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8.情态动词练习

情态动词

（一）情态动词的含义：

情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的的态度，认为“可能”，“应当”，“必要”等。

情态动词不能单独作谓语，必须和不带to的动词不定式连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。

（二）几种主要的情态动词：

1. 表示可能的情态动词: may, might, could , can, must,

（1）may , might, could 都可以用来表示可能性，意思是“可能”，“也许”，它既表示现在的可能性，也表示将来的可能性：

They may be waiting at the station.

You’d better take an umbrella. It might rain tonight.

The phone is ringing. It could be Tim.

I haven’t decided where to spend my holidays. I may go to Ireland.

The bus doesn’t always come on time. We might ha ve to wait a few minutes.

它们的否定形式是:

may not, might not 意思是“可能不”

I’m not sure whether I can lend you any money. I may not have enough money.

It might not be true.

Ann may not come to the party tonight. She isn’t well.

（2）may, might, could 后面接 have done 的形式，表示一种过去的可能性，是对过去动作的推测。

He may have left yesterday.

——I wonder why he was in such a bad mood yesterday.

——He may not have been feeling well.

He might have known about it.

Tom could have taken it; he was here along yesterday.

（3）must 也表示比较有把握的推测, 是有一定事实基础之上的判断:

The police are stopping all cars. They must be looking for the escaped prisoner.

The light is on. They must be at home.

You have been traveling all day. You must be very tired.

（4） can 一般用在否定和疑问句中表示可能性.

You ha ve just had lunch. You can’t be hungry already.

They haven’t lived here for very long. They can’t know many people.

That couldn’t be John. I know he’s still out of town.

There is someone outside.——- Who can it be.

Can he still be alive after all these years?

（5）must, can’t , couldn’t 后面可以接 have done 表示对过去的判断.

The phone rang but I didn’t hear it. I must have been asleep.

Jane walked past me without speaking. She can’t have seen me.

You couldn’t have forgotten my name.

Exercise：

1. The restaura nt ________ be very good. It’s always full of people.

2. The restaurant _____ be very good. It’s always empty.

3. ——Where is Bob?

——I’m not sure. He _____________ be having lunch.

4. Ted wasn’t at work last week. He ____________ （ be ） ill.

5. I left my bike outside the house last night and this morning it isn’t there any more. somebody __________ （ take ） it.

6. It rained every day during their holiday, so they _________ （ have ） a very nice time.

7. ——I was surprised that Sar ah wasn’t at the meeting.

——She ____________ （ know ） about it.

8. ——I wonder why Kay didn’t answer the phone.

——She ___________ （be） asleep.

答案：

1. must

2. can’t

3. may/ might/ could

4. must have been

5. must have taken

6. can’t have had

7. might not have known

8. may have been

2. must , have to

（1）must 表示义务，或强制。

If you can’t finish the book by then, you must come and renew it.

I must remember to write home.

Passengers must cross the road by the footbridge.

（2）mustn’t 意思是不许可，不应该

You mustn’t take photographs in here. It’s forbidden.

——May I borrow this magazine?

——No, you mustn’t.

（3）needn’t 用来表示没有做…事的必要.

You can come with me if you like but you needn’t come if you don’t want to.

We’ve got plenty of time. We needn’t hurry.

I can manage the shopping alone. You don’t need to come with me.

（4）have to 也可以表示应该、必须，但 must 多表示主观意志， have to 往往强调客观需要。而且 have to 可以用在各种不同的时态。

You can’t turn right here. You have to turn left.

My eyesight isn’t very good. I have to wear glasses for reading.

George can’t come out with us this evening. He has to work.

We had to return home at 4 o’clock yesterday.

You will have to come tomorrow.

She doesn’t have to work on Sund ays.

What do I have to do to get a licence?

Exercise：

1. We have enough food at home so we ____________ go shopping today.

2. There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You __________ decide now.

3. You really ______ work harder if you want to pass the examination.

4. We couldn’t rep air the car ourselves. We ____________ take it to a garage.

5. This is a valuable book. You ______________ look after it carefully and you ___________ lose it.

6. Julia wears glasses. She ______ wear glasses since she was very young.

答案：

1. don’t have to

2. needn’t/ don’t have to

3. had to

4.had to

5. must , mustn’t

6. had to

3. 表示能力的情态动词can, could, be able to

（1）can , could 表示能力，通常指由体力、知识、技能等所产生的能力，也可以表示由于客观原因而形成的能力。

We can see the lake from our bedroom window.

Can you speak any foreign languages?

I’m afraid I can’t come to the party on Friday.

We can’t afford to pay the bill.

（2）could 为 can 的过去式

When we went into the room, we could smell something burning.

She could speak three languages before she was eighteen.

（3）be able to 也可以用来替代 can

Helen is able to read well even though she is only three.

I had some free time yesterday, so I was able to write a few letters.

（4）如果表示特定的能力时，应该用 be able to，而不用 can/could。 The fire spread through the building quickly but everybody was able to escape.

They didn’t want to come with us at first but we managed to persuade them.

Exercise：Fill in the blanks：L

1. My grandfather was a very clever man. He _________________ speak five languages.

2. They didn’t want to come with us at first but we ________ persuade them.

3.. Laura had hurt her leg and ______ walk very well.

4. A girl fell into the river but fortunately we _______ rescue her.

5. I used to _________ stand on my head but I can’t do it now.

6. I looked very carefully and I _________ see a figure in the distance.

答案：

1. could

2. were able to

3. couldn’t

4. were able to

5. be able to

6. could

4. should , ought to 表示应该, 有责任, 义务做某事.

（1）should用来提出建议，劝告。

You look tired. You should go to bed.

The government should do more to help homeless people.

You shouldn’t believe everything that he said.

Margaret should pass the exam. She’s been studying very hard.

（2）should 可以用来表示推测，表示某事不太对头或像我们想象的那样： I enjoyed her first novel, so the new one should be good.

The boys shouldn’t be playing football at this time. They should be at school.

（3）ought to 可以用来替代，表示建议，劝告，应该做某事，或推测。

注意：后接 do, ought to do

否定形式为: ought not to do,

Do you think I ought to apply for this job?

Jack ought not to go to bed so late.

She’s been studying hard for the exam, so she ought to pass.

Ought I to go?

（4）should, ought to 后可以接 have done 的形式，用来表示应该做而没有做的事，意思是本应该。

It was a great party last night. You ought to have come.

You should have asked my permission first.

I’m feeling sick. I shouldn’t have eaten so much chocolate.

They ought to have finished the work by the end of the last week. Exercise：

1. We don’t see you enough. You ________ （come） and see us more often.

2. I’m sorry that I didn’t take your advice. I ____________ （do）what you said.

3. We lost the match ,but we ________________ （ win） . We were the better team.

4. Sir, you ____________ （sit）in this room. It is for women and children only.

5. I think you ________________ （listen） to him. He knew what he was talking about.

答案：

1. should come

2. should / ought to have done

3. should have won

4. shouldn’t be sitting

5. should have listened

5、will，would

1）表示意志，决心或愿望。例如：

Surely we will support all the people in the world in their struggle for peace.

我们一定要支持全世界人民争取和平的斗争。

He would not let me try it . 他不肯让我去试。

2）will表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性，would表示过去的习惯行为。

He will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.

他会经常一连几个小时坐在那儿观看来往的车辆。

He would come to see me when he was in Beijing. 他在北京时，常来看望我。

3）用于第二人称作主语的疑问句中，表示对对方的请求，would的语气比will委碗would/will you kindly tell me the way to the station? 请问到火车站怎么走？

巩固练习

（） 1. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack ______ be here at any moment.

A. must

B. need

C. should

D. can

（） 2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone __________ get out.

A. had to

B. would

C. could

D. was able to

（） 3. I was really anxious about you. You ______ home without a word.

A. mustn’t leave

B. shouldn’t have left

C. couldn’t have left

D. needn’t leave

（） 4. ——I hear you’ve got a set of Australian coins . _______ I have a look?

—— Yes, certainly.

A. Do

B. May

C. Shall

D. Should

（） 5. A left-luggage office is a place where bags _____ be left for a short time, especially at railway station.

A. should

B. can

C. must

D. will

（） 6. —— _______ the cooking myself at this time?

——Yes, you __________________ .

A. Ought I do, you need

B. Ought I not do, need

C. I ought do, must

D. Ought I to do; ought to （） 7. Young people ______ learn how to use computers.

A. would

B. could

C. should

D. must

（） 8. You _____ your lesson over the weeke nd, but you didn’t.

A. would study

B. didn’t study

C. had not

studied D. should have studied

（） 9. ——Will you stay for lunch?

——Sorry, I ______ . My sister is coming to see me.

A. mustn’t

B. can’t

C. needn’t

D. won’t

（） 10. ——May I speak to Miss Liu?

—— Sorry, you _____ . She is having a class now.

A. needn’t

B. mustn’t

C. may not

D. oughtn’t

（）11. ——There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.

—— It ________ a comfortable journey.

A. can’t be

B. shouldn’t be

C. mustn’t have been

D. couldn’t have been

（） 12. Jack _______ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me.

A. mustn’t have arrived

B. shouldn’t have arrived

C. can’t have arrived

D. need not have arrived

（）13. Sorry I’m late. I _____________ have turned off the

alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.’

A. might

B. should

C. can

D. will

（） 14. My sister met him at the grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,

so he _________ your lecture.

A. couldn’t have attended

B. needn’t ha ve attended

C. mustn’t have attended

D. shouldn’t have attended

（） 15.She _______ the film. She knows nothing g about it.

A. can’t see

B. can’t have seen

C. must see

D. mustn’t ha ve seen

（） 16 He ____ rather stay at home than go to the cinema with you.

A. should

B. might

C. would

D. had

better

（） 17. —— Do you still remember the day when we went to the Great

Wall?

——I can’t r emember it well, but _____ sometime last

autumn .

A. might it be

B. could it have been

C. could it be

D. must it have been

（） 18. ——Do you think he will do me a favor?

—— As far as I know, he is the last one to help others. He _____

be prepared to give you a hand, though.

A. might

B. must

C. can

D. should

（）19 —— It is rather cold here. Shall we light a fire?

—— No, we _____ because things are easy to catch fire.

A. won’t

B. can’t

C. mustn’t

D. needn’t

（） 20. Very loud noise ______ make people ill or drive them mad.

A. should

B. can

C. need

D. must

（） 21. Mr Bush is on time for everything. How _____ it be that

he was late for the opening ceremony?

A. can

B. should

C. may

D. must

（）22. Oh, Janne, you’ve broken another glass. You ought _____ when you washed it.

A. be careful

B. to care

C. have cared

D. to have been careful

【参考答案】

1. C

2. D

3. B

4. B

5. B

6. D

7. C

8.D

9.B 10. B

11. D 12. C 13. A 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. A 19.C 20. B

21. A 22. D

1. I lived with my sister this summer and didn’t have to pay rent. So I ____ save most of my

salary.

A. could

B. would

C. was able to

D. should

2. --- Look , John’s fallen asleep.

--- Oh, he ______ too late last night.

A. might sit up b. should have sat up c. could sit up D. must have sat up

3. On Sundays when I was a child , Father and I ____ get up early and go fishing.

A. could

B. would

C. might

D. should

4. --- Many people in England love to give advice on weather reporting.

--- Yes, but I think the weather office’s computers ___ be more accurate. (精确的)

A. can

B. must

C. ought to

D. might

5. --- Are you still going to Shanghai for the Spring Festival?

--- Yes, but I really ____ because I have a lot of things to deal with.

A. can’t

B. mustn’t

C. won’t

D. shouldn’t

6. –Well, I forgot to bring my dictionary here yesterday.

-- Actually you ____ it here. You were not allowed to use it.

A. needn’t bring

B. needn’t have brought

C. didn’t need to bring

D. don’t have to bring

7. --- Shall I book the table for the dinner?

---Yes, you____. The restaurant is always full of people.

A. can

B. will

C. must d. need

8. The poor boy ____ the test again; in that case, his mother will be very disappointed.

a. must have failed B. might fail C. could have failed D. should fail

9. --- Why ____ it rain now? I ___ go to the concert at 7.

--- What a pity!

A. can; might not

B. should; needn’t

C. must; can’t

D. need; mustn’t

10. -- We need some fresh air, but the window open.

-- _____I help you ?

A. didn't; Will

B. shan't; Need

C. mustn't ; May

D. won't; Shall

11. -- What do you think of your nephew?

-- He be very naughty but at the same time you __ help liking him.

A. will; will b. won’t ; can’t C. may; may D. can; can’t

12. It was not possible that she____ go down, step by step down the unexpected stairs into the dark below.

A. should dare

B. should dare to

C. must dare

D. must dare to

13. --- I am told that John had another car accident this morning.

--- I believe not. He ____ so careless.

A. shouldn’t have been

B. wouldn’t have been

C. couldn’t have been

D. mustn’t have been

14. ---You ought to have given them some advice.

---____, but who cared what I said?

A. So I ought

B. So ought I

C. So I did

D. So did I

15．---Write to me when you get home.

--______.

A.I must

B. I should

C. I will

D. I can

16. Shut your mouth. Nothing ___ stop me once I have made up my mind.

A. will

B. ought to

C. shall

D. must

17. Keep up a good state of mind even if you _____fail plenty of times.

A. must

B. will

C. can

D. should

18. The policeman told the pupils. “You ____ play football in the street.”

A. can’t

B. needn’t

C. mustn’t

D. shouldn’t

19. If you ___ wait a moment, I will go and find our manager.

A. can

B. should

C. will

D. must

20. Don’t believe him. His story ___ be true.

A. mustn’t

B. needn’t

C. shouldn’t

D. may not

情态动词：CDBCD CCBCD DBCCC CDCCD

情态动词练习题带答案

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人教版英语英语情态动词专项练习经典含答案

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仁爱版八年级情态动词专题

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情态动词练习题答案

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Ⅰ. 单项选择(45%) 1.I thought you like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A.may B.might C.c ould D.must 2.You to the meeting this afternoon if you ha ve something important to do. A. needn't to come B. don't need come C. don't need coming D. needn't come 3. He you more help, even though he was very busy. A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give 4.─I help you with some shoes, madam? ─ Yes, I would like to try on those brown ones. A. Will B. Should C. May D. Must 5. The reason why they leave wasn't explained t o us. A. had B. had to C. must D. might

6. I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. I thought I it at home. A. left B. have left C. might have left D. coul d hav e left 7. I asleep because it took me a long time to realize t hat the telephone was ringing. A. could have fallen B. should have fallen C. must have fallen D. mustn't have fallen 8. The only thing that really matters to the children is ho w soon they return to their school. A. can B. must C. have to D. ought to 9. I want to go to the chemist's, but you go wi th me. A. need not B. must not C. need D. must 10. I thought it over, but come to no conclusion. A. can B. could C. should D. would

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情态动词情态动词：表示说话人语气的单词。不能单独做谓语，只能和动词原形（有时候也说不加to的动词不定式）一起构成谓语。 1、情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后面跟的动词须用原形，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not"。 eg: She can sing an English song. We should do our homework right now. I can’t speak English very well. 2、情态动词的用法（1）Can的用法 ①表示体力或脑力方面的“能力” Can you drive?你会开车吗？ Can you speak English?你会说英语吗？ ②表示客观条件允许 You can skate on the lake.(The ice is thick enough.) 你可以在湖面上滑冰了（冰层够厚的了） The airplane can take off now.(The storm has stopped.) 飞机可以起飞了（暴风雨停了） You can’t park your car here.你不能在此停车例1： The work is too hard for him. He __________ finish it on time. A. can't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't ③can用在否定句和疑问句中时，有时表示说话人的怀疑，惊异、猜测或不肯定： no, no, it can’t be true.不，不，这不可能是事实 How can you be so careless!你怎么会这么粗心 He can’t be in the library。他现在不会在图书馆例2：—Who’s singing in the next room? —It ____ be Mary. She has gone to New York. A.can’t B. must C. shouldn’t D. can 注意： can 和 be able to在表示能力这一点是同义词，通常可以通用 I can speak English.=I am able to speak English. 但在针对过去情况时，两者的区别意义明显，不可混用。在过去情况下，主语“潜能”的实施与否，两者有区别。比较： 1）We could save his life. 我们有办法救活他。（但未必实施） 2）We were able to save his life. 我们得以救活他。（付诸实施）句1）只表示主语有救人的能力，但未必实施；句2）则表示主语非但有救人的能力，而且已成功实施了。但在否定句式中，因为表示主语“无能力”，所以不存在能力的实施问题。这时，两者意义统一，可以通用。例如： I couldn’t/wasn’t able to pass the exam.我没能考及格。 He couldn't/wasn't able to live to see his country reunited.

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