20篇听写练习 ---题目

1.Environmentally Friendly Cars

Environmentally friendly cars are supposed to be the vehicle of future generations. Nevertheless, such cars ①_________ now and are becoming more popular in the modern car market than traditional vehicles which work on fossil fuels. The advantages of such cars are not only in their lower ②______________ for the environment and people’s health but also in the lower fuel costs. However, their production is rather expensive, so it is still a ③_________________ point both for the customers and the automobile manufacturers. Although they are more expensive to buy, they pay for themselves in a period of about 5 years because they ④______________ less expensive fuels. The common types of environmentally friendly cars include ⑤______________ cars, fuel-cell-powered cars, crossbreed cars and ⑥____________ cars. And environmentally friendly cars have become the choice of many people who decided to reduce the influence of burning fossil fuels on the nature.

2.Customer service

Good customer service is the lifeblood of any business. You can offer ①________________ and slash prices to bring in as many new customers as you want. But unless you can get some of those customers to come back, your business won’t be ②______________ for long. Good customer service is all about bringing customers back. And about sending them away happy, happy enough to pass positive ③________________ about your business along to others, who may then try the product or service you offer for themselves and in their turn become ④_______________ customers. If you’re a good salesperson, you can sell anything to anyone once. But it will be your ⑤_________________ to customer service that determines whether or not you’ll ever be able to sell that person anything else. The ⑥_______________ if good customer service is forming a relationship with customers, a relationship that the individual customer feels that he would like to ⑦_____________.

3.Overpopulation

Overpopulation is the condition where the number of organisms ①_______________ the carrying capacity of their habitat. We are facing the effects of overpopulation in our daily lives. Overpopulation has affected the life of common man and has proved to be one of the most serious difficulties that have to be ②______________. Overpopulation implies a shortage of resources and economic inflations. Living through the ③______________ effects of overpopulation has made us realize serious problems associated with it. It is high time we ④___________ and find the causes of overpopulation include ⑤______________ in the death rate, rise in the birth rate, migration and lack of education. Not every nation is capable of providing its people with ⑥________________ amount of resources. The ever-increasing population will eventually ⑦___________ to provide its people with the resources they need to thrive. When the environment fails to accommodate the living beings that inhabit it, over population becomes a ⑧_____________.

4.Wood recycling

Recycling timber is the process of turning waste timber into usable products. Recycling timber is a practice that was ①_____________ in the early 1990s as issues such as deforestation and climate change, prompted both timber suppliers and consumers to turn to a more ②_______________ timber source. Recycling timber has become popular due to its image as an

environmentally friendly product. Consumers commonly believe that by ③____________ recycled wood, the demand for green timber will fall and ultimately benefit the environment. Recycled timber is now used as a ④_______________ product. It has been important in both raising industry and consumer ⑤_______________ towards deforestation and promoting timber mills to ⑥____________ more environmentally friendly practices. Wood recycling is a subject which has in recent years taken an even greater ⑦____________in our lives. The problem, however, is that although many local ⑧_______________ like the idea of recycling, they do not fully support it.

5.The Free Hugs Campaign

The Free Hugs Campaign is a social movement involving individuals who offer hugs to strangers in public places. The campaign in its ①______________ form was started in 2004 by an Australian man. Initially, people were suspicious of the strange man on the street offering to hug anyone who wanted one. Soon, however, suspicion gave way to ②_________________ acceptance. When authorities tried to stop the campaign, over 10,000 people③____________ to ensure its continuance. The campaign became famous internationally in 2006 as the result of a music video ④_____________ in the Internet. The response to the video was astounding. Many people ⑤___________ this newly created movement, and went out offering free hugs to whoever wanted one. This event demonstrates how the Internet can be used to connect ⑥_______________ above the boundaries of space and time. The hugs are meant to be random acts of ⑦_____________, reputedly selfless acts performed by a person for the ⑧____________ reason of making others feel better.

6.Obesity

At the other end of the malnutrition scale, obesity is one of toda y’s most visible, yet ①______________ public health problems. Paradoxically, co-existing with under-nutrition, a ②_____________ epidemic of overweight and obesity is taking over many parts of the world. If ③_______________ action is not taken, millions will suffer from an array of serious health disorders. Obesity is a complex condition, one with serious social and ④_________________ dimensions, that affects virtually all age and threatens to overwhelm both developed and developing countries. As of 2000, the number of obese adult is over 300 million. Contrary to convention ⑤______________, the obesity epidemic is not restricted to industrialized societies. In developing countries, it is ⑥_______________ that over 115 million people suffer from obesity-related problems. Generally, although men have higher rates of overweight, women have higher rates of obesity. For both, obesity ⑦_______________ a major risk of serious diet-related non-communicable diseases, including ⑧_______________ and certain forms of cancer.

7.Online Shopping

With just a ①______________ of the mouse, shoppers can buy nearly any product online, from groceries to cars, from insurance policies to home ②_____________. The world of electronic commerce, also known as e-commerce, ③_______________ consumers to shop at thousands of online stores and pay for their purchases without leave the ④_____________ of home. For many, in Internet has taken the place of Saturday afternoon ⑤_______________ shopping at the mall. Consumers expect merchants to not only make their products available on the Web, but to make payment a simple and ⑥_______________ process. However, the same things can go wrong shopping in cyberspace as in the real world. Sometimes it is simply a case of

a computer ⑦______________ or poor customer service. Other times, shoppers are cheated by clever scam artists. Therefore, online shoppers need to take sensible ⑧__________________ to make their online shopping experiences enjoyable and safe.

8.The Internet

The Internet is the most ①________________ progress in the field of communications. Imagine a book that never ends, a library with a million ②________________, or imagine a research project with thousands of scientists working around the ③______________ forever. This is the magic of the Internet. Yet the Internet has the ④_____________ for good and bad. One can find well-organized, information-rich websites. At the same time, one can also find ⑤_________________ websites. Most websites are known as different Internet applications. These include online games, ⑥____________ room and so on. These applications have great power, too. Sometimes, the power can be so great that young people may easily become ⑦__________________ to their attractions. So we need to recognize the ⑧____________________ of the problem. We must work together to use its power for better ends.

9.United Nation Day

The ①_______________ is celebrated as United Nations Day, which is a day that ②________________ to everyone. And it is celebrated in most countries of the world. Some countries celebrated for a week instead of a day. In many parts of the world, schools have special ③_____________ for the day. Boys and girls in some communities ④_________________ a UN tree. In other communities, young people put on plays about the UN. Some libraries ⑤_______________ children’s art works from around the world. Schools celebrate with the songs and dances of other counties or give parties where goods of other countries are ⑥________________. No matter how the day is celebrated, the purpose of these celebrations is to help everyone understand the UN, and the important roles it plays in world ⑦______________. The UN encourages people to learn about other lands and their ⑧_____________. In this way, people c an gain a better understand and ⑨_________________ of peoples all over the world.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c316092300.html,puter

With the development of computer-technology, computers are becoming increasingly popular all over the world. The computer is being used in many ①____________. In industry, business, education, medicine, nearly all ②______________ of life, computers have made their appearance, providing great speed and accuracy for our work. Computers have been used in the home, office, ③__________________ and research institutions, acting as the most ④_______________ and multifunctional instruments for calculating, sorting, filing and recording and distributing. And they have become a ⑤___________ through which we can understand the world better. During the past fifty years, the computer has been rapidly ⑥__________________. Ever since the computer came into being, it has experienced the development of several ⑦________________. The earliest computers were of great size and had no ⑧______________ for the latest electronic computers in speed and accuracy. Now ⑨____________ are being made not only to bring the hardware to ⑩_______________, but also to improve the quality of the software.

11.American Flag

The American flag is composed of thirteen parallel red stripes that alternate with white ones.

A blue-colored rectangle in the upper left ①①_____________of the flag contains fifty white five-pointed stars. They are ②____________ in nine parallel rows where the rows containing six stars each, alternating with rows consisting of ③__________ stars. The stars stand for the fifty states of the United States, while the thirteen stripes celebrate the thirteen ④___________ that rebelled against the British. The flag is popularly accepted as a symbol of ⑤_____________ of the US government and the rights promised to the American citizens through the Bill of ⑥__________. It also represents the principles of individual and personal liberty put forward by the ⑦_________________ of Independence. There is no legal definition for the symbolism of the ⑧____________ used in the American flag. However, it is said that white signifies ⑨_______________, red stands for bravery, and blue for perseverance and ⑩_________________.

12.Culture Shock

Culture shock isn’t a clinical term or ①_______________ condition. It’s simply a common way to describe the ②______________ and nervous feelings a person may have after leaving a ③______________ culture to live in a new and different culture. When you move to a new place, you’re bound to ④___________ a lot of changes. That can be exciting and stimulating, but it can also be overwhelming. You may feel sad, ⑤______________ frustrated and want to go home. It is natural to have difficulty ⑥_____________ to a new culture. People from other cultures may have grown up with ⑦___________ and beliefs that differ from yours. Because of these differences, the things they talk about, the ways they ⑧__________________ themselves and the importance of various ideas may be very different from what you are ⑨____________ to. But the good news is that culture shock is usually ⑩_______________.

13.How to Gain Fluency in Another Language

To gain fluency in another language, many people will tell you the only solution is to travel to a foreign country and ①____________ you completely. This advice may be greatly ②______________ for some people. But for the majority of people, this solution is both inconvenient and ③___________. Thankfully, the Internet has brought us new and exciting ④____________ for communicating in another language. To expand you vocabulary, try reading free articles and ⑤_____________ books in another language. To begin with, reading may be a slow and frustrating ⑥_______________ as you will have to stop to look up the meanings for many unfamiliar words. Before you begin, find an online ⑦______________ that will offer you quick translations. Hearing a language is the ⑧_____________ to learn how to speak it. Popular music downloading sites offer free ⑨___________ files that you can download and take with you wherever you go. And most importantly, one must ⑩_______________ practice speaking the language.

14.Harvard University

Harvard College was established in ①______________. Harvard is American’s oldest institution of higher learning, founded ②______________ years before the Declaration of Independence was signed. The University has grown from nine students with a single master to an enrollment of more than ③_____________ degree candidates, including undergraduates and students in 10 principal academic units. An additional ④_____________ students are enrolled in one or more courses in the Harvard Extension School. Over ⑤_________________ people work

at Harvard, including more than ⑥________________ faculty. There are also ⑦________________ faculty appointments in affiliated teaching hospitals. Our mission, to advance new ideas and ⑧_______________ enduring knowledge, has kept the University young. We strive to create an academic environment in which ⑨________________ students and scholars from around the world are continually challenged and inspired to do their best possible work. It is Harvard’s ⑩______________ efforts that make this university such a vibrant place to live, to learn, to work, and to ⑾_______________.

15.Domestic Violence and Abuse

Domestic abuse occurs when one person in an intimate relationship or marriage tries to ①________________ and control the other person. An abuser doesn’t play ②____________. He or she uses fear, guilt, and shame to ③_________ you down and gain complete power over you. He or she may ④_____________ you, hurt you, or hurt those around you. Domestic abuse that includes ⑤_____________ violence is called domestic violence. Victims of domestic abuse or domestic violence may be men or women, although women are more commonly victimized. Except for the ⑥____________ difference, domestic abuse doesn’t discriminate. It happens within all age ranges, ⑦___________ background, and financial levels. The abuse may occur during a relationship, while the couple is ⑧______________ up, or after the relationship has ended. Despite what many people believe, domestic violence is not ⑨________________ to the abuser’s loss of control over his behavior. Actually, violence is a ⑩______________ choice made by the abuser in order to take control over his wife or partner.

16.Home-schooling

More and more parents are feeling that the schools are not up to a ①_______________ standard required to meet their children’needs. Therefore, home-schooling becomes an appealing ②__________________ for parents who want to remain in control of their children’learning. There are both benefits and ③____________________ to home-schooling a child, but the positives seem to ④_______________ the negatives in the minds of parents. In UK home-schooling has increased in recent years as the ⑤_______________ between the best and worst performing schooling has grown. Parents increasing feel ⑥___________________ from their children’s education, for schools have turned into examination ⑦__________________. In schools, teaching to the test is the norm, instead of allowing children to explore their own ⑧____________________. Schools need to achieve good examination results in order to have their higher status recognized, which obviously has implications for the level of ⑨________________ they receive. Hence, it would almost seem that students are seen as a means to an end, rather than as the whole reason for a school’s ⑩____________________.

17.Freshmen’s Week

Britain has a ①__________________ higher education system and some of the top universities and research institutions in the world. But to those who are new to this system, it can sometimes be ②______________. October is usually the busiest month is the academic ③________________. Universities have something called Freshmen’s Week for their ④________________. It is a great opportunity to make new friends, join lots of clubs and ⑤_____________ into university life. However, having just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind, the prospect of meeting strangers in classrooms and dormitories can be ⑥

_________________. Where do you start? And who should you make friends ⑦____________? Which clubs and society should you join? Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same ⑧________________ as you. They worry about starting their university social life on the right ⑨______________. So just take it all in slowly. Don’t ⑩_______________ into anything that you’ll regret for the next three years.

18.Legal Age for Marriage

Throughout the United States, the legal age for marriage shows some difference. The most common age without parents’①___________ is 18 for both females and males. However, persons who are ②_______________ in their home state can get married in another state, and then return to the home state ③____________ married. Each state ④________________ its own marriage license. Bothe residents and non-residents are ⑤________________ for such a license. The fees and ceremonies ⑥_____________ greatly from state to state. Most states, for instance, have a ⑦_____________ test requirement, but a few do not. Most states permit either a ⑧______________ or religious ceremony, but a few require the ceremony to be religious. In most states a waiting period is required before the license is ⑨______________. This period is from one to five days, depending on the state. A ⑩______________ wait is the most common. In some states there is no required waiting period.

19.Benefits of Being Bilingual

There are a number of language spoken ①__________________ the world. Every person knows in his childhood one language, which he learns at least that is ②__________________ used for speaking and writing. However, many people are ③___________ of learning a second language. It may be another language in the same country or totally different language from another country. Nowadays, many colleges and universities have included some foreign language courses in their regular ④______________ plan. While learning another language, you need to understand d its basic ⑤_______________ and improve vocabulary. There are ⑥_______________ benefits of being bilingual. Being bilingual offers greater sensitivity to language, more ⑦_____________________ in thinking and a better ear for listening. It can improve a person’s understanding for the native language. It can improve one’s general ⑧______________ skills. And also it ⑨_____________________ to other cultures. Moreover, knowledge of other language increases the ⑩______________________, offering several job options.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c316092300.html,ponents of the Writing Process

Some may disagree with this, but ①____________, writing is an art! Writing involves ②____________ thinking and ③______________ expression of one’s thoughts. The writing process is composed of different components that are ④______________ for good writing. First is Mental Capacity: This step is responsible for the thoughts you plan to put on paper. Second, Prewriting: This is the process that helps you find the right word. It involves a ⑤_____________ research on the subject to write on and the gathering of all the information about the subject from every available ⑥______________________________. Third, Systematic Drafting: After you finish gathering the information about your topic, the next step is to draft your writing. The next is Revising: You need to ⑦______________________________ in your draft and also think about the ways to improve your writing. The process of editing is another important component of writing. It is during editing that your writing gets the ⑧_______________________________.

小学组汉字听写大赛题库

小学生汉字听写大赛试题 二字词语： 1、坪坝píng bà：方言中指平坦的场地，多用于地名。 2、蝴蝶hú dié ：昆虫中的一类。 3、妨碍fángài：干扰、阻碍，使事情不能顺利进 4、穿梭chuān suō：像织布的梭子来回活动，形容来往频繁。 5、奚落xī luò ：用尖刻的话诉说别人的短处，使人难堪，讥讽，嘲笑。 6、鸟瞰niǎo kàn：从高处往下看。 7、粗糙cū cāo：(质料)不精细;不光滑。 8、霎时shà shí：极短时间。 9、糟糕zāo gāo：指事情、情况坏得很。 10、魁梧kuí wú：(身体)强壮高大。 11、奢侈shē chǐ：花费钱财过多，享受过分。 12、笼罩lǒng zhào :像笼子似的罩在上面。 13、饶恕ráo shù：不计较过错，宽容，宽恕。 14、馈赠(kuì zènɡ)：赠送(礼品)。 15、玷污(diàn wū )：弄脏。 16、婀娜(ē nuó )：姿态轻柔美好。 17、矫健(jiǎo jiàn )：强壮有力。 18、和蔼( hé ǎi )：态度温和容易接近。 19、徜徉(chánɡ yánɡ)：安闲自在地步行。 20、腼腆(miǎn tiǎn )：因害羞而神情不自然。 21、拖沓(tuo tà)：做事拖拉。 22、脊梁(jǐ liánɡ )：人或动物背上中间的骨头。常被比喻为气节、骨气。 23、崭新(zhǎn xīn )：非常新。 24、钥匙(yào shi )：开锁的器具。 25、咀嚼(jǔ jué )：将食物放在嘴里慢慢地嚼。

26、柳絮(liǔ xù )：柳树种子上面像棉絮的白色绒毛,随风飞散。 27、祈祷(qí dǎo )：也作祷告，一种宗教仪式,信仰宗教的人向神默告自己的愿望。 28、温馨(wēn xīn )：温暖馨香。 29、苏轼(Sū shì )：号“东坡居士”，世称“苏东坡”。北宋诗人、词人，宋代文学家。 30、灿烂：càn làn 光彩鲜亮夺目。 31、胳膊：gē bo 肩以下手腕以上的部分。 32、棋盘qí pán 画有格子等标记，供下棋时摆棋子用的盘，多用木板或纸等制成。 32、旁白：páng bái戏剧角色背着台上其他剧中人对观众说的话。 33、绵亘mián gèn：接连不断(多指山脉)。 34、窈窕yǎo tiǎo：(女子)文静而美好。 35、亢奋kàng fèn ：极度兴奋 36、踱步duó bù：慢步行走 37、和煦héxù : 温暖的阳光 38、酝酿yùn niàng :造酒的发酵过程,比喻做准备工作。 39、曙光shǔ guāng：清晨的日光。 40、慰藉wèi jiè：安慰。 41、斟酌zhēn zhuó：考虑事情、文字等是否可行或是否适当。 42、笨拙bèn zhuó：笨，不聪明，不灵巧。 43、崩溃bēng kuì：完全破坏、垮掉。 44、扁舟piān zhōu：小船。 45、深圳shēn zhèn:位于广东省中南沿海地区，珠江口之东，与香港新界一河之隔。 三字词语： 1、破天荒(pò tiān huānɡ)：从来没有出现过的事。 2、诸葛亮(Zhū ɡě liànɡ )：三国时蜀汉政治家、军事家，足智多谋。 3、展览馆：zhǎn lǎn guǎn 作为展出临时陈列品之用的公共建筑。 4、纪念碑：jì niàn bēi为纪念已故人物或大事件而立的石碑。

四级听力50篇原文1--10

1.Town and Country Life in England There is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others. In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on their own. They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months. 2. A Change in Women’s Life The important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before

英语专业四级听写训练

英语专业四级听写训练54：Cars in the Future As big cars cause many problems,such as pollution, shortage of parking space,crowded traffic,scientists are now trying to design some small cars that may some day replace today’s big automobiles.If more people begin to drive such cars in the future,there will be less air pollution. There will also be more space for parking cars in cities,and the streets will be less crowded.Three such cars can fit in the space that is now needed for one car of the usual size. The little cars will cost much less to own and to drive.Driving will be safer as these cars can only go 60 kilometers per hour. The cars of the future will be fine for driving around the city.However, they will not be suitable for long trips,because these cars by petrol can only go 450 kilometers before needing to stop for refueling 英语专业四级听写训练53：Dining Custom in the USA Dining Custom in the USA Americans, like many people elsewhere in the world, like to invite friends to their homes for an evening of food,drink and conversation. Formal dinners in fine homes and hotels in the US are much the same as formal dinners anywhere in the world. But as most people in the US have no servants,their dinner parties at home tend to be informal. Guests may sit down at a table,or as many new small homes have no separate dining room or very small dining space. Guests can also serve themselves and eat in the living room, holding their plates or trays on their knees. A more enjoyable form of entertainment is the picnic. Americans are great picnickers and almost every family has a picnic basket. Summer invitations are often for a picnic at a park or in the open countryside, and less hamburgers or hot dogs are cooked over a fire. Picnic food is usually cold.

2018年小学生汉字听写大赛题库

最新2018年小学生汉字听写大赛题库 【三年级听写内容】 1、鼓舞gǔwǔ强调某一具体事物,或品德、精神对人的积极影响。 1、坪坝píng bà方言中指平坦的场地。多用于地名。 2、蝴蝶húdi?昆虫中的一类。 4、摇晃yáohuàng 摇摆,晃动。 5、辫子biàn zi 辫子是将成束的头发编织而成的发型。 6、蜜蜂mìfēng 是一种会飞行的群居昆虫,属膜翅目、蜜蜂科。 7、躲避duǒbì①故意离开或隐蔽起来,使人看不见。②离开对自己不利的事物。 8、秦岭qín lǐng 横贯中国中部的东西走向山脉。 9、磨坊m?fáng 亦作“磨房”,磨面粉等的作坊,安装有能将谷物磨成面粉的机器的厂房。 10、妨碍fángài 干扰、阻碍,使事情不能顺利进行。 11、菠萝bōlu?菠萝是一种原产南美洲巴西、巴拉圭的亚马孙河流域一带的热带水果。 12、娇嫩jiāo nan 柔嫩;嫩弱;娇柔。 13、拜望bài wàng (敬辞)探望。 14、苏醒sūxǐng 从昏迷中清醒过来,唤醒;使觉醒,苏醒过来;恢复知觉;醒悟过来;停止胡闹,恢复理性。 【四年级汉字听写内容】

(共50个词语) 1、笑盈盈xiào yíng yíng:形容满面笑容的样子。 2、熬汤āo tāng :用微火炖。 3、穿梭chuān suō:像织布的梭子来回活动,形容来往频繁。 4、人迹罕至r?n jìhǎn zhì:很少有人到过,形容荒凉偏僻。 5、肇事zhào shì:引起事故;闹事。 6、屏息凝视bǐng xīníng shì:忍住呼吸,全神贯注地注视着。 7、奚落xīlu?:用尖刻的话诉说别人的短处,使人难堪,讥讽,嘲笑。 8、蜿蜒wān yán :蛇类爬行的样子;(山脉、河流、道路等)弯弯曲曲地延伸的样子。 9、如怨如诉rúyuàn rúsù:好像在哭泣,又好像在倾诉。 10、毽子jiàn zi :游戏的用具,用布把铜钱或金属片包扎好,然后装上鸡毛。 11、玉玺yùxǐ:君主的玉印。 12、柴扉chái fēi :柴门的意思。 13、针灸zhēn jiǔ:中医的一种疗法,针法和灸法的合称。 14、铿锵有力kēng qiāng yǒu lì:声音有力、响亮而有节奏。 15、搭讪dāshàn :为了想跟人接近或把尴尬的局面敷衍过去而找话说。 16、鸟瞰niǎo kàn:从高处往下看。 17、自惭形秽zìcán xíng huì:原指因自己容貌举止不如别人而感到羞愧。后泛指因不如别人而感到惭愧。

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2020年小学汉字听写大赛试题

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肯改变。 9、甘拜下风[gān bài xià fēng]：表示真心佩服，自认不如。 10、滥竽充数 [làn yú chōng shù]：比喻无本领的冒充有本领，次货冒充好货。 11、义不容辞[yì bù róng cí]：道义上不允许推辞。 12、鞠躬尽瘁[jū gōng jìn cuì] 指恭敬谨慎，竭尽心力。 13、融会贯通[róng huì guàn tōng]把各方面的知识和道理融化汇合，得到全面透彻的理解。 14、谈笑风生[tán xiào fēng shēng] 形容谈话时有说有笑，兴致很高， 15、相得益彰[xiāng dé yì zhāng]指两个人或两件事物互相配合，双方的能力和作用更能显示出来。 16、仗义执言[zhàng yì zhí yán]指能伸张正义。 17、铤而走险[tǐng ér zǒu xiǎn]指在无路可走的时候采取冒险行动。 18、义愤填膺[yì fèn tián yīng]正义的愤恨充满胸中。 19、分道扬镳[fēn dào yáng biāo]比喻目标不同，各走各的路或各干各的事。 20、美轮美奂[měi lún měi huàn]形容房屋高大华丽。 21、罄竹难书[qìng zhú nán shū]形容罪行多得写不完。 22、按部就班[àn bù jiù bān]按照一定的步骤、顺序进行。也指按老规矩办事，缺乏创新精神。

音乐基础教学中的听写训练

音乐基础教学中的听写训练视唱练耳是每一位音乐专业学生的必修课，是每一位有志于音乐的学生走进音乐王国的必由之路。视唱练耳包括“视唱”与“练耳”两项内容。视唱就是“视谱即唱”，即拿到乐谱不做准备就能准确、流畅的演唱出来，练耳就是“训练听觉”，也就是通过听辨、听唱、听写等训练，全面提高对音乐的感知力、记忆力、表现力和鉴赏力。 在听唱练耳的教学中，视唱训练与听觉训练有着密切的关系，而这就像是水和船，“水涨船高”。作为视唱练耳教学中的重点和难点，听写无论在教学还是考试中，都起着举足轻重的作用，应予以足够的重视。近年来，全国大多数音乐艺术院校的视唱练耳考试都加入了听写的内容，下面就来谈谈听写训练。听写就是将听到或记忆到的音乐用乐谱记录下来。听写能力形成的基础是听辨、模唱、及构唱等，因此，在教学中应不间断的加强听辨、模唱及构唱的训练。此外，还应该加强听写训练与乐理知识之间的联系，调动理性思维，进行逻辑分析。有了这些良好的基础后，再进行听写练习就不会感到特别困难了。 一、单音听写训练 通常，教师要在钢琴上弹一个标准A1然后开始听写。为了加深对A音的记忆，可以弹奏记忆不同音区内的A音。每次听写训练开始前唱标准音，逐渐建立绝对音高感。另外，换可以通过背唱一些以A音为主音的旋律来加强对标准音的音

高感。单音训练是音高训练的基础，是基础中的基础，一定要做大量的强化训练。只有这样，才为以后的音程训练、和弦训练及旋律训练等提供依据、条件。 在训练中，要注意贯彻由浅入深、循序渐进的原则。首先在键盘中音区不带升降号的白键上听写，逐渐向两端音区扩展。当能够较熟练地听写出白键上的音之后，就可以按调的五度循环顺序逐渐加进#F、#C、#G、#D及bB、bE、bA、bD等音反复练习。 二、音程听写训练 音程包括旋律音程与和声音程，实际上，单音听写从莫种意义上就是一种旋律音程的听记。音程听写训练可以从旋律音程入手，逐步过渡成和声音程，为和弦听写训练打下坚实的基础。由于这一部分是非常重要但较难掌握的内容，往往很多初学者再此项听写中失误较多，因此掌握此项内容成为听写训练中的关键。只有对不同音程的性质和音响效果非常熟悉，才能听好和声音程。在平时训练中，要切实加强实际训练与听觉分析相结合。在听写和声音程时，可以要求学生在写出音程音位的同时，还要写出音程的性质，以加强感性和理性的认识。 音程听写训练要点： （一）熟悉音程的音调与音响特点 1、大小二度音程。旋律大小二度是常用的音程，是调 式自然音之间的级进连接，是平滑，自然而松弛的，