医学专业英语1-4单元术语解释、短语和课后习题答案
Chapter 1
Human Body as a Whole
Medical Terminology
Learn the following combining forms, prefixes and suffixes
and write the meaning of the medical term in the space provided.
1. a hormone secreted from the adrenal gland
2. inflammation of the adrenal gland
3. pertaining to medicine
4. pertaining to biology
5. pertaining to chemistry
6. pertaining to the blood vessel
7. pertaining to cells
8. pertaining to molecules
9. pertaining to the medicine of the living thing
10. the study of the living thing
11. pertaining to the physics of the living thing
12. the study of the heart
13. the disease of the heart
14. the record of the heart waves
15. the study of the human inner secretion from glands
16. pertaining to the production of hormone
17. the study of inner gland secretion
18. the red blood cell
19. the white blood cell
20. the lymph cell
21. the study of cell
22. the study of chemistry of cell
23. the study of biology of cell
25. the tumor of the embryo
26. the study of the disease of the embryo
27. the study of the human inner secretion from glands
28. pertaining to the inside of the heart
29. pertaining to the inside of the cell
30. above the skin
31. above the skin
32. inflammation of the skin
33. red blood cells
34. instrument of measuring red blood cells
35. to breathe out the waste gas
36. to drive somebody or something out
37. to spread outside
38. sth that produces diseases
39. the study of blood
40. blood cells
41. the study of tissues
42. the study of tissue pathology
43. therapy treatment, hence tissue treatment
44. pertaining to the base
45. pertaining to the toxin
46. pertaining to symptoms
47. the study of body’s auto protection from diseases
48. protected from
49. deficiency in the immune system of the body
50. substance from the adrenal gland
51. water from it
52. the study of societies
53. the study of urinary system
55. lymph cells
56. tumor of the lymphatic system
57. the study of the lymphatic system
58. the study of physical growth
59. a doctor of internal medicine
60. treatment by physiological methods
61. the new growth ,tumor
62. the study of mind
63. abnormal condition of the mind
64. the study of the relationship between psychology and biology
65. a condition of over activity of the thyroid gland
66. the condition of under activity of the thyroid gland
67. the inflammation of the thyroid gland
68.cutting apart the human body as a branch of medical sciences
69. cut open the bone
70.to cut the heart open
71. pertaining to the blood vessel
72. inflammation of the blood vessel
73. pertaining to the lymphatic system and the blood vessel
Key to the Exercises B.
1.（embryo）embryology
2.(process/condition) mechanism
3.(heart) cardiovascular
4.(color) chromatin
5.(secretion) endocrinology
6.(cell) cytology
7.(sth. that produces or is produced) pathogen
8.(lymph) lymphatic
9.(the study of) psychology
10.(pertaining to) regular
Language Points:
put together组成known as 叫做joints between bones关节
to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body牵动骨骼肌引起各种运动hip joint髋关节flexible有韧性的cushioning缓冲replaced by bone 骨化
one bone moves in relation to the other两骨彼此靠近产生运动contents物质nourishment营养物质function发挥功能
waste products废物accumulate积聚
poison the body危害生命distributes运送
needed materials有用的物质unneeded ones废物
is made up of包括protect…against foreign invaders防止外来侵袭（See! Power Point）identical对等的receives吸收
traveled through流经forced out压送
reenter流入directly直接地
channels 管道filters过滤
larynx喉管trachea气管
two lungs左右肺very large number of 大量的
air spaces肺泡release释放出
extending 延伸到broken down分解
absorbed into吸收进chewing咀嚼esophagus食管
Key to the Section B Passage 1 Exercises B.
1. (The skeletal system consists of bones, joints and soft bones.)
2. (Heart is generated when muscles are contracted, which helps keep the body
temperature constant.)
3. (The circulation of blood carries useful materials to all body cells while removing waste
ones.)
4. (Oxygen is inhaled and carbon dioxide is exhaled in the process of respiration.)
5. (The digestion of food involves both mechanical and chemical procedures.)
6. (The urinary system keeps normal levels of water and of certain chemicals in the body.)
7. (The pituitary is a major gland located under the brain in the middle of the head.)
8. (The brain collects and processes information and then sends instructions to all parts of
the body to be carried out.)
9. (The main function of the male reproductive system is to generate, transport and keep
active male sex cells.)
10. (The largest of the body’s organs, the skin protects the inner structure of the body with a
complete layer.)
Key to the Section A Passage 1 Exercises E.
1.cardiovascular diseases
2. function of the pituitary
3. the urinary tract
4. molecules
5. artery
6. endocrinology
7. dyspnea / difficulty in respiration 8. saliva
9. histology 10. blood circulation
11. hematology 12. physiology
13. anatomy 14. the female reproductive
15. nervous cells 16. immunology
17. indigestion / poor in digestion 18. voluntary muscle
19. embryology 20. psychology
Section B, Passage 2 Cells and Tissues
Language Points
Organized组（构）成arranged in to构成in turn are grouped into又进一步组成serves its specific有特定的bear in mind记住result from源于billions亿万determind确立fit on合在一起by contrast相比之下machinary机构
while normally在正常情况下function with great efficiency高效地发挥作用
are subject to易于发生result in导致millionth百万分之一
equal等于average一般 a speck barely visible基本上看不见的一个小点The science that deals with cells on the smalleststructural and functional level is called molecular biology.从最小的结构及功能水平研究细胞的科学叫分子生物学。living jelly生命胶囊encloses 覆盖is done完成external以外的semipermeable半透性的phospholipid磷脂（膜）intact完整distribute 分布diffusion扩散dissolved分解pinocytosis胞饮作用breaks loose分裂出来drifts into进入varies from---to在---范围内变化depending on取决于vanish消失stiffening增强剂glucose葡萄糖run through交织twists through交织穿过
stacks堆appear to看来play a part in对---起作用hereditary traits细胞特性strands条串too thinly strung过于稀疏spherical structure球体状cavities孔穴coordinates协调
Key to the Exercises B
1. cytology
2. protoplasm
3.cell membrane
4. cell nucleus
5. cytoplasm
6. deoxyribonucleic acid
7. semipermeable 8. molecular biology 9. carbodydrate
10. differentially 11. to keep …. intact
12. on the evidence of …13.hereditary trait 14. diffusion
15. transaction 16. blueprint 17. chromosome
18. pigment 19. to excrete waste liquid 20. to disperse
21. impulse 22. ribonucleic acid
Key to the Exercises C
1.细胞质的各处以及沿着胞浆网有数量很多的核糖体。
2. 位于细胞上的叫做“小穴”的小室收集化学信号，并把它们传送到细胞。
3. 研究细胞的科学家已经确立：一个细胞可能有一个网球那么大，也可能成千上万
个细胞合在一起才有针尖那么大。
4. 对于那些单细胞的有机体而言，这种液体是题细胞以外的水，即海洋、湖泊或小
溪；但对于多细胞的生物而言，这种媒介就是生物体的一部分——对于植物来讲
是它的汁液，对于动物来讲是它的血液。
Chapter 2 Diseases and Disorders
Medical Terminology
Learn the following combining forms, prefixes and suffixes and write the meaning of the medical term in the space provided.
1. without symptoms
2. lack of blood
3. pertaining to the condition of lacking shape
4. cutting apart the body as a branch of medical sciences
5. examination through separation, taking things apart
6. a specialist whose work is to carry out analysis
7. the x-ray photo of the blood vessel
8. surgical repaie of the vessel
9. inflammation of the blood vessel
10. destroys or weakens bacteria or neutralizes the poison they produce
11. stimulates the production of antibodies
12. destroys or inhibits the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria
13. sth to do with the lungs
14. pertaining to the urinary tract
15. pertaining to heredity
16.not enough; lack
17. no longer generate, produce, go down
18. ribonucleic acid without oxygen
19. the complete knowledge about a patient
20. complete separation of waste matter from …
21. a cross measurement of a round surface
22. the machine which records the heart electric waves
23. the record of the muscle electric wave
24. the record of electric wave of the brain
25. within a particular group of people
26. to close in
27. to swallow in
28. complete knowledge of a patient
29. the state of knowing sth before it actually occurs
30. record of electric wave of the heart
31. an x-ray photo of the blood vessel
32. an x-ray photo of the muscle（spinal cord）
33.the machine which records the heart electric waves
34. the instrument which measures the time
35. the instrument which measures the breath
36. the process of taking X-ray photograph
37. the process of using ultra sound to detect the abnormality of the body
38. inflammation of the liver
39. the cell of the liver
40. pertaining to the liver and stomach
41. inflammation of the colon
42. inflammation of the stomach
43. inflammation of the intestine
44. the process of taking x-ray photos of the breasts
45. x-ray photos of the breasts
46. surgical reconstruction of the breasts
47. the instrument for measuring amount of air breathed into the lungs
48. the instrument for measuring temperatures
49. the instrument for measuring pressure
50. the abnormal condition of hardening
51. abnormal mind condition
52. pertaining to infection
53. pertaining to the nerve
54. pertaining to the mucus
55. the study of diseases
56. the instrument to record diseases
57. germs that produce diseases
58. a tape of cell of the body defense system destroys invaders
59. the study of how the cell of the body defense system destroys invaders
60. surgical repair of the blood vessel
61. surgical repair of the bone
62. surgical repair of the muscle
63. status of a woman before her labor
64. to make statement about the future event
65. before it is mature
66. pertaining to the lungs
67. the study of the lungs
68. inflammation of the lungs
69. the science which deals with x ray or radioactive substances
70. pertaining to radioactivity
71. the instrument to examine the heart and lungs by listening
72. the instrument that can make bacteria and virus look larger enough to be examined
73. the instrument which is used to examine the bladder
74. the instrument for measuring the amount of air breathed into the lungs
75. breathing 76. having to do with the spirometer
77. the instrument to examine the heart and lungs by listening
78. the chest pain
79. to measure the circumference of the chest
80. treatment of diseases by medicine (chemistry)
81. treatment of diseases by x ray or radioactive agents
82. treatment of diseases by physical means
83. the study of urinary system
84. the instrument which measures sugar in the urine
85. to do with the reproductive organ and the urinary tract
Key to the Section A Exercise B
1. the colon colitis
2. the stomach gastritis
3. the intestine enteritis
4. the lungs pumonitis
5. the breast mammitis
6. the thyroid thyroiditis
7. the lymph vessel lymphangitis 8. the blood vessel vasculitis
9. the adrenal gland adrenalitis 10. the blood vessel angitis
Section B Readings
Passage One Human Diseases
Language Points:
brief survey 概论glimpse 印象fundamentals 基础、原理
the picture is not complete 这一概论就不完整
the modern approach to the study of disorder 现代对疾病的研究方法
aspect方面defined as a condition 被定义为一种状态
succumb to 受制于in turn 反过来说detect 觉察
swollen blood vessel 血管扩张strikes 侵袭community 社区
runs a short course 病程短often hits without warning 常常发作没有前兆gradual onset 发病慢ailment （精神）病causative agents 病愿体
airborne droplets 空气小粒sneeze 打喷嚏produce 导致
a disease-producing organism 一个致病的有机体disturbances紊乱
poorly operating nervous system 神经系统工作不良provoked 引发
drug addiction 吸毒成性Furthermore 而且gene patterns 基因
improperly operating 工作状态不良Genetic disorders 基因失调
inborn errors of metabolism 先天性代谢失调
mental retardation 智力发育迟缓places to breed 繁衍的世界
broadly 广义地ward off 阻止sexual contact 性接触cholera 霍乱typhoid fever 伤寒热tainted 腐烂的barriers 屏障
offer considerable resistance 在很大程度上抵抗In minor cases在较轻的病例中lined with mucus-secreting cells 覆盖满了能分泌黏液的细胞trap 捕捉
dust particles 尘粒wave like a field of wheat 象麦田里的小麦一样舞动
foreign matter 异物potential 潜在的thrive 蓬勃繁殖
assumes higher 达到高烧Wax 蜡flock to 群集在
try to localize the infection 使感染局部化pus-filled abscesses 脓块
Unless 如果不drain 排除blocked 挡住tender 松柔的
brought 感染上传traces 侵袭long-lasting 长期的range 包括
are a class of 一种被称为sites 部位link with 相连hook up 粘和
out of action 失去作用by inactivating 失去活性
key portion of the harmful substance 关键有害部分butter the surface 表面涂上一些奶油
make them tastier to phagocytes 让吞噬细胞更喜欢吞噬它们
intermediate 中间体actually destroy 实施消灭fixes 会有一个
eat through 咬穿burst 暴开several kinds 若干
the most plentiful and versatile 数量最多用途最多next most plentiful 数量次多adapted to 适合at the first signs of 一有。。出现against the infection 对付传染病involved 涉及triggered by 触发to multiply 准备繁殖
are not the best qualified to fight a wide range of antigens不是对付广普抗原的最好选择concentrates 集中sticks well to 粘连switched off 停止
example of negative feedback control 消极反馈控制的例子
Key to the Exercise E
1.（每一个抗体由一条化学亚单位（即氨基酸）的重链和一条轻链所构成。这条轻链上
有特别的部位，氨基酸能使其补体和抗原子相连。）
2.（某些情况下，通过调理素作用的过程，抗体在抗原表面涂抹上一些“奶油”，让
吞噬细胞更喜欢吞噬它们。）
3.（在另一些情况下，抗体和一个细菌抗原合上以后，却需要一个中间体，或补体来实
施对该细胞的消灭。于是，当抗体和抗原的结合体随血液循环时，该结合体有一个补体附体。）
4.（在第一天左右，血液中没有发现对付传染病的抗体。但是，这只是因为涉及抗体制
造的基本细胞已被当前的抗原存在所触发而准备开始繁殖。）
Key to the Section B Passage 1 Exercise F
1.to impair proper function
2.to contaminate environment
3. malfunction
4. causative agent
5. vulnerable groups
6. localized infection
7. venereal disease 8. antigen and antibody
Section B, Passage 2 Diagnosis and Prognosis
Language Points：clinical encounters就诊过程
set the stage for making a diagnosis触使医生作出一个诊断
diagnosis is accomplished with一个完整的诊断由病人的。。。而组成
standard标准preferably quoting the patient最好引用患者的自述
stating the purpose of the visit陈述就诊的目的
the duration of the complaint 病痛持续的时间
the patient states a request instead of a complaint也可将患者的要求作为主诉
Other physicians involved in the patient’s care患者的其他保健医生how much轻重程度What makes the symptom better or worse, past medical care 症状的好转或加重的影响因素to narrow diagnostic possibilities缩小诊断范围drug habits有无药物成瘾
available to the patient患者可获得Review回顾Prognosis预后encounter 遇到get recovered 痊愈
to stay well病情好转the forecast of the probable results对病情可能的发展作出预测discuss探讨to expect from the clinical course of the condition在治疗过程中所期盼的
resolve痊愈reassurance is often all that is needed安慰就行了
a given patient特定的病人be determined primarily主要取决于
aware of his/her willingness to discuss the prognosis意识到讨论预后与否取决于病人的愿意
best conducted at follow- up visits最好在随访中进行the two双方The best最高明的
blend….together交融在一起
through the complicated steps of shock, denial, depression, and acceptance of fatal illness度
过身患致命疾病的震惊，否认，抑郁，和接受现实的复杂阶段abandon the patient 扔下病人不管
Key to the Exercise B
1.(These question will set the doctor working towards a diagnosis, i. e. determine the cause of an illness.)
2. (Therefore, it is essential for the doctor to tell the patient what disease he is suffering and offer to discuss with the patient about the prognosis.)
3.(If the patient is to recover without any bad physical consequence, all the physician needs to do is to take him feel that he will be well soon.)
4.(Although most patients want to know whatever happens to them, a doctor should know whether to tell them the truth depends not on him but on patients.)
5.(A doctor’s duty is to make his patient realize whether to discuss the prognosis is up to the patient to decide.)
6.(What a best doctor can do is to tell the patient the truth together with self-confidence and help him through the most difficult steps of shock, denial, depression and acceptance of the fact.)
Key to the Exercise D
1. electromyogram
2. nuclear magnetic resonance
3. multiple scletosis
4. glucose-tolerance test
5. electrocardiograph
6. optimistic prognosis
7. sequelae of disease 8. ultrasonography
9. fiber optic technology 10. medical history
11. hematopoietic system 12. follow –up activity
13. fatal illnesses 14. nutritional deficiency
15. body fluids 16. to highlight details
17. hazard-free treatment 18. electroencephalogram
19. non-invasive test 20. blood-starved tissue
Chapter 3 Muscular System
Section A Medical Terminology
Learn the following combining forms, prefixes and suffixes and write the meaning of the medical term in the space provided.
1.pertaining to an artery
2.inflammation of an artery
3.study of arteries
4.the muscle of two heads in the front of the upper arm
5.both hands
6.to two sides
7.pertaining to the cerebral cortex and spinal cord
8.inflammation of the outer parts of the pleura
9.pertaining to a cortex
10.inflammation of the skin
11.of skin and muscle
12.the science of the skin and its diseases
13.disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism
14.painful or difficult urination
15.imperfect or painful digestion
16.surgical removal of the thymus gland
17.surgical excision of the stomach
18.surgical removal of a part of an artery
19.deficiency of blood supply
20.unrestrained growth of leukocyte and their precusors in the tissues
21.the number of circulating red blood cell
22.pertaining to the outside of the eye or vision
23.in the blood
24.a mature, fiber-forming cell
25.pertaining to reproduction
26.reproducing; generation
27.an act of forming a new organism
28.high blood pressure
29.increase in size of an organ or structure
30.deficiency of suger in the blood
31.having a body temperature below normal
32.low blood pressure
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a92057468.html,ck of necessary or proper blood substances in the body
34.abnormal shape or structure
35.defective function
36.the science of structure and form without regard to function
37.forms of organisms
38.without definite form
39.having more than two nuclei
40.having more than two cells
41.having more than two molecules
42.any disease of striated muscles
43.death of muscle tissue
44.the muscle layer of the heart
45.any one of the various branches of science concerned with growth, development and
function of the nervous system
46.any disease of the nerve
47.inflammation of a nerve
48.pertaining to the eye or vision
49.a physician who is a specialist in diseases of the eye
50.tumor of the thymoma
51.a tumor containing muscle tissue
52.a fibrous tissue tumor
53.device for measuring the pelvis
54.inspection of the pelvis
55.loose pelvis organs
56.pertaining to surrounding
57.enclosing the heart
58.inflammation of the spinal cord
59.the gray matter of the spinal cord
60.connective tissue such as muscle or bone
61.resembling flesh
62.pertaining to tendon
63.inflammation of a tendon
64.a tumor originating in epithelial tissue of the thymus gland
65.a cell in the thymus gland
66.surgical removal of the thymus gland
67.dealing with a region of the body
68.an anatomist dealing with a body region
69.a poisonous substance
70.the study of toxic substance
71.diseases caused by toxin
72.of three heads in the back of the upper arm
73.a cycle with three wheels
74.sending from one(person) to another
75.changing from one form to another
76.size or wasting away of part of an organ or tissue
77.disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism
78.concerned with nourishment
Key to the Exercises A
1. artery arterial
2. shape; form morphology
3. eye ocular
4. poison toxin
5. flesh sarcoplasm
6. muscle myopathy
7. blood condition ischemia
8. nourishment dystrophy
9. two biceps
10. surgical excision of thymectomy
Section B Readings
Passage One Muscles
Language Points:
Tough坚韧throwing投掷in the jaw to chew腭部
groups类help hold…together把….组合在一起
make up a large part占有很大比例
vary greatly in size大小差异很大
depending on the type of job they do根据作用之不同
fairly相对的thigh大腿stands erect直立
rigid挺直stays stiff保持强直
act both ways能同时作两动作work in pairs成对运动
bends a joint令关节弯曲does the opposite做相反的动作
the front of the upper arm上前臂
pull it back to its original length把它恢复到原位
flesh belly肌腹firmer更结实
voluntary muscles随意肌
under the control of our willpower接受主观意愿的驱使
passes over跨过firmly牢固地
produces movement at the joint使关节运动pulling on拉动attachment附着点attached end附着点
advantages优点
fleshy throughout their length全是肌腹thick粗resistant to the rubbing or friction between the tendon and the moving bones of the joint 对关节处活动的骨头有很强的抗磨能力
characteristic cross striations of the muscle fibers when viewed under a microscope显微镜下肌肉组织所呈现的横状条纹特色arrangement排列arranged in bundles成束排列
A transverse section through a striated muscle shows在横纹肌的横截面上可见
surrounded by fibrous connective tissue被肌纤维结缔组织包绕alimentary canal消化道的内壁found as表现为
viewed from microscope在显微镜下
our willpower主观意志branched交叉组合originated开始
electrical impulse电脉冲conducting传导
capable of controlling控制order of contractions收缩的节奏at birth出生时size体积is due to是因为
separate…with分支出going to分配到
the nerve supply to muscle支配某块肌肉的神经is said称为increasing the flow of blood to血液加速流向肌肉
applied to limb在肢体扎上
through such a cutoff of the blood supply在完全切断供血的情况下
Key to the Passage 1 Exercise E
1.muscle fiber
2.voluntary muscle
3. alimentary canal
4. belly
5.striated muscle
6. hypertrophy of muscles
7. muscle contraction 8. attachment of the muscle
9.muscle relaxation 10.arterial bleeding
11.insertion 12. origin
13. blood supply 14.flexor
15.protein molecule 16. fibrous connective tissue
17. extensor 18.willpower
19.transverse section 20. pacemaker
医学专业英语第一分册第四章Chapter 4
Skeletal System
Medical Terminology
1.inflammation of the joint
2.pain in a joint
3.the study of joints
4.pertaining to joints
5. a joint
6.to join together as a joint
7. a cell concerned with the formation of bone
8.any form of nucleated red corpuscles
9. a cell that give rise to a lymphocyte
10.there is increased calcium in the blood
11.calcium deficiency in body tissues and fluids
12.containing calcium
13.pertaining to the carpus or wrist
14.excision of the carpus or partion of it
15.both wrist and foot
16.a cell that forms cartilage
17.pain in or about cartilage
18.inflammation of cartilage
19.pertaining to a rib and its cartilage
20.cutting through a rib or cartilage
21.surgical excision of a rib
22.pertaining to the cranium
23.examination of the skull
24.pertaining to an epiphysis
25.pertaining to a metaphysis
26.pertaining to esophagus
27. a female
28.the study of the cause of disease
29.pertaining to the cause or causes of disease
30.pertaining to the femur
31.femoral hernia
32.the femur and tibia
33.inflammation of the stomach
34.surgical removal of a part or the whole of the stomach
35.pertaining to the stomach
36.membraneous, pertaining to the inside of membrane
37.within the stomach
38.within the eyeball
39.resembling bone marrow
40.a tumor
41.bone marrow or the spinal cord
42.a new and abnormal formation of tissue, as a tumor or growth
43.a newly-found disease
44.a newborn infant
45.resembling bone
46.resembling sesame
47.resembling a cyst
48.hormone
49.a specialist in orthopedics
50.the formation of bone substance
51.pain in a bone
52.side by side with another
53.at the side of the thyroid
54.the parathyroid glands
55.fingers and toes
56.inflammation of one or more phalanges
57.surgical excision of one or more fingers and toes
医学专业英语试题
医学专业英语 I. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D (40points) 1. Which of the following suffixes does not mean “pertaining to”? A. -ic B. -al C. -ar D. -our 2. Which of the following combining forms means cell? A. -cyte B. cyt/o C. cel/o D. both a and b 3. Which of the following forms means tissue? A. erythr/o B. immun/o C.hist/o D. vascul/o 4. A- means ______. A. up B. down C. apart D. without 5. The suffix -itis means _______ . A. infammation B.inflammation C.inflammazed D. instrument 6. The combining form of radi/o means _________. A. radar B. x-ray C. radio D. both B and C 7. The instrument for viewing is –scope whereas the instrument for cutti ng is_____. A. –scopy B. –tome C. –meter D. –graph 8. Which of the following forms refers to “surgical incision of ?” A. –tomy B. -stomy C. –tome D. –ectomy 9. A record of electric wave occurring in the brain is called _______. A. electroencephogram B. electromyogram C. electrocardiogram D. ele ctroencephalogram 10. Stethalgia means the pain of chest, which can also be expressed in ____. A. stethodynia B. thoracalgia C. thoracodynia D. all of the above 11. Which of the following forms means fungus? A. my/o B. myel/o C. myc/o D. none of the above 12. The combining form meaning “the skin”is _______. A. dem/o B. derm/o C. dermat/o D. both B and C 13. Which of the following combining forms means blood vessels ? A. vascul/o B. angi/o C. chromat/o D. Both A and B 14. The term meaning “pertaining to secretion”is _______ . A. crinogenic B. endocrine C. crinologic D. endocardial 15. The disease of having too many white blood cells is referred to as _______.
(完整版)医学专业英语翻译及答案
Chapter 1 Passage 1 Human Body In this passage you will learn: 1. Classification of organ systems 2. Structure and function of each organ system 3. Associated medical terms To understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc. 了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。 Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article. 解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。本文描绘并阐述了各系统的主要部分。 The skeletal system is made of bones, joints between bones, and cartilage. Its function is to provide support and protection for the soft tissues and the organs of the body and to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body. There are 206 bones in the human skeleton. They have various shapes - long, short, cube - shaped, flat, and irregular. Many of the long bones have an interior space that is filled with bone marrow, where blood cells are made. 骨骼系统由骨、关节以及软骨组成。它对软组织及人体器官起到支持和保护作用，并牵动骨胳肌，引起各种运动。人体有206根骨头。骨形态不一，有长的、短、立方的、扁的及不规则的。许多长骨里有一个内层间隙，里面充填着骨髓，这即是血细胞的制造场所。 A joint is where bones are joined together. The connection can be so close that no movement is possible, as is the case in the skull. Other kinds of joints permit movement: either back and forth in one plane - as with the hinge joint of the elbow - or movement around a single axis - as with the pivot joint that permits the head to rotate. A wide range of movement is possible when the ball - shaped end of one bone fits into a socket at the end of another bone, as they do in the shoulder and hip joints. 关节把骨与骨连接起来。颅骨不能运动，是由于骨与骨之间的连接太紧密。但其它的关节可允许活动，如一个平面上的前后屈伸运动，如肘关节；或是绕轴心旋转运动，如枢轴点允许头部转动。如果一根骨的球形末端插入另一根骨的臼槽里，大辐度的运动（如肩关节、髋关节）即成为可能。 Cartilage is a more flexible material than bone. It serves as a protective, cushioning layer where bones come together. It also connects the ribs to the breastbone and provides a structural base for the nose and the external ear. An infant's skeleton is made of cartilage that is gradually replaced by bone as the infant grows into an adult. 软骨是一种比一般骨更具韧性的物质。它是骨连结的保护、缓冲层。它把肋骨与胸骨连结起来，也是鼻腔与内耳的结构基础。一个婴儿的骨骼就是由软骨组成，然后不断生长、
21世纪大学公共医学英语上册课文翻译
课文翻译： Unit One Text A 如何成为一名医生 人们往往自幼就认识到将来想做一名医生，可能他们天生就擅长数学和科学，也许他们想帮助别人并在人们的生活中有所影响，或许他们就是想做一份充满挑战的工作，所有这些都是从事医疗事业的很好的理由。然而，任何想做医生的人，都必须明白实现这一目标需要付出的努力。 成医之路是漫长而艰辛的。事实上，医生比几乎其他任何类型的专业人员都要接受更多的教育和培训。成为一名医生至少需要11年，专业性更强的医学领域需要更长时间。然而，多数医生热爱他们的工作，并且相信多年的努力是值得的。 最初四年 有志成为医生的学生，首先需要完成四年大学学习并获得学士学位，许多学生主修“医学预科”。医学预科课程中涉及大量的科学和数学。医学预科生学习物理、化学、生物等学科，以及其他高级数学和科学课程。在此期间，学生经常志愿在医院、诊所和医生的诊室兼职，这样，他们就能够获得知识并积累经验。 医学预科生在大学三年级或四年级时，可以向医学院校提出申请。美国有将近150所医学院校，报考这些院校竞争激烈。学生必须在医学院入学考试中取得高分，必须写一篇文章来说明从事医生行业的原因。许多医学院校要求推荐信，而且，学生在大学期间的学习成绩也是极其重要的考虑因素。医学生的平均成绩几乎总是高达3.5分或更高。 深入学习 一旦被医学院校录取，学生们前两年就要进行所谓的“繁重的书本学习”，上解剖课、生化课以及生理课，学习病理学、医学伦理学以及医学原理，了解人体以及人体的运行原理，弄清楚疾病以及人体免疫系统如何抗击疾病，还要学习药物科学，即药理学。 大学二年级，学生们开始学习基本的医学操作，包括如何诊察病人、如何采集病史以及如何诊断一些疾病。 临床见习 医学院校三年级时，学生开始进行临床轮转，这就意味着他们要与医生和其他医疗专业人员一起工作，观察并帮助内科医生、外科医生、儿科医生以及放射科医生、神经科医生、家庭医生和急诊医生。这使学生们有机会体验大量的医学专业，也使他们接触许多不同的病人。在了解不同医学领域的同时，大多数学生会最终决定他们最喜欢的领域。 儿科医生希瑟·巴罗斯说临床轮转是一个绝妙的机会，可以使学生认识到做一名医生的真实情况。她最难忘的一次经历是发生在医学院校大学三年级时，那时她正在妇产科轮转。当时是半夜，一位女性即将生产。巴罗斯医生这样描述当时的情景：“数小时的工作已经让我筋疲力尽，接下来还要助产，我只想让这一切早点结束，就可以去睡觉了。不过，这时孩子出生了……，这是我所见过的最令人惊奇的事情。突然，我彻底清醒了，我很激动我身在其中帮助这一奇迹发生。” Unit Two Text A 你可以健康幸福 —简·E·布罗迪世人皆知良好健康的重要性。没有健康，获取成功和享受生活的能力就会大打折扣。99%的人生来健康，但却很少有人寿终正寝。与大众广为传播的观点相反，我们并不一定要死于某种疾病。大多数都可以在不受慢性疾病或伤残的折磨下过完一生。同目前相比，更多的人可以不因疾病而亡，而是寿终正寝。
常用骨科医学专业英语词汇
常用骨科医学专业英语词汇 骨科ORTHOPEDICS 1、概论INTRODUCTION *fracture n.骨折 pathological fracture 病理骨折 fatigue fracture 疲劳骨折 *open fracture 开放骨折 close fracture 闭合骨折 *comminuted fracture粉碎性骨折 compressed fracture 压缩骨折 shock n.休克 *deformity n.畸形 tenderness n.压痛 swelling n.肿胀 ecchymosis n.瘀斑 obstacle n.功能障碍 *bonefascial compartment syndrome 骨筋膜室综合征infection n.感染 spinal cord injury 脊髓损伤 surrounding nerve 周围神经 *fat embolism 脂肪栓塞 bedsore n.褥疮
arthroclisis n.关节僵硬 ischemic necrosis 缺血性坏死 ischemic contraction 缺血性挛缩 *traumatic arthritis 创伤性关节炎 hematoma n.血肿 *callus n.骨痂 heal n.愈合 *synovitis n.滑膜炎 *ligament n.韧带 *tendon n.肌腱 * pyogenic osteomyelitis 化脓性骨髓炎 *reduction n.复位 *bone traction 骨牵引 *osteoporosis n.骨质疏松 2、上肢骨折FRACTURE OF UPPER EXTREMITIES clavicle n.锁骨 *humerus n.肱骨 *rotation n.旋转 supracondyle n.髁上 blister n.水疱 pulsate n.搏动 thrombus n.血栓
医学英语考试试题
13级本科?英语应用基础?考试题 一、Translate the following words into Chinese 1.营养 2.蛋白质 3.淀粉 4.维生素 5.开处方 6.硝酸盐 7.青霉素 8.口渴 9.糖尿病 10.新陈代谢 11.呕吐 12.病毒 13.腹胀 14.肥胖 15.儿科 16.垂体 17.压力 18.关节炎 19.溃疡
20.瘤 二、Reading comprehension Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches. Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century. During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it. At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea. Until then tea had been drunk without milk
医学专业英语教学内容
cardiovascular diseases; 脑垂体的功能the function of pituitary; 泌尿道urinary tract; 分子molecule; 动脉artery; 内分泌学endocrinology; 呼吸困难dyspnea; 唾液saliva; 组织学histology; 血液循环blood circulation; 血液学hematology; 生理学physiology; 解剖学anatomy; 女性生殖系统femal reproductive system; 神经细胞nerve cell; 免疫学immunology; 消化不良dyspepsia; 随意肌voluntary muscle; 胚胎学embryology; 心理学psychology; 细胞学cytology; 原生质protoplasm; 细胞膜cell membrane; 细胞核nucleus; 细胞质(浆)cytoplasm; 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid; 能半渗透的semipermeable; 分子生物学molecular biology; 碳水化合物carbohydrate; 有区别性的differentially; 使…完整intact; 根据according to; 遗传特性hereditary trait; 渗滤diffusion; 转换transaction; 蓝图blueprint; 染色体chromosome; 色素pigment; 排出废液excrete waste fluid; 散开disperse; 脉冲信号impulse; 核糖核酸ribonucleic acid; 损害正常功能impair the normal function; 污染环境pollute environment; 功能失调malfunction; 致病因子causative agents; 易受侵害的人群vulnerable groups; 局部化的感染localized infection; 花柳病venereal disease; 抗原与抗体antigen&antibody; 肌电图electromyogram; 多发性硬化multiple sclerosis; 心电图electrocardiograph; 疾病的后遗症sequelea of disease; 光纤技术fiber optic technology; 造血系统hematopoietic system; 致命的疾病fatal disease; 体液body fluid; 无副作用的治疗hazard-free treatment; 无侵犯的实验检查non-invasive laboratory test; 核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance; 葡萄糖耐糖实验the glucose-tolerance test; 乐观的预后optimistic prognosis; 超声波检测法ultrasonography; 病史medical history; 随访活动follow-up visit; 营养不良nutritional deficiency; 使细节显著highlight detail; 脑电图electroencephalogram; 缺血的组织blood-starved tissue; 肌纤维muscle fiber; 随意肌voluntary muscle; 消化道alimentary canal; 肌腹fleshy belly of muscle; 横纹肌striated muscle; 肌肉痉挛cramps of muscle; 肌肉收缩muscle contraction; 肌肉附着点attachment of the muscle; 肌肉放松relaxation of muscle; 动脉出血arterial hemorrhage; 止端insertion;起端origion;供血blood supply; 屈肌flexor; 蛋白分子protein molecule; 纤维结缔组织fibrous connective tissue; 伸肌extensor; 意志力willpower; 横切面transverse section; 起搏器pacemaker; 肌萎缩muscle atrophy; 重症肌无力myasthenia gravis; 弥散性局部缺血diffuse ischemia; 常染色体隐性autosomal recessive; 全身性感染systemic infection; 受累的肌肉muscle involved; 显著相关性significant correlation; 神经末梢nerve terminal; 自体免疫反应autoimmune reaction; 神经支配innervation; 肌营养不良muscular dystrophy; 慢性营养不良chronic mulnutrition; 先天性肌病congenital myopathy; 预期寿命life expectancy; 免疫紊乱immunologic derangemant; 发病高峰年龄the peak age of onset; 胸腺肿瘤thymoma; 呼吸肌受累the involvement of respiratory muscle; 感染性肌炎inflammatory myositic; 去神经支配denervation; 矿物质吸收mineral absorption; 机械应力mechanical stress; 骨基质有机部分the organic parts of bone matrix; 青春期早熟premature puberty; 蛋白溶解酶protein-digesting enzyme; 破骨细胞osteoclast; 松质骨spongy bone; 骨折fracture; 不规则骨irregular bone;
医学专业英语
汉译英心血管疾病cardiovascular diseases; 脑垂体的功能the function of pituitary; 泌尿道urinary tract; 分子molecule; 动脉artery; 内分泌学endocrinology; 呼吸困难dyspnea; 唾液saliva; 组织学histology; 血液循环blood circulation; 血液学hematology; 生理学physiology; 解剖学anatomy; 女性生殖系统femal reproductive system; 神经细胞nerve cell; 免疫学immunology; 消化不良dyspepsia; 随意肌voluntary muscle; 胚胎学embryology; 心理学psychology; 细胞学cytology; 原生质protoplasm; 细胞膜cell membrane; 细胞核nucleus; 细胞质（浆）cytoplasm; 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid; 能半渗透的semipermeable; 分子生物学molecular biology; 碳水化合物carbohydrate; 有区别性的differentially; 使…完整intact; 根据according to; 遗传特性hereditary trait; 渗滤diffusion; 转换transaction; 蓝图blueprint; 染色体chromosome; 色素pigment; 排出废液excrete waste fluid; 散开disperse; 脉冲信号impulse; 核糖核酸ribonucleic acid; 损害正常功能impair the normal function; 污染环境pollute environment; 功能失调malfunction; 致病因子causative agents; 易受侵害的人群vulnerable groups; 局部化的感染localized infection; 花柳病venereal disease; 抗原与抗体antigen&antibody; 肌电图electromyogram; 多发性硬化multiple sclerosis; 心电图electrocardiograph; 疾病的后遗症sequelea of disease; 光纤技术fiber optic technology; 造血系统hematopoietic system; 致命的疾病fatal disease; 体液body fluid; 无副作用的治疗hazard-free treatment; 无侵犯的实验检查non-invasive laboratory test; 核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance; 葡萄糖耐糖实验the glucose-tolerance test; 乐观的预后optimistic prognosis; 超声波检测法ultrasonography; 病史medical history; 随访活动follow-up visit; 营养不良nutritional deficiency; 使细节显著highlight detail; 脑电图electroencephalogram; 缺血的组织blood-starved tissue; 肌纤维muscle fiber; 随意肌voluntary muscle; 消化道alimentary canal; 肌腹fleshy belly of muscle; 横纹肌striated muscle; 肌肉痉挛cramps of muscle; 肌肉收缩muscle contraction; 肌肉附着点attachment of the muscle; 肌肉放松relaxation of muscle; 动脉出血arterial hemorrhage; 止端insertion;起端origion;供血blood supply; 屈肌flexor; 蛋白分子protein molecule; 纤维结缔组织fibrous connective tissue; 伸肌extensor; 意志力willpower; 横切面transverse section; 起搏器pacemaker; 肌萎缩muscle atrophy; 重症肌无力myasthenia gravis; 弥散性局部缺血diffuse ischemia; 常染色体隐性autosomal recessive; 全身性感染systemic infection; 受累的肌肉muscle involved; 显著相关性significant correlation; 神经末梢nerve terminal; 自体免疫反应autoimmune reaction; 神经支配innervation; 肌营养不良muscular dystrophy; 慢性营养不良chronic mulnutrition; 先天性肌病congenital myopathy; 预期寿命life expectancy; 免疫紊乱immunologic derangemant; 发病高峰年龄the peak age of onset; 胸腺肿瘤thymoma; 呼吸肌受累the involvement of respiratory muscle; 感染性肌炎inflammatory myositic; 去神经支配denervation; 矿物质吸收mineral absorption; 机械应力mechanical stress; 骨基质有机部分the organic parts of bone matrix; 青春期早熟premature puberty; 蛋白溶解酶protein-digesting enzyme; 破骨细胞osteoclast; 松质骨spongy bone; 骨折fracture; 不规则骨irregular bone; 骨骼系统skeletal system; 维生素吸收vitamin absorption; 骨钙丧失the loss of calcium from bone; 生长激素growth hormone;
医学专业英语试题
医学专业英语 I.Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D (40points) 1.Which of the following suffixes does not mean “pertaining to”? A. -ic B. -al C. -ar D. -our 2.Which of the following combining forms means cell? A. -cyte B. cyt/o C. cel/o D. both a and b 3.Which of the following forms means tissue? A. erythr/o B. immun/o C.hist/o D. vascul/o 4.A- means _____ . A. up B. down C. apart D. without 5.The suffix -itis means _____ . A. infammation B.inflammation C.inflammazed D. instrument 6.The combining form of radi/o means _________ . A. radar B. x-ray C. radio D. both B and C 7.The instrument for viewing is –scope whereas the instrument for cutting is ______ . A. –scopy B. –tome C. –meter D. –graph 8.Which of the following forms refers to “surgical incision o f ?” A. –tomy B. -stomy C. –tome D. –ectomy 9. A record of electric wave occurring in the brain is called _______ . A. electroencephogram B. electromyogram C. electrocardiogram D. electroencephalogram 10.Stethalgia means the pain of chest, which can also be expressed in ____ . A. stethodynia B. thoracalgia C. thoracodynia D. all of the above 11.Which of the following forms means fungus? A. my/o B. myel/o C. myc/o D. none of the above 12.The combining form meaning “the skin” is _______ . A. dem/o B. derm/o C. dermat/o D. both B and C 13.Which of the following combining forms means blood vessels ? A. vascul/o B. angi/o C. chromat/o D. Both A and B 14.The term meaning “pertaining to secretion” is _______ . A. crinogenic B. endocrine C. crinologic D. endocardial 15.The disease of having too many white blood cells is referred to as ________ . A. leukocyte B. leukemia C. leukogenesis D. erythrocyte 16.Inflammation of liver is known in English as ________ . A. bronchitis B. pneumonitis C. gastritis D. hepatitis 17.-plasm means ______ . A. treatment B. knowledge C. diagnosis D. growth 18.Mammo/o refers to ______ . A. mother B. thymus gland C. thyroid gland D. breast 19.Which of the following does not mean “within or in”? A. en- B. endo- C. intra- D. none of the above 20._____ means surgical repair of an organ. A. phag/o B. –plasm C. –plasty D. –pathy
医学专业英语 阅读一分册 第二章
Human Diseases The brief survey of the human body in Chapter One has given us a glimpse into two different studies that are considered the fundamentals of medical sciences, namely anatomy and physiology. However, the picture is not complete without considering pathology, the science that deals with the structural and functional changes produced by the disease. In fact, the modern approach to the study of disorder emphasizes the close relationship of the pathological and physiological aspects and the need to understand the fundamentals of each in treating any body diseases. 第一章中，通过对人体的概论，即解剖学与生理学，我们对两种被认为是医学基础的不同学科有了一个大致的印象。然而如果我们不考虑病理学，这门涉及由疾病带来的结构和功能变化的学科，上述的人体概论就不是完整的。实际上，现代对疾病的研究方法强调了病理学与生理学方面的密切关系，强调了我们在治疗任何人体疾病方面需要了解病理学与生理学基础的重要性。 Then what is a disease? It may be defined as a condition that impairs the proper function of the body or of one of its parts. Every living thing, both plants and animals, can succumb to disease. People, for example, are often infected by tiny bacteria, but bacteria, in turn, can be infected by even more minute viruses. 那么什么是疾病呢？它可能被定义为正常的功能或是部分功能遭受损害时的一种状态。每一种生物、植物和动物，都会受制于疾病。例如，人类常常被微小的细菌所感染，但是，反过来说，细菌又能够被甚至更加微小的病毒所感染。 Hundreds of different diseases exist. Each has its own particular set of symptoms and signs, clues that enable a physician to diagnose the problem. A symptom is something a patient can detect, such as fever, bleeding, or pain. A sign is something a doctor can detect, such as a swollen blood vessel or an enlarged internal body organ. 许多种疾病存在于世。每一种都有其特定的症状、征兆和线索，医生能以此诊断疾病之所在。症状是病人自己就能觉察到的，比如，高烧、流血，或是疼痛。而征兆则是医生能够观察到的，比如，血管扩张或是体内器官肿大。 Diseases can be classified differently. For instance, an epidemic disease is one that strikes many persons in a community. When it strikes the same region year after year it is an endemic disease. An acute disease has a quick onset and runs a short course. An acute heart attack, for example, often hits without warning and can be quickly fatal. A chronic disease has a slow onset and runs a sometimes years-long course. The gradual onset and long course of rheumatic fever makes it a chronic ailment. Between the acute and chronic, another type is called subacute. 疾病可以划分为不同的种类，例如，流行病是一种在某一社区内侵袭许多人的疾病。当它年复一年地袭击同一社区，就成了一种地方病。急性病发作快，但病程短，举个例子来说，急性心脏病发作常常没有前兆，而且会很快致命。慢性病发作则慢，但病程有时会长达几年之久。风湿热正是由于发病慢、病程长而成为一种慢性失调病（慢性病）。而介于急性与慢性之间的另一种类型，就被称为亚急性。 Diseases can also be classified by their causative agents. For instance, an infectious, or communicable, disease is the one that can be passed between persons such as by means of
医学专业英语课件.doc
Final Examination 一.Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D . 二.Find the best answer to the following abbreviations. 三.Find the best answer to the following translations. 四. Reading 1 五. Reading 2 I. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. 1. Which of the following suffixes does not mean“pertainingto ”? A. -ic B. -al C. -ar D. -our 2. Which of the following combining forms means cell? A. -cyte B. cyt/o C. cel/o D. both a and b 3. Which of the following forms means tissue? A. erythr/o B. immun/o C.hist/o D. vascul/o 4. A- means ______. A. up B. down C. apart D. without 5. The suffix -itis means _______ . A. infammation B.inflammation C.inflammazed D. instrument 6. The combining form of radi/o means _______. A. radar B. X-ray C. radio D. both B and C 7. The instrument for viewing is scope whereas the instrument for cutting is____. A. –scopy B.–tome C.–meter D.–graph 8. Which of the following forms refers to “surgicailncision of ?” A. –tomy B. -stomy C. –tome D.–ectomy 9. A record of electric wave occurring in the brain is called _______. A. electroencephogram B. electromyogram C. electrocardiogram D. electroencephalogram 10. Stethalgia means the pain of chest, which can also be expressed in ____. A. stethodynia B. thoracalgia C. thoracodynia D. all of the above 11. Which of the following forms means fungus? A. my/o B. myel/o C. myc/o D. none of the above 12. The combining form meaning“theskin ”is ____. A. dem/o B. derm/o C. dermat/o D. both B and C 13. Which of the following combining forms means blood vessels ? A. vascul/o B. angi/o C. chromat/o D. Both A and B 14. The term meaning“pertainingto secretion is”____ . A. crinogenic B. endocrine C. crinologic D. endocardial 15. The disease of having too many white blood cells is referred to as _______.