2020高考英语之短文改错解题技巧

2020高考英语之短文改错解题技巧

一、短文改错设置的错误的主要类型

短文改错设置的错误的主要类型有：⑴名词的单复数；⑵动词的时态和语态；⑶非谓语动词；⑷介词的搭配；⑸主谓一致性；⑹不定冠词与定冠词；⑺固定词组的搭配；⑻行文逻辑一致性；⑼词性的混淆；⑽同义词辨异；⑾连词的误用；⑿代词的格与数；⒀句子成份残缺等。归纳为语法错误、词汇错误和上下文关系错误。这些错误大致涉及以下几个方面：

（一）一致性问题

所涉及的一致性问题主要包括主谓一致、时态、语态一致、代词指代一致、名词的数与格的一致、句式结构与语意一致、行文关系的一致。例如：主谓不一致 There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.

讲解：原句中a football game决定了谓语动词必须用单数，所以应该把 were 改为was.

（二）词性问题

词性问题不单单是识别的问题，能够说出所给单词的词性，并不说明能够在句中找出用错词性的地方。其主要目的是检测考生是否真正了解主要词类的语法作用及其在句中的经常性位置，如名词在句中一般作主语、宾语、表语，动词作谓语，形容词充当表语、定语和宾补，而副词则充当状语，修饰形容词、动词乃至句子。名词主要考察能力：单复数混用和出题形式：

1、单复数混用

Helen is seventeen year old. She is very busy.

讲解：“年龄多大了”应该为复数形式，因此应该把year改为years。注意：代词单复数混用类似。

As for afriendship, we can readily find them in our classmates and other people around us.

讲解：显然应该把 them改为it，指代前面提及的friendship。此句话意思是“就友谊来说，我们可以很容易地从我们的同学和周围的人中找到。”

形容词/副词主要考察能力：两者之间是否混用。

出题形式：形容词与副词混用。即该用形容词的地方原文用了副词，该用副词的

地方原文用了形容词。

①副词代替正确形容词出现在文章当中

During the football season, Helen is much busier than usually.

讲解：很明显“与平时相比较更忙”，因此需要把usually改为usual。

②形容词代替正确副词出现在文章当中

As the time clock showed one minute and forty-two seconds left in the game, she began cheering excited, “Come on-get going!”

讲解：原文意思是说比赛还剩一分四十二秒时，她开始兴奋地叫道-----，显然应把excited改为excitedly，用来修饰动词cheer。

介词主要考察能力：（特别是与动词的）固定搭配。

2、出题形式：

①介词省略

I’m sure you will get rid the sorrow and unhappiness caused by the disaster.

讲解：getrid of 是固定搭配，意思为“摆脱，除去”

②介词多余

My wife is also happy because of I have given up smoking.

讲解：这里显然是对because of与because用法的辨别区分。前者不能接句子，而后者充当连词可以接句子。所以应该把of去掉。

③介词用错(一般为固定搭配)

I pick out her false hair and said, “Don’t be sad, Miss.”

讲解：pick out应该为pick up。pick out挑选的意思；pick up捡起的意思。

连词主要考察能力：前后两句话之间的衔接关系。

常考三种关系：but转折,and并列,because原因

① One day, my wife and I went shopping at a store. We drove the car but we had a lot of things to buy.

讲解：显然原文中所要表达的意思是“我们开车去的原因是因为我们要买好多东西”，所以应该把 but 改为because/as/for。

② Chatting online, students can more freely express their feelings and opinions, but improve their English if they are talking with native speakers.

讲解：原文表达的意思是“通过网上聊天，学生能够更加轻松自由地表达自己的想法和观点，并且如果他们同外国人交谈，能够提高他们的英语水平。”所以前后句之间是并列关系，应该把but改为and.

（三）词语固定搭配

主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配；副词与动词的固定搭配；及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词，英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。

I have given up smoke. The dog doesn’t like the smell.

讲解：give up doing sth。因此动词smoke应该改为smoking。

（四）句子首尾的位置

句子首尾是学生最不注意却容易丢分的地方。命题者故意在句首或句尾设置错误，如果把错误改在上句，那么就会影响下句，容易顾此失彼，尤其是在词语的固定搭配上，此类型的题近两年出现频率有所增加，也是容易失分的句子。

二、短文改错的思路

第一步必须熟悉设错方式

1. 必须熟悉设错方式：多词、少词、错词。

⑴多词现象大多出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。

⑵少词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、副词、助动词、不定式符号to、连词等。

⑶错词现象主要在冠词、介词、名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、代词、连词、词形。

2. 平时应加强基本功训练，用一个“错题集”本把自己或同学在书面表达中出现的错误归纳一下，以便考前复习。

短文改错与书面表达一样，最能反映一个人的语言功底。大家在该题上失分最厉害，因为此题而影响英语总成绩的占大多数。

第二步对全文宏观把握

大家应把改错内容当作一篇小短文来理解，这样能对短文有个宏观把握，对上下文有全面的了解。

在理解篇章的基础上逐句审读，分析判断，上下兼顾，把明显的、拿的准的题先做完，这样可以缩小包围圈，也有助于对全文的进一步理解。

第三步从语法角度审查

1. 查看时态是否一致。

My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team. 全文都是用的一般现在时，此句中的was显然与上下文语境不符，应改为am。

2. 查看主谓是否一致。

Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. cost应改为costs，因其主语是it(为形式主语)，且上下文均为一般现在时。

3. 查指代是否一致。

The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.句中的主语the Smiths表的是Smith一家人，因此指示代词his应改为their。

4. 查平行结构是否平行一致。

由and, or, but, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., as well as等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。

It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home. 句中的drove显然与and前面的to meet不平行，应改为drive。

5. 查名词的单复数与修饰词语或上下文是否一致。

We study quite a few subject, such as Maths, Chinese... quite a few 只能修饰复数名词，故subject应改为subjects。

6. 查行文逻辑是否一致。

Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill.根据行文逻辑，这里不应该由since来引导原因状语从句，而应该是when

/whenever或if来引导时间或条件状语从句。

第四步十大常见错误

短文改错是有一定的规律可循的，纵观近几年的高考试题及我们平常的模拟考试，可以发现短文改错主要有以下十大错误：

1. 形容词与副词的误用。

如exciting与excited，hard与hardly，possible与possibly，here与there等，以及形容词与副词的比较级与最高级。

2. 名词的单复数误用。

如在several，many，various，different，a few，one of等之后，常用名词的复数，在every与each之后常用单数。

3. 代词的误用。

如you与your，it’s与its，it与they或them，one与ones，宾格(如me)与反身代词(如myself)等的误用。

4. 介词的误用、缺少或多余。

常见的如in 与on，to与for，instead与instead of，because与because of等的误用。

5. 时态的错误。

看一篇文章，要有一种大局观，要上前下挂，看看上下文的时态是否一致。

6. 连词的误用。

如or与and的误用，and与but的误用，so与but的误用，because或since与so连用，though与but连用等。

7. 第三人称单数后的动词形式。

8. 一些固定结构的误用。

如so...that被误用作very...that，too...to被误用very...to，as...as被误作so...as等。

9. 定语从句中关系词的误用。

10. 一些常用词的误用。

如what与how，except与besides，any与some以及它们的合成词如anything 与something，anywhere与somewhere等混淆不清。

第五步验证答案

改完后，要回过头来重读一遍全文，查看改过后是否能使语气通顺，时态一致，合乎逻辑。再次通读可以在初改时感觉不顺的地方集中精力，仔细推敲，使答案更加准确。

三、高考英语单句改错练习100题（含答案）

1. Now people get a lot of informations from TV.

2. German is a European country.

3. They didn’t want me to do any work at family.

4. Yesterday I met an old friend of my father.

5. Boys and girls, don’t lose hearts. Do better next time.

6. They are of different size.

7. It is so beautiful place that you must visit it.

8. What a terrible weather we have been having!

9. It took place in France, an European country.

10. Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.

11. What good time we had last night!

12. We shall spend three-day holiday together.

13. I came to understand that was not easy to earn money.

14. Some parents think useless for girls to go to school.

15. When he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a secret place.

16. One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.

17. It’s important that we should think over before doing anything.

18. The truck was moving so fast that the driver couldn’t control.

19. I apologized and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.

20. We must take part in the social practice to prepare us well for our future.

21. The teacher did not punish for cheating but instead gave me a second chance.

22. Henry did not like his car, that ran badly and often broke down.

23. There was a five-pound note in the pocket of the trousers I had told her to wash it.

24. People can hardly do some fishing there.

25. I visited a place where is surrounded by mountains.

26. I am sure you will find one you like it.

27. It was yesterday when he broke the window.

28. He had lost his glasses without them he couldn’t see.

29. Oliver Twist, the hero of the story, he was an orphan.

30. It starts with choosing a tree from neither a farm or a store.

31. She never has enough time for that she wants to do.

32. I find what I have one shortcoming in my character.

33. What necessary it is that we get rid of the bad habits .

34. It didn’t matter that I would win or not.

35. People in the US drink more coffee than people in any country.

36. The development will bring us much more hopes and chances.

37. The Olympics are held each four years.

38. A summer, Fane traveled abroad.

39. I hope you think about my request as soon as possibly.

40. I know you are particular interested in Human Rights.

41. As there is no air or water, there can be no life , too.

42. There were too many nice things that I didn’t know what to choose.

43. He decides to travel a lot and visit such many new places as possible.

44. I couldn’t see as clear as before.

45. The water in it is so dirty that it smells terribly.

46. I appreciate your help very well.

47. You always gave me specially attention and inspired me.

48. It was until midnight that it stopped raining.

49. People both at home and abroad have been great helped by the new computer.

50. He has to work if he wants to live comfortable.

51. She is a brave and honesty girl.

52. It is much easy to make plans than to carry them out.

53. It is convenient for me to prepare for the exam than before.

54. He gave me an order worthy 15 million dollars.

55. The tree was put into a Christmas stand that holds the tree up straightly.

56. Is teaching kids English as interested as you expected in college?

57. We had guests last night who had not stayed in it ago.

58. We are all very much active and the activities are enjoyable.

59. If you won’t want to take a taxi, you can go by bus.

60. Our city is a modern city. It set up in the early 1980s.

61. Bad habits not come suddenly.

62. I have caught a bad cold for a week and I can’t get rid of it.

63. Following the road and you will find the store.

64. I rush over without delay, jumped into the water and swam towards him.

65. You must do everything you can help them.

66. When a rabbit see something dangerous, it runs away.

67. Its tail, which is white, moving up and down as it runs.

68. Think perhaps I was too tired, I stood up and was going to sleep.

69. I was often tired and watch TV demands little effort.

70. The little girl hurried home with the remained money.

71. His young patient was soon able to get up and ran about again.

72. It was kind of them to meet me at the station and drove me to their home.

73. She liked it very much and reads it to the class.

74. There were over 1000 students attend it.

75. Is it likely to be any food at the party on Saturday?

76. Please excuse us for not able to say goodbye to you.

77. He spends hours on the telephone, talks to his friends.

78. Filling with many people, the room is crowded.

79. At the interview there are many people who wait to interviewed for jobs.

80. It will cost a rocket a hundred thousand years to reach it.

81. There used to have a church in front of the school.

82. Hope you great success in your work!

83. All you can do is encouraging him, show him understanding and offer him advice.

84. In Friday afternoon, some students took part in a speech activity.

85. In a few weeks the story was returned to her.

86. It was very fine when I got up early on last Sunday morning.

87. I rushed out the house as quickly as I could.

88. It is necessary to decide what is worth taking notice.

89. I had difficulty in grammar after I entered into the school.

90. She could hardly afford for the medical care.

91. But we don’t seem to have much time to talk about together.

92. He was punished because what he had done.

93. The ice isn’t thick enough for us to skate.

94. I gave you my luggage at a quarter of an hour ago.

95. I am writing to thank you with your kind help.

96. He means to come no earlier as that time.

97. We must return back to school this afternoon

98. Child as he is, but he knows a lot.

99. Having been ill for a long time, so she fell behind her classmates.

100. Thinking he happened to have no work to do, and he came back home.

Answers

1-5 informations-information; German-Germany; family-home;father-father’s; hearts-heart;

6-10 size-sizes; a place; 删除a; an-a; 删除a

11-15 a good time; a three-day; that后加it; think后加it; them-it;

16-20 showed后加it; think后加it; control后加it; me-myself;us-ourselves;

21-25 punish后加me;that-which; 删除it; some-any;where-which;

26-30删除it; when-that;them-which; 删除he; neither-either;

31-35 that-what; what-that; What-How; that-whether; any后加other;

36-40 much-many; each-every; A-One; possibly-possible;particular-particularly;

41-45 too-either; too-so; such-as; clear-clearly; terribly-terrible;

46-50 well-much; specially-special; was后加not; great-greatly; comfortable-comfortably;

51-55 honesty-honest; easy-easier; is后加more; worthy-worth; straightly-straight; 56-60 interested-interesting; ago-before; 删除much; won’t-don’t; It后加was; 61-65 habits后加do; caught-hadFollowing-Follow; rush-rushed; can后加to;

66-70 see-sees; moving-moves; think-Thinking; watch-watching;remained-remaining; 71-75 ran-run; drove-drive; reads-read; attend-attending; it-there;

76-80 not后加being;talks-talking; Filling-Filled; to后加be; cost-take;

81-85 have-be; Hope-Wish; encouraging-encourage; In-On; In-After;

86-90 删除on; out后加of notice后加of; 删除into; 删除for

91-95 删除about; because后加of; skate后加on; 删除at; with-for;

96-100 as-than; 删除back; 删除but; 删除so; 删除and;

(完整word)高考英语短文改错的解题技巧与方法

高考英语短文改错的解题技巧与方法 摘要：短文改错是近年高考英语测试题中的一个必考题。其目的是考查学生综合运用英语的准确性,测试考生发现、判断纠正文章错误的能力。 关键词：短文改错准确性上下文正确理解行文逻辑 短文改错题是目前高考英语的必考项目，也是平时期中、期末考试的必考题型，短文改错是融语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性英语试题，旨在考查学生对语言的发现，判断，纠正文章中错误的能力以及对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力。短文改错其实并非难题，但得分率不高。究其原因，主要与学生对短文改错的特点和做题方法有很大的关系。 一．短文改错设置的错误的主要类型 短文改错设置的错误的主要类型有：⑴名词的单复数；⑵动词的词态和语态；⑶非谓语动词；⑷介词的搭配；⑸主谓一致性；⑹不定冠词与定冠词；⑺固定词组的搭配；⑻行文逻辑一致性；⑼词性的混淆；⑽同义词辨异；⑾连词的误用；⑿代词的格与数；⒀句子成份残缺等。归纳为语法错误、词汇错误和上下文关系错误。这些错误大致涉及以下几个方面：（一）一致性问题 所涉及的一致性问题主要包括主谓一致、时态、语态一致、代词指代一致、名词的数与格的一致、句式结构与语意一致、行文关系的一致。例如：主谓不一致 eg: There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening. 讲解：原句中a football game决定了谓语动词必须用单数，所以应该把were改为was。 （二）词性问题 词性问题不单单是识别的问题，能够说出所给单词的词性，并不说明能够在句中找出用错词性的地方。其主要目的是检测考生是否真正了解主要词类的语法作用及其在句中的经常性位置，如名词在句中一般作主语、宾语、表语，动词作谓语，形容词充当表语、定语和宾补，而副词则充当状语，修饰形容词、动词乃至句子。 名词主要考察能力：单复数混用和出题形式： 单复数混用 eg: Helen is seve nteen year old. She is very busy. 讲解：“年龄多大了”应该为复数形式，应此应该把year改为years。注意：代词单复数混用类似。 eg: As for a friendship, we can readily find them in our classmates and other people ar ound us. 讲解：显然因该把them改为it，指代前面提及的friendship。此句话意思是“就友谊来说，我们可以很容易地从我们的同学和周围的人中找到。” 形容词/副词主要考察能力：两者之间是否混用。 出题形式：形容词与副词混用。即该用形容词的地方原文用了副词，该用副词的地方原文用了形容词。 ①副词代替正确形容词出现在文章当中 eg: During the football season, Helen is much busier than usually. 讲解：很明显“与平时相比较更忙”，因此需要把usually改为usual。 ②形容词代替正确副词出现在文章当中 eg: As the time clock showed one minute an d forty-two seconds left in the game, she began cheering excited,“Come on-get going!”

高考英语专题短文改错二十篇1-20

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高考英语短文改错分类解析 解题步骤： 1. 着手篇章，了解大意 考生做短文改错时，不应急于改错，而应先把文章浏览一遍，弄清文章的脉络层次和中心思想，把握作者所采用的时态、语态、人称和数。可以先把短文中明显的错误(如固定词组、词性、单复数)或认为有可能的错误(如句子结构的错误)用铅笔轻轻地标出来，为下一步正式改错做准备。 2. 逐句分析，依句改错 在短文改错中，题随行出、错随句生。因此，考生应在略读全文、把握文章中心思想的基础上，对文章进行逐行逐句研究，从词汇的用法、句子的结构到文章的篇章逻辑都要进行仔细地推敲，把错误之处一一改正过来，切不可孤立地依行改错。若一时发现不了错误，不要揪住一处不放而耽搁太多时间。可以在全文改完以后，再回过头来进行难点突破。若已改出了八、九处错误，剩余一两处实在找不出错误而时间又来不及时，则大胆地打上钩，不留空白。当然，有些考生在考试过程中由于紧张而脾气急躁，一看找不到错处就打勾，这也是不明智的。因为近几年来，该题的出题方式基本稳定，只有一处是正确的。 3. 复读全文，检查核对 考生在做完短文改错题后，务必要把已改好的短文复读一遍，查看是否出现疏漏或遗漏的地方，特别要注意时态、语态、代词所指及人称和数等篇章逻辑方面的问题，检查无误后方可定稿作答。 错误分类解析： 高考英语短文改错分类解析---名词 一、考点规律分析 短文改错的名词考点主要涉及名词的单复数问题，即在该用复数的地方误用其单数，或在该用单数的地方误用其复数。 二、真题单句归纳 (1) We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from a stream. (2) We climb everywhere, not only in America. We have been to Europe many time. (3) There are branch library in many villages. (4) I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon. (5) They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question. (6) We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics. (7) Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day! (8) She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning. (9) She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success. (10) I used to love science class — all of them— biology, chemistry, geography, physics. (11) They did not want me to do any work at family. (12) I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (13) On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. (14) Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. (15) Their word were a great encouragement to me. (16) You know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month. (17) Nowadays millions of people of all age take pleasure in a hobby. (18) You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet. 三、模拟单句演练 (1) Women live longer than men in most country. (2) The film is very interesting. I have seen it many time. (3) It’s said that all the ticket have been sold out. (4) The children spend a lot of times watching TV. (5) I met a lot of interesting peoples on holiday. (6) The flower in the park were all pleasing. (7) He’s getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures. (8) Computer are becoming more and more popular in the country. (9) It’s one of the most interesting book that I’ve ever read. (10) Hearing the news, the woman burst into tear. (11) He hasn’t lived here long, but he has a great many friend here.

(完整版)高中英语短文改错方法与技巧

【解题技巧】 1、通读全文，了解短文大意，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑，尤其是有的行文逻辑方面的错误在看单句时难以发现错误（比如前文用mike，后文代词用she等）。在通读全文时把一些容易的错误先改好，再进行分句改错。 2、分局阅读，逐行找错。在完成第一步后，要进行逐行主句的改错。这是要对文中的词法、句法和语篇角度着重分析和特别注意。 3、最后把改好的短文再阅读一遍，检查答案是否正确，感觉是否还有不妥之处，最终形成定稿。 【考查要点】 1 词法的测试： 2 定冠词和不定冠词的用法，即a, an, the三者的转化与增减。例：A beauty of the West Lake is more than I can describe.正解：A--The 3 名词的单复数和名词所有格。 例：More than one students can’t take in it.正解：students—student 4 动词的时态、语态、语气，情态动词和非谓语动词。

例：He is good at sing songs.正解：sing—singing 5 人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等用法。 例：The book is her.正解：her—hers 6 词性的变化。 例：John deep believed that the God knows everything.正解：deep—deeply 7 并列连词、从属连词的用法。 例：She insisted that the boy told was a lie.正解：that—what 8 形容词、副词以及比较级与最高级的用法。 例：They all exacting by the exacted news.正解：exacting—exacted ; exacted—exacting 9 固定搭配与习惯用法。 例：It happened all of sudden.正解：of 后加a 11、句法的测试： 12 考察英语的一致性现象，主要包括：主谓不一致、代词不一致、

2018高考英语专题短文改错

2018高考英语专题---短文改错 压轴题高分策略之错词 一、考点规律分析 短文改错中，错词所占比重最高，常占整篇短文改错10题中的的6个小题左右。错词的情况也最为复杂，常见的有：动词错误；名词错误；连词错误；冠词错误；形容词和副词错误；代词错误；非谓语动词常见错误；介词错误；习惯用法错误以及逻辑上的错误等。矚慫润厲钐瘗睞枥庑赖。 1. 动词的常见错误 ①一般现在时与一般过去时错用； ② and前后动词时态不一致； ③主谓不一致； ④缺少动词，特别是be动词； ⑤第三人称单数形式错用； ⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。 They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.聞創沟燴鐺險爱氇谴净。 【答案】did改为do As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. 残骛楼諍锩瀨濟溆塹籟。 【答案】visiting改为visited 【思路分析】 通读全句可知，句子的整个时态为一般过去时，有三个并列的谓语动词，分别为fed，visiting和told。很明显，并列连词and前后的动词时态应该保持一致，所以应该把visiting改为visited。酽锕极額閉镇桧猪訣锥。 One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.彈贸摄尔霁毙攬砖卤庑。

高中英语短文改错答题技巧总结

高中英语短文改错答题 技巧总结 Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】

高中英语短文改错技巧总结 短文改错口诀： 动词形，名词数; 注意形和副; 非谓动词细辨别; 习惯用法要记住; 句子成分多分析; 逻辑错误须关注。 一. 动词形 主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如： My favorite sport are football. (is) Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. (are) 上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。 二. 名词数 指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如： …so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subjects) 三. 区分形和副 及区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如： I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (wonderful) Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunately)

需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。 四. 非谓动词细辨别 这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误，也包括不定式类错误。例如： …in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (interested) Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also … (playing) My parents love me… and will do all they can ∧make sure… (to) 上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的，现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。 五. 习惯用法要记住 主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如： It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and… (of) We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves. (of) 六. 句子成分多分析 不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。例如： They ∧eager to know everything about China and… (were) I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (which) 第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是受害于习惯的影响而导致的错误;第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副词，不能作主语。 七. 逻辑错误须关注 与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。例如：