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高级英语修辞手法

高级英语修辞手法
高级英语修辞手法

Unit 10: Antithesis(对偶句)

[2012-3-12 23:19:30]

Antithesis(对偶句)

Figure of balance in which two contrasting ideas are intentionally juxtaposed, usually through parallel structure; a contrasting of opposing ideas in adjacent phrases, clauses, or sentences.

1) "He is no fool who gives what he cannot keep to gain that which he cannot lose" -- Jim Elliot

2) Lloyd Braun: "Serenity now; insanity later." -- from Seinfeld episode "The Serenity Now"

3) "It has been my experience that folks who have no vices have very few virtues." —Abraham Lincoln

4) "It can't be wrong if it feels so right" —Debbie Boone 5)"One small step for a man, one giant leap for all mankind." 6)"Love is an ideal thing, marriage a real thing." (Goethe)

7) "Hillary has soldiered on, damned if she does, damned if she doesn't, like most powerful women, expected to be tough as nails and warm as toast at the same time." (Anna Quindlen, "Say Goodbye to the Virago."

8)"I would rather be ashes than dust! I would rather that my spark should burn out in a brilliant blaze than it should be stifled by dryrot. I would rather be a superb meteor, every atom of me in magnificent glow, than a sleepy and permanent planet. The proper function of man is to live, not to exist. I shall not waste my days

in trying to prolong them. I shall use my time." (Jack London)

9) "Everybody doesn't like something, but nobody doesn't like Sara Lee." (advertising slogan)

10) "We must learn to live together as brothers or perish together as fools." (Martin Luther King, Jr., speech at St. Louis, 1964)

11) "You're easy on the eyes. Hard on the heart." (Terri Clark)

12) "The more acute the experience, the less articulate its expression." (Harold Pinter)

Unit 10: Transferred Epithet and Oxymoron

[2012-3-12 23:18:43]

Transferred Epithet:修饰语移位

A transferred epithet, is the trope or rhetorical device in which a modifier, usually an adjective, is applied to the "wrong" word in the sentence. The word whose modifier is thus displaced can either be actually present in the sentence, or it can be implied logically. The effect often stresses the emotions or feelings of the individual by expanding them on to the environment.

For example:

1) "On the idle hill of summer/Sleepy with the flow of streams/Far I hear..." (A.E. Housman, A Shropshire Lad) — idle hill... sleepy is a hypallage: it is the narrator, not the hill, who exhibits these features.

2) "The plowman homeward plods his weary way, / And leaves the world to darkness and to me" (Thomas Gray, "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard") — Weary way is a hypallage: it is the plowman, not the way, that is weary.

3) "Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time" -Wilfred Owen, Dulce et Decorum est

4) "restless night" — The night was not restless, but the person who was awake through it was.

5) "happy morning" — Mornings have no feelings, but the people who are awake through them do.

6) "female prison" — Prisons do not have genders, but the people who are inside them do.

7) "condemned cell" — It is not the cell that is condemned, but the person who is inside it.

8) "careless error" — The error is not careless, but the person who commits it is.

9) "distracted driving" — The driving is not distracted, but the person doing it is

Oxymoron (矛盾修辞格):

A rhetorical figure in which incongruous or contradictory terms are combined, as in a deafening silence and a mournful optimist.

在两个自相矛盾的修饰语中,第一个修饰语往往表达的是本质的东西,而第二个是表面的东西,或者说第一个是essential (fundamental) meaning, 第二

个是literal meaning.

这里提供一些网址,同学们可以在网上查询更多例子:

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/d35143367.html,/

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/d35143367.html,/oxym_example.html

that you have not mocked.

Ridicule, mock, taunt twit, deride These verbs refer to making another the butt of amusement or mirth. Ridicule implies purposeful disparagement: “My father discouraged me by ridiculing my performances” (Benjamin Franklin) To mock is to poke fun at someone, often by mimicking and caricaturing speech or actio ns: “Seldom he smiles, and smiles in such a sort/As if he mock'd himself, and scorn'd his spirit” (Shakespeare) Taunt suggests mocking, insulting, or scornful reproach: “taunting him with want of courage to leap into the great pit” (Daniel Defoe) To twit i s to taunt by calling attention to something embarrassing: “The schoolmaster was twitted about the lady who threw him over” (J.M. Barrie) Deride implies scorn and contempt: “Was all the world in a conspiracy to deride his failure?” (Edith Wharton)

Example

1) Supporting that cause would take several surgical trusses!

2) Those other cars look ridiculous. This is the only man's car here.

3) Those clothes would make you look like a overdressed donkey.

4) Well, Tony will tell you something else, but then he always lived on the other side of the tracks.

5) Mike doesn't have a degree, but he does speak nicely, doesn't he.

6) Only an idiot would consider Didactus to have any useful opinion.

7) Everybody knows that cold fusion is a proven impossibility. Jack: did you have something to say on this.

8) "Sure my worthy opponent claims that we should lower tuition, but that is just laughable."

9) "Equal rights for women? Yeah, I'll support that when they start paying for dinner and taking out the trash! Hah hah! Fetch me another brewski, Mildred."

10) "Those crazy conservatives! They think a strong military is the key to peace! Such fools!"

Unit 10: Sarcasm (讽刺挖苦)

[2012-3-12 23:18:01]

Sarcasm (讽刺挖苦)

Sarcasm is the use of words to damage the reputation of, or hurt, another person. It is a sharp, bitter, or cutting expression or remark; a bitter jibe or taunt. Some authorities sharply distinguish sarcasm from irony, as in: “Irony must not be confused with sarca sm, which is direct: sarcasm means precisely what it says, but in a sharp, caustic, ... manner.”. However, others would argue that sarcasm may involve, or often does involve, irony. Thus: “sarcasm does not necessarily involve irony. But irony, or the use of expressions conveying different things according as they are interpreted, is so often made the vehicle of sarcasm…”; and “The essence of sarcasm

is the intention of giving pain by (ironical or other) bitter words.” There is some doubt about that.

1. Well, this day was a total waste of makeup.

2. Well, aren’t we just a ray of frigging sunshine?

3. Make yourself at home! Clean my kitchen.

4. Not the brightest crayon in the box now, are we?

5. A hard-on doesn’t count as personal growth.

6. Don’t bother me. I’m living happily ever after.

7. Do I look like a frigging people person?

8. This isn’t an office. It’s Hell with fluorescent lighting.

9. I started out with nothing & still have most of it left.

10. I pretend to work. They pretend to pay me.

11. I’ve fou nd Jesus. He was behind the sofa the whole time.

12. You! Off my planet !!

13. Therapy is expensive, popping bubble wrap is cheap! You choose.

14. Practice random acts of intelligence & senseless acts of self-control.

15. I like dogs too. Let’s exchange re cipes.

16. If I want to hear the pitter-patter of little feet, I’ll put

shoes on my cat.

17. The Bible was written by the same people who said the Earth was flat.

18. Did the aliens forget to remove your anal probe?

19. I wish for a world of peace, harmony, & nakedness.

20. Errors have been made. Others will be blamed.

21. Let me show you how the guards used to do it.

22. And your crybaby whiny-assed opinion would be…?

23. I’m not crazy, I’ve just been in a very bad mood for 30 years.

24. See no evil, hear no evil and date no evil.

25. Allow me to introduce my selves.

26. Sarcasm is just one more service we offer.

27. Whisper my favorite words: “I’ll buy it for you.”

28. Better living through denial.

29. Whatever kind of look you were going for, you missed.

30. Suburbia: where they tear out the trees & then name streets after them.

31. Do they ever shut up on your planet?

32. I’m just working here till a good fast-food job opens up.

33. Are those your eyeballs? I found them in my cleavage.

34. I’m not your type. I’m not inflatable.

35. I’m trying to imagine you with a personality.

36. A cubicle is just a padded cell without a door.

37. Stress is when you wake up screaming & you realize you haven’t fallen asleep yet.

38. Here I am! Now what are your other two wishes?

39. Back off! You’re standing in my aura.

40. I can’t remember if I’m the good twin or the evil one.

41. Don’t worry. I forgot your name, too!

42. One of us is thinking about sex… OK, it’s me.

43. How many times do I have to flush before you go away?

44. I have a computer, a vibrator, & pizza delivery. Why should I leave the house?

45. I just want revenge. Is that so wrong?

46. It’s sick the way you people keep having sex without me.

47. I work 40 hours a week to be this poor.

48. You say I’m a bitch like it’s a bad thing.

49. Can I trade this job for what’s behind door #2?

50. Okay, okay, I take it back! Un-Screw You!

51. Macho Law forbids me from admitting I’m wrong.

52. Nice perfume. Must you marinate in it?

53. Not all men are annoying. Some are dead.

54. Too many freaks, not enough circuses.

55. Just smile and say “Yes, Mistress.”

56. Chaos, panic, & disorder – my work here is done.

57. Mommy, I wanna grow up to be a neurotic bitch just like you.

58. A woman’s favorite position is CEO.

59. Ambivalent? Well, yes and no.

60. You look like shit. Is that the style now?

61. This is a mean and damned cruel world & I want my nappy & medication right now!

62. Everyone thinks I’m psychotic, except for my friends deep inside the earth.

63. Earth is full. Go home.

64. Is it time for your medication or mine?

65. Aw, did I step on your poor little bitty ego?

66. Did I mention the kick in the groin you’ll be receiving if you touch me?

67. I plead contemporary insanity.

68. And which dwarf are you?

69. I refuse to star in your psychodrama.

70. I thought I wanted a career, turns out I just wanted pay checks.

71. How do I set a laser printer to stun?

72. It ain’t the size, it’s… no, I’m sorry, it really is the size.

73. I’m not tense, just terribly, terribly alert.

74. I majored in liberal arts. Will that be for here or to go?

75. Gene Police!!! Get out of the pool!!

Unit 10: Pun (双关修辞格)

[2012-3-12 23:17:33]

Pun (双关语): A pun is a figure of speech which consists of a deliberate confusion of similar words or phrases for rhetorical effect, whether humorous or serious. Or a play on words, sometimes on different senses of the same word and sometimes on the similar sense or sound of different words. People consider the pun to be an art form, and believe it to be a highly intelligent form of humor, because it relies on word play. 'A form of wit, to which wise men stoop and fools aspire.' ( Ambrose Bierce)

There are three kinds of pun.

Homographic : 同形异义词

The use of multiple meanings from a single spelling. For example, 'pickle' could be something you eat, or a nasty situation. (Pickle: 1)泡菜 2) a sad, sorry, nice, pretty, etc ‘pickle’ (处境困难或不愉快;又脏又乱)

Homophonic: 同音异形词

The use of similar sounds with different spellings. For example, 'idle' and 'idol' . Double-sound: 双音词

Knock knock.

"Who's there?"

"Orange."

"Orange who?"

"Orange you going to open the door?"

More Examples:

1) I used to be a part-time hairdresser, but I wanted something more permanent.

2) I used to be a tennis instructor, but it just wasn't my racket.

3) I used to be a carpenter, but then I got bored.

4) I recently spent money on detergent to unclog my kitchen sink. It was money down the drain.

5) Our social studies teacher says that her globe means the world to her.

6) A jury is never satisfied with the verdict. The jury always returns it.

7) Sir Lancelot once had a very bad dream about his horse. It was a knight mare.

8) A dog not only has a fur coat but also pants.

9) Today I've got a pressing engagement. I must go to the cleaners.

10) The principal part of a horse is the mane, of course.

11) Having lots of good cookbooks only makes sense. They contain such stirring events.

12) If you want to make a pun from dunlop. Then lop off the lop and the pun is dun.

13) I used to be twins. My mother has a picture of me when I was two.

14) I work as a baker because I knead dough.

15) What is the difference between a conductor and a teacher?

The conductor minds the train and a teacher trains the mind.

16) A bicycle can't stand alone because it is two-tired.

17) What's the definition of a will? (It's a dead giveaway).

18) Time flies like an arrow. Fruit flies like a banana.

19) A backward poet writes inverse.

20) In democracy it's your vote that counts; in feudalism it's your count that votes.

21) She had a boyfriend with a wooden leg, but broke it off.

22) A chicken crossing the road is poultry in motion.

23) If you don't pay your exorcist you get repossessed.

24) With her marriage she got a new name and a dress.

25) Show me a piano falling down a mineshaft and I'll show you A-flat minor.

26) When a clock is hungry it goes back four seconds.

27) The man who fell into an upholstery machine is fully recovered.

28) You feel stuck with your debt if you can't budge it.

29) Local Area Network in Australia: the LAN down under.

30) He often broke into song because he couldn't find the key.

31) Every calendar's days are numbered.

32) A lot of money is tainted. 'Taint yours and 'taint mine.

33) A boiled egg in the morning is hard to beat.

34) He had a photographic memory which was never developed.

35) A plateau is a high form of flattery.

36) The short fortune teller who escaped from prison was a small medium at large.

37) Those who get too big for their britches will be exposed in the end.

38) When you've seen one shopping center you've seen a mall.

39) Those who jump off a Paris bridge are in Seine.

young high-school teacher, was to become the test case on the legality of Tennessee's anti-evolution law. An aging William Jennings Bryan was the prosecutor and Clarence Darrow was Scopes' defense attorney. Earlier in 1925, the Tennessee State legislature had passed a law making it illegal to teach the theory of evolution in schools. Many people believed that Darwin's theory contradicted the idea of biblical creation. The trial, complete with the spectacle of a cynical Darrow interrogating Bryan on the witness stand as 'an expert on the Bible,' aroused national interest and caused heated controversy over Darwin's evolution theory. Scopes was judged guilty and fined $100, but the trial coverage dealt a blow to American anti-evolution forces. Bryan died six days later.

Clarence Seward Darrow (April 18, 1857 – March 13, 1938) was an American lawyer and leading member of the American Civil Liberties Union, best known for defending teenage thrill killers Leopold and Loeb in their trial for murdering 14-year-old Bobby Franks (1924) and defending John T. Scopes in the Scopes Trial (1925), in which he opposed William Jennings Bryan (statesman, noted orator, and three time presidential candidate for the Democratic Party). Called a "sophisticated country lawyer", he remains notable for his wit and agnosticism that marked him as one of the most famous American lawyers and civil libertarians.

William Jennings Bryan

William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 – July 26, 1925) was the Democratic Party nominee for President of the United States in 1896, 1900 and 1908, a lawyer, and the

41st United States Secretary of State under President Woodrow Wilson. He was noted for a deep, commanding voice. Bryan was a devout Presbyterian ( 基督教长老会交友或会员), a supporter of popular democracy, a critic of banks and railroads, a leader of the

silverite ( movement in the 1890s, a leading figure in the Democratic Party, a peace advocate, a prohibitionist, an opponent of Darwinism, and one of the most prominent leaders of populism (平民主义,民粹主义) in the late 19th and early 20th century. Because of his faith in the goodness and rightness of the common people, he was called "The Great Commoner." In the intensely fought 1896 and 1900 elections, he was defeated by William McKinley but retained control of the Democratic Party. For presidential candidates, Bryan invented the national stumping tour. In his three presidential bids, he promoted Free Silver in 1896, anti-imperialism in 1900, and trust-busting in 1908,

calling on Democrats, in cases where corporations are protected, to abandon states' rights, to fight the trusts and big banks, and embrace populist ideas. President Woodrow Wilson appointed him Secretary of State in 1913, but Wilson's handling of the Lusitania crisis in 1915 caused Bryan to resign in protest. He was a strong supporter of Prohibition in the 1920s, and energetically attacked Darwinism and evolution, most famously at the Scopes Trial in 1925. Five days after winning the case but getting bad press, he died in his sleep.

Free Silver was an important political issue in the late 19th century and early 20th century United States. Its advocates were in favor of an inflationary monetary policy by "free coinage of silver"; its supporters were called silverites.

Charles Darwin

Charles Robert Darwin (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist who showed that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestors, and proposed the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection. He published his theory with compelling evidence for evolution in his 1859 book On the Origin of Species.

Darwinism

Darwinism is a set of movements and concepts related to ideas of transmutation of species or evolution, including ideas with no connection to the work of Charles Darwin. The meaning of Darwinism has changed over time, and varies depending on who is using the term. In the United States, Darwinism is often used by creationists as a pejorative(轻蔑的,贬损的) term but in the United Kingdom the term has no negative connotations, being freely used as a short hand for evolutionary theory.

Four religious sections: Christianity, Judaism , Islam and Buddhism

Christianity (基督教) is divided into several sections, the Roman Catholic, the Protestant and the Orthodox Eastern Church. They believe in trinity, that is, God is the Holy Father, the holy son and the holy spirit / ghost, with Jesus Christ as its incarnation.

The Roman Catholic Church (罗马天主教) has a very strict organization, with Pope as its

supreme leader, and cardinal, archbishop, bishop and priest (catholic father) under him successively. These clergies are not allowed to get married all their lives. People who belong to Roman Catholic Church have a tradition of going to church services every week.

Protestants: For Protestants (新教教徒), things are not so rigorous. They can worship God at home. Pastors, ministers and clergymen can get married. They don't have a supreme governing body as the Roman Catholics do. For Roman Catholics, you can only talk to God by way of a church, confessing your sins in the confessional to a priest who grants you absolution in the name of God, but the Protestant believe they can talk directly to God. Denominations of Protestants are Anglican, Baptist, Presbyterian, etc.

Orthodox Eastern Church (东正教) has another divine creature to worship, the Blessed Virgin Mary.

Roman Catholic and Orthodox Eastern members draw cross on their chests, while

Protestants do not.

Judaism (犹太教) doesn't believe in Jesus Christ. They believe in Moses who led them away from persecutions of the Egyptians, and they suppose that God will come to the

world one day in the future.

Their prophets include King David and his son Solomon who was famous for his wealth and wisdom. They think that God had granted them a place of inhabitancy, the Promised Land which is the nowadays Israel. Jewish people have suffered religious discrimination by Christians over the long run of history. The Jewish people were not allowed to own land or serve at any government offices.

Islam is the Abrahamic religion articulated by the Qur'an, a text considered by its adherents to be the verbatim word of the one, incomparable God and by the Prophet of Islam Muhammad's demonstrations and real-life examples. Islam literally means "submission (to God)."

Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known

as the Buddha, and is classified as an Indian religion. The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE. He

is recognized by adherents as an awakened teacher who shared his insights to help

sentient beings end suffering, achieve nirvana (湼槃), and escape what is seen as a cycle of suffering and rebirth.

Fundamentalism (原教旨主义):

Fundamentalism refers to a belief in a strict adherence to a set of basic principles (often religious in nature), sometimes as a reaction to perceived doctrinal compromises with modern social and political life. The term fundamentalism was originally coined to describe a narrowly defined set of beliefs that developed into a movement within the Protestant community of the United States in the early part of the 20th century, and

that had its roots in the Fundamentalist-Modernist Controversy of that time. The term has since been generalized to mean strong adherence to any set of beliefs in the face of criticism or unpopularity, but has by and large retained religious connotations.

Fundamentalist Movement. American fundamentalism emerged within evangelical (福音派新教会的) Protestantism in the early twentieth century in opposition to “modernism,” a term that encompassed liberal theology, the Darwinian theory of evolution, and secular culture. Fundamentalists shared with other American evangelicals an emphasis on the classical Protestant doctrines of salvation, the authority of the Bible, the importance of a personal conversion experience, and a missionary zeal to spread the gospel. What distinguished them from other evangelicals was their strident anti-modernism.

高级英语课文修辞总结

高级英语课文修辞总结(1-7课) 第一课Face to Face With Hurricane Camille Simile: 1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire) 2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train) Metaphor : 1. We can batten down and ride it out. (comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea) 2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.) Personification : 1. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (The hurricane acted as a very strong person lifting something heavy and throwing it through the air.)

高级英语第一册修辞手法总结

Lesson 1 1."We can batten down and ride it out," he said. (Para. 4) metaphor 2 .Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Para. 7) personification 、metaphor 3. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (Para.11) simile 4. He held his head between his hands, and silently prayed: “Get us through this mess, will Y ou?”(Para. 17) alliteration 5. It seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. (Para.19) personification 6. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. (Para.19) simile、onomatopoeia(拟声) 7. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. (Para. 20)transferred epithet 8 8. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished.(Para. 20)simile、personification 9. and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads.(Para.28) simile 10.household and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. (Para. 31) metaphor Lesson 4 1. Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm around my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open. (para2) Transferred epithet 2. The case had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at secondary school.(para 3) Synecdoche 3. After a while, it is the setting of man against man and creed against creed until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century.(para14) Irony 4. '' There is some doubt about that '' Darrow snorted.(para 19) Sarcasm 5. The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below.(para 20) Antithesis 6. Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie.(para 22) Alliteration; Simile 7. The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with the hot breadth of his oratory as he should have. (Para 22) He appealed for intellectual freedom, and accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion. (Para 23) The court broke into a storm of applause that surpassed that Bryan. Snowball:grow quickly; spar: fight with words; thunder: say angrily and loudly; scorch: thoroughly defeat; duel: life and death struggle; storm of applause: loud applause by many people; the oratorical duel; spring the trump card.Metaphor

高级英语修辞手法和各课举例

常用修辞手法: 1. 比喻 比喻就是打比方。可分为明喻和暗喻: 明喻(simile):用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。例如: O my love's like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。 The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。 暗喻(metaphor):用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。例如: He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠。 The world is a stage. 世界是一个大舞台。 2. 换喻(metonymy) 用一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称,只要一提到其中一种事物,就会使人联想到另一种。如the White House 代美国政府或总统,用the bottle来代替wine 或者alcohol。 His purse would not allow him that luxury. 他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。 The mother did her best to take care of the cradle. 母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。 He succeeded to the crown in 1848. 他在1848年继承了王位。 3. 提喻(synecdoche) 指用部分代表整体或者用整体代表部分,以特殊代表一般或者用一般代表特殊。例如: He earns his bread by writing. 他靠写作挣钱谋生。 The farms were short of hands during the harvest season. 在收获季节农场缺乏劳动力。 Australia beat Canada at cricket. 澳大利亚队在板球比赛中击败了加拿大队。 4. 拟人(personification) 把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法叫拟人。例如: My heart was singing. 我的心在歌唱。 This time fate was smiling to him. 这一次命运朝他微笑了。 The flowers nodded to her while she passed. 当她经过的时候花儿向她点头致意。 5. 委婉(euphemism) 用温和的、间接的词语代替生硬的、粗俗的词语,以免直接说出不愉快的事实冒犯别人或者造成令人窘迫、沮丧的局面。例如: 用to fall asleep; to cease thinking; to pass away; to go to heaven; to leave us 代to die 用senior citizens代替old people 用a slow learner或者an under achiever代替a stupid pupil 用weight watcher代替fat people 6. 双关(pun) 用同音异义或者一词二义来达到诙谐幽默的效果:表面上是一个意思,而实际上却暗含另一个意思,这种暗含的意思才是句子真正的目的所在。例如: A cannonball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (arms可指手臂或者武器) 一发炮弹打断了他的腿,所以他缴械投降了。 “Can I try on that gown in the window?” asked a would-be customer. “Certainly not, madam!” replied the salesman. 我可以试穿一下橱窗里的那件睡袍吗? Seven days without water make one weak (week). 七天没有水使一个人虚弱。或者:七天没有水就是一周没有水。 7. 反语(irony) 使用与真正意义相反的词,正话反说或者反话正说,从对立的角度运用词义来产生特殊的效果。 8. 头韵(alliteration) 两个或者更多的词以相同的音韵或者字母开头就构成头韵。例如: proud as a peacock

(完整word版)高级英语第一册修辞总结1--11

Unit 1 Middle Eastern Bazaar 1. Onomatopoeia: is the formation of words in imitation o the sounds associated with the thing concerned. e.g. 1) tinkling bells (Para. 1) 2) the squeaking and rumbling (Para. 9) 2. Metaphor: is the use of a word or phrase which describes one thing by stating another comparable thing without using “as” or “like”. e.g. 1) the heat and glare of a big open square (Para. 1) 2) …in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar (Para. 7) 3. alliteration: is the use of several words in close proximity beginning with the same letter or letters. e.g. 1) …thread their way among the throngs of people (Para. 1) 2)…make a point of protesting 4. Hyperbole: is the use of a form of words to make sth sound big, small, loud and so on by saying that it is like something even bigger, smaller, louder, etc. e.g. a tiny restaurant (Para. 7) a flood of glistening linseed oil (Para. 9) 5.Antithesis: is the setting, often in parallel structure, of contrasting words or phrases opposite each other for emphasis. e.g. 1) …a tiny apprentice blows a big charcoal fire with a huge leather bellows…(Para. 5) 2) …which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stone wheels. (Para. 5) 6. Personification: a figure of speech in which inanimate objects are endowed with human qualities or are represented as possessing human form. e.g. …as the burnished copper catches the light of …(Para.5) Unit 9 Mark Twain—Mirror of America V. Rhetorical devices 1. Simile: Please refer to Lesson 2. e.g. 1) Indeed, this nation’s best-loved author was every bit as adventurous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. (Para. 1) 2) Tom’s mischievous daring, ingenuity, and the sweet innocence of his affection for Becky Thatcher are almost as sure to be studied in American schools today as is the Declaration of Independence. (Para. 15)

高级英语修辞手法总结归纳

英语修辞手法 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.

III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力 气赚钱. 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分) 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 通感,联觉,移觉 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来,借联想引起感觉转移,“以感觉写感觉”。 通感技巧的运用,能突破语言的局限,丰富表情达意的审美情趣,起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如:欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏;闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体;听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子;又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。

高级英语修辞总结完整版

高级英语修辞总结 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】

Rhetorical Devices 一、明喻(simile) 是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比,表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系,两者都在对比中出现。常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等,例如: 1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see. 这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。 2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit. 他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来,像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。 3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something. 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动,好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。 二、隐喻(metaphor) 这种比喻不通过比喻词进行,而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写,甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。 1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets... 德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。 2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store. 钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。 三、Allusion(暗引)

高级英语修辞手法总结(常考)

高级英语修辞手法总结(常考)

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英语修辞手法 1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分) 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来,借联想引起感觉转移,“以感觉写感觉”。 通感技巧的运用,能突破语言的局限,丰富表情达意的审美情趣,起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如:欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏;闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体;听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子;又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。

高级英语课文修辞总结讲课稿

高级英语课文修辞总 结

高级英语课文修辞总结(1-7课) 第一课Face to Face With Hurricane Camille Simile: 1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire) 2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train) Metaphor : 1. We can batten down and ride it out. (comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea) 2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.) Personification : 1. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (The hurricane acted as a very strong person lifting something heavy and throwing it through the air.)

高级英语1修辞手法汇总

Rhetorical Devices simile 明喻metaphor 暗喻hyperbole 夸张metonymy 转喻synecdoche 借喻euphemism 委婉语repetition 反复rhetorical question 反问句personification 拟人antithesis 对仗parallelism 排比transferred epithet 转移修饰alliteration 押头韵 anti-climax 反高潮 1. We can batten down and ride it out. (metaphor) 2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (metaphor) 3. The group heard gun-like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated.(simile) 4. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (simile) 5. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (simile) 6. It seized a 600,000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 31 2 miles away.(personification) 7. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. (simile) 8. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist. (simile)

高级英语第二册修辞汇总

Lesson1 1. Wind and rain now wiped the house. ----metaphor(暗喻) 2. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ----simile (明喻) 3. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. -----simile 4. …it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles a way. ----personification(拟人) 5. We can batten down and ride it out. -----metaphor 6. Everybody out the back door to the cars!—ellipsis (省略) 7. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. -----simile 8. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point-----transferred epithet移就 9. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads----metaphor; simile Lesson2

高级英语(1)修辞格汇总

一.词语修辞格 (1) simile 明喻 它根据人们的联想,利用不同事物之间的相似点,借助比喻词(如like,as等)起连接作用,清楚地说明甲事物在某方面像乙事物 I wandered lonely as a cloud. ( W. Wordsworth: The Daffodils ) 我像一朵浮云独自漫游。 They are as like as two peas. 他们两个长得一模一样。 His young daughter looks as red as a rose. 他的小女儿面庞红得象朵玫瑰花。 ①―Mama,‖ Wangero said sweet as a bird . ―C an I have these old quilts?‖ ②Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. ③My skin is like an uncooked(未煮过的)barley pancake. ④The oratorial(雄辩的)storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind though the schools… ⑤I see also the dull(迟钝的), drilled(训练有素的), docile(易驯服的), brutish (粗野的)masses of the Hun soldiery plodding(沉重缓慢地走)on like a swarm(群)of crawling locusts(蝗虫). (2)metaphor 暗喻 暗含的比喻。A是B或B就是A。 All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players演员. ( William Shakespeare )整个世界是座舞台,男男女女,演员而已。 Education is not the filling of a pail桶, but the lighting of a fire. ( William B. Yeats ) 教育不是注满一桶水,而是点燃一把火。 ①It is a vast(巨大的), sombre(忧郁的)cavern(洞穴)of a room,… ②Mark Twain --- Mirror of America ③main artery(干线)of transportation in the young nation's heart ④The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind. ⑤Her voice was a whiplash(鞭绳). ⑥We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air,

高级英语修辞手法总结(最常考)

英语修辞手法 1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:

高级英语修辞手法汇总

高英修辞 Lesson 1 1. Wind and rain now wiped the house. ----metaphor(暗喻) 2. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ----simile (明喻) 3. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. -----simile 4. …it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. ----personification(拟人) 5. Rcihelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished. ---- …the 6. We can batten down and ride it out. -----metaphor 7. Everybody out the back door to the cars!—ellipsis (省略) 8. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. -----simile 9. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point-----transferred epithet移就 10. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads----metaphor; simile Lesson 4 1.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative

高级英语修辞总结

Rhetorical Devices 一、明喻(simile ) 是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比,表明本体和喻体之间的相似关 系,两者都在对比中出现。常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等,例如: 1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see. 这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。 2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit. 他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来,像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。 3、It has long leaves that sway in the wi nd like slim fin gers reach ing to touch someth ing. 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动,好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。 二、隐喻(metaphor ) 这种比喻不通过比喻词进行,而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写,甲乙两事物 之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。 1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets... 德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。 2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store. 钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。 三、Allusi on (暗引) 其特点是不注明来源和出处,一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组,将其融合编织在作者的话语中。引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。英语引用最多的是源出《圣经》故事以及希腊、罗马神话、《伊索寓言》和那些源远流长的谚语、格言等。例如: 1、Grammar may be his heel of Achilles.语法是他的大弱点。(Achill es 是希腊神话中的一位勇士。除了脚踵处,他身上其他地方刀枪不入。) 2、The project is an economic albatross from the start. 这个项目从一开始就是一个摆脱不了的经济难题。(Albatross是英国诗人柯 勒律治的《古舟子咏》中的信天翁,它被忘恩负义的水手杀死后,全船陷入灾难中。) 四、提喻(synecdoche ) 又称举隅法,主要特点是局部代表全体,或以全体喻指部分,或以抽象代具体,或以具体代抽象。例如: 1、The Great Wall was made not only of stones and earth, but of the flesh and blood

高级英语第一册修辞手法总汇

Twain began digging his way to regional fame... Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles... Simile: Most American remember M. T. as the father of... ...a memory that seemed phonographic Hyperbole: ...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom... The cast of characters... - a cosmos. America laughed with him. Personification: ...to literature's enduring gratitude... the grave world smiles as usual... Bitterness fed on the man... America laughed with him. Personal tragedy haunted his entire life. Antithesis: ...between what people claim to be and what they really are.. ...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land... ...a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever Euphemism: … a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy. ...men's final release from earthly struggle Alliteration ...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home ...with a dash and daring... ...a recklessness of cost or consequences... Metonymy ...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe Lesson 10 1) The trial that rocked the world (hyperbole) 2) Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder (transferred epithet) 3) The case had erupted round my head (synecdoche) 4) Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted (ridicule) 5) and it is a mighty strong combination (sarcasm) 6) until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century (irony) 7) There is some doubt about that.(sarcasm) 8) "The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below"(antithesis) 9) "His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world." (hyperbole) 10) Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fanlike a sword to repel his enemies. (ridicule,simile) 11) Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.(ridicule) 12) Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a, "victorious defeat. " (oxymoron ) Lesson 11 1) a concept of how things get written that throws very little light on Lincoln but a great deal on Life (alliteration and sarcasm) 2) between the much-touted Second International (1934) and the much-clouted Third International (1961) (assonance and antithesis) 3) The Washington Post, in an editorial captioned "Keep Your Old Webster's" (metonymy) 4) In short, all of these publications are written in the language that the Third International describes (metonymy) 5) But neither his vanity nor his purse is any concern of the dictionary's (synecdoche) 6) the Post’ s editorial fails to explain what is wrong with the definition, we can only infer from "so simple" a thing that the writer takes the plain, downright, man-in-the-street attitude that a door is a door and any damn fool knows that(sarcasm ) 7) Or what of those sheets and jets of air that are now being used, in place of old-fashioned oak and hinges ...(synecdoche)

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