高考英语定语从句详细解析

高考英语定语从句详细解析

在句中修饰名词或代词的从句，因其修饰作用相当于形容词，故称形容词性从句，即通常所说的定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，区别定语从句和名词性从句的最简易的办法就是看从句前有无被修饰的先行词。引导定语从句的关系词既起着联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。这些关系词包括：

1）关系代词：先行词为人：________、_________ 、_______、________。

先行词为物：________、________、________、________ 。

2）关系副词：_________ 、_______、________。

注意：引导定语从句的关系词和引导名词性从句的连接词有许多是共用的，但它们在从句中的作用有所不同，注意区别。尤其要注意的是what只能引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后，但有时也被一个短语隔开。例如：

I was the only person in my office who was invited.

1．关系代词的用法：关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语等成分。

The comrade ______ visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster.（作主语）

He is no longer the man ______ he used to be. （作表语）

This is the book ______ I referred to in my talk. (作宾语)

Wei Fang is the student ______ home caught fire last week. (作定语)

使用关系代词值得注意以下几点：

①that, which在从句中作主语时，不能省略；作宾语时，在口语和非正式语中经常省略。whom 也常可省略。例如：He is the man (whom) you have been looking for. （作宾语）②that, which在从句中作主语时，如果先行词前面有序数词、最高级以及有the only，the very等修饰时，只能用that, 不能用which。如果先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, little, much等不定代词；或是先行词被all, every, some, any, no, few, little等不定代词修饰时,一般要用that，但是something后面既可用that也可用which。例如：

Titanic is the best film ______ has been shown this year.

The only thing ______ matters is to find our way home.

This is the very magazine ______ you are after.

I’ll do all______ I can to help you.

Is there anything______ I can do for you in town?

There is something______ keeps worrying me. “有一件事一直令我不安。

③如果主句是由who，which，what 引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，先行词后的引导词要用that，而不用who或which。例如：

Who is the man ______ is reading the newspaper over there?

Which is the dictionary ______ you bought yesterday?

注意：当先行词是anyone, those, he, she等代词表“人”时，一般用who而不用that。同时要注意主谓一致的问题，即从句中谓语动词的数要由who所指代的“人”所决定.

Anyone who want s a ticket please sign your name here.

Those who want to go to the English party must be at the school gate by 7:30 p.m.

He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.

④whose在定语从句中置于名词之前，充当定语，既可指人，又可指物。whose xx = the xx of which（指物）/whom（指人）。例如：

Please pass me the dictionary whose cover is black. （指物）

=Please pass me the dictionary ___________________ is black.

The doctor, whose name was Johnson, lived in a small town in the north of England. （指人）

=The doctor, _________________ was Johnson, lived in a small town in the north of England.

⑤介词+关系代词的用法

关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whom。

介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定；也可结合句意，根据先行词确定。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。例如：

The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.

=The palace _______________ I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.

I need a pen ________________ I can write a letter.

a. He was educated at the local high school, ______ he went on to Beijing University. [2007 江苏卷]

A. after which

B. after that

C. in which

D. in that

b. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose. [2007 重庆卷] A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which

但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置。如：

Is this the book (which/that) you are looking for? ( 这里介词for一般不提前，因为look for是固定词组，意为“寻找”，介词for若被提前，单个的look意为“看”，句意不符。)

⑥先行词既有人又有物时，引导词只用that。例如：

They talked about the persons and things (that) they remembered in the school.

⑦先行词是the way时，且在从句中充当方式状语时，其后的定语从句关系词有三种，例如：

I like the way ______________ the teacher gives his lessons.

Marx told us the way __ we could learn a foreign language well. A. why B. how C. which D. when

2．关系副词的用法

关系副词when, where, why, 在从句中充当状语，分别可表时间、地点或原因。但要注意与先行词在从句中做主语或宾语的情况相区别。

I will never forget the day ________ I first came to Beijing.

This is the house ________ Lu Xun once lived.

Can you tell me the reason ______ you sold your new car?

Eg. I will remember the cottage ____ I built with my wife ten years ago.

A. where

B. that

C. in which

D. in that

I will remember the cottage ____ I was shut with my wife ten years ago.

A. where

B. that

C. which

D. in that

Eg. Have you asked her for the last reason _______ may explain her absence?

A. why

B. that

C. because that

D. which

It is for this reason ____ the clear sky over the mountain appears blue.

A. for which

B. why

C. because

D. that

c. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly. A. which B. as C. why D. where

d. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity __ sight matters more than hearing.

A. when

B. whose

C. which

D. where

3．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用，是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，去掉后主句意义就变得不明确，这种主句和从句的关系十分密切，主句与从句之间没有逗号分隔。例如：This is a shop that sells personal computers.// The watch that I bought yesterday works well.

非限制性定语从句与主句之间的关系相对松散一些，它对先行词起补充说明作用，去掉后不影响主句意义。因此，一些具有区别意义的专有名词及一些表示“唯一”概念的人或物后面常用此类从句。这类从句与主句之间有逗号隔开。例如：

We are all proud of the Great Wall, which is one of the man-made wonders of the world.

My father, who is a doctor, often encourages me to work hard.

e. Eric received training in computer for one year, ___ he found a job in a big company. [2007 辽宁卷]

A. after that

B. after which

C. after it

D. after this 一种特殊的非限制性定语从句

在非限制性定语从句中，有时根据句子意思，常把some, any, none, all, both, several, many, most, neither, either等词、分数或百分比与of whom或of which连用。同时要注意主谓一致的问题，即从句中谓语动词的数要由xx of whom或xx of which所指代的“人”或“物”所决定. He has five children, two of whom are abroad. (比较：He has five children, and _______ are abroad.)

f. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it. [2007 安徽卷]

A. none of them

B. both of them

C. none of whom

D. neither of whom 4．定语从句中as的用法

1）as引导的限制性定语从句：

当先行词前有as, the same, such, so修饰时，关系代词常用as。例如：

As many members as were present agreed to the plan.

I’d like to have the same books ___________________ 与你们学校用的一样.

He is not such a person ____________________.我期待的那个人

2）as引导的非限制性定语从句与which引导的非限制性定语从句的异同

which和as都可以指代主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，有时可以互换：

Our team lost the game, as/which was reported in the newspaper.

She was terrified, as/which I could see from her eyes.

区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前面、插在主句中间或放在主句末尾；而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在先行词后面或主句后面。例如：

As anybody can see, the elephant is like a snake.

=The elephant, _________________, is like a snake.

=The elephant is like a snake,__________________.

Mary was late again, which made the teacher angry.（此处不能用as, 为什么？看课后作业第21题）

as引导的从句有“正如”、“正像”之意，而which则无此意。常用句型有：as we all know, as is known to all, as everybody can see, as is expected等。如：

As we all know, paper was first made in China.

as 引导的从句在意义上不能与主句相抵触，而which不受此限制。试比较：

He did the experiment successfully, _______ had been expected.

He failed in the experiment, ________ was unexpected.

5. 随堂练习：

1. I have many friends, some are businessmen.

A．of them B．from which C．who of D．of whom

2. — Why does she always ask you for help? — There is no one else ___ , is there?

A. who to turn to

B. she can turn to

C. for whom to turn to

D. for her to turn

3. If a shop has chairs __ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.

A. that

B. which

C. when

D. where

4. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was stuck by floods, from __ effects the people are still suffering.

A. that

B. whose

C. those

D. what

5. Mark was a student at this university from 2015to 2019, ______________he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union.

A．during which time B．for which time C．during whose time D．by that time

6. Her sister has become a lawyer, ___________she wanted to be.

A. who

B. that

C. what

D. which

7. Frank’s dream was to have his own shop_______ to produce the workings of his own hands. A．that B．in which C．by which D．how

8. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ___ they are being trained. A．in that B．for that C．in which D．for which

9. The way he did it was different __________we were used to.

A．in which B．in what C．from what D．from which

10. I walked in our garden, ___ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. A．which B．when C．where D．that

语法总复习之------ 定语从句（形容词性从句）

在句中修饰名词或代词的从句，因其修饰作用相当于形容词，故称形容词性从句，即通常所说的定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，区别定语从句和名词性从句的最简易的办法就是看从句前有无被修饰的先行词。引导定语从句的关系词既起着联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。这些关系词包括：

1）关系代词：先行词为人：who, whom, that, whose

先行词为物：which, that, whose

2）关系副词：when, where, why （how）

注意：引导定语从句的关系词和引导名词性从句的连接词有许多是共用的，但它们在从句中的作用有所不同，注意区别。尤其要注意的是what只能引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后，但有时也被一个短语隔开。例如：

I was the only person in my office who was invited.

1．关系代词的用法：关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语等成分。

The comrade who visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster.（作主语）

He is no longer the man (that) he used to be. （作表语）

This is the book（that/which）I referred to in my talk. (作宾语)

Wei Fang is the student whose home caught fire last week. (作定语)

使用关系代词值得注意以下几点：

①that, which在从句中作主语时，不能省略；作宾语时，在口语和非正式语中经常省略。whom 也常可省略。例如：

He is the man (whom) you have been looking for. （作宾语）

②that, which在从句中作主语时，如果先行词前面有序数词、最高级以及有the only，the very等修饰时，只能用that, 不能用which。如果先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, little, much等不定代词；或是先行词被all, every, some, any, no, few, little等不定代词修饰时,一般要用that，但是something后面既可用that也可用which。例如：Titanic is the best film that has been shown this year.

The second time that I visited The Summer Palace was in the fall of 1998.

The only thing that matters is to find our way home.

This is the very magazine that you are after.

I ‘ll do all that I can to help you.

Is there anything (that) I can do for you in town?

There is something that/which keeps worrying me. “有一件事一直令我不安。

③如果主句是由who，which，what 引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，先行词后的引导词要用that，而不用who或which。例如：

Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?

Which is the dictionary (that) you bought yesterday?

注意：当先行词是anyone, those, he, she等代词表“人”时，一般用who而不用that。同时要注意主谓一致的问题，即从句中谓语动词的数要由who所指代的“人”所决定.

Anyone who wants a ticket please sign your name here.

Those who want to go to the English party must be at the school gate by 7:30 p.m.

He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.

④whose在定语从句中置于名词之前，充当定语，既可指人，又可指物。whose xx = the xx of which（指物）/whom（指人）。例如：

Please pass me the dictionary whose cover is black. （指物）

=Please pass me the dictionary the cover of which is black.

The doctor, whose name was Johnson, lived in a small town in the north of England. （指人）=The doctor, the name of whom was Johnson, lived in a small town in the north of England.

⑤介词+关系代词的用法

关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whom。

介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定；也可结合句意，根据先行词确定。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。例如：

The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.

=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.

The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.

=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.

The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our company.

Last night I had a dream in which I became a Nobel Prize winner.

I need a pen with which I can write a letter.

但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置。如：

Is this the book (which/that) you are looking for? ( 这里介词for一般不提前，因为look for是固定词组，意为“寻找”，介词for若被提前，单个的look意为“看”，句意不符。)

⑥先行词既有人又有物时，引导词只用that。例如：

They talked about the persons and things (that) they remembered in the school.

⑦先行词是the way时，其后的定语从句关系词有三种，例如：

I like the way （in which/that）the teacher gives his lessons.

Marx told us the way ____ we could learn a foreign language well.

A. why

B. how*

C. which

D. when

2．关系副词的用法

关系副词when, where, why, 在从句中充当状语，分别可表时间、地点或原因。但要注意与先行词在从句中做主语或宾语的情况相区别。

I will never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.

This is the house where Lu Xun once lived.

Can you tell me the reason why you sold your new car?

Eg. I will remember the cottage ____ I built with my wife ten years ago.

A. where

B. that

C. in which

D. in that

I will remember the cottage ____ I was shut with my wife ten years ago.

A. where

B. that

C. which

D. in that

Eg. Have you asked her for the last reason _______ may explain her absence?

A. why

B. that

C. because that

D. which

It is for this reason ____ the clear sky over the mountain appears blue.

A. for which

B. why

C. because

D. that

3．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用，是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，去掉后主句意义就变得不明确，这种主句和从句的关系十分密切，主句与从句之间没有逗号分隔。例如：This is a shop that sells personal computers. // The watch that I bought yesterday works well. 非限制性定语从句与主句之间的关系相对松散一些，它对先行词起补充说明作用，去掉后不影响主句意义。因此，一些具有区别意义的专有名词及一些表示“唯一”概念的人或物后面常用此类从句。这类从句与主句之间有逗号隔开。例如：

We are all proud of the Great Wall, which is one of the man-made wonders of the world.

My father, who is a doctor, often encourages me to work hard.

一种特殊的非限制性定语从句

在非限制性定语从句中，有时根据句子意思，常把some, any, none, all, both, several, many, most, neither, either等词、分数或百分比与of whom或of which连用。同时要注意主谓一致的问题，即从句中谓语动词的数要由xx of whom或xx of which所指代的“人”或“物”所决定. He has five children, two of whom are abroad.

(比较：He has five children, and two of them are abroad.)

We have tested three hundred types of boots, none of which is/are completely waterproof.

(比较：We have tested three hundred types of boots, but none of them is/are completely waterproof.)

4．定语从句中as的用法

1）as引导的限制性定语从句：

当先行词前有as, the same, such, so修饰时，关系代词常用as。例如：

As many members as were present agreed to the plan.

I’d like to have the same books as are used in your school.

He is not such a person as I expected.

2）as引导的非限制性定语从句与which引导的非限制性定语从句的异同

which和as都可以指代主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，有时可以互换：

Our team lost the game, as/which was reported in the newspaper.

She was terrified, as/which I could see from her eyes.

区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前面、插在主句中间或放在主句末尾；而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在先行词后面或主句后面。例如：

As anybody can see, the elephant is like a snake.

=The elephant, as anybody can see, is like a snake.

=The elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see.

Mary was late again, which made the teacher angry.

as引导的从句有“正如”、“正像”之意，而which则无此意。常用句型有：

as we all know, as is known to all, as everybody can see, as is expected等。如：As we all know, paper was first made in China.

as 引导的从句在意义上不能与主句相抵触，而which不受此限制。试比较：He did the experiment successfully, as had been expected.

He failed in the experiment, which was unexpected.

2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-定语从句(解析版)

2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-定语从句（解析 版） 【2020年】 1.（2020·江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free. A. whose B. which C. when D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which 引导。故选B。 3.（2020·天津卷）Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。 3.（2020·新课标Ⅲ卷）In ancient China lived an artist61 paintings were almost lifelike. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 【2019年】 1.【2019·江苏卷】We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. which B. what C. when D. that 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。 2.【2019·天津卷】Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. A. why B. where C. which D. what 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can

定语从句高考真题及答案

定语从句十年高考真题汇编 1.【2012全国卷II】⒏ That evening, ______I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when 2.【2012安徽】29. A lot of language learning, ______has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period. A. as B. it C. which D. this 3.【2012重庆】29. Sales director is a position ______communication ability is just as important as sales skills. A. which B. that C. when D. where 4.【2012北京】26. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A. that B. which C. where D. when 5.【2012福建】23. The air quality in the city, _____ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. A. that B. it C. as D. what 6.【2012陕西】14. It is the third time that she has won the race, ____ has surprised us all. A. that B. where C. which D. what 7.【2012山东】23. Maria has written two novels, both of ___ have been made into television series. A. them B. that C. which D. what 8.【2012湖南】34. Care of the soul is a gradual process ____ even the small details of life should be considered. A. what B. in what C. which D. in which 9.【2012天津】7. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ____ help I would never have got this far. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which 10.【2012江西】28. By 16:30, ____ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold. A. which B. when C. what D. that 11.【2012四川】13. In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses. A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them 12.【2012浙江】9. We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which 13.【2012浙江】17. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. A. which B. who C. where D. whom 14.【2012江苏】22. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ____ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive. A. which B. who C. where D. what 15.【2011全国卷I】The prize will go to the writer _____ story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose D. what 16. 【2011全国卷II】Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _____ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. A. this B. that C. what D. which 17.【2011北京卷】Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _____, of course, make all the others upset. A. who B. which C. what D. that 18.【2011上海卷】You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station _____ you can hire to reach your host family. A. which B. where C. when D. as 19.【2011山东卷】The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____ are built close to each other. A. they B. where C. what D. that 20.【2011江西卷】She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____ had taken more than three years. A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which 21.【2011江苏卷】Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _____ the audience can buy ice-cream. A. when B. where C. that D. which 22.【2011安徽卷】Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks. A. when B. which C. where D. while 23. 【2011浙江卷】English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _____ uses it somewhat differently. A. which B. what C. them D. those 24. 【2011浙江卷】A bank is the place _____ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when

定语从句考点解析(Word版附答案)

定语从句考点解析（Word版附答案） 一、定语从句 1．—Is that all? —Yes. That’s all ______ I want to take. A．which B．that C．who D．whose 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：-就这些？-是的。这就是我所想要的。which哪一个；that那；who谁；whose谁的。先行词all在定语从句中作宾语，可用关系代词that代替。所以选B。 【考点定位】考查关系代词。 2．Don’t throw away pens and erasers ________ you haven’t used up. A．where B．which C．who D．what 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：不要扔掉你还没用完的钢笔和橡皮。考查定语从句引导词。what不引导定语从句，可排除D。where表示地点；which表示事物；who表示人。本句先行词pens and erasers （钢笔和橡皮）是物，需用which引导；根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。 3．—Which song do you like better, Lucy? —I prefer the song Little Apple________ can attract many people. A．which B．who C．whom D．where 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：本题考查定语从句中的关系代词。先行词是the song Little Apple, 指物，且关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故which符合题意。 4．A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．whom B．whose C．who D．which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：真正的朋友是一个帮助你并且让你感动的人。考查定语从句的关系词。本句中先行词 person为定语从句的逻辑主语，且指人，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who；结合句意和选项可知选C。 【点睛】 在定语从句中，当先行词是人时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词

高中英语复习专题：定语从句(含知识要点,典型例题和解析)

高中英语复习专题：定语从句 一．概述 She is the girl who likes singing . 她是个喜欢唱歌的女孩。 ↓ ↓ ↘ 先行词 引导词 定语从句 定语从句：在句中作定语，修饰主句中的一个名词或代词，通常出现在先行词之后，由引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。只作整个句子的一个成份，起修饰和说明的作用。 关系代词：在从句中可作主语、宾语或定语 关系副词：在从句中作地点、时间或原因状语 结构： 主句的先行词 + 引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引导的定语从句 ↓ ↓ 二. 关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as 的基本用法 1. who ：在从句中作主语，只可指人 ①The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.

经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语） ②Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.任何犯法的人都应受到惩罚。（作主语） 2. whom：who的宾格，在从句中作宾语，只可指人 ①Who is the teacher whom Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？ ②The professor whom you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 3. whose：属格，在从句中作定语，可指人或物。 ①Who is the girl whose father is a doctor? 父亲是医生的那个女孩是谁？ ②I want the book whose cover is red. 我要封面是红色的那本书。 ③I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 【★】指人/物时，常用下列结构来代替whose+n.= the+n.+of which/ the+n.+of whom 或of which+the+n./ of whom+the+n. ①她就是我们班上发音最好的学生。 She is the student whose pronunciation is the best in our class. the pronunciation of whom is the best in our class. of whom the pronunciation is the best in our class. ②你看到窗户破了的房子吗？ Do you notice the house whose window is broken? the window of which is broken? of which the window is broken? 4. that：作主语、★宾语（可省略），可指人或物 ①Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语） ②China is not the country that she used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了。(that作主语) ③The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语可省略） 5. which：作主语、★宾语（可省略），指物 ①Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。（作主语） ②The film （which）we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语） ③This is the pen (which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。（作宾语）

高中英语语法定语从句总结全

高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ、概念: (１) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词（antｅcedｅｎt)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语，或整个主句。 (3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。 关系词得作用: 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词; ２) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语，状语) 常用得关系代词: ｔhat、wｈｉcｈ、wｈo、whom、wｈosｅ,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语）、why(原因状语)、wｈe ｒｅ（地点状语） 可以修饰人得关系代词:thａt, ｗho，wｈｏｍ,whosｅ 可以修饰事得关系代词:tｈat, whｉcｈ, as，whose, The studeｎt who answerｅd ｔhe ｑuestion was John、 Ｉkｎow thｅｒeasoｎwhy he wａｓso angｒy、 The bｏy （wｈom) ｙou are taｌkｉnｇｔo is myｂrotｈｅｒ、 Ｉ'd likｅ a ｒoｏｍwhose window fａｃesｔｈe sea、 定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词; 第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语); 第三选择合适得关系词。 Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法: ●tｈat:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于whｏ或wｈｏｍ;指物时,相当于whiｃh)（一般不用于非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语) 如: 1、A lｅtteｒthaｔ／which is wrｉtｔen in peｎcｉl is diffiｃult ｔo ｒead、（主语) 2、Do yｏu kｎｏw tｈe gentleman ｔhａｔ/ｗｈｏspoke just ｎｏw? 3、Ｙou can takｅａnything ( ｔhat)you like、(宾语) 4、Whaｔｉs thｅquestiｏｎ(ｔhat/whｉｃh) they aｒｅｔalｋing about? 5、Hｅreｉs theｍan （wｈo／whom/ｔhat) yｏu want tｏsee、 6、Ｓhe＇s no longeｒthe girl( that) sｈeｕsｅd to ｂe befｏre、（表语） 7、Ｏuｒhometｏwn iｓno ｌonger ｔhｅoｎe (thａt)it usｅｄto ｂe、(=Ｏｕr homeｔｏｗn iｓｎot tｈe sａｍe as it uｓed tｏｂe、 = Our hｏmｅtｏwn is diffeｒenｔfrom what iｔｕｓｅｄtｏｂe。 =Ouｒhometｏｗn ｉs notｗhａt it uｓed to ｂe、) ●which：指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语。如： 1、Thｅboｏk which/thａｔwas ｏn the ｄeｓkｗａsｂought bｙｍy fatｈer、(主语) 2、Tｈｅboｏk(whiｃh/tｈaｔ) Ｉｂｏught yesteｒdaｙｉs very

高中英语定语从句教案

教学过程 一、复习预习 1、对上节课课后作业中的问题进行查漏补缺； 2、导入： e.g. She is a beautiful girl. She is a beautiful girl who drives me crazy. 二、知识讲解 （一）定语从句定义

1、定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面。 2、先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词。 3、关系词：用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。 关系代词的种类： 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词：when, where, why 4、定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。 a、There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her. b、In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. c、Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie. d、Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story. （二）定语从句分类 限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，对先行词起修饰限定作用，从句与先行词紧密相连，缺少它则句义显得不完整，一般不用逗号隔开。非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词关系松散，用逗号隔开。 1、The man who gave me this book is T om .(限定性) 2、T om,who is reading a book ,is my classmate (非限定性) （三）关系代词 1、who指人，在定语从句中作主语。 e.g. The man who is sitting under the tree is a German . 2、Whom指人，在句中做宾语，可省略，但在做介词的宾语是只能用whom,不能用who。关系代词前有介词时不能省略。 e.g. I know the girl (whom) the teacher is speaking to . I know the girl to whom the teacher is speaking . 3、whose, 作定语，可指人或物 e.g. Everyone heplps the child whose parents are dead. They are the lazy students whose homework wasn’t handed in . 4、that 指人或物，多指物，作主语（不能省略）或宾语（可省略） e.g. He is the finest comrade that has helped us . This is a plant that grows in the north . 5、which ,指物，在句中做主语（不能省略），或宾语（可省略）。 e.g. This is a plant which grows in the north . ☆常用that不用which的情况 1、当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代词时，只用that。 歌诀助记：不定代词这路货，全用that准没错。 Pay attention to everything that I do.

语法知识—定语从句的真题汇编及解析

一、选择题 1．My favorite city is Guilin ________ is famous for it's beautiful scenery (风景). A．where B．what C．which D．who 2．—Do you know the man is talking with our teacher? —Oh, he is Tony’s father. A．which B．who C．whose D．what 3．Stephen Curry is a great basketball player ____is popular in the United States and even in China. A．which B．who C．what 4．—Qingdao is the most beautiful city ________ I’ve ever been to. —So it is. Many international meetings are held there every year. A．that B．which C．who D．where 5．Lily doesn’t know what she and her friends can do to help the little boy _______parents have left their hometown for making money. A．that B．who C．whom D．whose 6．After retiring, my teacher Mr. Dai moved to the village he was born sixty years ago. A．when B．which C．where D．what 7．This is the best movie_________ I have ever seen. A．that B．it C．which D．what 8．Yuan Longping is a Chinese scientist __________ is leading a research to develop sea rice. A．whose B．which C．who 9．— Have you heard of the famous Huawei company? —Sure. It’s one of the greatest companies ________ make us Chinese proud. A．which B．that C．what D．who 10．A detective is someone ____________looks for clues to something important. A．whom B．who C．what D．which 11．Liu Xiang is the first player in Asia _________ won the gold prize in the 110-hurdle race in the 28th Olympic Games. A．which B．who C．whom D．that 12．Do you know the girl_______ is drawing a picture? A．when B．whose C．which D．who 13．—Have you heard of Junko Tabei? —Yes, she was the first woman ________ succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma. A．who B．whom C．which D．that 14．I want to search for some information about Confucius________I can use for the report. A．who B．what C．which D．whom 15．The four tools _________ people use for Chinese handwriting are called“Four Treasures of Study”.

高中英语定语从句知识点难点与考点解析

高中英语语法重点难点回顾――定语从句 用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物 主语Who which that 主语Whom which that 宾语Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which) 例1：This is the detective who came from London. 例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. 例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old. 例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in. 2．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are present burst into tears. (2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如： (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如： There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。 (6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which 引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。 (7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。 (8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如： The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. (9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用who 或whom，不用which。例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you? 3．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构

(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关

高考英语定语从句讲解+习题-

在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句，所以，也称作形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。 提示：关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。 I I . 我把我所有的钱都给了她。（连接先特词和定语从句I ） 2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 a . 住在隔壁的那个人是个名师。（替代） 3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 I . 我喜欢传统的中国画。（在定语从句中作主语） 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词主要有, , , , 等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 A． 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 ? 借钱给你的那人叫什么名字？（定语从句修饰先行词） . 谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。（定语从句修饰先行词） , , . 会议主席坐在我右边，他先发言。（定语从句修饰先行词） B． 指人，在定语从句中做宾语。在口语或非正式文体中，可省略或可用来代替，但在介词后面以及在非限制性定语从句中只能用。 . 有些人我们是喜欢的，有些人则是我们讨厌的。（定语从句分别修饰先行词, ） I . 和我一起工作的人都很友好。（定语从句修饰先行词） . , I , . . , I , . 昨晚我在电话里和卡特先生交谈过，他对我们的计划很感兴趣。（非限制性定语从句中不能用代替） , I , . 两个人来到我的办公室，我以前从未见过他们。（在介词后面不用） C． 人、物皆可，做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词，先行词和后面的名词之间往往是从属关系。 . 有些人，他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。（定语从句修饰先行词） I . 我看见一些树的树叶由于空气污染而发黑。（定语从句修饰行词） D． 1．指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。做宾语时常可省略。

高考近5年全国卷真题语法专项-定语从句

定语从句 一．考点概述： 本考点是历年高考中考查的重点，主要考查关系代词(who, which,that,whose,whom)和关系副词（when, where, why）的用 法；考查形式：语法填空和短文改错；其次阅读理解和完型填空中长难 句的分析等 二．考点聚焦 功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语 位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后 例如： He is the man who studies in USA. 本句中涉及到三个概念： 1.先行词即 the man：被定语从句饰的词称为先行词 先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样 可作先行词。 2. 引导词即who:起连接的作用 引导词分两类：关系代词和关系副词 关系代词：who;which;that;whose;whom 关系副词：when;where;why 3.从句即studies in USA.：引导词之后的句子。 三．考点精讲 1. 关系代词 : who;which; that; whom; whose 其中关系代词who;which;that;whom用于后面的从句缺主语或宾语的情况 (1)who:指代先行词是人(可做从句的主语或宾语)

She is the girl who I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) That is the man who teaches us English.(从句缺主语) (2)which:指代先行词是物（做从句的主语或宾语） That is the book which I want.(从句缺宾语) There is a bird which stands in the building.(从句缺主语) (3)that: 指代先行词是人或物（做从句的主语或宾语） She is the girl who/that I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) There is a bird which/that stands in the building.(从句缺主语) (4)whom;指代先行词是人，但只用于从句是缺宾语的情况。 She is the girl who/whom I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) That is the man whom teaches us English.(从句缺主语,本句用whom是错误的) (5)whose:指代从句中缺定语的情况（表示所属关系） That is the building whose windows broke last night.(本句中的windows是属于 the building构成一种所属关系即缺少building’s) 2.关系副词：when;where;why(该三个词主要用于从句是不缺主语或是宾语的情况 即从句是个完整句) (1) when:指代先行词表时间如：time；month;year;occasion等(形式上等于介词 +which) I still remember the day when /on which I came to Beijing.(该从句是一个完整的句子，先行词是the day在从句中需要加个介词on来做状语的成分即I came to Beijing on the day) (2)where :指代先行词是地点的词如：place;house;school;也可以是模糊的词如：point;stage;work;situation等(形式上等于介词+which) That is the place where/in which I was born .(该从句I was born也是一个完整句，即不缺主语或宾语的，此时where可以换成in which) (3)why:指代先行词是表原因的词即：reason（形式上只能是等于for+which) That is the reason why/for which he was late for school.