人教版2020高考英语词汇(20)练习(含解析)

词汇（20）

李仕才

复习：1、核心单词2、重点短语3、写作句式4、我读我练（词汇应用、句式仿写）

【单句单词语法填空】

1． You ______ be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.

答案：must 空后为动词原形，故此处只能填助动词或情态动词；根据下文内容可知此处是说话人的猜测，因为有“据”可循，所以非常肯定，故填语气最为强烈的情态动词must，意为“一定”。句意为：你一定是卡罗尔。这么多年后你一点儿都没变。根据语境可知，此处应该用情态动词表示推测，由下文“这么多年后你一点儿也没变”可推知此处为非常肯定的猜测，故填must，意为“一定”。

2．—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.

—Do you mean we______ bring anything with us?

答案：needn't 句意为：——我已经为野餐准备了各种食物。——你的意思是我们不必带任何东西了吗？根据句意可知填needn't，意为“不必要”。

3．(2015·四川，2改编)You________be careful with the camera.It costs！

答案：must 根据空后的动词原形be可知此处填情态动词，根据句意和后面的感叹号可知这是说话人提出的要求，且语气非常强烈，因此只能填must。句意为：你必须要小心使用相机。它很贵重！根据下文的It costs！可知，此处是说话人对使用相机的人提出的要求，must意为“必须”，表示说话人主观上的要求，语气强烈。

4．(2015·北京东城模拟改编)—The fire in the supermarket last night was terrible！

—They ________ have taken some measures to prevent it occurring.

答案：should 考查“情态动词＋have done”结构。句意为：——超市昨晚的火灾很可怕。——他们本应该采取一些措施来预防火灾的发生。这里表示“应该做某事而实际上未做”，所以用should have done结构，故答案为should。

5．(2015·北京，29改编)—Can't you stay a little longer？

—It's getting late.I really________go now. My daughter is home alone.

答案：must 句意为：——你不能再呆一会儿吗？——天色晚了。我真的必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家。根据语境中“天晚了”和“女儿一个人在家”可知，这里表示必须得走了。must意为“必须”。

核心单词

1.performance n.[C] 演出，表演；[U]履行，执行

2.period n. 时期，时代

3.permanent adj. 永久的；持久的

4.permission n. 允许，许可，同意

5.personally adv. 就自己而言

6.persuade vt. 说服，劝说

7.phenomenon (pl.phenomena) n. 现象

8.physical adj. 物理学的；身体的；物质的

9.pianist n. 钢琴家

10.picnic n. [C] 野餐，野餐食物

vi. (picnicked, picnicking) (去)野餐，举行野餐

11.plain n. 平原；平地；旷野

adj. 平坦的；简单的；朴素的；清晰的

12.platform n. 平台；站台；讲台

13.pleasant adj. 令人愉快的，舒适的

14.polite adj. 有礼貌的，有教养的

15.politician n. 政治家

16.pollution n. 污染

17.popular adj. 流行的，受欢迎的

18.portable adj. 手提式的

19.position n. 位置

20.positive adj. 确信的；明确的；积极的，肯定的；正的，阳性的

21.possession n. 所有，拥有；财产，所有物

22.possibility n. 可能，可能性

23.postpone vt. 推迟，延期

24.potential adj. 可能的；潜在的

n. 潜力

25.poverty n. 贫穷

重点短语

1.in company with 与……一起

in conflict with 与……冲突

in common with 与……有共同之处

in connection with 与……有联系

in cooperation with 与……合作

in harmony with 与……和睦相处/协调一致

2.in/out of condition 健康状况好/不好；保存(养)得好/不好

on condition that... 如果……；在……条件下

on this/that condition 在这种/那种情况下

【阅读理解】

In the tiny village of Angelica, New York, the post office is more than a place to ge t mail or send packages. There you’ll find the heart of this lovely community. It’s where villagers meet and greet friends.

When Angelica’s post office was threatened with being closed in the 1980s，a villager，Pat, came up with a plan to save it. “At Christ mas time I would hear on the news about towns named Snow or Bethlehem having celebrations,” says Pat, “Why couldn’t we do the same thing with Angelica?”

Pat, who is an artist，created a postal cancellation (邮戳) design featuring an Angelica angel.

She drew her angels in a traditional fashion and submitted her suggestion to the U.S. Postal Service. Once approved, the drawing was carved into a cancellation stamp that could be used for one day only. The postmistress (女邮局局长) then had another idea to make the day even more special calling the post office Angel Station.

The large increase in mail amount saved Angelica’s post office from being closed and keeps the doors open today.

Now it’s tradition that on the first Friday in December，people come to Angelica to mail their Christmas cards. Each year the amount of mail going through the Angelica Post Office increases during late November and early December. Stamp collectors from around the world have accepted the Angel Station cancellation, some sending mail from as far away as France.

Because the stamp is destroyed each season, Pat draws a new angel that conveys season’s greetings from Angel Station every year. Post offices may close in other parts of the country, but this tiny one continues.

1.What did Pat do to save the post office?

A. She invented a new cancellation.

B. She hosted Christmas celebrations.

C. She gave the office a better name.

D. She designed a special set of stamps.

2.Which of the following can best describe Pat?

A. Curious and friendly.

B. Humorous and intelligent.

C. Creative and warm-hearted.

3.What can we learn about Angelica’s post office from the passage?

A. It was completely closed in the 1980s.

B. Its name has been changed many times.

C. It is also the centre of local social life.

D. Its stamp remains the same each season.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Angelica邮局及制作邮票的人Pat。

1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文中Pat, who is an artist，created a postal cancellation

(邮戳) design featuring an Angelica angel.的描述可知为她发明了一个新的邮戳，故选A。

3.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文中Because the stamp is destroyed each season, Pat draws

a new angel that conveys season’s greetings from Angel Station every year.的

描述可知它的名字曾经被改过很多次，故选B。

写作句式

强调句型

1.(2016·北京高考书面表达)It was his continuous efforts that caused China to change gradually.

正是他的不懈努力使得中国逐渐发生变化。

2.(2015·江苏高考书面表达)But rules alone don’t secure an orderly society.It is the people who obey the rules that matter.

但是制度本身不能保证一个有秩序的社会，遵守规则的人才是重要的。

3.(2015·四川高考书面表达)By the way, I do hope that you can help me improve my English writing ability, especially the proper use of vocabulary and some important grammar.

顺便说一下，我确实希望你能帮助我提高英语写作能力，尤其是正确使用词汇和一些重要语法的能力。

我读我练

Ⅰ.词汇应用

1.Joe gathered the boys and girls of the neighbourhood for a picnic(野餐).

2.To cut down PM 2.5 is a tough task.Cities have to consider economic development while dealing with air pollution(污染).

3.Your performance (perform) as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of learning by yourself.

4.She begged her mother to give her permission (permit) to go on a trip.

5.In this peaceful land, people live__in__harmony__with__nature(与大自然和谐相处), far away from the noise and worry of the outside world.

6.Having been out__of__condition (健康状况不佳)for several weeks, he decided to travel.

Ⅱ.句式仿写

1.正是你的帮助和热心让我在英国的学习和生活既特别又快乐。 It__was__your__help__and__kindness__that made my study and life in the UK special and enjoyable.

2.只有通过倾听和相互理解，孩子和父母之间的问题才可能被解决。 It__is__only__by__listening__to__and__understanding__each__other__that problems between parents and children can be settled.

3.尽管戒烟对我父亲来说很难，他有30年的烟龄，但最终他确实戒掉了。

It was very difficult for my father to quit smoking, who smoked for 30 years, but in the end he did__manage__it.

【练习】

It is known that some students cheat in exams.It has three reason.First of all ，there are so many exams. Beside ，the exams given are difficulty in some way. Secondly, some students have to cheat in exams because of they are too lazy.The last reason is to please our parents and teachers.For some students ，low marks brought them great pressure and make them depressing.

In my opinion ，cheating in exams are wrong.We should take active attitude to our studies ，and try to get a mark what is true as well as good.

【答案】

It is known that some students cheat in exams.It has three reason reasons

.First of all ，there are so many exams.Beside Besides ，the exams given are difficulty difficult

in some way.

Secondly, some students have to cheat in exams because ﹨o f they are too lazy.The last

reason is to please our their parents and teachers.For some students ，low marks brought bring

them great pressure and make them depressing depressed

. In my opinion ，cheating in exams are is

wrong.We should take ∧an active attitude to our studies ，and try to get a mark what that/which

is true as well as good. 第一处：reason→reasons。考查名词复数。根据three 可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。 第二处：Beside 改为Besides 。考查副词。besides 作副词讲时是“除此之外”的意思，而beside 为介词，意为“在……旁边”。根据the exams 前的逗号可知，此处应用副词，故将Beside 改为Besides 。

第三处：difficulty→difficult。考查形容词。此处应用形容词difficult 作are 的表语，表示“困难的”。

第四处：删除of 。考查连词。“they are too lazy”为一个完整的句子，其前应该是一个连词，故删除介词of 。

第五处：our→their。考查代词。根据上文中的“they are too lazy”可知，此处应该用their 。 第六处：brought→bring。考查动词时态。全文时态均为一般现在时，本句是对客观事实的陈述且根据and 后的make 可知，应用一般现在时。

第七处：depressing→depressed。考查形容词。此处depressed 是分词形容词，作宾语补足语，宾语them 指人。

第八处：are→is。考查主谓一致。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数，故用is 。

第九处：active 前加an 。考查冠词。attitude 是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，且在读音以元音音素开头的形容词active 之前，故用an 。

第十处：what→that/which。考查定语从句。根据语境可知，此处应用that/which 引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a mark 。

高考英语核心词汇详解讲解

高考核心单词----动词精讲（高考动力站） 1. abandon vt. = give up = throw 1.离开，遗弃 2.放弃，停止做（某事） 3.放纵，放任 派生abandoned a. -ed结尾：动词/形容词 I abandon myself in wasting time. 我让我自己放纵于浪费时间。 2. abolish vt. 废除，废止（+ certain system某些系统/ certain practice某些行动）PK cancel vt. 取消 abuse 滥用 abnormal 不正常的 ab-开头表示否定 3. absorb vt. “吮” 1.吸收（某事物），吸进 2.将（某物）合并，并吞 3.完全吸引住（某人）的注意力或兴趣 派生be absorbed in sth. 沉浸于sth. I am absorbed in the party, so I forget anything. 4. ac commod ate vt. 来自com mod ity n. 日用品 -ity -ment -hood -ness –on名词 mode模式model模型module模块 -mod-样子 = put up sb. 1.供给某人住宿或房间 2.适应，迁就，迎合 派生accommodation n. 旅馆 5. ac company vt. company n. 公司；朋友=friend I accompany him. = I keep company with him 我伴随着他。 1.伴随或跟随（某人），陪伴 2.与某事物同时存在或发生 派生accompany A by/ with B 用B来伴随A I accompany him with swim.（错） I accompany him with swimming. 我让他天天游泳。 3.给某人伴奏 派生accompany sb. at / on sth. 在sth.给sb.伴奏 I accompany him at the party. 6. accuse vt. 指责某人有错；犯罪或犯法；指控；控告；谴责 派生accuse sb. of sth. 因为sth.谴责sb. 7. accustom vt. 使……习惯于 custom n. 习俗 派生accustom A to B 使A习惯B I accustom myself to wearing glasses .

2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练8

2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练8 adj.乐观的 We are still optimistic, whatever the result may be. 我们仍然乐观，不论结果如何。 The stockholders are optimistic about the pany's future.股东对公司的前景很乐观。 反义词：pessimistic adj.悲观的 Her pessimistic attitude turns him off. 她那悲观的态度令他很不高兴。 ________，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. A．Shy and cautious B．Sensitive and thoughtful C．Honest and confident D．Lighthearted and optimistic n. (1)气候 She is not used to living in a cold climate. 她不习惯寒带生活。 (2)(某一社会、时代的)风气，趋势；气氛，环境气氛 social climate 社会风气 political climate政治气候 the current climate of opinion目前的舆论环境 After the revolution，the climate of the country remained tense. 革命以后，那个国家的气氛依然紧张。 climate/weather辨析 climate：气候，指一个地区气候的总情况，如气温、降雨量等，还可指(社会)风气。weather：天气，指特定的一天或某个时节的天气的具体情况，如冷暖阴晴等。 What will the weather be like tomorrow 明天天气怎样 I would rather live in France because of the climate. 由于气候原因，我宁愿住在法国。 单项填空 (1)For the sake of her daughter's health，she decided to move to a warm________. A．weather B．temperature C．season D．climate (2)Although farmers there mainly grow wheat，the________is also warm enough to grow rice. A．criminal B．climate C．air D．sky (1)n.洪水，水灾(可数) The town was destroyed by the floods after the storm. 暴风雨过后，小镇被洪水淹没了。 (2)n.大批，大量流入 There was a flood of plaints about the poor service at the restaurant. 许多人投诉这家餐馆服务质量差劲。

高考英语词汇及解析B

a高考英语词汇及解析B 1. back adv.回（原处）;向后 adj.后面的 n. 背后，后部；背 back and forth 来回，往返； back to back 背靠背 behind one’s back 背后； look back 回顾 put back 放回去；turn one’s back on 避开，不理睬 2. ◎backward adv. backward and forward 来来回回 bend /lean over backward to do 竭尽全力去做… 3. baggage n.行李 a piece of/an article of baggage 4. ◎balance 1) n. ①平衡keep a balance (between A and B) lose one’s balance disturb the balance of one’s mind ②余额 (常用单数） check your bank balance ③欠款（常用单数）The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90 days. 短语 be/ hang in the balance 不明朗的，未定的，悬而未决的 catch / throw sb. off balance 使…失去平衡；使…不知所措 on balance 总的来说 2）v．①保持平衡 ~（sth）on sth balance on one leg He balanced the cup on her knee. ②同等重视 balance A with/ and B balance home life with career ③比较权衡 balance A against B balance the cost against its benefit balanced adj. be on a balanced diet 5.●ban n.禁令 v. 禁止，取缔 a ban on smoking 禁烟令 place… under ban 对…加以禁止 ban sb. from sth./ doing 禁止某人做 6. ◎bar 1) n. 条，块 a bar of chocolate / soap 障碍 Being a woman was a bar to promotion. 2) vt. 封堵 All the doors and windows were barred. 阻止 bar sb. from ... bar players from drinking 7.bargain n. （经讨价还价之后）成交的商品；廉价货 Those shoes are a real bargain at such a low price.v. 讨价还价 bargain with sb about /over sth 8. base n. 根据地，基地 v.以...为基地, 把基地设在 1) base sth on/upon sth 以…为基础 His book is based on a true story. 2)be based in以...为基地,把基地设在 The toy company is based in Guangzhou. basic adj 基本的basic knowledge/skills basically adv. 9. ◎basis (复数 bases ) 1）基础，要素form the basis of… 2) 基准，原则 on a regular /permanent basis 以定期的/永久的方式 3) 原因，缘由on the basis of… Some videos were banned on the basis of violence. 10. bath n.洗澡;浴室;澡盆; have/take a bath bathe v. 洗澡,游泳be bathed in …沉浸在,沐浴着（光线）bathroom n.浴室 11. bear (bore, born/borne) v. 1）承受 (重量) The ice is too thin to bear your weight. 2) 负担, 承担 bear the cost/ burden/responsibility 3）忍受;容忍（常用于疑问句、否定句，与can, could 连用） bear to do/doing 4) bear…in mind 记住 12. beat v (beat ,beaten) 连续有节奏的敲击 My heart is beating faster than usual. Waves are beating the shore. 击败: He beat me in the game. ※ beat & hit &strike & knock 13. before It will be +段时间+before+ do/does…要过多久才… It was +段时间+before+ did…没过多久就… 14. beg 乞求，请求 beg—begged—begged—begging beg sb. to do 请求、乞求某人做某事 I beg your pardon. 对不起、请原谅（降调）请再讲一遍（降调） 15.begin—began—begun—beginning begin with=start with 以…开始 to begin with=to start with (插入语)首先、第一 I don’t like living here. To begin with, the room is far too small. 16. beginning n.开始，开端at the beginning of… in the beginning= at first 17. ◎behave v. 表现 He behaved as if nothing had happened. behave badly/well/like a true gentleman behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌 well / badly behaved children 18. ◎behavior n. 不可数 good/ bad behavior be on your best behavior 尽量表现得体 19. behind drop/ fall behind 落后 leave sb./sth. behind 遗落、忘带 20. ◎belief n. （不可数） 1）相信，信心 belief in I admire his belief in what he is doing. 2) 看法，信念（不可数） He acted in the belief that he was doing good. There is a general belief that things will soon get better. 3) 信仰（可数 beliefs） religious/ political beliefs 短语 beyond belief 难以置信to the best of one’s belief 尽其所知 21. believe believe it or not (插入语)信不信由你 It is believed that he is a good teacher. =He is believed to be a good teacher. 22. belong belong to 属于（无被动） The house belonging to her is under repair. 23. bend v. 弯曲、弯腰、伏案 bend—bent—bent She was bent over her desk writing a letter. 她正伏案写信。 24. ◎benefit 1) n. 优势，益处（不可数）She didn’t get much benefit from her staying abro ad. 短语: be of benefit to...=be beneficial to ... to one’s benefit 对某人有利 for one’s benefit = for the benefit of sb. 为了帮助.../为了某人的利益

高三英语专题训练(词汇练习)

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