英美概况考试考点

英国总体介绍

1.构成英国的四个行政区以及各自的首府；英国的地理位置；首府；Pennines

2.气候和天气的主要特点

3.河流：Severn，Thames，Clyde

4.语言：官方语言和方言的种类

5.英国宗教的主要特点；英格兰国教（Anglican Church）的等级划分（简答）

6.英语发展的三个阶段，每个阶段的最典型特征

英国政府

1.构成（各个分支的构成）参看表格；三个分支的基本职能（简答）

2.英国的两大政党以及其党派的发展简史（简答）

3.英国法律的构成P37，

4.法庭的构成

5.两种律师barrister and solicitor (名词解释)

经济

1.《国家财富》的作者

2.经济结构的构成（公有成分和私有成分）

教育

1.教育的总体特点

2.中小学校分类

3.prep school, independent school, public school名词解释

4.高等院校分类；Open University（名词解释）

5.高等院校学位

英国历史

1.所受到的几次入侵，带来的主要影响（简答）

2.Henry II 建立了Plantagenet Dynasty; 其改革的主要内容

3.king John 和大宪章（The Great Charter）：了解其内容；大宪章（名词解释）；影响P93

4.下议院以及议会制度的开始起点，及其在位君主P95

5.英格兰吞并威尔士时间，在位君主

6.百年战争时间，战争起因，交战双方，战争结果以及影响P96

7.玫瑰战争的交战双方，战争的目的，结果和影响（简答）

8.Why is the Tudor Dynasty called new Monarchy? P102

9.Henry VIII – Reformation 的原因以及改革过程（why and how）（简答）

10.Bloody Mary （名词解释）P105

11.Renaissance 开始时间，国家，主要代表；在英国的主要代表人物P107

12.The Gunpowder Plot of 1605 (名词解释)P111

13.short parliament and long parliament (名词解释)P113

14.英国内战：交战双方，战争结果

15.Restoration，the Glorious Revolution (名词解释)P117

16.工业革命背景，影响（简答）P119，P123

17.宪章运动的性质，失败的原因，列宁的评价（简答）P125

18.英国对外扩张时期所侵略的国家P130

19.英国加入欧盟的时间P138

20.

总括：

1．美国的地理位置，50个州，首府，最大的城市

2．The Rockies, the barn of America

3．Mississippi River和两大源头河流; The Great Lakes （五大湖的名称，地理位置，所属国家）（名词解释）

美国人口

1.美国的主要人种构成以及各自的构成比例，

2.Melting Pot and Mosaic (名词解释)

美国政府和政治

1.政府机构构成表

2.federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances (名词解释)

3.三个分支的主要职能（简答）

4.两院的议员总数，任期，总统任期，法官的任期

5.竞选的四个阶段

6.司法机构的主要职责以及机构构成

7.两大政党，以及政党的发展史

8.checks and balances 在三个分支中如何体现出来的（简答）

美国经济

1．美国的经济制度-capitalism，market economy；什么是market economy（名词解释）2．促进美国经济发展的主要因素（简答）P204

3．美国经济所包含的三个因素

4．政府在经济中所起到的角色

美国历史

1.谁发现美洲新大陆；the new world and the old world

2.第一个和第二个殖民地是~, 建立的时间

3.独立战争以前，英国和殖民地之间的关系

4.七年之战的时间，战争结果

5.导致独立战争爆发的事件（简答）

6.第一次武装冲突

7.Boston Tea Party (名词解释)

8.Thomas Paine 主要著作

9.大陆会议召开的时间地点；独立宣言的起草人；独立日

10.制宪会议时间，地点，结果P287 宪法之父是~ P288

11.federalist and anti-federalist （名词解释）

12.the Bill of Rights (名词解释)

13.George Washington 的政绩（简答）

14.Jefferson purchased Louisiana from France

15.the second war with England 时间，直接影响（简答）P301

16.门罗主义的意义

17.Spoils system （名词解释）

18.内战的根本原因；影响（简答）

19.进步主义运动progressive movement (名词解释) Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson

P301

20.美国参加一战的原因

21.战后President Wilson 提出“fourteen points”, only “the league of nations” was adopted.

22.妇女选举权在1920年获得(宪法第19修正案) P 343

23.the Lost Generation 概念以及重要代表

24.The Great Depression 爆发的直接原因P347，President Roosevelt出台的新政策“New

Deal”，在此期间通过的法案（选择）

25.four freedoms （名词解释）P 350

26.美国参加二战的直接原因Japanese air-raid on Pearl Harbor in 1941

27.The lend-Lease bill （名词解释）P353

28.Marshall Plan and Truman Doctrine （名词解释）P358

29.Beat Generation 垮掉的一代（名词解释）

30.Civil rights movement （名词解释）P362 代表

31.counterculture （名词解释）P364

32.the Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and president Johnson P365

33.in 1973, the Nixon administration signed peace treaty with North Vietnam

34.Watergate Affair and Nixon

35.the star war and president Reagan

英美概况试卷

学院 专业班级 学 号 姓 名 教室 号 座位 号 . ———— 装 —————订 — ————线——————外——————不——————要——————答 — ———— 题 — ——— ( 第 1 页， 共6 页 ) 页 ) ( 第 2 页， 共 6 页 ) 湖南涉外经济学院2016-2017学年度第 一 学期期末课程 《英语国家概况》考察试卷 专业年级： 2014级商英本科 考核方式：闭卷 考试时量：90分钟 试卷类型： 题 号 一 合计 复核人 应得分 100 实得分 得分 评卷人 复核人 I.You are required to interpret the following terms.（10X5′） One Standard English Two Magna Carta Three The Reformation Four The Seperation of Three Powers Five Thatcherism Six Critical Realism Eight Thanksgiving Day Nine the Lost Generation Ten Industial Revolution II You are required to answer the following questions.(5X10) 1. How does the english language develops into a universal lingua franca? 2. What is the British Empire? 3. What do we know about the Renaissance? 4. Why is American regarded as a “nation of immigrants ”? 5. What is your understanding of “checks and balance ”?

2020年高考模拟复习知识点试卷试题之近五年高考语文(全国卷)考点分布表及

近五年高考语文（全国卷）考点分布表及2017 年复习建议 一、近五年高考全国卷语文试卷整体概况 纵览2019 到2016 五年全国卷试题 均没有多大变化； 从试卷结构按排角度 看， 从命题设计角度看，试题能够均匀分布各知识点，充分体现了新课程改革的教 学目标，具有较强的针对性； 从试题题量上看，题量安排科学，分值设计合理，难度适中，考点全面； 从考查形式上看，命题灵活多样，能够针对考生的实际，使每一位考生都能展示自己的真实水平。 、近五年高考全国卷语文试卷各版块纵向分析 一）论述类文本阅读

从2016 年到2019 年，论述类文本都是全国卷试题的必考内容，设置三道小题，均为客观题，每小题3 分，共9分。 选材一般是社会科学类文章或自然科学类文章，内容涉及政治经济、历史文化、文学艺术等。注重人文科学知识的传播，凸显其文化含量、人文价值、教化作用。选文一般在1000 字左右。从近五年考查的篇目看，社 会科学类文本占主导，自然科学类文本只是偶尔出现。 2017 年，全国I 卷是文艺论文，全国II 卷是史学论文； 2015 年和2016 年，全国I 卷是史学论文，全国II 卷是文艺论文； 2016 年全国III 卷兼顾文学与史学。 2017年、2015年的史学论文都与现实密切相关，如2017年论述古代食品安全监管问题，2015 年论述宋代的金融特点。 在考点安排上看，筛选并整合文中的信息和分析概括文章内容成必考点。

从试题难度看，近几年的试题考查更灵活，要将各选 错误选项设置更加隐蔽，有一定难度，需项与原文进行认真分析比较。 （二）古代诗文阅读 1、文言文阅读

英美概况期末考试名词解释整理

The industrial revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize. The industrial revolution A period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, production, and transportation had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions in Britain. The Industrial Revolution, was a period of unprecedented technological, economic and social change that completely transformed British culture from a largely rural, static society with limited production and division of labour into the world's first modern industrial society. the Black Death It was the deadly bubonic plague who spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no victims. It killed between half and one-third of the population of England. Thus, much land was left untended and labor was short. It caused far-reaching economic consequences. The Black Death----It was one of the deadliest pandemics in human history, peaking in Europe between 1348 and 1350. It is widely thought to have been an outbreak of bubonic plague caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestisis and have started in Central Asia. It came without warning, and without any cue.The Black Death is estimated to have killed30% to 60% of Europe's population and had profound effects on the course of European history. In England, it killed almost half of the total population, causing far-reaching economic consequences. the Progressive Movement The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the economy and social conditions. It spread quickly with the support of large numbers of people across the country. It was not an organized campaign with clearly defined goals.(Rather, it was a number of diverse efforts at political, social, and economic reforms. In spite of limitations of the movement, it brought about changes and improvement in many fields.) Roman Britain was the part of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire between AD 43 and about 410. Britannia already had cultural and economic links with Continental Europe, but the invaders introduced new developments in agriculture, urbanisation, industry and architecture, leaving a legacy that is still apparent today. The first Romans to campaign extensively in Britain were

英美概况期末试题

I.Explain the following terms: 1.the British Isles 2.Poets’ Corner 3.EU 4.the Conservative Party 5.the Seven Year’s War 6.WASPs 7.“roaring 20s” 8.melting pot 9.British Empire 10.system of US politic I.Translate the following into Chinese: 1.Westminster Abby 2.the Church of England https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bc3950898.html,monwealth 4.Mr. Speaker 5.Judicial System 6.the Great Charter 7.the House of Plantagenet 8.Puritans 9.monopoly capitalism 10.the first Pan-American Conferencce II.Multi-choices: 1.The longest river in Britain is the _____ River. (Severn, Thames, Mersey, Humber) 2.The leading anthracite coalfields in Britain are in__ (Scotland, England, Wales, ) 3.The English people are descendants of____ (Celts, Roman, Anglo-Saxons) 4.The established church of Britain is___ (the Church of England, Free churches, ) 5.Easter is kept, commemorating the __ (coming, birth, death, resurrection) of Jesus Christ. 6.In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of___. (the Queen, the Prime Minister, the House of Commons, the House of Lords) 7.All the government ministers of Britain must be members of_____. (the House of Lords, the House of Common, the Privy Council, Parliament) 8.___ is the largest state of the US in area.(Hawii, Texas, Alaska, Pennsylvania) 9.The dominant ethnic group in the US today is_____. (the black people, WASPs, Asian Americans, Hispanics) 10.People in the US have kept moving westward for reasons except___. (religious freedom, fertile soil in the West, good climate in the west, discovery gold) 11.The Constitution of the United State was framed in ___in 1787. (Washington, Boston, New York, Philadelphia) 12.The President of the US exercises the ____ power. (legislative, executive, judicial, veto) 13.Congress can veto the President’s veto by a ___ vote of the full membership of Both houses.(two-fifths, two-thirds, three-fourths, three-fifths) 14.The Constitution of US says that only___ can declare war upon other nation.

英美概况考试试题集

英语专业考研英美概况自测题（一） British Survey Test Part I Geography 1. The total area of the U.K. is _____. A. 211,440 B. 244,110 C. 241,410 D. 242,534 2. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K. A. northern B. eastern C. southern 3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____. A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland 4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary. A. Wales B. Scotland C. England 5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th 6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain. A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 1801 7. Physiographically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces. A. 13 B. 12 C. 14 8. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____. A. the Scottish Highlands B. Wales C. England 9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____. A. north to south B. south to north C. east to west 10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England. A. Scotland B. Wales C. Vale of Eden 11. The longest river in Britain is _____. A. Severn B. Clyde C. Bann 12. London is situated on the River of _____. A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey 13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales 14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short. A. North Sea B. English Channel C. Dee estuary 15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____. A. Scotland B. Wales C. England 16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____. A. Cotswolds B. Oxford Clay C. Pennines 17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources. A. 50% B. 38% C. 42% 18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____. A. Scotland B. England C. Northern Ireland 19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____. A. 1964 B. 1946 C. 1694

英美概况括考前知识点总结

英国概况 1，英国名称：The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) 2，地理位置：Great Britain is the largest island of the British Isles, the largest island in Europe and the eighth-largest island in the world. It lies to the northwest of Continental Europe, with Ireland to the west, and makes up the largest part of the territory of the state known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is surrounded by over 1,000[citation needed] smaller islands and islets. 或者回答British mainland western Europe from Great Britain and Ireland, north-east and many nearby islands， She east by the North Sea, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, up to the North Atlantic off Iceland, Yugoslavia and the European continent, separated only by a strip of water, the English Channel 3, 英国首都：London 4,组成部分：England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland 5,民族：England Welsh、Scotch、Irish 6, 英国国旗：the Union Flag英国国歌：God Save The Queen 天佑女7，三次外族入侵：ⅠRoman Conquest；43AD, the roman empire

英美国家概况教学大纲

英语国家概况复习 The Republic of Ireland Geography and History 本章概论： 1. 爱尔兰共和国的地理特征 --- the Emerald Isle --- The Central Lowland --- bogs --- the Shannon River 2. 爱尔兰共和国的气候 --- mild, moist and changeable --- excessive rainfall 3. 爱尔兰共和国的人口和宗教 --- the Great Famine --- one of the most Catholic countries of Europe 4. 爱尔兰共和国历史 --- The arrival of St. Patrick in AD 432 5. 爱尔兰共和国的外交政策 --- neutrality and nonalignment 1. 简答题： Why Ireland is also called the Emerald Isle? ----- Ireland is also called the Emerald Isle because of its rich green countryside. 爱尔兰也因其乡村绿荫葱葱而被称为绿宝石岛 第一部分：Geographical Features 1. 识记要点： Why Ireland has been geographically compared to a basin？ ----- Ireland has been compared to a basin in which a limestone plateau is rimmed by coastal highlands. 2. 识记要点： The central plain area is characterized by many lakes, bogs (wet areas) and low ridges. Variety is the main feature of the lowlands. The Central Lowland is the heart of Ireland. 3. 简答题： What is the largest river in Ireland? Why is it very important? ----- The largest river in Ireland is the Shannon River. It is very important because it

英国概况复习考试知识点

I. Important facts to know about the UK. 1. Britain does not share land border with any other countries except the Republic of Ireland(爱尔兰). 2. The climate of Britain is a mild and temperate one. 3. The most important river in the United Kingdom is the Thames River. The largest /longest is the Severn River. 4. The famous Speaker’s Corner is an area inside Hyde Park, London, where speakers address the public, especially on Sundays. 5. The Houses Parliament are in the City of Westminster. 6. The Westminster Abbey is the place where almost all English kings and queens have been crowned. 7. The Whitehall is where many British government offices are located. 8. Buckingham Palace is the London residence for the King or Queen. 9. No.10 Downing Street in London is the official residence of British Prime Minister. 10. London, the capital of the United Kingdom, is situated on the Thames River near its mouth. 11. The West End of London is resided by richer people than the East End. 12. The British Museum is the oldest and largest of all the museums and galleries in the UK. 13. Wembley Stadium is the site of the FA Cup Final, while Wimbledon is the site of the international Lawn Tennis championship. 14. The “tube” in London is the oldest and longest underground railway in the world. 15. The British state is made up of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. 16. London Tower, first built as a fortress for the royal family, was later used as a prison for the King’s or Queen’s political enemies. 17. Big Ben is a famous clock in London. 18. There is no longer serious “smog” in London nowadays. 19. The UK is one of the most densely populated countries in the world. 20. In Britain only less than 2% of the population are farmers but they manage about 70% of the land area. 21. It was the Anglo-Saxons who brought the English language into England. 22. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from the West Indies, India and Pakistan. 23. The “upper class”, living off the ownership of land or capital are fairly constant at around 2%. 24. A skilled worker, however much he /she earns, is one of the working /lower class. 25. People who do unskilled office-work are also likely to be described as lower (middle) class. 26. John Bull is the nickname of Britain. 27. The UK has experienced relative economic decline since World War II. 28. Margret Thatcher is the first and only female Prime Minister in British history. 29. The average household size in the UK is becoming smaller and smaller. 30. The Teddy Boys was the first cult that emerged in the UK in the 1950s among the working class youth. 31. The Hippies were from the middle class families in late 1960s. 32. Punks appeared in the 1970s. 33. The rave culture was popular among the middle and working class in the 1990s. 34. The youngest age that a person can get married in Britain is 16. 35. At the age of 18, people can get legally married without parental consent in the UK.

英美概况试题

上海海关学院 2011-2012学年第一学期期末考试试卷 《英美概论》A卷 考试时间：90分钟考试形式：闭卷 __________系_____级专业班姓名学号____________ 我承诺，遵守《上海海关学院考场规则》，诚信考试。考生签名：________________ I. You will be given fifteen American states and then match them with their corresponding number on the map. (2% x15=30%) ３0%)

1.Which invasion laid the foundation for English nation to be formed? A.Romans B. Anglo-Saxons C. Danes D. Normans 2. General election in the UK is held every____ years. A.2 B.3 C. 5. D.6 3. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th 4. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain. A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 1801 5.Which of the following is a holiday celebrated on November 5th in the UK and used to commemorate a plot to blow up the Houses of Parliament in 1605? A. First Footing B.Guy Fawk's Day C. Queen’s Birthday 6. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____. A. the Scottish Highlands B. Wales C. England 7..Boston is situated in Boston Bay, _____. A. Maine B. Massachusetts C. Connecticut 8.The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____. A. Maryland B. South Carolina C. Delaware D. Colorado 9.The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774. A. Philadelphia B. Boston C. New York 10. Britain is basically an importer of _____. A. food B. raw materials C. manufactures D. both A and B 11. All of the following events are related to Henry VIII except: A. establishment of Church of England B. legal union of England and Wales C. beating Spanish Armada 12. Grand Canyon is in the state of ____. A. Arizona B. Utah C.Colorado 13. In 1689 the “Bill of Rights” was passed. _____ began in England. A. The Constitutional Monarchy B. All Estates Parliament C. House of Lancaster 14. England first became a sea power in the time of _____. A. Henry VII B. Elizabeth I C. Victoria 15. The Victorian Age began when the _____ was over. A. Edwardian Age B. Georgian Age C. Elizabethan Age 16. Public schools in the UK belong to the category of the _____ schools. A. state B. independent C. local 17. The pupils who had got the highest marks in the “eleven plus” examination would go to _____ school. A. grammar B. technical C. secondary modern 18. The universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh are called the four _____ universities.

英语国家概况考试复习要点

英语国家概况复习要点 Part One UK The Country 1.Different Names for Britain and its Parts Name：England Britain Great Britain (GB/G.B.) British Isles British Empire The Commonwealth The United Kingdom(The UK) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Parts：England Scotland Wales Northern Ireland 2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Geographically, the British Isles includes Great Britain, the whole of Ireland, and all the offshore islands Politically, the British Isles is made up of U.K. and Republic of Ireland. 3. the highest mountain in Britain：Ben Nevis(本尼维斯山) the largest mountain range in Britain：the Grampians（格兰扁山脉） 4.the longest river：The Severn River (塞文河) The most important river in Britain and the second longest river: Thames（泰晤士河） 5. the largest lake in Britain：Lough Neagh（内伊湖）( Northern Ireland) 6. Backbone of England：the Pennies（奔宁山脉） The people 7.The first known settlers of Britain were the Iberians. 人们所知的英国最早居民是伊比利来人。 8.Basis of Modern English race? The earlist people known in Britain were nomads（游牧者）from mainland Europe in the Old Stone Age（旧石器时代）,followed by Neolithic（新石器时代）Iberians （伊比利亚人) and the Beaker Folk(比克人）in the Bronze Age（青铜器时代） 9.the contributions made by Anglo-Saxons to the English state? ①.established 'Old English' ②.laid the foundations of the English state ③. divided the country into shires ④. created the 'Witan' to advise the King(the basis of the Cabinet) 10.different invaders? First invasion—In 55 BC, Julius Caesar Second—Caesar's second raid in 54 BC Third and final—In 43 AD, Emperor Claudius, final and successful Roman invasion of Britain (recorded) Left—In 410, Germanic barbarian attack Rome, forcing Roman troops to leave Britain, and thus ending its occupation of the island History 9.Who is known as “ the father of the British navy” ? Sir Francis Drake 10. The Norman Conquest and its consequences The Norman Conquest (1066-1071) Fuse: Edward ruled for 24 years and died in January, 1066. Harold was chosen to be king. William, Duke of Normandy, heard the news of Harold’s coronation, he got very angry and claimed that he had the sole right to be king of England because

英美概况题

Exercises of Chapter One I. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D, choose the best one to complete the statement. 1. The national flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of _____ crosses. A. one B. two C. three D. four 2. Which flower is the symbol of England/Scotland/Wales/Northern Ireland? A. Thistle B. Shamrock C. Daffodil D. Rose 3. The highest mountain peak in Britain is in ________. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland 4. The largest lake in Britain is ______. A. Loch Lomond B. the Lough Neagh C. Windermere D. Ullswater 5. The largest lake in Britain is located in ________. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland 6. The Lake District is well-known for________. A. its wild and beautiful scenery B. its varied lakes C. the lake Poets D. all of the above three 7. The British Isles are made up of______. A. two large islands and hundreds of small ones B. two large islands and Northern Ireland C. three large islands and hundreds of small ones D. three large islands and Northern Ireland 8. Which is the largest city in Scotland? A. Cardiff B. Edinburgh C. Glasgow D. Manchester 9. There are ______ political divisions on the island of Great Britain. A. one B. two C. three D. four 10. Among the four political divisions of Britain, __________ is the most densely populated. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland 11. The capital of Scotland is __________. A. Belfast B. Cardiff C. Edinburgh D. Dublin 12. Britain’s climate is influenced by ______that sweeps up from the equator and flows past the British Isles. A. the Atlantic Gulf Stream B. the Brazil Current C. the Labrador Current D. the Falkland current II. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False. 1. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland. 2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are England，Scotland and Wales. 3. The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”. 4. London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn River near its mouth. 5. The official name of UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 6. The longest river in Britain is River Thames. 7. On the island of Great Britain, there are four political divisions—England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. 8. God Save the Queen is a national anthem used only in Britain. 9. The highest point of the Pennines is Cross Fell which is 893 meters high.