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模具设计与制造试题二及答案

模具设计与制造试题二及答案
模具设计与制造试题二及答案

模具设计与制造试题二及答案

一、填空题(20分,每空1分)

1.常用的冲压材料主要有、和。

2.冲裁力的大小主要与、以及有关。

3.冲裁凹模的结构形式按其孔侧壁的形状可以分为和。

4.根据拉深顺序可以分为和。

5.外缘翻边按变形的性质,可以分为和。

6.注塑工艺过程一般包括、和三个阶段。

7.注射机标称注射量的表示方法有和两种。

8.在压铸机压铸过程中,压射缸内的压力实际上经过、

和三个阶段。

二、判断题(15分,每题3分)

1.相对弯曲半径大,弯曲变形程度小,则弯曲后的回弹量就小。()

2.拉深系数越小,越易产生拉裂现象。()

3.冲孔时,应以凹模为基准配制凸模。()

4.为了保证铸件质量、提高模具寿命,浇注温度应尽可能高。()

5.弯曲件的回弹主要是因为冲件弯曲变形程度很大所致。()

三、选择题(15分,每题3分)

1.缩口变形区的材料主要受()。

A、两向拉应力

B、两向压应力

C、径向拉应力和切向压应力

D、径向压应力和切向拉应力

2.一般地,以下哪一种注射参数不影响塑件成型尺寸。()

A、开模时间

B、注塑压力

C、保压压力

D、保压时间

3.金属熔体从进入内浇口至充满型腔和溢流槽所需的时间称为()。

A、充型时间

B、增压建压时间

C、保压时间

D、留模时间

4.关于分型面的设计,以下说法正确的是()。

A、为有利于塑件脱模,分型面应使塑件留在有脱模机构的一侧

B、对于有圆弧形状的塑件,尽量使分型面设在圆弧处

C、侧抽芯机构尽量设在定模一侧

D、分型面尽量呈曲面

5.压铸过程中,金属熔体从冲头向前快速运动,高速通过内浇口直至充满型腔,此时熔体流动速度称为()。

A、冲头速度

B、充型速度

C、冲头空压射速度

D、熔体速度

四、简答题(50分)

1.模具制造有哪些特点?(5分)

2.冲压材料一般应符合什么要求?(5分)

3.什么是搭边?它有什么作用?(5分)

4.弯曲回弹的表现形式主要有哪些?影响弯曲回弹的因素主要有哪些?(5

分)

5.影响拉深系数的因素主要有哪几个方面?(5分)

6.影响注塑的工艺性因素有哪些?(5分)

7.注射模具的浇注系统有什么作用?它由哪些部分组成?各部分的作用是什么?(10分)

8.压铸模的溢流槽设计原则是什么?(10分)

试题二答案

一、填空题(20分,每空1分)

1.黑色金属材料、有色金属材料、非金属材料

2.材料的性质、厚度、零件的展开长度

3.直壁式、斜壁式

4.首次拉深模、后次拉深模

5.伸长类翻边、压缩类翻边

6.成型前的准备、注塑过程、塑件的后处理

7.容量、质量

8.充型压力、最终压力、压实压力

二、判断题(15分,每题3分)

1.×

2.√

3.×

4.×

5.×

三、选择题(15分,每题3分)

1.B

2.A

3.A

4.A

5.B

四、简答题(50分)

1.模具制造有哪些特点?(5分)

答:模具制造与其他的机械制造相比,具有以下几个特点:

(1)模具生产具有单件生产属性。

(2)模具形状及加工复杂,加工精度高。

(3)模具生产周期长,成本高。

(4)模具生产的成套性。

(5)模具生产需试模。

2.冲压材料一般应符合什么要求?(5分)

答:一般应符合以下三点要求:

(1)材料应具有良好的塑性

(2)材料应具有较好的表面质量,材料表面应光洁平整,无划伤、气孔、锈斑、分层等缺陷。

(3)材料厚度公差应符合国家标准

3.什么是搭边?它有什么作用?(5分)

答:搭边是指排样时工件之间以及工件与条料侧边之间的余料。搭边可以补偿条料的定位误差、保持条料一定的刚度和强度,有利于保证冲出合格的工件;搭边还可以便于送料。

4.弯曲回弹的表现形式主要有哪些?影响弯曲回弹的因素主要有哪些?(5分)

答:主要表现形式有弯曲半径增大和弯曲角度增大。

影响回弹的主要因素有材料的力学性能、弯曲件的形状、相对弯曲半径、弯曲角和弯曲方式。

5.影响拉深系数的因素主要有哪几个方面?(5分)

答:影响拉深系数的因素主要有材料力学性能、材料相对厚度、拉深次数和模具结构。

6.影响注塑的工艺性因素有哪些?(5分)

答:影响注塑的工艺性因素有注射量、模具填充速度和压力、锁模力、模具温度、成型时间。

7.注射模具的浇注系统有什么作用?它由哪些部分组成?各部分的作用是什么?(10分)

答:浇注系统的作用是将塑料熔体由注塑机喷嘴射入型腔的进料通道。主要由主流道、分流道、浇口和冷料穴组成。主流道主要负责将塑料熔体从喷嘴引入模具;分流道负责将熔体的流向进行平稳的转换,在多型腔模中还起着将塑料熔体向各个模腔分配的作用;浇口可以使经过分流道之后压力和温度都有所下降的塑料熔体产生一个加速度和较大的剪切热,这样可以保证熔体充模;冷料穴的作用是收集每次注射成型时流动熔体前端的冷料头,避免这些冷料进入模具型腔,影响制品成型质量,同时避免这些冷料堵塞浇口。

8.压铸模的溢流槽设计原则是什么?(10分)

答:溢流槽设计原则是:

(1)设计溢流槽时要注意便于从铸件上清除,在去除后尽量不损坏铸件外观。

(2)在溢流槽上开设排气槽时,应合理设计溢流口,避免过早堵塞排气槽。

(3)注意避免在溢流槽和铸件之间产生热节。

(4)不应在同一溢流槽上开几个溢流口,避免金属液产生倒流,使部分金属液从溢流槽流回型腔。

(5)溢流口的截面积应大于连接在溢流槽后面的排气槽截面积。

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