2018高考英语知识点：非谓语动词在写作中的运用.docx

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2018 高考英语知识点：非谓语动词在写作

中的运用

2018 高考英语知识点：非谓语动词在写作中的运用

1.依据上下确定答案的法则：从近几年的完形填空题看，近义词或近义短语的测试力度逐渐加强，并成为测试热

点。四个选项不是词义相近，要不就是近义动词的同一种时态的现象，或名词的单复数搭配。若选项词义差异很大，必然中藏有提示语，正因如此，往往第一个选项有时需要读完全篇短才能准确回答。

2.词语语义与强于语法原则：完型填空题的首句不留空，目的就是告知短的故事的四要素：地点、时间、人物和事由。再则，单纯语法题已基本退出该题型的测试范畴，所以，指导学生时，首先要告知他们这类现象。尽管四个选项的词语都符合语法规则，然而该题的解答必须遵循先全面理解篇语义，再结合正确语言结构对每个空格作出准确无误的抉择。

3.解题四步法原则：

第一步：跳读。带着空格通读全，了解短大意，判别短

体，同时能将会做的题及时解决掉。

第二步：选答。这一步最为关键，要求考生对每一道题

进行认真推敲，但是要告诫他们万万不可按照题的顺序答题，

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对那些不能拿不准的题先跳过去，遵循先易后难的解题原则。

第三步：推敲。这实际上就是要求考生对完形填空短的

篇作通盘考虑，把其中一些需要依据上下语境考虑的比较难

解答的题，以及句子之间和段落之间的逻辑关联较强的认真

推敲，甄别，筛选和抉择。

第四步：复查。这是解答这类题的最后一步，要求考生

解完题之后务必再把通读一遍，从整体上准确把握的真正意

思，及时修改与全有出入的一些选项。

应试技巧一：语境信息解题法：近几年的完形填空题淡化了语法结构性的题，选项重在语意干扰，也就是说，对具体的

语言知识应该融入具体的语境中去考虑，考生应具有

通过上下提示、暗示或铺垫，对篇进行整体上的把握的能力。所以，快速浏览全，迅速领悟篇主旨，通过上下语境选择答

案选项乃解决完形填空的关键。

4)ur __47__ hallenge was t keep the rk ixture

__48__ enugh.

47. A. next B. first . past D. previus

48. A. ld B. wet . lse D. lean

【题解： 47.答案为A项。短前面提到第一个挑战是发

电的问题，那么接下的挑战就是如何保持温度的问题。48.答案为 B 项。从下提到的洒水车等事情，我们可以判断出这

儿应该是“保持湿度”的语意。】

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5)?Still thers faed the str bravely, walking

iles t get t wrk.

I __40__ t be ne f peple n the way t wrk that rning.

I went fr subway line t subway line nly t find that st

__41__ had stpped. After aking y way thrugh rwds f peple,

I finally fund a subway line that was __43__....

40. A. used B. prised . deserved D. happened

41. A. pratie B. rutine . press D. servie

?

43. A. perating B. yling . turning D. rushing

【40. D。从前面一句和本句中ne f peple可知，作者当天上午碰巧也是去上班的人之一；41. D。从上下可知，由于暴大部分地路停运，所以唯有servie符合意； 43. A。从上下的境中我可知道作者最后找

到有一条地在，perating本身含有“ 的”意

思，相当于be n servie。】

6)After the birth f y send hild, I gt a b at a

restaurant. Having wrked with an experiened __36__ fr

a few days, I was __37__ t wait tables n y wn.

All went __38__ that first week

36.A. anager B. assistant . k D. waitress

37.A. prised B. invited . allwed D. advised

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38. A. well B. quikly . safely D. wrng

【36. D 项。根据下“ I was allwed t wait tables n y wn”可以判断，作者是和有经验的女侍者一起工作了几天；

37.项。从上下可知，几天后作者被允许单独做餐饮招待服

务了； 38. A 项。有下可以判断出，她的第一周工作非常顺手，没出意外。】

应试技巧二：语法结构法 : 高考完形填空题基本都是在语境中考查考生对语法知识的掌握程度，单纯考查这类题很少。而在完形填空题中考察语法项目的主要是动词的各种时态、语态和语气、谓语和非谓语形式等。所以这类题需要考生有较为扎实的语法基础知识，能够从句式的结构上辨别出须填相关的关联词、连词、副词、形容词或相应的动词，当然还要考虑到主谓一致的关系等语法知识要点。不过，切记解答这类题，必须是任何空格的语法正确的前提下，再考虑其他方面因素。

7) hen it was 5:00p, I was ready t g he. I was abut t turn ff y puter __49__ I reeived an eail fr Garth,

y Diretr.

A. while

B. when . where D. after

【49. B 项，这儿when 的意思是前面的 when 意思不一样， A 项的 while ust at the ent

无此意，D 项的

，与

after

不符合行为交互逻辑，项完全是错误的。】

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8)“ I have been a slist fr ver ten years. __53__

the dtr thught I was ttally deaf, it didn ’ t __54__ that

y passin uldn’t be realized.

53.A. Hwever B. Althugh . hen D. Sine

54.A. ean B. see . nlude D. say

【53. B项，由第二段的内容以及本句的句意“尽管医

生认为我已经全聋了，但是这并不意味着我的热情会消失。”，故此处应为让步状语从句；54. A 项，由句意可知。】应试技巧三：复现解题法：这类题多为同义词、近义词

和反义词的复现或同义词、近义词和反义词异形复现的形式。

这种测试手法主要是考查考生的整体篇意识和上下推断能

力。

9）In partiular, there was (and perhaps still is)

a belief in fairies. Nt all f these __21__ are the friendly, peple-lving haraters that appear in Disney

fils, and in se flk-tales they are __22__ and ause

uh huan suffering.

21. A. babies B. believes . fairies D. superen

22. A. pwerful B. ruel . frightened D. extrardinary

【21. 项，同义原词的复现； 22. B 项，异形近义词的

复现】

10）n August 26, 1999, New yrk ity was struk by a

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terrible rainstr. The rain aused the streets t

__36__ and the subway syste alst ae t a stp.

36. A. break B. fld . sink D. rash

【36. B，异形近的复】

11）Garth ’s eail was shrt, but I learned re fr that __52__ essage than I ever did fr a textbk.

A. aurate

B. urgent . brief D. hurus

【52. ，异形同的复】

技巧四：固定搭配解法：与法构有

点似，但主要用搭配，究与的搭配，涉及到关

、、副、形容、名和短等。

12) Telling hi that he n lnger needed t eny the but I still needed t write the, I __28__ until the day he graduated.

28. A. held up B. gave up . fllwed D. ntinued

【28. D 。由句意可知，“尽管儿子不愿意再收到我的字条，但是我依然持写到他止。” 道上是一道固定搭配，其构 nt ? until ，但句中没有否定副

nt ，再，若 A、B 两短用于一构中与nt 用，

故不合意；的fllwed及物，后面需加方

可，再 fllwed在此有歧，也不合意，由于ntinue是延性，所以，无需否定副，在一固定搭配中只有

瞬间动词才与nt 连用。】

13) He had spent thse years well, graduating fr

llege, __30__ tw internships( 实习 ) in ashingtn, D., and finally, being a tehnial assistant in Saraent.

30. A. rganizing B. planning . paring D. pleting

【30. D项。大学毕业之后，又实习了两个学期，最后

在萨克拉门托做一名技术助理。这儿指完成实习，故惟有pleting符合题意。】

应试技巧五：逻辑语气解题法：这类题主要是通过分了

解全的人物、时间、地点等信息之后，再分析句子与句子之

间的关系，段落与段落之间的关系解题。这种逻辑语气主要

包含并列、递进、因果、转折和委婉语气等等。这类题的选

项多为连词、副词或具有连词意义的各类短语。

14)All went well that first week. hen Saturday

night ae, I was lukily given the tables nt far fr the

kithen. __40__, I still felt it a little hard t arry

the heavy trays.

40.A.Therefre B. Hwever . therwise D. Finally

【40. B 项。从整篇看，在这儿只是一个转折语气，表

示在前一个星期的顺利，在这一天却遇到了一些麻烦。Therefre是递进语气，finally也属递进语气，但表示是最后一步的语气，多指结论性的行为，不符合题意；therwise

虽属转折语气，但多为推断或假设否定语气，而本所叙述的

是真实事例的呈现，所以，惟有hwever 符合题意。】

15) He had spent thse years well, graduating fr

llege, pleting tw internships(实习) in ashingtn, D.,

and __31__, being a tehnial assistant in Saraent.

D.

31. A. hpefully B. finally. partiularly ertainly

【31. B 项。有上及全句的意思可知，在这儿是作者六

年求学和工作的最后一个环节，表示毕业之后找到了一份工

作，从预期上讲，应该是结论性的，所以，惟有finally

符合题意。】

在进行有关逻辑语气题时，必须要符合原的意思，要瞻

前顾后，审慎分析，细心推断，密切注意相关连词的连用，

注意语气的变化，应从细节着手。

应试技巧六：利用化背景和生活常识解题法：高考完型

填空题的命题形式均为独立的语篇形式，并交织和渗透着各

类相关的常识与化背景知识。这类题主要是考查考生应该把

握的英美国家的化背景知识和生活常识，但是一旦将这些知

识放到具体的场合中进行考查时，有些考生可能就不会灵活

地加以运用他们所学过的知识。因此在解题时，考生所学的

语言知识和其他有关英美国家的化背景知识在考试中都会发

挥重要作用，唯有在无法准确把握语言知识时，可充分利

用所学的社会知识和科普知识进行语境判断。

16)yesterday the sales ffie rang us t say the

ar was __23__.

A. right

B. ready . fixed D. sld

【23. 答案为 B 项。依据生活常识，买车前一般要提前预订，因此这里的意思是销售部打电话通知作者，他们的车已经到了，让他们前去提车。】

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2014---2021年高考语法填空考点汇编（非谓语动词） 1. [2021浙江卷1月] In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 62 (study)had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. 2. [2021浙江卷1月] This maybe due to some disadvantages for people 64 (live) in the countryside. 3. [2020课标I] Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments on board Chang’e-4 ___66___（find）and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. 4. [2020课标II] They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. 5. [2020课标II] They make great gift sand you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 6. [2020课标II] They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents. 7. [2020课标III] The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find)the well-known painter. 8. [2020课标III] And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.

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第五章非谓语动词 【非谓语动词作状语】 一.不定式,分词作状语的基本原则 不定式,分词作状语时,不定式,分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致,即不定式,分词作状语时必须和句子的主语保持一致,即不定式,分词作状语时必须和句子主语含有逻辑上的主动或被动关系,否则一般不能使用不定式,分词作状语. 二.不定式作状语 1.不定式作目的状语 不定式作目的状语的情况比较多,如果强调目的性时,不定式前还可加in order或so as,构成"in order to do"或"so as to do"结构."in order to do"结构作目的状语时,可以放在句首也可放在句中;"so as to do"结构只能放在句中. Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four times a year(so as/in order)to visit her. Bob took down my telephone number so as/in order not to forge t it. 2.不定式作结果状语 不定式作结果状语常用在下列句式中:so...as to;such...as to;...enough to;only to(常表示以外的或事与愿违的结果);too...to等. I'm not so stupid(a fool)as to write it down. Jane hurried back only to find that her mother had left. I'm too tired to stay up longer. 备注:在only too..to结构中,too...to...并非是"太....而不能..."之意.此时,与too..to..搭配的形容词常见的有pleased,ready,willing,glad,happy等. I'm only too glad to have passed the exam. 3.不定式作原因状语 形容词作表语时,后面可接不定式作原因状语,用以说明产生这种情绪的原因.用于这类结构中的形容词常见的有:happy,glad,sorry,anxious,proud,disappointed,angry,surprised,ready,delighted,pleased等. You will never know how happy I was to see her yesterday. 4.在"主语+系动词+表语(形容词)+to do"结构中,句子的主语与动词不定式有逻辑上的被动关系,且形容词表示主语的特征或性质,这时,需用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义.该结构中常用的形容词有:easy,hard,difficult,important,impossible,interesting,pleasant,nice,comfortable,safe,dangerous等. This question is easy to answer. This book is difficult to understand. 三.分词作状语 1.分词作状语时其形式的选择 2.分词作状语的句法功能 分词作状语时,可以表时间,原因,结果，条件,让步，行为方式,伴随状况等.为了强调,还可与 while,when,once,if,unless等连词连用. When offered help,one often says"Thank you"or "It's kind of you".(时间) Separated from other continents for millions of years,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other

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第一部分必修一Module 1 Ⅰ. 完形填空导学号58082016 I had worried myself sick over Simon's mother coming to see me. I was a new __1. C__，and I gave an honest account of the students' work. In Simon's case, tthe grades were awfully low. He couldn't read his own handwriting. __2. D__ he was a bright student. He discussed adult subjects with nearly adult comprehension. His work in no way reflected his __3. A__. So when Simon's mother entered the room, my palms(手掌心) were sweating. I was completely__4. D__for her kisses on both my cheeks. “I came to thank you，”she said, surprising me beyond speech. __5. B__me, Simon had become a different person. He talked of how he__6. B__me, he had begun to make friends, and for the first time in his twelve years, he had__7. D__spent an afternoon at a friend's house. She wanted to tell me how grateful she was for the__8. B__ I had nurtured(培养) in her son. She kissed me again and left. I sat, stunned (惊呆), for about half an hour, __9. D__ what had just happened. How did I make such a life－changing difference to that boy without __10. A__knowing it? What I finally came to __11. A__ several months before, when some students were 12. C reports in the front of the class, Jeanne spoke __13. B__，and to encourage her to raise her voice, I had said, “Speak up. Simon's the expert on this. He is the __14. D__ one you have to convince, and he can't hear you in the __15. C__ of the room. ” That was it. From that day on, Simon had sat up straighter, paid more attention, __16. A__ more, and became happy. And it was all because he __17. C__to be the last kid in the last row. The boy who most needed __18. A__ was the one who took the last seat that day. It taught me the most __19. D__ lesson over the years of my teaching career, and I'm thankful that it came __20. B__and positively. A small kindness can indeed make a difference.

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67. noting 介词后用note 的动词-ing 形式noting 作宾语。 全国卷II A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for 61 (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee —still working 40 hours a week. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement”award, proud Irene declared she had no plans 65 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke. 参考答案： 61. being 介词后用动词-ing 形式作宾语。

2018年高考英语真题分类汇编 专题07 非谓语动词 含答案

专题七非谓语动词 1.【2015·湖南】30.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ________ whether to stay or leave. A. wondering B. wonder C．to wonder D．wondered 【答案】A 【解析】考查非谓语动词.主句的主语she与动词wonder构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用v.-ing形式作伴随状语，故选A.句意：当那个小职员看到一张善良的面孔泛起皱纹并歉意地一笑时，她像生了根一样站在那儿，不知道是走还是留. 【考点定位】考查非谓语动词 【名师点睛】 非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词：done;不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和 完成.非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式.方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了;2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语.方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语.3、判断主被动关系.方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系.4、判断时间关系.方法： 分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时.之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.从本题来看主句的主语she与动词wonder构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用v.-ing形式作伴随状语. 2.【2015·北京】21._____the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. A.Catching. B.Caught. C.To catch. D.Catch 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早.这里逻辑主语是we，空中用不定式作目的状语，表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的.故选C. 【考点定位】考查非谓语动词. 【名师点睛】此题应抓住逻辑主语与从句的关系，然后从句意中看出句子中缺少的成份，可以知道这里用不定式做目的状语，意思是“为了…”，学生需要注意非谓语动词中现在分词、