【英语】情态动词专项练习题

【英语】情态动词专项练习题

一、单项选择情态动词

1． ---Is Jack on duty today?

---It ________ be him. It's his turn tomorrow.

A．mustn't B．won't C．can't D．needn't

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词表示推测。句意：--今天杰克值日吗？--不可能是他。明天该轮到他。can’t be 用于否定推测“不可能是”，must表示推测的时候，表示“肯定是”，won’t不愿意，needn’t 不必，故选C。

2．--- Oh, my God! I just missed the last bus back home.

--- That’s really bad. I’m sure you ______ it, but you just didn’t hurry up.

A．had caught B．could have caught C．could catch D．can catch

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：——哦,我的上帝!我刚好错过了回家的末班车。——这是非常糟糕的。我肯定你能赶上，但你就是不抓紧。could have done“本来能做而没有做”。故选B。

3．—I have something important to tell John. But I can’t find him.

—His cell phone is here, so he ________ have gone too far.

A．mustn’t B．needn’t

C．wouldn’t D．can’t

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：——我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。——他的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能……，用can’t have done。故选D。

4．— Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window?

— Well, if you __________. I can put on more clothes.

A．can B．may

C．must D．shall

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：-不好意思，我把窗户打开你介意吗?- 好吧，如果你必须这么做的话。我可以多穿点衣服。A. can能够；B. may可能；C. must一定；必须；D. shall会；将。must表示偏要，必须要做的事情，故选C。

5．It wasn’t right to me that such near neighbors not know one another.

A．could B．would

C．should D．might

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：对我来说，很不正常，如此近的邻居居然不认识。A. could可能，能够；B. would将；C. should竟然；D. might可能，也许。should 作为情态动词，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的，常常译为"竟会"、"居然"，住的这么近的邻居居然不认识。表示意外，所以答案选C。

【点睛】

should的用法

1、should 作为情态动词,通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务,译作“应该”、“应当”,这时它可以和 ought to, be supposed to 互换使用.例如：You should （= ought to ） tell your mother about it at once.

2、should 作为情态动词,可以用在条件状语从句中,表示语气较强的假设,译作“万一”、“竟然”,这时也可将 should 置于从句之首,即将 should 放在主语前面,而省略从属连词 if。例如：If you should fail to come, ask Mrs Chen to work in your place. （= Should you fail to come, ask Mrs Chen to work in your place. ）

3、should 作为情态动词,可以表示谦逊、客气、委婉之意,译为“可……”、“倒……”。例如：I should say that it would be better to try it again.

4、should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的.尤其在以 why, who, how 等开头的修辞疑问句或某些感叹句中常常译为“竟会”、“居然”。例如：How should I know it ? 我怎么会知道这件事?

5、should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示有较大可能实现的猜测、推论,通常译为“可能”、“总该……吧”,相当于 be expected to 。例如：They should be home by now, I think. 我想现在他们总该到家了吧。

6、should 作为情态动词,用在由 so that, for fear that, lest 引导的目的状语从句和 in case （that）引导的条件状语从句中,有“能够”、“可能”、“会”之意。例如：They got up early so that they should （= could/ might） catch the first bus in time.

7、should 作为情态动词,可以用于下列虚拟语气句中：

(1）用在表示与将来事实相反的条件状语从句中,构成“ If …… should （do sth）……, …… would/ could/ might （do sth.）…… ”句式。

(2) 用在 suggest （propose）, arrange, plan, decide, advise, order, demand, request, desire,

insist 等表示“建议”、“要求”、“命令”、“决定”、“安排”、“计划”、“主张”的动词后面接的宾语从句中。这里的 should 也可以省略。

本句中should 作为情态动词，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的，常常译为"竟会"、"居然"，住的这么近的邻居居然不认识。表示意外，所以答案选C。

6．Lack of sleep _______ lead to weakened immunity and memory, and also slow physical growth.

A．shall B．must C．should D．can

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：睡眠不足会导致免疫力和记忆力下降，还会减缓身体发育。A. shall将；B. must必须；C. should应该；D. can会，表示理论上或是逻辑判断上，用can，故选D。

7．—________ the woman with the baby come over? We have a seat here.

—Thank you, sir. Actually I do have my seat here. But my baby likes to look out of the window. A．Would B．Shall

C．Must D．May

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：——那位抱小孩的女士，要不来这边吧?这儿有个座位。——谢谢，实际上我有座位的，只是我的孩子喜欢看窗外。would表示婉转的请求，征求对方的意见，Shall提问一般只用于第一人称，我们常说Shall I.或者 Shall we；may表示请求对方允许。故选A。

【点睛】

would的用法

1.would 最常见的用法是：相对于一个过去时间点的后来“将要”做什么，比如：He said he would meet me at the station. 他说他会在车站接我的。这句中的 would meet 是相对于 said （过去说）之后要做的事情。又如：She thought she would have to ask someone for help. 她当时想，她得找个人帮忙。

8．The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ________ get a big prize.

A．must B．could

C．would D．shall

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词的用法。句意：新开业的超市宣布，开业当天首先购物的人会得到大奖。shall 用于二三人称的陈述句中可以表示说话人的承诺，命令，警告等，此处表示超市的承诺，故选D。

9．— Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the nearest Wenfeng Supermarket?—OK, It’s two blocks straight ahead. You ________ miss it.

A．can’t B．mustn’t

C．needn’t D．wouldn’t

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：——劳驾，你能告诉我最近的Wenfeng Supermarket怎么走吗?——好的，一直往前走两个街区就到了。你不会错过的。A. can’t不可能；B. mustn’t禁止，不允许；C. needn’t不必；D. wo uldn’t不会。故选A。

10．—I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there?

—I __________. But my car ___________ .

A．would; was fixed B．would have; was fixed

C．would have; was being fixed D．did; was being fixed

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意：---我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢？---我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情，应该用would have done；而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候，表示过去正在进行的动作，故答案选C。

11．My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he ______ your lecture. A．shouldn’t have attended B．couldn’t have attended

C．mustn’t have attended D．needn’t have attended

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考查情态动词用法。Shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；couldn’t have done不可能做某事（对过去情况的推测）；needn’t have done本不需要做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；句意：我的姐姐昨天下午在街上遇见了他，所以他不可能去听了你的演讲。故B正确。

考点：考查情态动词用法

点评：考本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某

事。should have done 本应该做而实际未做。can’t have done 过去不可能做了某事；shouldn’t have done 本不应该做而实际做了。 need have done 本有必要做某事；needn’t have done 本没有必要做某事；注意没有mustn’t have done的形式。

12．Our English teacher is considerate，helpful，and warm-hearted，but sometimes

she________________ be angry at our silly mistakes.

A．should B．must

C．can D．shall

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：我们的英语老师很体贴、乐于助人、热心肠，但有时她可能为我们愚蠢的错误而发火。can表示一种客观的可能性，但不一定会发生，故C项正确。

13．Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I ________ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.

A．should have done B．need have done C．would have done D．must have done 【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done。句意：坦率地说，我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这件事，这看起来很奇怪和可笑。A. should have done表示本应该做某事，而实际上没有做某事；B. need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做；C. would have done虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”；D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”。由“in the old days”可知，本句表示对过去事情的假设。故选C项。

14．They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they __________to our help.

A．would have come B．could come

C．have come D．had come

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：本句考查的是一个含蓄的虚拟条件句，句中的or相当于if they had not gone abroad.因为前面句中使用的是were，说明这个虚拟语气是与过去事实相反，所以主句中使用的是“情态动词+have done”的形式。句意：当我们在做调查的那几个月里，他们一直在国外，否则的话他们早就来帮助我们了。故A正确。

15．—I feel a little nervous.

—Take it easy. You __________ have difficulty passing the exam when you have prepared for it well.

A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．may not D．shouldn’t

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：——我觉得有点紧张。——不要着急。当你准备充分时，通过考试应该不会有困难。A. mustn’t禁止，不允许；B. needn’t不必；C. may not可能不会；D. shouldn’t不应该。结合句意可知答案为D。

16．According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one _____ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies.

A．can B．shall C．will D．may

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：根据最新发行的关于网络视频服务的规章，任何人都不可以使用此类技术生成、发行或者传播虚假消息。A. can 能够，有时会；B. shall 一三人称表示征求对方意见；二三人称陈述句，表示允诺、威胁、恐吓或法律条文的规定。C. will 意愿；D. may 也许，可能。根据前面的regulation（规定）可知，本题选shall更加合理。故选B。

17．We ________ take clean drinking water for granted. One day we may run out of it. A．needn't B．can't

C．won't D．shouldn't

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：我们不应该把拥有洁净的饮用水看作是理所当然的。也许有一天，我们会用完它。shouldn't“不应该”，符合句意。needn't不必；can't不可能；won't将不。故选D。

18．Students ____ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected according to the regulation.

A．would B．shall C．will D．could

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：学生们必须呆在自己的座位上，直到所有的试卷都被收回。根据句

意，“学生们呆在自己的座位上”是一项规定。shall 可表示某种规定或义务，用于第二、三人称的句子中。而其他情态动词无此用法。故正确答案为B。

19．-–Mary knows the city quite well.

--She______ well have been there before.

A．need B．could C．should D．may

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：——Mary非常了解这个城市。——她肯定以前在那里呆过。may have done过去可能做过某事。表示对过去的肯定猜测。need have done本需要做某事却没做；could have done本可以做某事却没做；should have done本应该做某事却没做。故选D。

20．—Where is my dictionary?I remember I put it here yesterday.

—You___it in the wrong place.

A．must put B．should have put

C．might put D．might have put

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：——我的词典在哪里？我记得昨天放在这里了。——你或许放错了地方。“might have +动词+ed形式”表示过去可能完成的动作。根据所提供的情景Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.可判断出把词典放在某个地方发生在过去，所以要用“might have +动词+ed形式”。“should have + 动词+ed形式”表示“(过去)本来应该做某事”。must意为“一定”，是肯定的推测，与所提供的情景的矛盾。might put表示现在发生的事。故选D。

21．I use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.

A．couldn't B．mustn't

C．shouldn't D．needn't

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：考查情态动词辨析。A不可能；B禁止，千万不能；C不应该；D不需要；句意：我不需要使用闹钟叫醒我，因为每天早上六点都有一列火车经过我的家旁边。根据句意可知我不需要使用闹钟。故D正确。

考点：考查情态动词词义辨析

22．I ______ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.

A．ca n’t B．mustn’t C．daren’t D．needn’t

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：我没有必要担心我的周末，我总是在周末到来之前做好计划。A. can’t 不可能;B. mustn’t禁止;C. daren’t不敢; D .needn’t没有必要。由“I always have my plans ready before it comes ”可知，needn’t “没有必要” 符合句意。故选D。

23．The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed.

A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t

C．wouldn’t D．mightn’t

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：无论她怎么使劲推，门就是打不开。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. couldn’t 不能够；C. wouldn’t不愿意；D. mightn’t可能不。will及其过去式would均可表示一种倾向性、习惯。故选C。

24．--- Difficulties always go with me!

--- Cheer up! If God closes door in front of you, there be a window opened for you.

A．must B．would

C．could D．can

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：——困难总是伴随着我！——高兴点! 如果上帝在你面前关上了门，一定有一扇窗户为你打开。A. must必须；B. would将要；C. could能，会；D. can能，会。must表示对现在的状态推测时，意为“一定”，表示可能性很大的推测。符合语境。故选A。

【点睛】

1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为"一定"。

2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时， must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。

3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must 要接完成式。

4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must 后面要接完成进行式。

5) 否定推测用can't。

本句中的。must表示对现在的状态推测时，意为一定，表示可能性很大的推测。符合第2点用法。

25．AI will surely be a feature of future life, but it _____ be used responsibly and in a proper way. A．can B．need C．must D．will

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：人工智能肯定会成为未来生活的一个特征，但必须以负责任的方式和适当的方式使用它。A. can能够；B. need需要；C. must必须；D. will将会。此处为情态动词的一般用法，结合句意表示“必须”，故选C。

26．--Is Jack still in hospital?

--Yes. He _________ the bad food.

A．wouldn’t eat B．shouldn’t eat

C．wouldn’t have eaten D．shouldn’t have eaten

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意;--杰克孩子医院吗？--是，他本不应该吃坏的食物的。因为是过去吃了坏食物，所以排除AB，这里的shouldn’t have done表示“过去本不应该做而做了”，wouldn’t have done过去本不会做而做了，所以选D。

考点：考查情态动词和虚拟语气

27．--- I called you last night, but no one answered.

--- Sorry, I _______ sleeping.

A．must have done

B．would have been

C．must be

D．could be

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：—昨晚我给你打电话了，但没人接。—对不起，我一定是睡着了。分析可知，前文提及打电话无人应答，后文解释原因：肯定睡着了。情态动词must可用于must be+v-ing 表示“过去肯定在做某事”，符合句意要求。故选C项。

28．-- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.

---Thanks. You _______ it. I could manage it myself.

A．needn’t do B．shouldn’t have done C．mustn’t do D．needn’t have done

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意: ---凯瑟琳，我已经为你打扫了房间。 - - -谢谢。你本不必这么做的。我自己能行。A. needn’t do不必做某事；B. shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事； C. mustn’t do禁止做某事；D. needn’t have done本不必做某事。由“Thanks. I could manage it myself”可知，needn’t have done“ 本不必做某事，而实际上做了某事”符合句意。故选D 项。

29．—What does the sign over there read？

—“No person___smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.”

A．will B．may

C．shall D．must

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：---那边的牌子上写的是什么?---任何人不得在本地区吸烟或携带点燃的香烟、雪茄或烟斗。A. will表示现在的意志、愿望等，意为要，希望； B. may表示许可，或用于请求许可，意为可，可以；C. shall在陈述句中用于第二人称或第三人称，表示说话者的意志、命令、约定、决心、警告、威胁、预言等，意为必须，应该，要，得，给； D. must意为必须, 要,应当。分析句意可知，词句表示任何都不准在这个区域吸烟或携带点着的香烟、雪茄或烟斗。故选C项。

30．—Can I pay the bill by check?

—Sorry，sir．But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _____ be made in cash．

A．shall B．need

C．will D．can

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考察情态动词用法。句意：——我能用支票付账吗?——对不起,先生。但这是我们酒店的管理规定,支付要用现金。shall可以表示命令，警告，强制，或者指规则和法律要求做的事情。本题正是考察了shall表示按照规则和法律要求做的事情。故A正确。

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