解读定语从句关系代词
解读定语从句中的关系代词
具有连接作用的关系代词，that which who whom whose “关系代词”用于引导定语从句，关系代词有：who, whom, whose,
that, which, as。
关系代词和关系副词，关系副词有：when, where, why。
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注意：关系副词里面没有how。
如果要修饰方式way ，用that 或in which 引导，或者不用引
导词。
I don’t like the way (that, in which) he eyed m e.
我不喜欢他看我的那个样子。
先行词是人：多用who（一）
先行词是人而关系代词在限制性定语从句中做主语时，下列情况多用who，也可用that，但是用who更常见。
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗？
A friend who/that helps you in time of need is a real friend.
患难之交才是真朋友。
先行词是人：多用who（二）
一、先行词是人称代词he, they, one(s)或指示代词those时，引
导词多用who。
Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.
要去长城的人在这儿签名。
Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty.
对一个有美感的人时间总是快速而过的。
二、先行词是指人的序数词或是被序数词修饰时。
The first man who talks to me will receive a surprising present.
第一个和我对话的人将获得一份惊喜的礼物，引导词多用who。
They were the first who were here.
他们是第一批到达这儿的人。
先行词是人：多用whom
先行词是人而关系代词在限制性定语从句中做宾语时，下列情况多用whom，也可用that，但是更多的情况下是采用省略关系代词。
关系代词在限制性定语从句中做宾语：whom/ that，更多省略He is the man (whom/ that) I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。
The students (whom/ that) you teach are now doing
experiments.
你任教的学生这时在做作业。
Then I telephoned the doctor (whom) Mr. White recommended.
然后我打电话给怀特先生推荐的那个医生。
先行词是人：只能用whom
先行词是人而关系代词在限制性定语从句中做介宾时，只能用
whom。
This is the man to whom I referred.
这就是我提到过的那个人。
The people with whom he worked thought he was a bit strange.
和他一起工作的人认为他有点奇怪。
先行词是人：只能用that
先行词是人时，在以下情况下，只能用that。
一、主句中包含疑问代词who或which时。
Who is the man that is standing by the door?
站在门边的那个人是谁呀？
Who that has ever worked with him doesn’t admire him?
曾经和他一起工作过的人谁不称赞他？
Which of us that knows anything does not know this?
我们中凡是稍有常识的人哪一个不懂得这个？
二、关系代词在从句中做表语时。
He is no longer the simple-minded man that he was five years
ago.
他不是五年前那个头脑简单的人了。
三、关系代词在从句中做宾补时。
He is not the fool (that) you thought him.
他并不像你想象的那样傻。
四、有两个先行词，而一个是人，另一个是物时。
He spoke largely of the men and the things that he had seen.
他主要讲了他所见到的人和物。
五、先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
He is the bravest man that I have ever seen.
他是我所见过的最勇敢的人。
六、先行词被all, any, no, only, same, very等修饰时。
Ask Tom or any other student that was there.
问问汤姆或是任何一位当时在那儿的学生。
He is the very boy that I am looking for.
他就是我在找的那个男孩。
先行词是人：不能用that
先行词是人时，在以下情况下，只能用who/whom，不用that。
一、定语从句中的引导词和谓语动词被其他成分所分隔。
He was a man who, if had been properly supported, would have
worked wonders.
如果当时给与适当的支持，他是一个本该创造出奇迹的人。
二、当先行词是集体名词被看作一群个体时。
The crew who were all asleep forgot to hoist the lantern.
熟睡的船员们全都忘了挂灯。
注意：当先行词是集体名词被看作一个整体时，关系代词要用
which。
先行词是人：多用which
一、当先行词指婴幼儿、小孩时。
He made a face to the child which was in the mother's arm.
他对抱在母亲怀中的婴儿做了个鬼脸。
二、当先行词是集体名词被看作一个整体时。
The group which is made up of ten members is responsible for
this decision.
由10人组成的那个小组负责这项决定。
注意：当先行词是集体名词被看作一群个体时，关系代词要用
who。
三、当先行词强调人物的身份（特征）、地位时。
He talked like a foreigner which/ that he hardly was.
他说起话来像个外国人，而他根本就不是。
四、当先行词强调个人的性格（特征）时。
He is the man which/ that he was.
他还是象过去那个老样子。
Bonny is quite different from the girl which/ that I thought her to
be.
邦妮完全不是我曾认为的那种女孩。
五、当先行词强调人的品德（特征）时。
He is a gentleman which/ that his little brother isn't.
他很有绅士风度，他弟弟却没有。
先行词是人：只能用whose
People whose rents have been raised can appeal．
那些被增加了租金的人可以上诉。
The film is about a spy whose wife betrays him．
这部电影是关于一个被自己妻子出卖的间谍的故事。
The man whose wallet had been stolen immediately reported
the theft.
钱包被偷的那个男子立即报失。
I’m writing a letter to Mike, whose mother is ill.
我在给迈克写信，他的母亲生病了。
先行词是事物：用that或which
A house that/ which overlooks the park will cost more.
面朝公园的房子要贵些。
She was not on the train that/ which arrived just now.
她不在刚到的那列火车上。
Thank you very much for the present (that/ which) you sent me.
非常感谢你送给我的礼物。
Is this the key (which/ that) you are looking for?
这就是你在找的钥匙吗？
先行词是事物：只能用that
一、先行词是everything, nothing, few, little, all, much等不定代
词时：
There are few that deal with this subject.
几乎没有人研究过这个课题。
All that glitters is not gold.
闪光的并不都是金子。
Tell us everything (that) you know, please.
告诉我你所知道的一切。
Is there anything (that) you don’t understand?
还有你不懂的东西吗？
注意：something做先行词时，关系代词多用that，也可用which。
二、先行词被all, any, few, little, no, only, same, very限定时：
There is no difficulty that we cannot overcome.
没有我们克服不了的困难。
This is the only thing that I can remember.
这是唯一我能记住的事。
I’ve read all the books that you gave me.
我已经读完你给我所有的书。
三、先行词被序数词所修饰时：
The first thing that we should do is (to) work out a plan.
我们应该做的第一件事是制定出一个计划。
This is the first composition that he has ever written in English.
这是他第一本用英语写成的书。
四、先行词是数词或被数词限定时：
The two books that I bought yesterday are English stories.
昨天我买的两本书是英语短篇小说。
五、先行词是形容词最高级或是被形容词最高级修饰时：
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
这是我所读过的最有趣的书。
This is the longest bridge that I have ever seen.
这是我见过的最长的桥。
六、关系代词在限制性定语从句中做表语时：
My computer is not the machine that it was.
我的电脑已经不如从前了。
七、主句是含有what about…的疑问句时：
What about designing car engines that do not pollute the air.
设计一种不污染空气的汽车引擎怎么样？
先行词是事物：只能用which
一、关系代词做介宾时：
They tried to think of a plan by which they could fulfill their task
ahead of time.
他们试图相处一个能够提前完成任务的计划。
二、先行词与做宾语的关系代词被其他成分所分隔：
I’ll send you a book next month which you will like.
下个月我将给你寄去一本你喜欢的书。
三、先行词是that(those)时：
Is it that which you asked me to find?
这就是你让我找的东西吗？
先行词是事物:whose,of which
先行词是事物：引导词用whose或of which They built a house whose walls were made of glass.
They built a house the walls of which were made of glass.
They built a house of which the walls were made of glass.
他们修建了一座用玻璃做墙的房子。
She lived in a town whose inhabitants speak French.
She lived in a town the inhabitants of which speak French.
She lived in a town of which the inhabitants speak French.
她住在一个小镇，镇上的居民讲法语。
The house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired.
The house the roof of which was damaged has now been
repaired.
The house of which the roof was damaged has now been
repaired.
屋顶被毁的那间房子已经修复。
关系代词的省略：宾语
He is the man (whom/ that) I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。
The students (whom/ that) you teach are now doing
experiments.
你任教的学生这时在做作业。
Then I telephoned the doctor (whom) Mr. White recommended.
然后我打电话给怀特先生推荐的那个医生。
Thank you very much for the present (that/ which) you sent me.
非常感谢你送给我的礼物。
Is this the key (which/ that) you are looking for?
这就是你在找的钥匙吗？
关系代词的省略：介宾
This is the man to whom I referred.
这就是我提到过的那个人。（介词和介宾相邻，不能省略）
This is the man (whom) I referred to.
这就是我提到过的那个人。（介词和介宾分离，可以省略）
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The people with whom he worked thought he was a bit strange. 和他一起工作的人认为他有点奇怪。（本句的介宾不能省略）The people (whom) he worked with thought he was a bit
strange.
和他一起工作的人认为他有点奇怪。（可以省略）
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This is the garden in which he sunbathed.
这是他做日光浴的花园。（本句的介宾不能省略）
This is the garden (that) he sunbathed in.
这是他做日光浴的花园。（可以省略）
关系代词的省略：表语
He is no longer the simple-minded man (that) he was five years
ago.
他不是五年前那个头脑简单的人了。
She is no longer the person (that) she used to be.
她已经不是过去的她了。
关系代词的省略：主语
There is…
There’s something (that) keeps worrying me.
有件事总让我担心。
There is a table (that) stands near the window.
有一只桌子放在窗旁。
There is somebody (who) wants you on the phone.
有人给你打电话。
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Here is…
Here is a book (that) will tell you how to master English quickly.
这让有一本书会告诉你怎样快速掌握英语。
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插入语I think, I know, I feel, He believes, He admits, He guesses之前作主语的关系代词也可以省略。
He stopped the students from doing things (that) he thought
were wrong.
他不让学生做他认为是错的事情。
He asked for something (that) I knew couldn’t be done.
他所要的东西我知道是无法提供的。
带介词的关系代词
一、where= in which, when= in which
This is the time when he normally arrives.
这是他通常到达的时间。
This is the time at which he normally arrives.
这是他通常到达的时间。(when= at which)
This is the time that he normally arrives at.
这是他通常到达的时间。（介词可以脱离关系代词，置于从句的
谓语动词之后）
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二、send the letter to whom, make the model plane for whom
He is the boy for whom I made the model plane.
（要注意to或for的正确选用）
He is the boy whom I made the model plane for.
（介词可以脱离关系代词，置于从句的谓语动词之后）
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三、come across whom, look forward to which
He is the man that/ who/ whom/ I came across in the park
yesterday.
（came across不能拆开，因为它是一个固定的词组）
（错例）He is the man across whom I came in the park
yesterday.
That was the kind of life that she was looking forward to.
（look forward to不能被拆开。）
关系代词：who
关系代词who 在从句中主要作主语，在非正式语体里who 还
可以作从句中的宾语。
I met someone who said he knew you．
我碰到了说自己认识你的一个人。
（who 在从句中作主语）
Succeed will come to him who is honest and diligent.
成功将归于诚实而勤奋的人。
The man whom I saw told me to come back today．
我见到的那个人叫我今天返回。（whom 在从句中作宾语）
关系代词：whose
whose 用来指人或物，（只能用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同
of which互换）。
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken
down.
那人车坏了，他们跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
关系代词：which（2）
当在which和that面前进行选择的情况下，一下情况要选which：1.在非限制性定语从句中通常用which作引导词，而不能用that
做非限制性定语从句的引导词。
2. 修饰整个主句。
I never met Julia again after that, which was a pity.
从那以后我再也没有见到朱莉叶，真是遗憾。
3. 修饰谓语部分。
He can swim in the river, which I cannot.
他会在河里游泳，那正是我不会的。
4. 介词+ which
They are all questions to which there are no answers.
那些问题都是无头公案。
初中英语定语从句关系代词和关系副词
定语从句讲解及练习 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom. 例：Is there anyone here who will go with you? 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 具体使用时还要注意下列问题：1,只能使用that,不用which 的情况： (1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如：All that he said is true. (2)先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。例如：He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. (3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：He was the second (person) that told me the secret. (4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。This is the best book (that) I have read this year. (5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：He talked about the people and the things he remembered. 2,只用which不用that的情况： (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：The boy,who is good at soccer,comes from Xinjiang. That necklace,which you gave me as a present,was lost yesterday.
定语从句讲解关系代词的用法
Unit 1《school life 》 Grammar （1） 定语从句(Attributive Clause) Ⅰ 根据初中所学知识，请用红笔标出下列表格中的定语 Ⅱ 定语从句的定义及其作用： 定语从句是又称形容词性从句,在句子中起定语作用,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可修饰一个句子.受定语从句修饰的词叫先行词. 定语从句的作用和作定语的形容词、介词词组、分词词组相似，有时可以相互转换，例如：金发女孩可译作a blonde girl ，a girl with blonde hair 或a girl who has blonde hair 。定语从句通常由关系代词that/ which/ who/ whom/ which/ as 或关系副词when/ where/ why 引导，这些词既指代主句中要说明的名词或代词, 又充当从句中的某个句子成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。 找出下列句中的定语从句；分析定语从句三要素 1. You are the right man whom we are looking for. 2. I’ve spent all the money that was given by my parents. 3. I will never forget the day when I joined the party. 4. This is the factory where the machines are made. 前置定语 后置定语 my book a holiday of seven days a seven-day holiday something important a good holiday a country developing fast a toy factory a book written by Lu Xun a developing country a book to be published a developed country a book which was written by J.K. Rowling 1先行词（名词或代词） 2关系词 3关系词在从句中充当成分 relative pron. (as sub. ,obj. ,pred.) (that 指人或物 / which 指物 / who(m) 指人/ whose) This is a book which was written by J.K. Rowling. relative adv. (as adverbial) (when / where / why) Ⅲ 定语从句的必备三要素
that关系代词用法-定语从句
that常用作关系代词，可指代某人，也可指代某物，指物时有的时候可用which替换that，指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下，一般用that。 一、that指代某物事时 1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如： 2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如： 3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如： 4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如： 5. 先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时。如： 6. 先行词前有the same 修饰，表示和先行词是同一物时。如： 注：如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用the same…as….如： 7. 先行词为数词时。
8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句，为避免重复，第二个定语从句用that。如： 9. 以which作主语开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复，定语从句用that。如。 10. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，而且通常省略。如： 11. 关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如： 二、that 指代某人时。 1. 泛指某人时。如： 2. 主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复时。如： 3. 先行词前有the same时。如： 4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如： 另外，that也可用作关系副词，表示时间、地点、原因和方式，在口语中可以用来代替when, where, why 引导的定语从句。在以下名词day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行词时，可用that作关系副词引导定语从句。如：
定语从句之关系代词
定语从句I 关系代词 定义：在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。 基本构成：先行词+关系间+定语从句。 先行词：它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 关系词：连接先行同和定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。 分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。 引导定语从句的关系词有两类：关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等，关系副词有when, where, why等。 一、关系代词的用法 1.who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。 Here comes the girl who wants to see you. 想见你的那个女孩过来了。(作主语) Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins. 丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。(作宾语) 2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。 Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about. 罗丝是你应该关心的人。(作宾语) 3.whose可修饰人，也可修饰物，表"所属"关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。 I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake. 我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。(作定语) 4.which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。 5.that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。 习惯上指人多用who, whom，指物多用which. The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语) The suitcase that lies on the ground is hers. 地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)
(完整版)定语从句超详细讲解
定语从句 一学习目标 1.熟练掌握定语从句 二考点解析 ⊙定从的功能—解释说明 This is the factory that/which can produce such machines 这就是能制造这种机器的工厂This is the factory that/which we visited last week 这就是我们上周参观的工厂 ⊙定语从句 定义：一个简单句跟在名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。 I bought a cow that looked like a horse. ⊙定语从句怎么考？ 语法 22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.（2016高考北京卷） A.whose B.why C.where D.which 完形 Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. （2016高考北京卷） 阅读&写作 A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.（2016高考全国卷D篇） Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. （2016高考北京卷阅读A篇） ⊙定从原理：把两个句子合为一个，两个句子有相同的部分，此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。
定语从句讲解关系代词的用法
Un itl 《 school life 》 Grammar (1) 定语从句(AttributiveClause) I根据初中所学知识，请用红笔标出下列表格中的定语 定语从句的定义及其作用： 定语从句是又称形容词性从句，在句子中起定语作用，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可修饰一个句子.受定语从句修饰的词叫先行词.定语从句的作用和作定语的形容词、介词词组、分词词组相似，有时可以相互转换，例如：金发女孩可译作abl on degirl， agirlwithbl on dehair 或agirlwhohasblo ndehair。定语从句通常由关系代词 that/which/who/whom/which/as 或关系副词when/where/why 引导，这些词既指代主句中要说明的名词或代词，又充当从句中的某个句子成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。 川定语从句的必备三要素 1先行词(名词或代词) | relativepr on. (assub.,obj.,pred.) 2关系词 (that 指人或物/which 指物/who(m)指人/whose) 3关系词在从 句中充当成分ativeadv. (asadverbial) (whe n/where/why) 找出下列句中的定语从句；分析定语从句三要素 1.Youaretherightmanwhomwearelookingfor. 2.I ' vespentallthemoneythatwasgivenbymyparents. 3.Iwillneverforgettheday whenljoinedtheparty.
定语从句中关系代词的用法
定语从句中关系代词的用法 在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词(定语从句所修饰的词)之后。定语从句由关系词来引导，关系词有关系代词和关系副词之分。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as等；关系副词有when，where，why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：1)引导定语从句；2)代替先行词；3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。如：The car which my unele had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake．句中which my uncle had just bought 是定语从句，修饰先行词the car；which是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the car，在定语从句中作宾语。 表一：关系代词的用法 表二：用which不用that的情况
表三：只用that不用which的情况(先行词是物) 表四：关于as引导的定语从句 2．有时候当先行词是表示时间、地点的词时，却不用when／where而用that／which引导。这时要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。如果是及物的就可用that(which)，否则可用where。 例如：I will remember the days that／which we spent together． 我会永远记住我们一起度过的日子。
This is the factory that／which you visited yesterday． 这就足你昨天参观的工厂。 3．way作先行词时，关系代词的使用： I don’t like the way(that／in which)he treats his parents． 我不喜欢他对待父母的方式。 4. that引导定语从句与名词性从句的不同： The news that he told us is true．(定语从句) 他告诉我们的新闻是真的。 The news that our team has won is encouraging．(同位语从句) 我们队胜利的消息真令人振奋。 That he has won the first prize surprised everybody．(主语从句) 他获得一等奖的消息令每一个人都惊奇了。 My idea is that you shut the factory．(表语从句) 我的观点就是你应该关闭这家工厂。 He said that he was going to leave．(宾语从句) 他说他打算离开这里。
定语从句关系代词和关系副词辨析
先观察下面各句，尝试总结一下红色部分的用法。 Do you remember the days when / in which I stayed with you in the USA? 你还记得我和你在美国共度的那些日子吗？ 2) The factory where / in which he worked for twenty years is closing down. 他效力了20年的那个工厂倒闭了。 3) The reason why / for which he was late for school was that he didn’t catch the bus. 他之所以迟到，原因是没赶上公交车。 4) I have read the book in which you are interested. 我读了那本你感兴趣的书。 5) The man with whom I talked just now comes from Japan. 刚刚和我交谈的那个男人来自日本。 6) This is the book which she is looking for. 这就是她正在找的那本书。 小结归纳 ●when 通常放在表示时间的名词后引导定语从句，如句1）； ●where放在表示地点的名词后引导定语从句，如句2）； ●why经常放在reason的后面来引导定语从句，如句3）； ★当引导定语从句时，关系副词一般可以转化为“介词+ 关系代词”，即： when / where 可转化为on / in / at等+ which， why可转化为for which（在口语中可用that或省略），这也是定语从句中的一种常见现象。 ★需要特别注意的是此时介词后的关系代词不能用that，如句1）、2）、3） ★另外，指代先行词的关系代词which, whom在从句中作介词宾语时，可以把“介词+ 关系代词(which / whom)”一起放在先行词和从句之间，如句4）、5）；★但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面，如句6）。 **★关系代词that和which在定语从句中充当主语或宾语 ★关系副词when/ where/ why分别在定语从句中充当时间状语，地点状语和原因状语。例如： This is the house where/ in which we once lived. 这是我们曾经住过的房子 （Where相当于in the house 做地点状语） This is the house which/ that they built last year. 这是他们去年建的房子 （which/ that 指代house 做built 的宾语） I’ll never forget the days when/on which we stayed in Beijing. 我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子 （When相当于on the days 做时间状语，on the days “在这些日子”） I’ll never forget the days which we spent in Beijing.我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子（Which指代the days 做spent的宾语） That is the reason why/ for which she told a lie. 那就是她为什么撒谎的原因。 （Why相当于for the reason 做原因状语 That is the reason which was told by the boy. 那就是那个男孩说的原因。 （Which 指代the reason 做主语） 注意：★确立关系代词which/that或关系副词when/where/why的方法： 看定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语，如果缺少用which/ that； 如果不缺主语或宾语用when/where/ why.
定语从句之关系代词讲解(一)
定语从句(一) 1.概念：在主从复合句中，修饰句中某一名词或代词，充当这一名词或代词的定语的从句， 叫做定语从句。 2.先行词：在总从复合句中，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。 3.关系代词：即连接主句与从句的词。 4.关系代词包括：that(即可指人也可指物), which(只指物), who(只指人，宾格whom及所 有格whose) 5.主从复合句表现形式： e.g. I like the dress which (my mother bought for me). (我喜欢我妈妈给我买的那条裙子。) 先行词 主句从句 6.关系代词的用法 ①连接主句语从句 ②代替先行词 ③在从句中做成份(如：做主语，宾语等) 7.关系代词在从句中做宾语及主语成分举例 e.g. (王叔叔就是我昨天拜访的那个男的) 中国是一个有着久远历史的国家。) 8.关系代词引导的定语从句（在从句中做成分） ⑴which: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ①做主语：They planted the flowers which (didn't need much water). (他们种植了不需要太多水的花) ②作宾语：I will never forget the days which (I spent （我将永远不会忘记我与你的家人度过的那几天） ⑵who: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ①做主语：The teacher who ( （昨天去看我的那个老师是李先生。） ②作宾语：The girl who/whom (I talked with (我刚才与之讲话的那个女孩将要去北京。) ⑶whose: 在从句中做定语(主语可以是人，也可以是物)。 ①作定语(先行词为人)： (他就是那个他爸爸是医生的男孩) ②作定语(先行词为物): I want to buy the house whose (window face south). (我想买那个窗户面向南方的房子) ⑷that:可在从句中做主语，宾语(即可指人，也可指物)。 9.只用that不用which的情况。 ⑴被修饰的先行词为不定代词⑵先行词被极限词修饰 ⑶先行词被序数词修饰⑷先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰 ⑸先行词即有人又有物⑹主句是there be句型
初中英语定语从句1关系代词引导定语从句讲解-练习及标准答案
定语从句１——关系代词引导的定语从句 一、考点、热点回顾 【词汇辨析】 1.ｅvery dａy& eｖerｙdaｙ evｅry dａｙ“每天”，作时间状语。eveｒydａy是形容词,“每天的,日常的”。 eg: She lｅarns sｏｍe eｖeryday Ｅnｇlish eｖeｒｙday. 她每天学一些日常英语。 He goｅs to bed ｌaｔe every ｄaｙ．他每天睡觉很晚。 ２．betwｅｅn& amｏng bｅtｗeeｎ常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间 amonｇ一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。 eｇ: Toｍis beｔween Ａnn and Maｒy.汤姆在安和玛丽之间。 Ｔheｙtａｌｋedａmoｎg tｈemｓｅlvｅs whiｌe thｅｙwａiｔｅd. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话 【固定搭配】tｏdo／doiｎg 在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式,也可以接动名词做宾语,但意思不同?1.forgｅt ｔo do 忘记做某事I’m sorｒｙ I ｆorgot tｏ poｓt tｈe lｅtteｒ． forgeｔ doinｇ做过某事忘了 I forgot teｌｌing hiｍｔhｅｎews ｔhe ｏther day. ?2. ｓtop ｔo do 停下来做某事He stoｐpeｄ to tａlｋ to ｍe ｗheｎ he saw me iｎ the ｓtreｅt yesｔerｄay. ｓtop doｉｎｇ停止做某事Ｐｌeａse stop talkinｇｌoudly ｉｎ the library. 3.try tｏ do 尽力做某事I’ｌl ｔry tｏ get there bｅforｅｓｕnｓet.我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。 try ｄｏing 试着做某事Ｗhy ｎoｔ tｒy kｎockiｎg aｔ the baｃｋ door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？ 4．ｒegrｅt to do 遗憾地将做某事 I rｅgret ｔo say ｔhａt Ｉcan’t gｏ with you. reｇreｔ doing 后悔做过某事I rｅgreｔｍｉssiｎg ｓuch a good cｈａｎce of praｃtｉsiｎｇ my spｏkｅｎ Engliｓｈ. 【关系代词引导的定语从句】 (一)、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：１）Thｅman wｈｏliｖeｓnｅxｔtｏus iｓ a ｐoliceman. 2)Yｏu must ｄｏeｖeryｔhｉng that I do. 上面两句中的maｎ和ｅｖerｙthinｇ是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词ｔｈat，which,who(宾格whom,所有格whｏｓe）和关系副词ｗhe ｒe, when、whｙ 、引导定语从句2、代替先行词３、在定语从句中担当一个成分 (二）、关系代词引导的定语从句 １.who指人，在从句中做主语 (１)Tｈe ｂoys who aｒe playinｇfootball arｅfrom CｌasｓOne.
定语从句讲解(关系代词的用法)
定语从句讲解 用（关系代词的
Unit 1 《school life ? Grammar (1) n定语从句的定义及其作用： 定语从句是又称形容词性从句,在句子中起定语作用,修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可修饰一个句子.受定语从句修饰的词叫先行词. 定语从句的作用和作定语的形容词、介词词 组、分词词组相似，有时可以相互转换，例女口：金发女孩可译作a blonde girl ，a girl with blonde hair 或a girl who has blonde hair。定语从句通常由关系代词that/ which/ who/ whom/ which/ as 或关系畐U词when/ where/ why引导，这些词既指代主句中要说 2 / 10
明的名词或代词,又充当从句中的某个句 子成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句 和非限制性定语从句。 定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所 以如果 在名词或代词后面出现一个从句， 根 据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断 是否是定语从句。 川 Th 定语从句的k 必Which was written by J.K. relative pron. （thal ativ 指人或物adVe Wh ）ich 指物 / 3关系词在从句中充当成分en / where / why ） 找出下列句中的定语从句；分析定语从句三要 素 1. You are the right man whom we are looking for. 2. I ' ve spent all the money that was given by my parents. 3. I will never forget the day when I joined the party. 4. This is the factory where the machines are made. IV 关系代词的用法: 1先行词（名词或代 词） 2关系词1
定语从句关系代词的特殊用法
定语从句关系代词的特殊用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, n one等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are present burst into tears. (2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, som e, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如： (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如： There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of w hom、are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。 (6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。 (7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。 (8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如： The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. (9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如： Is there anyone here who will go with you? 3．"介词＋关系代词"是一个普遍使用的结构
初中英语定语从句1关系代词引导定语从句讲解 练习及答案
定语从句1——关系代词引导的定语从句 一、考点、热点回顾 【词汇辨析】 1.every day & everyday every day“每天”，作时间状语。everyday是形容词，“每天的，日常的”。 eg: She learns some everyday English every day. 她每天学一些日常英语。 He goes to bed late every day. 他每天睡觉很晚。 2. between & among between 常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间 among一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。 eg: Tom is between Ann and Mary. 汤姆在安和玛丽之间。 They talked among themselves while they waited. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话 【固定搭配】to do / doing 在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思不同 1.forget to do 忘记做某事I’m sorry I forgot to post the letter. forget doing 做过某事忘了 I forgot telling him the news the other day. 2. stop to do 停下来做某事He stopped to talk to me when he saw me in the street yesterday. stop doing 停止做某事 Please stop talking loudly in the library. 3.try to do 尽力做某事I’ll try to get there before sunset. 我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。 try doing 试着做某事Why not try knocking at the back door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？ 4.regret to do 遗憾地将做某事 I regret to say that I can’t go with you. regret doing 后悔做过某事I regret missing such a good chance of practising my spoken English. 【关系代词引导的定语从句】 （一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
定语从句之关系代词讲解(一)
Where there is a will, there is a way. -----有志者，事竟成 定语从句(一) 1.概念：在主从复合句中，修饰句中某一名词或代词，充当这一名词或代词的定语的从句， 叫做定语从句。 2.先行词：在总从复合句中，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。 3.关系代词：即连接主句与从句的词。 4.关系代词包括：that (即可指人也可指物), which (只指物), who (只指人，宾格whom 及所有格whose ) 5.主从复合句表现形式： e.g. I like the dress which (my mother bought for me). ( 我喜欢我妈妈给我买的那条裙子。) 先行词 主句 从句 6.关系代词的用法 ①连接主句语从句 ②代替先行词 ③在从句中做成份(如：做主语，宾语等) 7.关系代词在从句中做宾语及主语成分举例 e.g. (王叔叔就是我昨天拜访的那个男的) 中国是一个有着久远历史的国家。) 8.关系代词引导的定语从句（在从句中做成分） ⑴ which: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ① 做主语：They planted the flowers which (didn't need much water). (他们种植了不需要太多水的花) ② 作宾语：I will never forget the days which (I spent （我将永远不会忘记我与你的家人度过的那几天） ⑵ who: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ① 做主语：The teacher who ( （昨天去看我的那个老师是李先生。） ② 作宾语：The girl who/whom (I talked with (我刚才与之讲话的那个女孩将要去北京。) ⑶ whose: 在从句中做定语(主语可以是人，也可以是物)。 ① 作定语(先行词为人)： He is the boy whose (father is a doctor). (他就是那个他爸爸是医生的男孩) ② 作定语(先行词为物): I want to buy the house whose (window face south). (我想买那个窗户面向南方的房子) ⑷ that :可在从句中做主语，宾语(即可指人，也可指物)。 9.只用that 不用which 的情况。 ⑴被修饰的先行词为不定代词 ⑵先行词被极限词修饰 ⑶先行词被序数词修饰 ⑷先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰 ⑸先行词即有人又有物 ⑹主句是there be 句型
初中英语定语从句---关系代词的使用
初中英语定语从句 一．定语从句的理解： 用来修饰名词或代词的词称为定语： a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red I know the girl. The girl is in red. (两个简单句) →I know the girl who is in red.（定语从句） This is a dream. The dream will never come true. →This is a dream which/that will never come true. The dog has been found. The dog was lost. → The dog which/that was lost has been found. This is the card. I’ve just received the card. → This is the card which / that I’ve just received. 定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 结构：先行词+ 关系词+ 句子 （一）关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语、宾语。 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. (3)Did you see the man who/whom/that/- I talked with just now? 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) (3)Is this the doctor that（whom）you talked about yesterday？这就是你们昨天谈论的那位医生吗？ (4)The letter that（which）I received yesterday was from my father．昨天我收到的信是我父亲寄来的。 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
定语从句翻译题一(关系代词)
定语从句练习一：写出含有定语从句的复合句 1. 这就是昨天给我们作报告的小王。This is Xiao Wang. He gave us a talk yesterday. 复合句： 2. 上周你看见的那个人已离开了城镇。The man has left the town. You saw him last week 复合句： 3. 桂林是座具有2000年历史的城市。Guilin is a city. It has a history of 2000 years. 复合句： 4. 妈妈做的月饼很好吃。The moon cakes taste nice. Mother cooked them. 复合句： 5. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很好。The man speaks English well. He lives downstairs 复合句： 6. 三年级的学生明天去爬山。The students are going to climb the hill tomorrow. They are in Grade Three 复合句： 7. 你昨天碰见的那位史密斯夫人是我的一位朋友。Mrs. Smith is a friend of mine. You met him yesterday 复合句： 8. 这是那本你正在找的书。This is the book. You are looking for it. 复合句： 9. 有一些我想看的电。There are some films. I’d like to see them. 复合句： 10. 你们刚才在谈论的那个人已经来到我们学校。The man has come to our school. You were talking about him just now. 复合句：