高锰酸钾溶液褪色 B. 可以发生加成聚合反应 C. 分子中所有原子共平面 D. 易溶于水及甲苯 9.实验室制备溴苯的反应装置如下图所示，关于实验操作或叙述错误的是 A. 向圆底烧瓶中滴加苯和溴的混合液前需先打开K B. 实验中装置b中的液体逐渐变为浅红色 C. 装置c中的碳酸钠溶液的作用是吸收溴化氢 D. 反应后的混合液经稀碱溶液洗涤、结晶，得到溴苯 10.固体界面上强酸的吸附和离解是多相化学在环境、催化、材料科学等领域研究的重要课题。下图为少量HCl气体分子在253 K冰表面吸附和溶解过程的示意图。下列叙述错误的是

A. 冰表面第一层中，HCl以分子形式存在 B. 冰表面第二层中，H+浓度为5×10?3 mol·L?1（设冰的密度为0.9 g·cm?3） C. 冰表面第三层中，冰的氢键网格结构保持不变 噲?H++Cl? D. 冰表面各层之间，均存在可逆反应HCl垐? 11.NaOH溶液滴定邻苯二甲酸氢钾（邻苯二甲酸氢钾H2A的K a1=1.1×10?3 ，K a2=3.9×10?6）溶液，混合溶液的相对导电能力变化曲线如图所示，其中b点为反应终点。下列叙述错误的是 A. 混合溶液的导电能力与离子浓度和种类有关 B. Na+与A2?的导电能力之和大于HA?的 C. b点的混合溶液pH=7 D. c点的混合溶液中，c(Na+)>c(K+)>c(OH?) 12.利用生物燃料电池原理研究室温下氨的合成，电池工作时MV2+/MV+在电极与酶之间传递电子，示意图如下所示。下列说法错误的是 A. 相比现有工业合成氨，该方法条件温和，同时还可提供电能 B. 阴极区，氢化酶作用下发生反应H2+2MV2+2H++2MV+ C. 正极区，固氮酶催化剂，N2发生还原反应生成NH3 D. 电池工作时质子通过交换膜由负极区向正极区移动 13.科学家合成出了一种新化合物（如图所示），其中W、X、Y、Z为同一短周期元素，Z核外最外层电子数