大学英语四级分类模拟题256

大学英语四级分类模拟题256

Reading Comprehension

The Technology That's Transforming Gardening

With the holiday weekend coming up and the weather (hopefully) taking a turn for the better, many of us may 1 feeling a bit green-fingered (精通

园艺的) and turn our 2 to gardening.

The New York-based tech Bitponics is hoping that worrying about seasons will be a thing of the past when it comes to 3 your own plants, fruit and vegetables.

Bitponics claims to be "your 4 gardening assistant". The system it sells is a cloud-based hydroponics (水栽培) gardening manager.

Many people may only have heard of hydroponics in terms of growing cannabis (大麻), but actually it is 5 used in farming.

Hydroponics basically 6 growing plants without soil, instead using a reservoir (蓄水池) of nutrient solutions in water.

What Bitponics strives to do is automate hydroponic systems.

The technology it has developed is an electronic box that has 7 attached. These sensors, or probes, go into the reservoir of your hydroponic system and monitor things like pH levels, 8 , humidity (湿度), and the data is then sent 9 to the cloud.

Two outlets let you plug in lights or pumps, which can be set on timers to aid growing. A web app gives you a grow plan, which 10 you by text or e-mail when you need to add nutrients or change the water reservoir.

A. absently E. investment I. personal M. temperature

B. attention F. involves J. plentiful N. widely

C. explicit G. merely K. sensors O. wirelessly

D. growing H. notifies L. start

The Dangers of Reading

One of the biggest reasons I depart from my minimalist (极简主义的) philosophy is reading, 11 , reading about what others are doing. I read a blog post, or a magazine article about someone doing something 12 : travelling, using a new productivity system, making bread, etc. And then I want to do that too. And I think we all do this. We all read inspirational things, or hear about them from a friend, and 13 ourselves doing the same thing.

This is often a good thing—inspiration is good, isn't it? Learning from others is 14 good. But this inspiration can often 15 me to forget about what I've learned, and soon I'm heading down a new path, buying a lot of things to support my new interest, only to 16 this interest when I've read something else.

This has happened to me dozens of times. I want to learn Spanish, programming, bread making, 17 writing, guitar; each of these is wonderful. But when I become especially interested in the next new thing to learn about, the other things suffer. I can't learn about them all at once. Such 18 pulls away my focus and keeps me from doing well at any one thing.

What's the antidote (解)? Focus, namely, 19 to one thing long enough to learn it. Don't be distracted by every new thing you read. The answer isn't to stop reading, but to pay more 20 attention to your impulses when you do read.

A. abandon E. definitely I. fiction M. satisfaction

B. careful F. distraction J. imagine N. specifically

C. cause G. facilitating K. plentiful O. stick

D. concentration H. fascinating L. presumably

Caffeine May Improve Memory

A cup of coffee in the morning may improve long-term memory, according to a new study.

The study, published in the journal Nature Neuroscience, found that participants who had been given caffeine (咖啡因) pills had better

memory 21 Scientists studied 160 participants aged 18 to 30, and showed them 22 photos of items at the beginning, asking study subjects to classify the items as "indoor" or "outdoor". Half the participants were given a caffeine pill after that 23 , the other half a placebo (安慰剂). One day later, all the participants were shown the same pictures, as well as some they hadn't seen before. They were asked whether each photo was new, old or 24 to the originals.

While both groups were able to 25 between old and new pictures, the researchers 26 discovered that the participants who took the caffeine pills were better at determining which pictures were similar to the first round. The researchers remain 27 about how caffeine may influence memory, but they speculate that it could interfere with hormones (荷尔蒙，激素) related to memory making.

The study needs to be repeated before any proven conclusions can be made, but it's not the first to find benefits in caffeine intake (摄取). In fact, similar findings were made in a population of bees, which leads researchers to believe that the caffeine played a 28 in improving recall.

Still, highly caffeinated products have been linked to 29 events like poor sleep. In 2012, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced it was looking into the safety of energy drinks after 30 several reports of illnesses and even deaths after taking energy drinks.

A. classification E. negative I. role M. temporarily

B. conceiving F. recall I. significance N. uncertain

C. disguise G. receiving K. similar O. various

D. distinguish H. remind L. surprisingly

Do You Use Your Cell Phone a Lot?

Too much time spent on your cell phone doesn't mean you're more connected and happier.

A new research from scientists at Kent State University in Kent, Ohio shows that the more time college students spend on their ceil phones, the

more 31 they are and the more their academic performance will 32 .

Jacob Barkley, Aryn Karpinski and Andrew Lepp studied 500 Kent State University students, each of whom reported their daily cell phone use for the year as well as their level of anxiety and 33 with their life.

At the end of the year, the students also 34 the researchers to see their official school records for their cumulative (累积的) grade point average (GPA.. Not only was greater cell phone use 35 correlated (相关的) with satisfaction and happiness, it was also associated with lower GPAs—presumably because the students were more anxious and unable to 36 on their studies.

While 37 researches found that cell phones can improve social interaction and reduce feelings of isolation, the latest findings suggest that constant 38 to information and people may be a double-edged-sword. The researchers speculate, for example, that students may feel anxious if they feel obligated (有义务的) to be in constant 39 with their friends. Some may have difficulty disconnecting, which only feeds into the stress linked to their phones. Occasional episodes of solitude can be 40 for well-being,

but students who are tied to their phones aren't getting these respites (暂缓).

A. access E. intense I. preferred M. suffer

B. anxious F. negatively J. previous N. touch

C. concentrate G. objectively K. relation O. vital

D. depend H. permitted L. satisfaction

答案:

Reading Comprehension

1、

[解析] 动词辨义题。根据空格前的情态动词may和空格后的feeling a bit gree-fingered可以判断，此处需要填入一个动词原形。feeling在该句中为动词feel的动名词形式，而非名词“感觉”。备选词汇中只有start“开始”符合此处语境，故选L。

2、

[解析] 名词辨义题。根据空格前的our和空格后的to gardening可以判断，此处需要填入一个名词。再结合前文中提到的feeling可知，备选词汇中attention“注意，留心”最符合此处语境，故选B。

3、

[解析] 动词辨义题。when it comes to为习惯用法，意为“当提到……”，其后接名词或动名词。再由空格后的your own plants...可以判断，此处需要填入一个动名词。备选词汇中只有growing“生长”符合此处语境，故选D。

4、

[解析] 形容词辨义题。根据空格前的your和空格后的gardening assistant可以判断，此处需要填入一个形容词修饰assistant“助理”。备选词汇中personal“私人的”符合此处语境，故选I。5、

[解析] 副词辨义题。空格所在的分句结构完整，并不缺少任何成分，根据空格前的it is和空格后的used可以判断，此处需要填入一个副词修饰used“应用”。备选词汇中widely“广泛地”符合此处语境，故选N。be widely used in意为“广泛应用于……”。

6、

[解析] 动词辨义题。根据空格前的basically和空格后的动名词growing可以判断，此处需要填入一个动词，且其后可以接动名词。备选词汇中involves“包括”符合此处语境，故选F。

7、

[解析] 名词辨义题。that has...attached在句中作an electronic box的定语，其中attached意为“将某物系在、缚在或附在(另一物)上”。have sth. attached意为“附有……”，由此可知此处需要填入一个名词。后文中紧接着提到了These sensors，故不难推知备选词汇中sensors“传感器”符合此处语境，故选K。

8、

[解析] 名词辨义题。此处空格位于几个并列的名词之间，由此可以判断，此处需要填入一个能够与pH levels和humidity并列使用的名词。备选词汇中temperature“温度”符合此处语境，故选M。investment“投资”显然不能被“这些传感器”(These sensors)所“监控”(monito r)，故排除。9、

[解析] 副词辨义题。空格所在的分句结构完整，再由空格前的sent和空格后的to the cloud可以判断，此处需要填入一个副词修饰sent“发送”。显然，备选词汇中wirelessly“无线地”最符合此处语境，故选O。

10、

[解析] 动词辨义题。空格位于which引导的非限制性定语从句中，该从句的先行词为a grow plan。该从句中缺少动词，再根据整个句子采用的一般现在时时态可以判断，此处需要填入一个动词的第三人称单数形式。备选词汇中notifies“通知”符合此处语境，故选H。

11、

[解析] 副词辨义题。根据空格前后的逗号可以推断，此处需要填入一个可以单独使用的形容词或副词，用作插入语。备选词汇中只有specifically“确切地说”符合此处语境，用在此处以引出后面

的内容，以对前面提到的reading作进一步的解释说明，故选N。

12、

[解析] 形容词辨义题。空格所在的分句结构完整，再由空格前的something可以判断，此处需要填入一个形容词以修饰something。备选词汇中plentiful意为“大量的，丰富的”，不能修饰something，故排除。而后文中列举的travelling等并不算是“仔细的”事情，因而也排除careful。fascinating意为“吸引人的”，符合此处语境，故选H。

13、

[解析] 动词辨义题。根据空格前的and和空格后的ourselves doing...可以推断，此处需要填

入一个动词原形，与前面提到的read并列，且其后可接现在分词短语作宾语补足语。备选词汇中只

有imagine“想象”符合此处语境，故选J。

14、

[解析] 副词辨义题。空格所在的分句结构完整，根据空格前的系动词is和空格后的形容词good可

以推断，此处需要填入一个副词修饰good。备选词汇中definitely“肯定地”最符合此处语境，故选E。

15、

[解析] 动词辨义题。根据空格前的can often和空格后的代词me to forget可以判断，此处需

要填入一个动词原形，且其后可以接sb. to do结构，并且该动作的发出者为物，即this inspiration，因此cause“造成，导致”符合此处语境，故选C。

16、

[解析] 动词辨义题。根据空格前的only to和空格后的名词this interest。可以判断，此处需要填入一个动词原形。从语义上看，前文中提到了作者从阅读中获得的新的启迪会让作者忘记自己所学的东西，而开始购买很多东西来支持自己新的兴趣；后文中也提到作者不能同时学习所有他感兴趣的东西。由此不难推知，此处作者所要表达的是自己在读到别的东西之后又会抛弃其所拥有不久的新兴趣。因而备选词汇中的abandon“放弃”符合此处语境，故选A。

17、

[解析] 名词辨义题。此处空格与其后面的writing一词一起与前文中提到的bread making并列，由此可知此处需要填入一个名词，而且能够作write的宾语。备选词汇中只有fictio n“小说”符合

此处语境，故选I。

18、

[解析] 名词辨义题。根据空格前的限定词such和空格后的动词pulls可以判断，此处需要填入一个不可数名词。此处空格指的是前文中提到的作者总是想要学习更新的东西，而使其他事情遭殃的情况。由此可以判断空格处填入的名词须表示消极意义，备选词汇中只有distraction“注意力分散”符合此处语境，故选F。

19、

[解析] 动词辨义题。由该句句首的Focus和空格前的插入语namely“也就是，换句话说”可以判断，空格所在的分句为祈使句，且其表达的意义与namely前面的内容相同，由此可知此空格处需要填入一个动词原形，表达与focus相关的意义，备选词汇中只有stick“坚持”符合此处语境，故选O。stick to sth.意为“坚持或维持某事物”，为固定用法。

20、

[解析] 形容词辨义题。此处空格位于pay more和attention中间，由此可以判断此处需要填入一个形容词，以修饰attention“注意力”。备选词汇中fascinating意为“吸引人的”，不能修饰attention，故排除。plentiful意为“大量的，丰富的”，不能被more修饰，因而也排除。careful

意为“审慎的，小心的”，用在此处语义通顺，故选B。pay more careful attention to sth.意为“更多地注意某事物”。

21、

[解析] 名词辨义题。空格所在的分句结构完整，不缺少任何成分，且该空格位于句末，根据其前面的had better memory可以判断，此空格处需要填入一个名词，与memory构成名词短语。备选词汇中只有recall“回想”符合此处语境，故选F。recall除了可以用作名词以外，还可以用作动词。

22、

[解析] 形容词辨义题。空格所在的句子不缺少任何成分，而空格后的photos of items为名词短语，由此可以判断，此处需要填入一个形容词修饰photos。备选词汇中只有various“各种各样的”符合此处语境，故选O。

23、

[解析] 名词辨义题。根据空格前的that可知空格处应填入一个名词，且其指代的内容在前文中有提到，根据前文中要求受试者将照片分为“室内”和“室外”两类可知，空格处名词所指应为对照片分类的行为。备选词汇中classification“分类”符合此处语境，故选A。

24、

[解析] 形容词辨义题。根据空格前的new，old or可以推断空格处为可以与new和old并列的形容词，又根据空格后的to the originals推断此空格处涉及前后两次所示照片的对比。备选词汇中只有similar“类似的”符合此处语境，故选K。

25、

[解析] 动词辨义题。根据空格前的were able to和空格后的between...可以判断，此处需要填入一个动词原形，构成be able to do结构，且该动词须能与between搭配使用。备选词汇中只有distinguish“区分”符合此处语境，故选D。

26、

[解析] 副词辨义题。空格所在的分句不缺少任何成分，再根据空格前的the researchers和空格后的动词discovered可以判断，此处需要填入一个副词修饰discovered“发现”。备选词汇中temporarily意为“暂时地，临时地”，不符合此处语境，可排除。surprisingly意为“令人惊奇地”，surprisingly discovered意为“惊奇地发现”，语义通顺，故选L。

27、

[解析] 形容词辨义题。根据空格前的系动词remain和空格后的介词about可以判断，此处需要填入一个形容词，说明该句主语The researchers的情况，且该形容词须能够与about搭配使用。备选词汇中只有uncertain“无把握的”符合此处语境，故选N。

28、

[解析] 名词辨义题。根据空格前的不定冠词a可以判断，此处需要填入一个可数名词的单数形式。备选词汇中role“作用”符合此处语境，故选I。play a role/part为固定用法，意为“发挥作用，起作用”。

29、

[解析] 形容词辨义题。空格所在的分句不缺少任何成分，根据空格后的名词events可以推断，空格处需要填入一个形容词。句末的like poor sleep是对前面状况的举例，而poor sleep意为“睡眠不好”，显然是消极意义的内容。由此可知空格处填入的形容词须表示否定意义，备选词汇中只有negative“消极的”符合此处语境，故选E。

30、

[解析] 动词辨义题。空格所在的分句中缺少动词，且位于介词after之后，由此可以判断，此处需要填入一个动名词，其宾语为several reports。备选词汇中conceiving意为“构思，想出(主意、计划等)”，而由句中的reports可以判断这里指的是事实，而不是凭空构想，conceiving一词用在此处不符合语义，可排除。receiving意为“收到”，receiving several reports of 意为“收到一些关于……的报告”，语义通顺，故选G。

31、

[解析] 形容词辨义题。空格所在的分句为that引导的宾语从句，其中包含the more...the more...的句式结构，由此处空格后的they were可知，此处缺少一个形容词作表语，说明they

的情况。备选词汇中只有anxious“焦虑的”符合此处语境，故选B。

32、

[解析] 动词辨义题。空格所在的分句缺少动词，说明前面提到的their academic performance 的情况。前文中提到了大学生花越多的时间在手机上，他们就会越焦虑，由此可以推知，此处提到的学习成绩应该也会随之受到不好的影响。备选词汇中表示消极意义的只有suffer“受苦”符合此处语境，故选M。

33、

[解析] 名词辨义题。根据空格前的level of anxiety and和空格后的with their life可以判断，此处需要填入一个名词与anxiety并列使用，且该名词能与介词with搭配使用。备选词汇中只有satisfactio n“满足”与anxiety“焦虑”一样，都是表达人的某种情绪，用在此处语义通顺，故选L。their level of anxiety and satisfaction with their life意为“他们生活中焦虑和满足的程度”。

34、

[解析] 动词辨义题。空格所在的句子主语为the students，宾语为the researchers句中缺少谓语动词。再由上下文采用的时态可以判断，此处需要填入一个及物动词的过去式。备选词汇中preferred意为“更喜欢”，由于该句陈述的只是一个事实，而不强调学生们是否更喜欢研究人员去查看学校的GPA记录，故排除I项。permitted意为“允许”，符合此处语境，故选H。

35、

[解析] 副词辨义题。空格位于not only所在的主句，其主干完整，不缺少任何成分。因空格后为动词correlated，由此可以判断，此处需要填入一个副词修饰correlated。后面一个分句中提到了使用手机与较低的GPA成绩相关，由此不难判断此处指的是手机使用量的增加与满意和幸福指数呈负相关。备选词汇中negatively“负地”符合此处语境，故选F。

36、

[解析] 动词辨义题。根据空格前的unable to和空格后的介词短语on their studies可以判断，此处需要填入一个动词原形，与前文构成be unable to do的结构，且该动词须能与介词on搭配使用。备选词汇中depend和concentrate后都可以接on。depend on意为“依靠；取决于”，不符合此处语境。concentrate意为“集中精神”，concentrate on表示“集中精力于……”，用在此处语义通顺，故选C。

37、

[解析] 形容词辨义题。空格所在的分句结构完整，由空格后的名词researches可以判断，此处需要填入一个形容词修饰researches。根据该句中前后两个分句的内容可知，句首的While在此处表示对比，而后面一个分句中提到了the latest findings，由此可知备选词汇中previous“先前的”最符合此处语境，故选J。

38、

[解析] 名词辨义题。空格位于that引导的宾语从句中，该从句中缺少主语，由此可以判断此处需要填入一个名词，且能够被形容词constant“持续不断的”所修饰。再由空格后的to information 可以推知，空格处填入的名词还须能与介词to搭配使用。备选词汇中只有access符合语境，constant access to information意为“不断地获得信息”，故选A。K项中的relation“关联，关系”后虽然也能接to，但是用在此处语义不通，故排除。

39、

[解析] 名词辨义题。根据空格前的in constant和空格后的with their friends可以判断，此处需要填入一个名词，与介词in和with一起搭配使用。备选词汇中只有touch“联系”符合此处语境，故选N。be in touch with为固定用法，意为“与……有联系”。

40、

[解析] 形容词辨义题。根据空格前的be和空格后的for well-being可以判断，此处需要填入一个形容词。前文中提到了当学生们感到有义务与朋友保持经常联系时，他们可能会感到焦虑。此处描述的是偶尔独处与健康之间的关系，不难推知此处说的是偶尔独处对身体健康很重要。备选词汇中vital意为“十分必要的”符合此处语境，故选O。

大学英语四级模拟试题四(附含答案解析)

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