《导学案》2015版高中英语(人教版必修4)教师用书 Unit 3 Period 3 Grammar 讲义 Word版含答案

Period 3 Grammar

1.掌握occasion , slide 等重点词汇的用法。

2.初步掌握动词-ing 形式作宾补、表语和定语的用法。

1.复习动词-ing 作主语和宾语的基本用法。

2.通过分类的方式,自主学习并归纳动词-ing 形式作宾补、表语和定语的用法。

单句改错

1.I am looking forward to visit Charlie Chaplin Museum in Switzerland next week.

2.Charlie s job was entertain people.

3.I wouldn t mind to see The Gold Rush again with you tonight.

4.Charlie s non-verbal humour often makes people bursting with laughter.

5.We are all fond of Charlie s early films , which we think are more interested. 【答案】1.visit →visiting 2.entertain →entertaining 3.to see →seeing 4.bursting →burst 5.interested →interesting

1.occasion

阅读下列句子,注意occasion的意思及用法。

I only wear a tie on special occasions.我只有在特殊的场合才打领带。

He seized the occasion to invite her back for dinner.他抓住机会邀请她回家里吃饭。

通过观察以上句子,我们发现occasion是名词,意思是“”。

【答案】场合;机会

on occasion(s)有时;偶尔

take / seize occasion抓住机会;乘机;利用机会

occasion作先行词在从句中作时间状语表示“机会;时间”时,常用when引导定语从句;在从句中作地点状语表示“场合;场所”时,用where引导定语从句。

There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

This is not an occasion for laughter, where you must take things seriously. 这不是你该笑的场合,而是你必须严肃认真的场合。

单项填空

I saw Bob play the piano at John s party and on that he was simply brilliant.

A.scene

B.sight

C.occasion

D.situation

【答案与解析】C scene“场景;(出事)地点”;sight“视线;景观”;occasion“场合”;situation“情景;形势;局面”。

2.slide

阅读下列句子,注意slide 的意思及用法。

The headmaster said it was dangerous to slide on the ice, particularly on the lake.校长说在冰上滑行很危险,尤其是在湖面上。

The children were having a slide down the icy path.孩子们沿结冰的小道滑下。

Do you want a colour film for slides or prints?你要的彩色胶卷是做幻灯片用还是为了印刷?

通过观察以上句子,我们发现slide既可以用作动词,也可以用作名词,意思分别是

“(1) ”和“(2) ”。

【答案】(1)滑;滑动;(使)滑动(2)幻灯片;滑;滑动

单项填空

“The steps that have been taken are critical to preventin g us into a depression,” Mr Obama told reporters after the close of the gathering.

A.to slide

B.having slid

C.sliding

D.being slid

【答案与解析】C prevent sb from doing sth是固定搭配,from可以省略,此处要用动名词主动形式。句意:奥巴马在会议结束后对记者说:“业已采取的措施对我们避免陷入萧条非常重要。”

动词的-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语

一、动词-ing形式作表语的用法

动词-ing形式作表语一般表示比较抽象的习惯性动作,表语和主语的位置可以互换。

Her job is teaching.( = Teaching is her job.)她的工作是教书。

Her duty is taking care of the babies.( = Taking care of the babies is her duty.)照看婴儿是她的职责。

注意:不定式和动词-ing形式作表语的不同。我们知道,不定式同样可以作句子的表语,与动词-ing形式所表达的意义也非常接近,但两者有一定的区别:一般说来,动词-ing形式多表示一般行为和状态;而不定式则强调具体某次动作或将来要发生的动作。

二、动词-ing形式作定语的用法

1.单个的动词-ing形式作定语时,一般放在被修饰词之前,而动词-ing形式短语作定语时,一般放在被修饰词之后。

a waiting room等候室

a dancing girl一个跳舞的女孩

teaching methods教学方法

a swimming pool一个游泳池

The man talking with our headmaster is my father.和我们校长谈话的那个人是我父亲。

2.现在分词也可以作定语修饰名词,表示该名词正处在某种状态,现在分词这个动作实际上是由所修饰的名词发出的动作。

a sleeping beauty (a beauty is sleeping)一个睡美人

a running dog (a dog is running)一只奔跑中的狗

a dancing girl (a girl is dancing)一个跳舞的女孩

三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的用法

1.动词-ing形式和动词-ing形式短语可以用在表示感觉的动词(如see,observe,notice,watch,hear,smell, listen to,look at,feel等)以及使役动词(如catch,set,have,make,get,start,leave,keep,find等)的宾语后面,作宾语补足语。

I saw a small girl standing in front of a goldfish pond.我看到一个小女孩站在金鱼缸前。

2.在一些感官、使役动词后,既可以接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语,也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语,其区别在于:动词-ing形式作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行,不是指全过程;省略to的不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的完成,指全过程。

I saw the thief getting on the train.我看见那个贼正在上火车。

I saw the thief get on the train and disappeared.我看见那个贼上了火车,消失了。

单项填空

(1)—Carl works hard.

—So he does.He is often seen heavily before his colleagues arrive.

A.to be sweated

B.sweated

C.be sweated

D.sweating

【答案与解析】D句意:“卡尔工作很努力。”“的确如此。经常有人看见他在同事来之前就已经大汗淋漓了。”现在分词短语在句中作主语补足语,表示主动及动作正在进行。

(2)—Some of the magazines are missing.Did you close the door before leaving?

—Yes.I remember it, for it remains.

A.to close; locked

B.closing; locked

C.closing; locking

D.to close; being locked

【答案与解析】B答句句意:是的。我记得锁了门,因为门还锁着。remember doing sth “记得做过某事”,符合语境。remain在此作系动词,且the door与lock之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作表语。

(3)If we have illegal immigrants in, many local workers will lose their jobs.

A.came

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ba18068336.html,ing

C.to come

D.having come

【答案与解析】B句意:如果我们听任非法移民不断涌入,那么当地许多工人将失业。have sb doing sth“使某人一直做某事”。

(4)Walt Disney once described Mickey Mouse as a little fellow to do the best he could.

A.tries

B.to try

C.trying

D.tried

【答案与解析】C fellow与try之间是主谓关系,故用现在分词短语作后置定语。

(5)The hottest topic throughout this week on newspapers and TV programs is the crisis and what the government is going to do with it.

A.to be talked about

B.talking about

C.to talk about

D.being talked about

【答案与解析】D时间为“本周”,topic与talk about之间是动宾关系,所填内容在句中作后置定语,故用现在分词短语的被动形式。

用所给词的正确形式填空

1.She returned home only to find the door open and something(miss).

2.Can you imagine yourself(stay) in a lonely island?

3.The news that he told us was very(excite).

4.The tree(stand) in our garden is very tall.

5.Do you think this book(tire)?

6.I m sorry to keep you(wait) for a long time.

7.They kept their employees(work) for five hours without a rest.

8.All of us are(interest) in the(interest) movie.

9.On a(freeze)morning the little girl was found(freeze)at the corner of the street.

10.They found a(die) old woman(lie) on the ground when the door was broken open.

【答案】1.missing 2.staying 3.exciting 4.standing 5.tiring 6.waiting7.working

8.interested; interesting9.freezing; frozen10.dying; lying

●温馨贴士

本课时的核心内容为“动词-ing形式作表语、宾语和宾语补足语”,知识要点图解如下:

人教版高中英语必修四课文翻译

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2019人教版高中英语必修3电子课本 word版

普通高中课程标准实验教科书《英语》电子课本 Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world B3U1P1-3 FESTIV ALS AND CELEBRATIONS Ancient Festivals Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere. The most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Other celebrations were held when hunters could catch animals. They would starve if food was difficult to find, so they celebrated when they had food. They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty. Festivals of the Dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. In Japan the festival is called Obon, when people should go to clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico they have the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people might eat food in shape of skulls, and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in memory of the dead. It is now a children’s festival, when they can go to their neighbours’ homes and ask for sweets. They dress up and try to frighten people. If they are not given anything, the children might play a trick. Festivals to Honour People Festivals can be held as an honour to famous people or to the gods. One of these is the Dragon Boat Festival in China, which honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. Another is Columbus Day in the USA, in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in America. In India there is a national festival on October 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter ,and because a season of agricultural work is over. In European countries it is the custom to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and people get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their animals, flowers, fruits and vegetables, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. In China and Japan there are mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and give gift of mooncakes. Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat, and may give children lucky money in the red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the lunar New Year together. In some Western countries there are very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. They might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival in Christian countries. It celebrates the return of Jesus for Christians and it also celebrates the coming of spring. In Japan, the Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each others. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.

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完整版人教版英语必修四课文电子版

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必修三 Unit1 festivals around the world 1.take place 发生（指按计划发生，相当于不及物动词，没有被动语态）； happen发生（指偶然地没有预见地发生，也是不及物动词，没有被动语态，） take the place of 代替 e.g. The 2012 Summer Olympics will take place in London. A funny thing happened in our class last Monday. I will take the place of him to finish the work. 2. in memory of…纪念；追念（介词短语） e.g. I send you this card in memory of our happy summer together. 3. lead…to…把……带向（引领到）…; lead to…导致 e.g. I will lead the blind man back home. Regular reviewing leads to better grades. 4. in the shape of…以/在……的形状 e.g. I dare eat the food in the shape of skulls. 5. belief 信任；信心；信仰。其复数为beliefs. 6. dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰。dress up as…打扮成…… e.g. We dressed up for the school party on Christmas Day. They tried to dress him up as a “national hero”. dress up, put on, wear, have on 的区别 1）dress意思是给自己或别人穿衣服。可单独用作不及物动词；作及物动词接宾语时要接表示人的名词、代词或反身代词。dressed可作表语，be dressed (in)表示“穿着”的状态。2）put on 表示“穿上、戴上”，是终止性短语，表动作，其宾语是衣服、鞋、帽、手套、袜子、眼镜等。 3）wear是“穿着、戴着”，除了接普通衣服外，还可指佩戴手表、首饰、徽章、花以及留发型、胡须等，含义最广。 4）have on表示静态“穿着、戴着”，多用于口语，是比较普通的用语，不用于进行时。 7. play a trick on…搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑。还常用作play tricks on… e.g. He intends to play a trick on that girl. Don’s play tricks on me- I want to know the truth. 8. award n. 奖，奖品（可数）vt.授予；判定 e.g. He won the first awards of many English contests. The school awarded Mary a prize for her good work.学校因为玛丽的出色表现而奖励了她。medal, prize, reward和award用法辨析： medal指“奖章，勋章，纪念章”，如金牌、银牌等。 prize指“奖品，奖金；战利品；捕获物”，如在竞争或比赛中赢得的，或作为对胜利或优胜的嘉奖的东西 reward指“回报，报酬，报应”，为相应的行为作酬劳或为邪恶的举止作报应而授予或收到的东西。 award指“奖品”，因优点奖励或授予的东西。 e.g. How many gold medals has he won? My brother won the first prize in the contest. A large reward is offered for the capture of the criminals.

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必修4 Unit 1 n. 成就；功绩 圣女贞德（法国民族女英雄） 伊丽莎白?弗赖伊（英国慈善家） 教友派信徒；贵格会会员 n. 福利；福利事业 n. 项目；工程；规划 n. 学会；学院；协会 中国福利基金会 n. 专家；专业工作者 vi. 专攻；专门从事；专注于 简?古道尔 (英国动物学家) n. （非洲）黑猩猩 n. 连接；关系 人类 乔迪?威廉斯 n. 运动；战役 vi. 作战；参加运动 n. 地雷 n. 组织；机构；团体 贡贝国家公园 vt. & vi. 举动；（举止或行为）表现行为；举止；习性 n. 荫；阴凉处vt. 遮住光线 离开；起程；出发 adj. 值得的；值得做的 n. 巢；窝 n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带 vt. 观察；观测；遵守 n. 观察；观测 n. 童年；幼年时代

adj. 直言的；坦诚 vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意 vt. & vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 n. 争论；争辩；争吵 n. 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演 过着……的生活 n. 人群；观众 vt. 挤满；使拥挤 （想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示 n. 灵感；鼓舞 n. & vt. 支持；拥护 蔑视；瞧不起 vi. 谈到；查阅；参考 查阅；参考；谈到 n. 观众；听众；读者 碰巧；凑巧（偶然）遇见；碰见 n. 事业；生涯 n. 比率；速度 n. 疾病；恶心 vt. 计划；打算 n. 突发事件；紧急情况 n. 一代；一辈 n. 决心；果断 n. 仁慈；好意 adj. 考虑周到的 n. 考虑；体谅 vt. 递送；生（小孩儿）；接生； 发表（演说等） 继续；坚持 adj. 谦虚的；谦让的；适度的

(完整版)人教版高中英语必修三单词表

人教版高中英语必修三单词表Unit 1 take place 发生 beauty /'bju:ti/ n.美；美人 harvest /'hɑ:vist/ n. & vt. & vi.收获；收割 celebration /seli'brei?n/ n.庆祝；祝贺 hunter /'h?nt?/ n.狩猎者；猎人 starve /stɑ:v/ vi. & vt.（使）饿死；饿得要死 origin /'?rid?in/ n.起源；由来；起因 religious /ri'lid??s/ adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的 △seasonal /'si:z?nl/ adj.季节的；季节性的 ancestor /'?nsest?/ n.祖先；祖宗 △Obon /?'b?n/ n. (日本)盂兰盆节 △grave /ɡreiv/ n.坟墓；墓地 △incense /'insens/ n.熏香；熏香的烟 in memory of 纪念；追念 Mexico /'meksik?u/ n. 墨西哥(拉丁美洲国家) feast /fi:st/ n.节日；盛宴 △skull /sk?l/ n.头脑；头骨 bone /b?un/ n.骨；骨头 △Halloween /h?l?u'i:n/ n.万圣节前夕；诸圣日前夕 belief /bi'li:f/ n.信任；信心；信仰 dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰 trick /trik/ n.诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt.欺骗；诈骗 play a trick on 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑 poet /'p?uit/ n.诗人 △Columbus Day哥伦布日 arrival /?'raivl/ n.到来；到达；到达者 △Christopher Columbus /'krist?f?k?'1?mb?s/ 克利斯托弗·哥伦布(意大利航海家) gain /ɡein/ vt.获得；得到 independence /indi'pend?ns/n.独立；自主 independent /indi'pend?nt/ adj.独立的；自主的 gather /'ɡ?e?/ vt. & vi. & n.搜集；集合；聚集 agriculture /'?ɡrik?lt??/n.农业；农艺；农学 agricultural /?ɡri'k?lt??r?l/ adj.农业的；农艺的 award /?'w?:d/ n.奖；奖品vt.授予；判定 △produce /'pr?dju:s/ n.产品；（尤指）农产品 rooster /'ru:st?/ n.雄禽；公鸡 admire /?d'mai?/ vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕 energetic /en?'d?etik/ adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的 look forward to 期望；期待；盼望 △carnival /'ka:nivl/n. 狂欢节；(四句斋前的) 饮宴狂欢；嘉年华(会) △lunar /'lu:n?/ adj.月的；月亮的；阴历的 Easter /'i:st?/n. (耶稣)复活节 △parade /p?'reid/ n.游行；阅兵；检阅 day and night 日夜；昼夜；整天

人教版高中英语必修4课文原文Unit1--5

必修4 Unit 1 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: "Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It's terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, 'Aren't they lucky?" And then I think about small chimps in cages

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1.必修四Unit1A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE 非洲野生动物研究者 It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. 清晨5点45分，太阳刚从东非的贡贝国家公园的上空升起，Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. 我们一行人准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. 简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么的相似。Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. 我们当天的首项任务就是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. 这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开黑猩猩一家睡觉的大

树旁。Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. 大家坐在树荫下等待着，这时候猩猩们睡醒了，准备离开。Then we follow as they wander into the forest. 然后这群黑猩猩向森林深处漫步而去，我们尾随其后。Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. 在大部分时间里，黑猩猩或相互喂食，或彼此擦身，这在它们的家庭里是表示爱的方式。Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. 简预先提醒我们，到下午的时候我们就会又脏又累。她说对了。However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. 不过到傍晚时分我们觉得这一切都是值得的。We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. 我们看到黑猩猩妈妈跟她的幼子们在树上玩耍，后来看见它们晚上一起回窝里睡觉了。We realize that the