2020高考英语易混淆词汇辨析(10页)

2020高考英语易混淆词汇辨析

【destroy , damage , ruin】

The boy ruined the beautiful picture with ink on purpose. (不可修复)

His hope of being a singer was destroyed.(不可修复)

The heavy rain damaged a lot of houses. (可修复)

【quiet , silent , still】

Be quiet and get on with your work.. 安静的，寂静的。表自然环境，表生性安静，不易激动。

You must learn when to speak and when to keep silent. 表沉默的。表示不说话，不弄出声音。

The air is so still that the smoke is rising straight up from the fire. 安静的，不动的。指人表面无动作。

【occur , happen , take place】

It was unfortunate that this accident should happen / occur.偶然发生，碰巧。常指不好的事情。

It occurred to him that he should go to see a dentist. 与happen 可互换。occur to sb. / sth. 思想出现在意识中。

The official opening of the store will take place next week. 指必然会发生的事情，无被动。还有举行活动。

【argue , debate , quarrel】

The new couple are always quarrelling about so little family income. 指因愤怒而争吵。

The workers argue for the right for a public holiday. 通过提出理由进行论证。

First, let me introduce to everyone both sides of today’s debate. 指正式的辩论。

【fit , match , suit】

This coat doesn’t suit you. 多指颜色、款式、质地等适合，合乎需要、口味、性格、条件和地位等。

This coat doesn’t fit you. 多指大小、尺寸、形状合适、合身。

This tie doesn’t match this coat. 多指大小、形状、颜色、性质等方面的搭配。

【matter , affair , business】

I could do nothing to help you since the matter has gotten into such a mess. 侧重麻烦或异常的事情、毛病。

Before going away, he arranged his business affairs. 一般为较重大的事件，也可泛指事务，要用复数。

Tom is the black sheep of his family. He has almost ruined his father’s business. 生意，行业，事情，事务

【normal , common , ordinary , usual , regular】

As is known to all, snow is common in cold countries. 常见的，一般的。common sense / knowledge

Are you returning home at the usual time today? 通常，往常，一贯如此。as usual

Tom Sawyer was an ordinary American boy who kept getting into trouble. 普通的，平常的，平凡的。

A new regular bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago. 有规律的，定期的，经常的。

My life was delighted that things had returned to normal once again.正常的，智力，精神正常的。

【opposite , contrary】

H is house is opposite to mine. 指位置、方向、地位、意义等对立的、相反的。be opposite to 在。。。对面。

This is something quite contrary to my expectations. 主张、看法行为等相反的，含有互相冲突，不一致。

【realize , recognize , know】

He didn’t realize his mistake until his mother told him. 认识到，意识到，实现，完成。

It’s hard for me to recognize his voice on the phone. 认出，辨认，承认。为短暂性动词，不接时间段作状语。

We have known each other for many years. 知道，了解，熟悉，认识。可接时间段作状语。

【scene , scenery , sight , view】

The scene after the earthquake was horrible. 指展现在眼前的情景，也可指scenery的一部分。含景物中的人。

He had a chance to see the historical sights of London. 指场景、眼前看到的景观。可指名胜、风景。用复数。

Hangzhou is world-famous for its beautiful scenery. 指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色。

There is a fine view of the mountain from our hotel. 指从远处或高处看到部分景色。

【separate , divide】

Please separate the good apples from the bad ones. 把聚合在一起的事物、东西分开，常与from 连用。

Please divide the apple into two parts. 把一个整体分成若干部分，常与into 连用。

【struggle , fight】

The soldiers fought bravely in the battle. 打仗，战斗，主要指肉体上的对抗。常指打架。

On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen.挣扎，斗争。指肉体和精神

上的搏斗。暗指在艰难处境中奋力挣扎。

【broad , wide】

She lost her heart to the soldier with the broad shoulder and the deep voice. 指某物覆盖面的范围，肩、背、胸。

His reading covers a wide range of subjects. 着重指边沿间相隔的距离以及广泛之意。

【cause , reason , excuse】

I don’t know the cause and effect. 起因，原因，指引起某种结果的必然原因。常与of 搭配。强调事实。

There are many reasons for animals dying out. 理由，原因，用于解释已发生事情的理由，借口。常与for连用。强调逻辑推理，理由不一定真实。

I haven’t done the work well; my excuse is that I have been ill. 指免受指责或推卸责任而找的理由、原因，即借口。常与for 连用。

【advantage , benefit , profit】

It is to your advantage to invest wisely. 好处或利益，所获之物。

Young people get great benefit from reading. 指各方面的受益。

Their investment has brought them a lot of profit. 多指金钱方面的利益、利润。

【bravery , courage】

He showed great bravery in saving the drowing child. 勇敢，指处于某种紧迫情况下大胆无畏的行动勇气。

Although blinded by the explosing, he faced the future with courage.勇气，勇敢，指使人面对危险、困难、痛苦等而不感到惧怕的精神力量。

【character , characteristic , quality , personality】

He has a changeable character. 品质，性格特色，特征，个人、集体或范畴的区别特征或属性。

What characteristics distinguish the Americans from the Canadians? 指与众不同的特征。

Modesty is one of his good qualites. 品质，指个体的特点，尤指好的品质。

His personality left a deep impression on us. 个性，指个人聚集的品质、行为、脾气、情绪和精神的性格。

【circumstance , surrounding , environment , occasion】

In normal circumstances I would have resigned immediately. 环境，情形，形势，多用复数。

He didn't pay much attention to his surroundings. surrounding 只能做形容词。surroundings 为周围的事物，指一个人四周的生活环境。

Children need a happy home environment. 环境，一般用单数，强调环境对人的感受，道德的影响。

He seized the occasion to invited her home for dinner. 时机，机会。

【cost , price , charge , expense】

Living costs are higher in cities than in the country. 耗费，成本。包括对某事所付出的一切费用、时间、劳力。

It must be done at any price.价格。指商品出售时所定的价格。还有代价。

How much is the charge for this coffee? 零花钱或给予服务后索要的费用。

His parents decided to cut down his expenses at college. 多用复数，指大量的花费、支出。如求学、旅游。

【energy , force , power , strength】

Young people usually have more energy than the old. 指人在活动中表现出的生机勃勃的“力”。

He had to use force to get the lid off the can. 指为克服阻力而运用或发挥出来的“力量”。

You can really feel the power of the sun here. 含义最广，包括一切抽象和具体的力。

He hasn’t got enough strength to get out of bed. 指人或物体内在的耐力、抵抗力、气力。

【heart , mind】

He married the girl of his heart. 侧重情感之心。

We expect there to be more students with good mind. 侧重理智之心。

【especially , specially , particularly】

The Great Wall had been added to, rebuilt and repaired, especially during the Ming Dynasty. 尤其

These books are specially written for beginners. 指为某一特别目的而做。

He was particularly / especially interested in the stories about kings. 意义相仿，常可通用。

Rice grows well in their county, especially in their village.

2).动作结果不同：

advise persuade / look for find / look see / listen hear / try manage / treat cure

3).动作状态不同：

begin be on catch fire be on fire

4).主观客观不同：

receive accept

5).直接间接不同：

hear hear of know know of learn learn of

6).有无—ly的副词不同：

①无—ly的副词表具体意义，有—ly的副词表抽象意义。

wide widely deep deeply high

highly low lowly close closely

②有无—ly的副词，意思不同：

N ear nearly hard hardly most mostly dear dearly late lately bad badly

【buy , cost , pay , spend , take】

buy:指购买。常见搭配：buy sb. sth.; buy sth. for sb. / sth. cost:指花钱、时间、劳力等。. S th. cost sb sth.

pay: 指花钱.常见搭配：S b. pay money for sth.

spend: :指花钱、时间等。常见搭配：S b. spend …in doing sth. / on sth.

take: 主要指花时间。常见结构：It takes / took sb. some time to do sth.

【offer , supply , provide】

Josie offered him 500 dollars to do the work.

Our farm supplies the market with fruits and vegetables.

The school provided books for the children.

【be known as , be known for , be known to , be known in】be known as +名词表示一个人的身份、职业等。“作为。。。而著名”

be known for +名词表示某人或某物的特点、特长。“因。。。而著名”

be known to + 表示人的词语。“为。。。所了解、知道”

be known in + 表地点的词语。

中考英语易混淆词汇辨析[整理版]

中考词汇辨析 §1 a bit/ a little 这两个词都意为“一点儿”有时可以互换，但有时不能。 Ⅰ．二者作程度副词修饰形容词、副词、动词或比较级时，意义相同，为“一点儿”“有些”。如： ①I am a bit / a little hungry. 我有点饿。 ②He walked a bit / a little slowly. 他走路有点慢。 Ⅱ．二者都可以作名词词组，充当主语或宾语。如： ①A little / bit is enough for me. 我有一点儿就够了。 ②I know only a little / a bit about her. 我对她的情况只了解一点。 Ⅲ。a little可直接修饰名词；a bit后须加of才可以。如： ①.There is a little water in the bottle. = There is a bit of water in the bottle. [注意]a little of后的名词通常特指，表“……中的一些”，如： ①May I have a little of your tea? Ⅳ. 否定形式not a little 作状语，相当于very/ quite, “很”，“非常”；作定语和宾语时，相当于much, 意为“许多”。而not a bit 作状语时，相当于not at all, 意为“一点也不”，作宾语时则相当于not much. Eg: ①He is not a little (=very) hungry. 他饿极了。 ②He is not a bit (=not at all) hungry.他一点也不饿。 ③She ate not a little (=much). 她吃得很多。 Ⅴ. Not a bit中的not 可以分开使用；not a littl e中的not 则不能分开。Eg: ①He felt not a bit tired. = He didn’t feel a bit tired. 他觉得一点也不累。 ②He felt not a little tired. 他觉得非常累。但不能说：He didn’t fell a little tired. §2 a few/ few/ a little/ little Ⅰ. a few和few修饰可数名词，a little和little修饰不可数名词；a few和a little表示肯定意义，few和little表示否定意义，可受only修饰。如： ①Few people will agree to the plan because it’s too dangerous. ②This text is easy to understand though there are a few new words in it. ③T here is little water left in glass. Will you please give me some ④Don’t worry, we have a little time left. §3above/over/on/upon Ⅰ. 方位介词，“在……之上” Ⅱ. above 着重指：在……上方，不一定含有垂直在上的意思。反义词为：below. ①The sun rose above the horizon. 太阳升到了地平线上。 ②The aero plane flew above the clouds.飞机在云层上飞行。 Ⅲ.over 表盖在……上面，或铺在……上面。此时不能用above.代替。含有垂直在上的意思。反义词为under. ①Spread the tablecloth over the table.把桌布铺在桌子上。 Ⅳ. on 含有与表面相接触的意思。 ①The book is on the desk. ②There is an oil painting on the wall. 墙上有一幅油画。 Ⅴ.upon 也含有和表面相接触的意思。与on没有多大的区别，但较正式，口语中较少用。 ①He laid his hand upon the boy’s head. 他把手放在孩子的头上。 [注]up 与以上几个不同，它表示向上方或高处，含有由下而上，由低而高的意思。常和表示运动的动词连用。作副词时，表示在上方或高处。 ①We run up a hill. 我们跑上山。 ②The plane was high up in the air.飞机在高空中。 §4accept/receive Ⅰ. accept “接受”，表示其行为是由主观意愿决定的。 ①I accepted it without question. 我毫无疑问地接受了它。

2016考研英语超难易混词汇辨析(二)

2016考研英语超难易混词汇辨析（二） 在考研英语复习过程中，考生面临一个非常棘手的问题，即超难易混词汇的辨析。而考研英语知识运用（俗称“完型填空”）着重考察近义词和形近词的辨析。凯程教育为广大考生提供了高频考察词汇的辨析，希望能够助广大考生一臂之力。 1、alleviate, diminish, reduce, decrease, decline这一组动词都有“减少，减轻”的意思。 alleviatev.在痛苦方面的减轻，缓和。 E.g.Nowadays, a great deal can be done to alleviate back pain. 如今，减轻背部疼痛可以有许多方法。 diminishv.指因为不断消耗，在数量方面缓慢减少，也指在素质或者价值的下降。 E.g.We should try to diminish the cost of production.我们应尽力减少生产成本。 reducev.指人为地使某物在数量或重量方面的减少或降低。 E.g.The plan is designed to reduce some of the company's mountainous debt. 该计划旨在减少公司堆积如山的债务。 decreasev.指数量上的减少；力量或者强度的减弱。 E.g.His interest in this subject gradually decreases.他对这门学科的兴趣逐渐减退。 declinev. (数目、价格、比率)下降；谢绝，婉言推辞；衰退，衰落。 E.g.Hourly output by workers declined 1.3% in the first quarter. 第一季度工人每小时的产量下降了1.3% 2、allocate, separate, detach, divide这一组动词都有“分开”的意思。 allocatev.分配，把……拨给。 E.g.Local authorities have to learn to allocate resources efficiently. 地方政府必须学会有效地分配资源。

英语易混淆词汇知识整合辨析

一．表主动和被动的不同。 有些由动词词根派生而来的形容词与该形容词所修饰的词之间存在这逻辑上的主动或被动关系，其中以-able,-ible,和-ed后缀结尾的形容词往往含有被动意味，而以-ful,-ous，或-tive结尾的往往含有主动意味。 1.respectful与respectable(respecting,respective) respectful意思是“恭敬的，尊敬人的”，有主动性的“尊敬 他人”之意。例如：the children were well mannered and respectful toward grown-ups.孩子们彬彬有礼，尊敬大人。 Respectable是“可敬的，值得尊敬的”的意思，表示“还过 得去”，为一般性的赞语，含被动意味。例如： It’s not respectable to get drunk in the street.在大街上 喝的醉醺醺的是有失体统的。 Respecting常用作介词，表示“关于,,,,在，，，方面”之意。 例如： Problems respecting air pollution in cities should be considered seriously.关于城市空气污染问题应给与认真考虑。 Respective表示“各自的，分别的”的意思。 Go to your respective places.各就各位。 2.imaginative 与imaginable(imaginary) imaginative 意思是“富于想象力的”，和他所修饰的人之间 含有主动的关系。例如： teachers like imaginative children.老师喜欢富有想象力的

中考英语形近词辨析

1.aloud（大声地）--cloud（云） 2.bad（坏的）--sad（难过的） 3.bank（银行）--rank（军衔） 4.bed（床）--red（红的） 5.beg（请求）--leg（腿） 6.better（更好的）--letter（信） 7.dig（挖）--pig（猪） 8.bike（自行车）--like（喜欢） 9.bit（一点儿）--hit（击中） 10.block（大块）--clock（钟） 11.boot（靴子）--foot（脚） 12.box（盒子）--fox（狐狸） 13.built（建造[过去式]）--quilt（被子） 14.but（但是）--cut（割） 15.cap（帽子）--map（地图） 16.car（汽车）--jar（坛子） 17.card（卡片）--hard（努力地） 18.carry（运送）--marry（结婚） 19.cast（投掷）--east（东） 20.class（班级）--glass（玻璃） 21.crop（庄稼）--drop（使滴下） 22.deal（分配）--meal（一餐） 23.deed（行为）--need（需要） 24.door（门）--poor（可怜的） 25.dump（垃圾堆）--jump（跳） 26.fast（快的）--last（最后的） 27.fever（发烧）--never（从不） 28.fire（解雇）--hire（雇用） 29.fish（鱼）--wish（希望） 30.five（五）--live（生活） 31.fix（安装）--mix（混和） 32.fool（愚蠢的）--pool（小池） 33.grade（年级）--trade（贸易） 34.grain（谷物）--train（火车） 35.hide（躲藏）--ride（骑） 36.hot（热的）--not（不） 37.house（房子）--mouse（老鼠） 38.into（到……里面）--onto（到……上面） 39.jeep（吉普车）--keep（保持） 40.just（恰好）--must（必须） 41.kick（踢）--pick（捡） 42.kind（种类）--mind（介意） 43.kiss（吻）--miss（错过）https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bb12976048.html,ter（后来）--water（水） 45.lest（唯恐）--rest（休息） 46.lid（盖子）--rid（去掉） 47.life（生命）--wife（妻子） 48.love（喜爱）--move（移动） 49.mail（邮件）--rail（铁轨） 50.meal（一餐）--real（真正的） 51.mine（我的）--nine（九） 52.moon（月亮）--soon（不久） 53.most（最多的）--post（邮局） 54.mouth（嘴）--south（南） 55.much（许多）--such（这样的） 56.next（下一个）--text（课文） 57.north（北）--worth（值得……的） 58.pork（猪肉）--work（工作） 59.push（推）--rush（冲） 60.reason（原因）--season（季节） 61.ring（响）--wing（翅膀） 62.sea（海洋）--tea（茶） 63.sorry（难过的）--worry（使担忧） 64.talk（谈话）--walk（散步） 65.taste（品尝）--waste（浪费） 66.bad（坏的）--bed（床） 67.bat（球拍）--bit（一点儿）--but（但是） 68.beg（请求）--big（大的） 69.coal（煤）--cool（凉的） 70.dead（死的）--deed（行为） 71.dear（亲爱的）--deer（鹿） 72.dig（挖）--dog（狗）--dug（dig的过去和过去分词） 73.fall落下--fill装满--full满的 74.fan（扇子）--fun（玩笑） 75.farm（农场）--form（建立） 76.fix（安装）--fox（狐狸） 77.glass（玻璃）--grass（草地） 78.hare野兔--here在这里--hire（雇用） https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bb12976048.html,ke（湖）--like（喜欢） https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bb12976048.html,ke（湖）--lame跛的--late（迟的） https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bb12976048.html,st（最后的）--lost（丢失的） 82.live（生活）--love（喜爱） 83.meat（肉）--meet（遇见） 84.month（月份）--mouth（嘴）

初中及高中英语易混词汇辨析1

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2016考研：英语易混词汇辨析（一） 在考研英语复习过程中，考生面临一个非常棘手的问题，即超难易混词汇的辨析。而考研英语知识运用（俗称“完型填空”）着重考察近义词和形近词的辨析。万学海文为广大考生提供了高频考察词汇的辨析，希望能够助广大考生一臂之力。 1、basic, elementary, fundamental,primary这一组形容词都有“基本、基础的”之意。 basica.基本的，基础的，既可用于具体事物，也可用于抽象事物。 E.g.That law deprived me of my most basic rights. 那条法律把我的最基本权利都剥夺了。 elementarya.初步的，初级的，着重指基本的或开始的事物，也指初步的概念和原则、必要的因素及组成部分。 E.g.He is ignorant of even the most elementary facts. 他连最基本的事实都不知道。 fundamentala.根本性的，一般只用于抽象的事物；必要的，必须的。 E.g. Industry leaders want scientists to engage in fundamental research, not applied research. 行业领袖希望科学家从事基础性研究，而非应用性研究。 primarya.最初的、主要的，表示在进展顺序中居于首位。 E.g. A distinction should be made between the primary and secondary tasks. 要区别主要的和次要的任务。 2、chuckle, giggle, grin, jeer, laugh, sneer这一组词都和“笑”有关，而且之间的差别也比较明显。 chucklev. (书面语)吃吃的笑，抿嘴笑，轻声笑，多指因得意或领会到某事中的趣味而暗自发笑。 E.g.I could hear him chuckling to himself as he read his book. 他看书时，我能听见他在轻声发笑。 gigglev.咯咯地笑，痴笑，傻笑，多指女人和孩子由于紧张、被逗乐、尴尬时所发出的笑声。 E.g.The children couldn't stop giggling at the teacher's high-pitched voice. 教师的嗓音很高，孩子们都不禁咯咯地笑起来。 grinv.露齿而笑，指人因高兴、满足、轻蔑等咧开嘴露齿地笑。 E.g.They grinned with pleasure when I gave them the sweets. 当我给他们糖果时，他们高兴地咧开嘴笑了。 jeerv.讥笑，嘲笑，其同义词是mock。 E.g.Do not jeer at the mistakes or misfortunes of others. 不要嘲笑别人的错误或不幸。 laughv.笑，大笑，用于一般的笑或出声的大笑。

易混词辨析

易混词辨析 1. attitude, latitude, altitude, gratitude 2. contribute, attribute, distribute 3. describe, prescribe, subscribe, substitute 4. difference, indifference 5. simultaneous, spontaneous 6. senior, junior, superior, inferior, prior, priority minor, major, mayor 7. presume, resume, consume, assume 8. considerate, considerable 9. favor favorite, favourable 10. comparative, comparable 11. exit, exist, 12. evaluate, assess, asset, access 13. offer, afford 14. vital, fatal 15. refuse, decline, reject, eject, subject to, object 16. subjective, objective, positive, negative 17. effective, efficient 18. farmer, former/latter/later, formal 19. effect, affect,/influence/impact infect 20. owe, own 21. start, startle 22. confirm, confine, confront, confuse, conform 23. continual, continuous 24. successive, successful, succeed, success 25. golf, gulf 26. appeal, appear 27. count, account 28. term, item 29. constant, instant 30. unlike, dislike 31. personal, personnel 32. staff, stuff 33. sensitive, sensible; 34. fresh, flesh, flash 35. brush, blush ,flush, crash, clash, crush, dash, rush 36. down, dawn 37. deceive, conceive, receive, perceive 38. increase, decrease 39. comb, tomb 40. comedy, tragedy, strategy, remedy, therapy 41. pessimist, optimist 42. negative, positive, active, passive, excessive, progressive, aggressive, exclude, exclusive, explosive, massive

《中考英语》初中英语词汇辨析的知识点总复习含答案解析

一、选择题 1．—Dad, are you ________this afternoon? —Yes, I have no time to play with you, Mary. A．late B．free C．busy D．happy 2．When you are________, you should listen to music to cheer you up. A．shy B．afraid C．strict D．down 3．We should learn_______ each other. A．to B．from C．for D．of 4．You should be careful to pay over the Internet, ________it’s not always safe. A．so B．because C．after D．as soon as 5．The song Where Is Time Gone sung by Diamond（张碧晨）________the yearly general champion of China’s Voice. A．lost B．won C．beat D．got 6．World Book Day takes place ________ April 23rd every year. A．at B．in C．on 7．He ________all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. A．requested B．attacked C．protected D．ignored 8．—Do you know what the meeting is about? —Yes, of course. It will ________ some important rules we need to know about our new senior high school. A．talk B．achieve C．memorize D．cover 9．—Hardly any people believe that a(n) ________ meeting will lead to a lasting love. —I agree. A．familiar B．distant C．accidental D．present 10．—Why did Jim look so happy? —It________ him that he had a good choice even if he failed in the job interview. A．learned B．broke C．hit D．received 11．—Which country has the biggest population in the world? — China . It's a little ________than that of India. A．most B．bigger C．more D．biggest 12．—Jerry looks so tired. He works too hard. —He has to ________ a family of four on his own. A．offer B．support C．provide D．remain 13．—Is that blue cup Paul's? — No, it isn't . ________is yellow. A．Mine B．Yours C．Hers D．His 14．—How can we go________ the big river? —By ship.