语法专项突破 第八讲

第八讲并列句和状语从句

并列句

1．表并列、递进或顺承关系：and，both...and...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...，as well as

The earth is one of the planets of the solar system，and the moon is its satellite.

地球是太阳系中的一颗行星，月球是地球的卫星。

2．表转折关系：but，yet，whereas，nevertheless

It is often said that the joy of traveling is not in arriving at your destination but in the journey itself.

人们常说旅行的乐趣不在于你最终到达目的地，而在于旅行本身。

3．表选择关系：either... or，not... but...，or，otherwise，or else，rather than

Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.

现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。

4．表因果关系：for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首)，so，therefore

He found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to fail.

由于他的视力开始下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。

5．when“就在这时，突然”，常用于以下句式：

(1)sb. be about to do/on the point of doing sth. when...某人正要做某事，突然……

(2)sb. be doing sth. when...某人正在做某事，突然……

(3)sb. had done sth. when...某人刚做完某事，突然……

One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help. 一个周五，当我们在收拾行李要去度周末时，我的女儿突然听到了呼救声。

She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.

昨天她刚完成家庭作业，她妈妈就让她练习钢琴。

名师指津

and与or用于并列句

祈使句＋and＋陈述句，and表顺承关系

祈使句＋or＋陈述句，or表转折关系

Find ways to praise your children often, and you’ll find they will open their hearts to you.

设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们乐意向你敞开心扉

对点集训

单句语法填空

1．(2016·贵州贵阳高三统考)Keep it in mind，____________ gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.

2．(2016·广西桂林模拟)They can either choose to accept the challenge ____________ donate 100 dollars，or do the both.

3．(2015·高考北京卷·单项填空)He is a shy man, ____________he is not afraid of anything or anyone.

4．(2016·黑龙江齐齐哈尔模拟)I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting

____________ my car broke down near a remote village.

答案：1，and 2，or 3，but 4，when

状语从句

考点一时间状语从句

考点二地点状语从句、原因状语从句

1．地点状语从句

地点状语从句表示地点、方位，通常由where，wherever引导，可置于句首、句中或句尾。

I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting.

因为我坐的地方噪音太大，所以听不清教授在说什么。

「易错警示」

where引导的状语从句与定语从句的区别：

地点状语从句与定语从句的区别在于从句在句中所作的成分，如果作状语，则是状语从句；如果作定语，则是定语从句。

A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert. (状语从句)

A tall building was put up at the place where there used to be a desert. (定语从句)

2.原因状语从句

原因状语从句可由because，as，since，now that等词引导。

(1)because译作“因为”，表直接原因，语气较强，能回答由why提出的问句。

The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.

那位老人让露西换坐到另一把椅子上，因为他想挨着妻子坐。

(2)as (由于)，since (既然)，now that/in that (既然)，表双方都知道的原因，语气较弱。as，since和now that引导的从句多位于主句之前。

Now that you have done that，stop blaming yourself.

既然你已经做了，就不要自责了。

考点三条件状语从句、结果状语从句

1．条件状语从句

(1)条件状语从句的常见引导词

if，unless (＝if... not)，so/as long as (只要)，on condition that (条件是)，so/as far as，if only，provided that (如果)，in case (万一，如果)，suppose/supposing that (假设，如果)等均可引导条件状语从句。

We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it’s very cold.

除非下雨或天很冷，否则我们将在本周日去公园野餐。

My parents don’t mind what job I do as long as I am happy.

我的父母不在意我从事什么工作，只要我高兴就好。

(2)条件状语从句的时态

在条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来含义；现在完成时表即将完成之后的情况；一般过去时表过去将来的含义。

If everyone does his part，the project will surely be a success.

如果大家都尽责，这个项目肯定会成功。

2．结果状语从句

结果状语从句由so...that...，such...that...，so that引导。

There is so little time left that I don’t think I can finish it as scheduled.

剩下这么少的时间，我想我不能按时完成。

考点四让步状语从句

1．although，though，while引导的让步状语从句。

Though/Although/While regular exercise is very important，it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.

尽管有规律的锻炼很重要，但临睡前锻炼不是个好主意。

2．as，though引导让步状语从句常倒装。

Hot as/though the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. 在长途跋涉之后，尽管夜晚的空气很热，我们还是因为累睡得很熟。

3．疑问词＋-ever/no matter＋疑问句引导的让步状语从句，意为“无论……”。

However hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.

不管你多么努力，如果不减少饭量，减肥很难。

4．whether... or... 引导的让步状语从句，意为“不论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。We’ll go on with the work，whether we can find the necessary tools or we cannot.

不管我们能否找到所需的工具，我们都要把这件工作做下去。

对点集训

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2016·吉林长春六中模拟)It is nearly fifteen years ____________ I last saw her—she is the owner of a local restaurant where I briefly worked one summer as a waitress.

2．(2016·吉林省实验中学模拟) ____________ Shirley was three years old，her parents sent her and her sisters to live with their grandmother in Barbados.

3．(2016·甘肃白银质检)During the Spring Festival，there was less air pollution ____________

fireworks were forbidden.

4．(2015·高考湖南卷·完形填空)It’s simpler because，____________ you have a computer，you can find information you need by searching the Internet.

5．(2015·高考安徽卷·单项填空) ________________________ scientists have learned a lot about the universe，there is much we still don’t know.

答案：1，since 2，When 3，as/because 4，if 5，Although/Though/While

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．You seem to have a ready-made answer whatever I ask you a question.____________________ 2．You had better book rooms at the hotel in advance in case of you should find no room on your arrival.____________________

3．—I don’t mind how you do it unless you finish the painting on time.

—OK，I see.

____________________

4．Air pollution is getting more and more serious，so we must take action after it is too late.____________________

5．—When did you get home last night?

—It was almost midnight since we arrived home.

____________________

答案：1，whatever→whenever 2，去掉of 3，unless→if 4，after→before 5，since →when

福建省泉州市高考英语总复习 语法专项突破 第八节语法专练知能闯关

《优化方案》2013高考总复习英语（福建泉州北师大版专用）语法 专项突破第八节语法专练知能闯关 Ⅰ.单项填空 1．(2012·济宁模拟)There were several messages from people，most of ________ I didn’t know，on my answering machine when I got home. A．those B．which C．whom D．them 解析：选C。考查定语从句。分析句式结构可知，如果选择A、D两项，则构成独立的分句，缺少连接词；B项关系代词which只能指代物。C项whom引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，并在从句中作of的宾语。故C项正确。 2．(2012·滨州模拟)Yellow is an attention getter，________ is the reason why taxis are painted this colour. A．that B．what C．which D．as 解析：选C。考查定语从句。根据语境可知，黄色容易引起注意，那就是出租车被漆成黄色的原因。分析题干可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，排除选项A和B；which代指前面整个句子作定语从句主语。故选C项。 3．(2012·泰安质量检测)In the UK，what impressed me most was the Student Activity，________ I got lots of information outside. A．where B．that C．which D．when 解析：选A。考查定语从句。句意为：在英国，让我印象最深的是学生活动，从中我学到了很多课外知识。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the Student Activity，从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导，相当于in which。故A项正确。 4．(2012·青岛统一质量检测)Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ________ life has developed gradually. A．that B．where C．which D．whose 解析：选B。考查定语从句。由语境可知，地球不可能是唯一一个有生命存在的星球。where 在定语从句中作地点状语。故B项正确。 5．(2012·淄博模拟)—Tell me something about his match in Sydney. —Well，he got the championship，________ we had expected.He made it at last. A．as B．what C．why D．how 解析：选A。考查非限制性定语从句。由语境知，正如“我们”所预料的那样，他最终获得了冠军。as引导非限制性定语从句，代替he got the championship作从句宾语。故选A。6．The engineers made two big plans for the dam，________ was never put in force. A．one of them B．which C．one of which D．both of which 解析：选C。句意：工程师们为大坝制订了两大计划，其中一个从未实施。由逗号前后没有连接词可知，后面为非限制性定语从句，根据从句中的was及前面的two可知，此处指的是“其中的一个”，故选C。 7．The English song calls up the happy days ________ we spent together in our youth. A．which B．when C．on which D．what 解析：选A。句意：这首英文歌使我们想起了年轻时一起度过的快乐的日子。先行词days 虽然表示时间，但在定语从句中作spent的宾语，故用关系代词that或which。 8．The beaver chews down tress to get food and material ________ to build its home.

语法专项突破九语法专练知能闯关

Ⅰ.单项填空 1．__________ made the little boy so sad is __________ his parents didn’t allow him to go out for a picnic with other boys. A．What；because B．What；that C．That；because D．That；what 解析：选B。句意：使这个小男孩如此伤心的是他的父母不允许他跟其他男孩出去野餐。第一空用what引导主语从句，what在从句中作主语；第二空用that引导表语从句，that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有实际意义，只起连接作用。 2．—What did you do yesterday afternoon? —We discussed __________ Mary could join us. A．whether B．if C．that D．what 解析：选A。句意：“你们昨天下午干什么了？”“我们讨论了玛丽是否可以加入到我们中来。”discuss后的宾语从句只用whether不用if引导，意为“是否”，且不在从句中作成分。that在名词性从句中不作任何成分也没有任何意义；what常在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 3．The textbook is filled with cases about __________ our life has developed thanks to new inventions. A．what B．where C．why D．how 解析：选D。句意：课本中有很多关于我们的生活是如何因为新发明而得到改善的例子。根据句意宾语从句缺少表示方式的状语，故用how引导。what不作状语；where表示地点；why表示原因。 4．Desertification，the name for __________ happens when farm land is turned into desert，is a growing world problem. A．which B．where C．what D．how 解析：选C。句意：沙漠化，即可耕种土地变成沙漠，已经发展成世界问题了。所选项引导介词for的宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，故用what。which强调范围；where常在名词性从句中作地点状语；how在名词性从句中作方式状语。 5．__________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A．If B．Whether C．That D．When 解析：选B。句意：明天我们是否去野营取决于天气。所选项表示“是否”之意，且从句中不缺少成分，故用whether。引导主语从句位于句首时，用whether不用if；that在名词性从句中不作任何成分也无任何意义；when常在名词性从句中作时间状语，此处与tomorrow 相矛盾。 6．(2012·临沂质量检测)The warning we were given as children __________ eating fast will make you fat may，in fact，have a scientific explanation. A．that B．who C．where D．which 解析：选A。考查名词性从句。分析句子可知，we were given as children为定语从句限定主语the warning，其谓语动词为have，从句部分不缺成分，对the warning起到补充说明的作用，为同位语从句。故选A。 7．(2012·泰安一轮质量检测)—It is so dark tonight，Mum. —Y es，this is just __________ we can enjoy brilliant stars in the sky. A．when B．where

语法专项突破

语法专项突破 冠词主要放在名词之前，说明所表示的人或物，不能单独作句子成分，冠词分为不定冠词（a ，an ）和定冠词（the ）两种。 考点1 不定冠词的用法 1．下列情况用不定冠词 用法 示例 （1）用于单数名词前表示泛指某一类人或事物。 Kobe is a basketball player. 科比是一名篮球选手。 （2）表示初次提到某人或某物。 I have a sister. 我有一个妹妹。 （3）表示“一个”，和one 的意思相近，但one 更强调数量。 Bob will come back in a week. 鲍勃一周后会回来。 （4）表示“每一”，和every 的意思相近。 It is said that an apple a day keeps the doctor away. 据说一天吃一个苹果，身体健康不求医。[来源：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e07244813.html,] （5）用于序数词前，表示“再一，又一”，和another 的意思相近。 Would you like a second cup of tea? 你想再要一杯茶吗？ （6）用于一些固定词组或短语中。 a little 一点儿 have a look 看一看 2.不定冠词a 与an 的不同用法 词条 用法 示例 a a 用在以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前。 a “u”一个字母“u” a boy 一个男孩 an an 用在以元音音素开头的字母或单词前。 an “m”一个字母“m” an apple 一个苹果 特殊情况 （1）某些单词以不发音的辅音字母开头，但第一个音素是元音音素，这时要用an 。 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 an hour 一个小时 （2）某些单词以元音字母开头，但第一个音素是辅音音素，这时要用a 。 a useful book 一本有用的书 考点2 定冠词的用法 用法 示例 （1）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。 The man on the bike is a doctor. 骑自行车的那个人是一位医生。 （2）指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。 Look at the blackboard ，please. 请看黑板。 （3）前面已提到的人或物，在第二次提到时要用the 来表示特指。 Yesterday an 8-year-old boy fell into the river.The boy was saved by a policeman. 昨天一个八岁的男孩掉进了河里。这个男孩被一位警察救了。 （4）用于序数词、形容词的最高级及only ，very ，same 等词修饰的名词前。 He is the first one to leave the classroom. 他是第一个离开教室的。 He is the only one I know in the city. 在这个城市他是我唯一理解的人。 （5）用于乐器类的名词前。 play the piano 弹钢琴 play the guitar 弹吉他

2018年高考英语一轮复习 语法专项突破 第七讲 名词性从句

第七讲名词性从句 1．that引导主语从句时，没有具体意思，不充当句子成分，只是起标志性的作用，但that不能省略。what引导时，在从句中充当成分，且有意义。 ◆It is true that the college will take in more new students. 这所大学将招收更多的新生是真的。 2．whether连接主语从句时，表示怀疑，不能省略，意为“是否”，在句首时不能用if替换。 ◆(重庆高考)It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 旧汽车站是否应该被重建为现代化的宾馆仍然在商讨中。 3．连接代词、连接副词引导主语从句时不能省略，并在从句中充当句子成分。 ◆It was never clear why the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner. 这个人为什么没有尽快报告这个事故，还不清楚。 4．主语从句要用陈述语序，即主谓语序。 (1)用it作形式主语的常用句型有： ①It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)＋that从句 ②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句 ③It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that从句 ④It＋特殊动词(seems，appears，happens，matters)＋that从句 ◆It is a pity that I missed the party held last night. 很遗憾我错过了昨晚举行的聚会。 ◆It is reported that the accident was caused by carelessness. 据报道，该事故源于(司机的)粗心(驾驶)。 (2)在It is necessary/important/suggested/advised/ordered＋that从句结构中，从句用“(should＋)动词原形”。 [典例] (2015·广东高考语法填空)Now it occurred to him ____________ his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. that解析：固定句型“it occurred to sb.＋that从句”表示“某人突然想到”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。 单句语法填空

语法专项突破 第四讲

第四讲时态和语态 时态 考点一一般时 1. 一般现在时 (1)一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。由动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式(be动词的一般现在时用am/is/are)构成。 My dream school starts at 8：30 a. m. and ends at 3：30 p．m. 我理想的学校上午8：30上课，下午3：30放学。 (2)如果主句是一般将来时，那么在由when，while，before，after，until，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句，if和unless引导的条件状语从句及让步状语从句中，可用一般现在时代替一般将来时，表示将来的动作或状态。 The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he started. 这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。 2. 一般过去时 (1)常表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用；也可表示过去习惯性的动作。 (2015·高考重庆卷·单项填空)—Is Peter coming? 彼得要来吗？ —No，he changed his mind after a phone call at the last minute. 不来了，他打完电话之后的最后一刻改变了主意。 (2015·高考湖南卷·单项填空)I wasn’t able to hide my eagerness when I asked，“What do you wish me to do now？” 当我问到“你希望我现在做什么？”时，我无法掩饰自己急切的心情。 (2)有些句子，虽然没有明确地表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know，think，expect，want等。 Edward，you play so well. But I did n’t know you played the piano. 爱德华，你弹得真好。但是我原来不知道你会弹钢琴。 3. 一般将来时 “shall/will＋动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态。“will＋动词原形”还可以表示说话时临时做出的决定。 (2015·高考北京卷·单项填空)—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment. 杰克逊医生现在不在办公室。 —All right. I will call him later. 好的。我稍后给他打电话。 I hope you will behave yourself at the dinner party. 我希望你在晚宴上表现得大方得体。 考点二进行时 1.现在进行时

【外研版】2019届高考英语一轮复习：语法专项突破(1)及答案解析

第二部分语法专项突破(一) 真题改编·语法填空 1．(2018·山东·1改编)Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we ________(expect)． 答案：had expected 句意：用手写出所有的邀请函比我们预计的耗费的时间更多。由句意可知，“预计”这一动作发生在谓语动词was之前，故此处应选择过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”。 2．(2018·福建·23改编)—Haven't seen you for ages! Where have you been? —I went to Ningxia and ________ (stay) there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. 答案：stayed 句意：——“好几年没见你了！你去哪儿了？”——“我去了宁夏，在那儿呆了一年，作教学志愿者。”根据句意，在宁夏待了一年应该是发生在过去的事情，故应用一般过去时态。 3．(2018·安徽·23改编)The twins, who ________ (finish) their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground. 答案：had finished 句意：那对双胞胎已完成家庭作业，被允许在操场上打羽毛球。finish动作显然在were allowed之前发生，表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时态。 4．(2018·重庆·8改编)James has just arrived, but I didn't know he ________(come) until yesterday. 答案：was coming 句意：詹姆斯刚刚到，但是直到昨天我才知道他要来。他要来是以过去为起点将要发生的事情，故用过去进行时表示将来，故用was coming。 5．(2018·四川·9改编)She ________ (phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away. 答案：was phoning 句意：她正在打电话，因此，我朝她点了点头然后走开了。根据后半句中的nodded，went 可知，前半句应用过去时态，再结合句意可知，此处表示过去正在发生的动作，故用was phoning。6．(2018·浙江·11改编)Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she ________ (see) most of the guests before. 答案：had seen 句意：Sofia环顾了一下所有的面孔，她有印象的是，大部分客人都是她以前见到过的。根据句意知，此处see的动作发生在had the impression动作之前，故应用过去完成时态。 7．(2018·北京·32改编)I found the lecture hard to follow because it ________(start) when I arrived. 答案：had started 句意：我觉得那节课难以听懂，因为当我到达时，课已经开始了。根据句意可以判断出课开始是先于I arrived，因为“我到达时”是发生在过去，所以课开始应该是指过去的过去，所以应该用过去完成时。 8．(2018·江西·24改编)—Tony, why are your eyes red? —I ________(cut) up peppers for the last five minutes. 答案：have been cutting 句意：——“托尼，你的眼睛为什么是红的？”——“在刚刚过去的五分钟里我一直在切辣椒。”由时间状语for the last five minutes可知，此处应用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，用have/has been doing形式。 9．(2018·湖南·28改编)Since the time humankind started gardening, we ________(try) to make our environment more beautiful. 答案：have been trying 句意：人类自从开始耕种以来，就一直在努力使环境变得更加美丽。强调过去发生的动作一直持续到现在并将继续下去，应用完成进行时。 10．(2018·湖南·34改编)Whenever you ________(buy) a present, you should think about it from the receiver's point of view. 答案：buy 句意：不管什么时候购买礼物，你都应该从接受礼物者的角度来考虑。根据句子意思可知，指一般的情况，故用一般现在时。 11．(2018·北京·22改编)—Hi, let's go skating. —Sorry, I'm busy right now. I ________ (fill) in an application form for a new job. 答案：am filling 句意：——“嗨，我们去溜冰吧。”——“不好意思，我现在正忙着。我正填写一份新工作的申请表。”结合前一句的时间状语right now可知，表示目前正在进行的动作，所以后一句的谓语应该用现在进行时。 12．(2018·山东·5改编)They made up their mind that they ________(buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs. 答案：would buy 句意：他们下定决心一旦拉里换了工作他们就会买一座新房子。根据句意和主句时态(一般过去时)可知，此处表示过去将要发生的事情，故宾语从句应用过去将来时。 13．(2018·北京·31改编)—What time is it? —I have no idea. But just a minute, I ________ (check) it for you. 答案：will check 句意：——“几点了？”——“不知道。但是稍等，我给你看一下几点了。”根据上下文可知是指现在发生的事情，根据just a minute可以判断出应该是将要看一下时间，所以后面一句的谓语动词

语法专项突破七语法专练知能闯关

Ⅰ.单项填空 1．(2012·泰安一轮质量检测)V ancouver __________ the list of the world’s most liveable cities for the fifth straight year from 2007. A．has topped B．had topped C．topped D．tops 解析：选A。考查时态。句意为：自从2007年以来，温哥华已经连续5年当选为全世界最适合居住的城市。根据句意以及时间状语“for the fifth straight year”可知A项正确。 2．(2012·淄博模拟)—When did Tom come to Qingdao? —It was in July,2010 and he __________ a trip in China with his parents at that time. A．would take B．had taken C．was taking D．had been taking 解析：选C。考查动词时态。根据语境知，Tom在2010年7月来的青岛，那时他正和父母在中国旅游。表示过去某个时间正在发生的动作用过去进行时，故C项正确。 3．(2012·临沂质量检测)It was raining hard，but by the time the class was over，the rain __________. A．had stopped B．was stopping C．stopped D．would stop 解析：选A。考查时态。句意为：雨下得很大。但是下课结束时，雨已经停了。此处是by the time引导的时间状语从句，表示“到……为止”，后面通常接过去完成时或者将来完成时，根据语境可知，此处雨停下来的动作发生在下课结束之前，故用过去完成时。 4．(2012·青岛第二次统一检测)—Why are the Woods selling their belongings? —They __________ to another city. A．had moved B．have moved C．moved D．are moving 解析：选D。考查动词时态。句意：——Woods一家为何在变卖家产？——他们要搬到另一个城市去了。此处用进行时表示将来。故选D项。 5．(2012·山东省实验中学诊断)—Y ou look very tired. —Well，__________ all the afternoon. A．I have reviewed my lessons B．I have been reviewing C．I reviewed D．I had reviewed 解析：选B。考查动词时态。句意为：你看上去很累。哦，整个下午我一直在复习功课。根据句意和时间状语all the afternoon可知，应选B。 6．(2012·山东省实验中学一模)I don’t drink now，but I __________ for almost ten years. A．ever drank B．was ever drinking C．have ever drunk D．had ever drunk 解析：选A。考查时态。句意为：我现在不喝酒了，但是过去我曾喝了近十年的酒。过去进行时不能和表示时间段的状语连用；现在完成时强调对现在造成的影响；过去完成时强调在过去某一动作之前发生的动作；一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作。喝了十年的酒是指过去的情况，故选A。 7．(2012·泰安一轮质量检测)—Would you like to go camping this weekend? —Camping？Great！I __________ tents and fresh air! A．have loved B．loved C．will love D．love 解析：选D。考查时态，句意为：——这个周末想去野营吗？——野营？太好了！我非常喜欢帐篷和新鲜空气。根据语境可知，此处描述的是一个爱好，应用一般现在时。故D

语法专项突破五语法专练知能闯关

Ⅰ.单项填空 1．(2012·青岛统一质量检测)__________ you turn off all the lights when you leave the classroom. A．Making sure B．To make sure C．Being sure D．Make sure 解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。句意为：当你离开教室时务必要关掉所有的灯。主句是一个祈使句，故D项正确。 2．(2012·青岛市第二次统一检测)The climate conference was attended by 11,000 people，__________ it the largest UN gathering ever held. A．making B．to make C．made D．to be making 解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。现在分词表示事情发展的自然结果，而不定式表示出乎意料的结果。根据句意可知，应选A项。 3．(2012·淄博模拟)—Y ou shouldn’t have treated me that way.My heart is broken. —I’m sorry，Paul.I didn’t mean __________ you. A．hurting B．to hurt C．hurt D．having hurt 解析：选B。考查非谓语动词。mean作动词时，意为“想要，意欲”。mean to do sth.意为“打算做某事”。mean doing sth.意为“意味着做某事”。由语境知。“我”并非有意要伤害“你”，故B项正确。 4．(2012·淄博模拟)There are a lot of signs __________ men are more likely to have heart attacks than women. A．indicate B．to indicate C．indicated D．indicating 解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。句意为：有很多迹象表明，男性比女性更有可能患心脏病。分析题干可知，空白处内容修饰signs，且与它构成主动关系，故排除C项；A项属于谓语动词；B项与语境不符；D项相当于which indicates...故D项正确。 5．(2012·临沂质量检测)If I have any further news，you will be the first person __________. A．to know B．known C．knowing D．knew 解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。句意为：如果我有任何新的消息，你都将是第一个知道的人。在the first/second...后接动词时，常用不定式，表示“第一个/第二个做……”。即A 项正确。 6．(2012·滨州模拟)Those who received interest-free loans were mainly developing countries，with Asia and Africa __________ 80 percent of the total. A．accounted for B．accounting for C．account for D．to account for 解析：选B。考查独立主格结构。句意为：那些接受无息贷款的国家主要是发展中国家，亚非占总数的80%。此处是with独立主格结构作状语，Asia and Africa与account for之间构成主动关系。故选B项。 7．(2012·临沂质量检测)The newly-published book is really a gift to children __________ to inspire their reading. A．meaning B．meant C．to mean D．being meant 解析：选B。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，mean与所修饰的名词gift构成动宾关系，表被动意义。mean something to do/for意为“旨在，打算”。故选B。being meant表示进行被动，不符合句意，可排除。

初中英语语法专项突破之英语一般过去时讲解与练习

初中英语一般过去时知识讲解与训练 第一部分：知识讲解 1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t） ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t） ⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were放到句首。 3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句： ⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则： 1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied 5．不规则动词过去式： am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said give-gave, get- got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, buy-bought swim-swam, sit-sat bring--brought can-could cut-cut become-became begin-began draw-drew feel-felt find-found forget-forgot hear-heard keep-kept know-knew learn-learnt （learned） leave-left let-let lose-lost meet-met read-read sleep-slept speak-spoke take-took teach-taught tell-told write-wrote wake-woke think-though 常见错误如下: 一把动词变成过去式易出错 例: 1 They stoped (stop) talking just now. 2 They plaied (play) football yesterday. 答案: 1 stopped 2 played 解析:我们可以记住下面的口诀:"动词变成过去式,双写规律要牢记;y前若是辅音字,y变i加-ed;y前若是元音字,只须直接加-ed." 二忘记把动词变成过去式 例: I fly (fly) kites on the afternoon of Sunday. 答案: flew 解析:我们可以记住下面的口诀:"一般过去时态里,过去形式莫忘记". 自主检测: （一）选择 1 She lived there before he____to China. A. came B. comes C. come D. coming 2 I _____but_____nothing. A . was listened;was hearing B. listened;heard

2019年高考英语新精准大一轮语法专项突破 (6)

[即时演练] A 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 These days our society develops rapidly and forces people to rush. It appears that people have got used to being in a hurry. However, it’s better for people to take their time and live their life at a slower pace than to hurry to get things done. The main reason that convinces us to oppose doing work in a hurry is the possibility of doing wrongs in a rush. When people do their jobs or take action in a hurry, they can’t make a sound decision and probably regret later. As the saying goes，“Haste makes waste.”We should think carefully before making a decision and do our work less quickly. We should not make mistakes by doing work hurriedly. Slowing down the pace of life helps people enjoy their life better. For example, taking a train to some place certainly will take more time than taking a plane. However, taking a train makes people have enough time to get to know a lot of new friends. Besides, it allows people to fully enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. On the contrary, being in a hurry will make us lose chances of enjoying our lives. Finally, slower life pace provides better health conditions for us. As is known to all, taking action in a hurry bothers people and raises their stress. People think if they are not in a hurry, they will become a loser and that annoys them. But being in a hurry can hurt people both physically and mentally. According to some studies, people who have a slower pace suffer fewer diseases, tend to be happier and live much longer than those whose life is tense, even if the former finish jobs more slowly than the latter. In short, working quickly will bring about more material benefits to make our society more advanced. Yet, much stress can’t bring enjoyment, friends and health, which are much more important than money and other material advantages. Therefore, take your time and live your life at a slower pace. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ One possible version： To live life at a slower pace is better than to live life in a hurry. There are three reasons for this.Firstly, doing things in a hurry will raise the possibility of making mistakes.Secondly, being in a hurry will not give people enough time to enjoy their life.Thirdly, doing things in a hurry raises people’s pressure and therefore is bad for their health.In brief, it is better for people to live life at a slower pace than to live life in a hurry. B

考研英语语法专项突破训练试题及答案解析

1. Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children ________to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences. A. to develop B. to be developed C. developing D. will develop 2. Space exploration promises to open up many new territories for human settl ement, as well as _________the harvest of mineral resources. A. leads to B. to lead to C. leading to D. lead to 3. Someday, solar power collected by satellites ________ the earth or fission p ower (裂变能)manufactured by mankind may give us all the energy we need for an expanding civilization. A. circled B. to circle C. circling D.circles 4. In this experiment, they are wakened several times during the night, and as ked to report what they ________ . A.had just been dreaming B. are just dreaming C.have just been dreaming D. had just dreamt 5. Her terror was so great ________ somewhere to escape, she would have r un for her life. A. only if B. that there had only been