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高中英语单元测试卷1新人教版必修5

单元测试卷（一）

(时间：100分钟；满分：120分)

Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A new study has claimed that men really are more intelligent than women.The

study concluded that men's IQs are almost four points higher than women's. British-born researcher John Philippe Ruston says the finding could explain

why so few women make it to the top in the workplace. He claims the “glass ceiling” phenomenon is probably due to inferior(较差的)intelligence，rather than discrimination or lack of opportunity. The University of Western Ontario psychologist(心理学家)reached his conclusion after

scrutinizing

000

，

the results of university tests taken by 100

students aged 17 and 18 of both sexes.

A focus on the factors such as the ability to quickly grasp of a complex concept，verbal reasoning skills and creativity－some of the key factors of intelligence－showed that the male teenagers had IQs that were an average of

3.63 points higher.The average person has an IQ of around 100. The findings，which held true for all classes and levels of parental education，overturn(推翻)a 100-year conclusion that men and women average the same in general mental ability.They also conflict with evidence that girls do

better in school exams than boys. But Professor Ruston argues that the faster maturing of girls leads to them

performing better than boys in the classroom.

【语篇解读】最新科研成果表明，男性比女性智商高。

1．The report is mainly about________．

A．a study that shows men are cleverer than women

B．the“glass ceiling” phenomenon

C．Professor Ruston's theory of IQ

D．the difference between the male and female

【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段第一句话即点明中心，介绍一项研究成果——男

性比女性智商高。

【答案】A 2．The underlined word “scrutinizing” in the fourth paragraph probably

means________．

B．carrying out

A．making up

C．examining carefully

D．looking at

【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段内容可知，得出结论应该是在“仔细研究”试验

结果之后。

【答案】C 3．We can infer that the average woman has an IQ of________．

B．100

A．a little less than 100

D．96.37

C．more than 100

【解析】推理判断题。文章第五段提到男性的平均智商比女性高 3.63，而人的平均

智商约为100。那么可推断出，女性的平均智商应略低于100。

【答案】A 4．Which of the following opinions does Professor Ruston NOT accept?

A．Men's IQs are almost four points higher than women's.

B．Few women make it to the top in the workplace.

C．Men and women average the same in general mental ability. D．The faster maturing of girls leads to them outshining boys in the

classroom.【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段第一句可知，研究成果证明男性与女性在心智能

力上是不同的，C不正确。

【答案】C

Yawning is so contagious(具有传染性的)that chimpanzees can “catch” it

from cartoons，according to research. Scientists from Emory University in Atlanta，the US，have discovered that a cartoon of a yawning chimp will stimulate(刺激)real chimps to yawn.They describe in the Royal Society journal，Proceedings B，how this could assist in the future study of empathy(同感，共鸣)．The work could also help explain it and how computer games might cause children to imitate what they see on screen. Previous studies have already shown，contagious yawning in chimpanzees-

stimulated by video-recorded footage of yawns.“We wanted to expand on that，”explained Matthew Campbell，a researcher

from Emory University's Yerkes National Primate Research Center and lead author of the study.“We're interested in using cartoons for presenting stimuli to animals，because we can control all the features of what we show them，”he

continued. Although Dr Campbell does n't think the chimps were“fooled”by the cartoons

into thinking they were looking at real chimps，he explained that there was evidence that chimpanzees “process animated(动画的)faces the same way they

process photographs of faces”．He said，“It's not a real chimpanzee，but this kind of looks like a

chimpanzee，and they respond to that.”He and his team，including Devyn Carter who designed the cartoons，showed

the animals the yawning sequences.“We also had the cartoons doing other movements with their mouths that the chimps often do，”he said.“The chimps showed a lot more yawning during the

yawn video when the control videos were playing.”He told BBC News that the only way he and his colleagues could explain the “very strong difference”they saw was that seeing the yawns made the animals

yawn.【语篇解读】研究表明，黑猩猩会模仿动画片中黑猩猩的打哈欠动作，如果能充分

利用黑猩猩的这种模仿能力，人类对动物行为的控制将取得重大突破。

5．According to the passage，the scientists have found that________．

A．yawning is a contagious facial expression among chimps

B．chimps will imitate a cartoon chimp who is yawning

C．chimps are able to understand cartoons very well

D．chimps like watching cartoons very much

【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知黑猩猩看到动画片中打哈欠的黑猩猩

时，会进行模仿。

【答案】B

6．According to the passage，we can learn that________．A．yawning on both cartoon videos and pictures can make chimps yawn

B．Devyn Carter led the study about contagious yawning C．children will also be stimulated to yawn by the videos of chimps

D．people can control all the features of animals through cartoons

【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段后半部分中的内容可知无论是动画片中还是图片

中的打哈欠动作都可以让黑猩猩打哈欠。

【答案】A 7．By studying the action of chimps，the scientists hope to________．

A．teach them more body language of human beings

B．learn how chimps use their brains to study

C．control the actions and behaviors of animals

D．create more charming cartoon characters

【解析】推理判断题。黑猩猩看到动画片中打哈欠的黑猩猩后会进行模仿，第四段

的后半部分提到科学家可以控制所有的播放内容，由此可推断科学家希望通过研究黑猩猩

的模仿行为来控制动物的行为和举止。

【答案】C

8．The passage is mainly talking about________．

A．a serious research about chimps' body language

B．those contagious gestures of animals

C．why children imitate what they see on TV

D．a study about chimps' ability of imitating

【解析】主旨大意题。本文是一篇研究报道，第一段是文章的中心段，根据该段内

容可知文章是关于黑猩猩模仿能力的一项研究。

【答案】D

The first person who really opened the world's eyes to the plight(苦难)of Africa's young Aids victims was 11-year-old Nkosi Johnson，who made a speech at

the 2，000 international Aids conference in Durban.“I hate having Aids because I get very sick and I get very sad when I think of all the other children and babies that are sick with Aids，”the short

youngster told 10，000 delegates from around the world. Nkosi，who was at the time the country's longestliving HIV-positive child，

died the following year.His adoptive mother(养母)，Gail Johnson whose story is being turned into a Hollywood movie said Nkosi would have been excited to know children can get ARVs(抗逆转录病毒药物)and live longer lives.“But he would surely be disappointed there are not as many as there should

be，”she said. Even when children manage to get ARVs，some have nobody to make sure they take them correctly，as their parents die or are too sick to care for them.

Those living with HIV who do survive beyond childhood often face huge challenges that their friends can only imagine，including how to develop relationships with members of the opposite sex and have healthy children

themselves. About 11-million children in sub-Saharan Africa who have lost one or both

parents to the disease are often left to support themselves. Silindile Ncwane(17)from KwaZulu-Natal province explained the problems of living with his elderly grandmother who took him and his brothers and sisters

in after his mother died.“For me it's very hard to get them ready for school every day and help them with their homework.They always ask questions I don't know how to answer and it's very hard for me.I am being a mother to them，”Ncwane's grandmother

said.【语篇解读】由于Nkosi Johnson，世界开始关注非洲年轻的艾滋病患者。如今，他们可以通过服用ARVs来延长寿命，然而，他们面临的生活困难还有很多很多。

9．Nkosi Johnson________．A．drew the world's attention to the problems of Africa's young Aids

patients B．made a speech on human rights at an international meeting

C．played the part of an Aids victim in a movie

D．did a lot to help children with Aids in Africa

【解析】细节理解题。由文章的第一句话可知，Nkosi Johnson是第一个吸引世人

关注非洲年轻的艾滋病患者问题的男孩。

【答案】A

10．What challenges may the grown-ups with HIV face?

A．How they can live without their parents.

B．How they can make friends with others.

C．Whether they can get married and have healthy children.

D．Whether they can live a longer life.

【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第四段可以看出，如何和异性朋友发展关系并生育出

自己的健康的孩子是成年艾滋病患者所面临的一大挑战，而不是说交普通的朋友，所以C

项正确。

【答案】C 11．Some Aids children can not correctly take ARVs，because________．

A．their parents can't take care of them very well

B．the medicine is not very effective for children

C．taking the medicine will bring many side effects

D．Aids children don't read the instructions of the medicine

【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第五段内容可知，对于有些艾滋病患儿来说，没人能

确保他们正确服用了ARVs，因为他们的父母要么已去世，要么有病而无法照顾他们。故选

A项。

【答案】A

12．From the passage，we can know that________．

A．Nkosi was disappointed with his adoptive mother B．Silindile Ncwane was taken good care of by his grandmother C．children who are living with Aids get low marks in their studies

D．there are not enough ARVs for the Aids victims in Africa

【解析】细节理解题。由第四段可以看出，在非洲没有足够的抗逆转录病毒药物来

治疗艾滋病患者。A、B、C三项均与文意不符。故选D项。

【答案】D

Bill Gates，the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single university degree，is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business world's favorite academic title：the MBA(Master of Business Administration)．The MBA，a 20th century product，always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such

as philosophy and literature. But even with the recession apparently cutting down the hiring of business school graduates，about 79，000 people were expected to receive MBAs in 1993.This was nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960.“If you are going into the corporate world，it is still a disadvantage not

to have one，”said Donald Morrison，professor of marketing and management science.“But in the last five years or so，when someone says，‘Should I

attempt to get an MBA？’，the answer is ‘It depends.’”The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs，such as the late Sam Walton

of Wal-Mart Stores Inc.，has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management

skills can be taught.

Harvard Business Review printed a lively，fictional exchange of letters to dramatize complaints about business degree holders.The article called MBA hires “extremely disappointing”and said“MBAs want to move up too fast；they don't understand politics and people，and they aren't able to function as part of a team until their third year.But by then，they're out looking for other jobs.”The problem，most participants in the debate acknowledge，is that the MBA

has acquired an aura(气氛)of future riches and power far beyond its actual

importance and usefulness. Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say those with the degrees often know how to analyze systems but are not so skillful at motivating

people.【语篇解读】工商管理硕士学位是否值得拥有？本文主要以世界商业巨头比尔·盖

茨和很多成功人士都没有这一学位为例，对此提出质疑。13．It seems that the argument over the value of MBA degrees is fueled

mainly by________．

A．the complaints from many employers

B．the success of many non-MBAs

C．the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplines

D．the poor performance of MBAs at work

【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The success of Bill Gates and other

non-MBAs，such as the late...has helped inspire self-conscious debates”可知B

项正确。

【答案】B 14．What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to the Harvard

Business Review?

A．They are usually self-centered.

B．They are aggressive and greedy.

C．They keep complaining about their jobs.

D．They are not good at dealing with politics and people.

【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段第二句中的“MBAs want t o move up too fast，

they don't understand politics and people，and they aren't able to function as part of a team until their third year.”可知，他们不理解政治和人际交往，不能处

理好团队协作，故D项正确。

【答案】D

15．From the passage we know that most MBAs________.

A．can climb the corporate ladder fairly quickly B．quit their jobs once they are familiar with their workmates C．receive salaries that do not match their professional training

D．cherish unrealistic expectations about their future

【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“...the MBA has acquired an aura(气氛)of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and

usefulness.”可知D项正确。

【答案】D

Ⅱ.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多

余选项。Children in kindergartens have a lot of chances to interact(互动)with other children at their age.If your child is not in it，it can be fun and helpful to create chances to play with others.Here are some things you can do to support

your child's early partner relationship.

Schedule regular playmates.

Start when your child is around one year of age，set aside a few times a

week for playtime with partners.

，

__Even so

might want to give

you still

your baby a chance observe and interact with children who are at the same

developmental level.

Join a playgroup.

teract with her

__This can be a great way for your child to in

partners，and learn to feel comfortable in a new setting.As an added benefit，while your child plays，you can talk with other parents who have children the

same age as your own.

You can organize a playground in your own home.It may involve just one

or as many as three or four.

other child

，

__Remember

safety first.

：

Offer guidance when needed.

If you see a child playing in a way that might hurt another，certainly you need to help her find a safer way to have fun.

__But remember that so children need to watch for a while before they feel comfortable joining in－

encourage everyone to join the fun，but don't push.

A．Make your home safe for play.

B．Make sure there is an open classroom you can use.

C．You'll need a safe space that has been carefully childproofed. D．It is also necessary to help a child who does not know how to get

started.

E．Many communities have organized playgroups for young children.

F．It is enough to have a few interesting and safe toys to help everyone

feel comfortable. G．If you have older children，of course，they will do a lot of playing

with your younger ones.

【答案】16～20 GEACD

Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处

的最佳选项。My ears are recently full of joyous remarks from my friends such as，“Oh，Beckham is so handsome，so cool，that I can't help falling in love with

”Yeah

！

him

”or“what perfect skills he has

，

though

I agree

__some degree

I sometimes do want to ask them how much they

__Beckham

apart from his

，

appearance and ho

w much they know about

football__

__scoring goals.It seems

，

funny that we are crazy for things

with which we are unfamiliar or

we are

，

my friends

，

uncertain

but we all

．

consider this

，

__I

We need these pleasures to brighten up our lives.But that doesn't amount to

)

胡闹

__nonsense(

iness__

craz

As an old saying__

“Don't judge a book by

．

：

its cover.” We should not__

__anything from its appearance.We should all know

，

it is one'

__one a star

s good character and great contribution that__ and unforgettable.Therefore we'd bet

ter say__

__about Beckham's good looks.

，

If we close our eyes

__in deep thought

we can find that the

，

__us to be in truth happy

，

things

sad or moved

__a clear meaning.If we

)things

don't go deeper and just satisfied with superficial(

，

表面的

__we

wil

l find that we have not really gained anything__

__our first impression has

and we'll remain ignorant

，

blinded and misled us

(

__we realize

)__

愚昧无知的

that and make some changes. It is believed that thinking and going deeper than before is sign of 38

great

，

no matter If one day we are willing to go deeper into everything

．

how much it

how much __us

，

we will finally prove how much we have grown up

，

)

明智的

more sensible

mature

(

，

．

，

and intelligent we have 【语篇解读】本文是一篇具有一定哲理和教育意义的、夹叙夹议的议论文。

B．on

21．A.to

D．at

C．in

【解析】介词的固定搭配，“在某种程度上”。

【答案】A

22．A.learn from

B．learn

D．know about

C．know

【解析】know about“了解”从下文中也能找到相同的短语。

【答案】D

23．A.rather than B．except for

C．except D．apart from

【解析】apart from“除……外，还有……”，具有“附加性质”。其他选项具有

“排他性质”。从上文中也能找到相同的短语。

【答案】D

B．about that

24．A.with which

D．which

C．about which

【解析】此题为“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，about与be uncertain搭配。

【答案】C

B．as well as

25．A.not

D．but

C．rather than 【解析】从上文中的we all判断，“不仅仅是我，还有我的朋友”。

【答案】B

26．A.one of life's pleasures B．pleasures of life

C．one of life's sorrow D．one of life's regrets

【解析】从结构上判断，此句含有宾语和宾补结构，宾语为this，后用单数。从下

文的意义上判断，为“生活中的乐趣之一”。

【答案】A

B．and

27．A.nor

D．or else

C．or

【解析】否定句中用or连接。“不要达到疯狂和胡闹的程度”。

【答案】C

B．talks

28．A.speaks

D．goes

C．tells 【解析】“正如俗语所说的”，此四个选项都有“说”之意，然而它们都有自己的

搭配，A.speak s“说语言，演讲”；B.talks“交谈”；C.tells“告诉”；如用says是正

确的，此题中的goes与says同义。

【答案】D

29．A.take

B．judge

D．conclude

C．accept 【解析】judge...by...或judge...from...“根据……判断”，从上句中能找到相

同的意义。

【答案】B

B．causes

30．A.makes

D．creates

C．builds 【解析】“是一个人好的品德和贡献才使其成为明星”。make之后接复合宾语。

【答案】A

B．much

31．A.more

D．less

C．worse

【解析】从上下文意义上判断，“在外貌上要少说”。

【答案】D

B．fallen

32. A．fell

D．fall

C．falling

【解析】从句子结构上分析，用现在分词形式作伴随状语。

【答案】C

B．that moves

33．A.that move

D．moves

C．move 【解析】从句子结构上分析，此处为定语从句，that代替先行词things，所以谓语

用复数形式，关系代词在从句中作主语，that不能省略。

【答案】A

B．have

34．https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e9459091.html,ck

D．cover

C．include 【解析】此句的句子结构较复杂，主语是前面的the things，此题要填谓语动词，

由于主语和谓语之间有一个定语从句，造成了句子的复杂性，意义为“……有明确的意

义”。

【答案】B

B．indeed

35．A.in fact

C．in a while

D．sooner or later

【解析】从意义上判断，“如果我们不注重内含，满足表面的东西，迟早会发现我

们将一无所获”。

【答案】D

36．A.so

B．even though

D．although

C．because

【解析】从句子的连接上分析有“因果”关系。

【答案】C

37．A.even if

B．although

D．if

C．unless

【解析】从意义上判断，“除非我们意识到这点并做某些改变，否则的话……”。

【答案】C

38．A.joy

B．progress

D．work

C．effort 【解析】从意义上判断，“更注重内涵是一个人进步(成熟)的象征”。

【答案】B

39．A.cares

B．pains

D．minds

C．worries

【解析】pains在此为及物动词，意为“费(苦)心”，这种意义与上下文是相通

的。

【答案】B

B．made

40．https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e9459091.html,e

D．become

C．had

【解析】根据句子结构判断，应该用系动词。

【答案】D

Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 41.________(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even

42.________________________________________________________________ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 43.________(able)to “air condition”a house without 44.________(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat

45.________(slow) during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 46.________(cool) the house during the hot day；47.________the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle 48.________(go)day after day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As

49.________(nature)architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly

50.________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most

days.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国西南部的普韦布洛印第安人修建

的土坯房，这些房子白天吸收热量，晚上释放热量，从而使得房间内的温度适宜。这些房

子让现在的建筑师和工程师都赞叹不已。41．built 考查过去分词用法。由谓语动词are admired可知此处填非谓语动词，

adobe dwellings与build是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。42．the 考查冠词用法。根据句意可知此处为形容词最高级，故应该在most前加

the。43．ability 考查词性转换之形容词变为名词。空格前的their是形容词性物主代

词，其后应该接名词。44．using 考查动名词用法。由空格前的介词without可知空格处应该使用动名词形

式。45．slowly 考查副词用法。根据空格前的give out that heat可知，这里应使用副

词修饰动词短语，指缓慢地(slowly)释放白天吸收的热量。46．to cool 考查动词不定式用法。be＋adj.＋enough＋to do sth.是固定结构，意

为“足够……，能够做某事”。结合空格前的cold enough可知后面应使用动词不定式。

47．at 考查介词用法。at the same time意为“同时”，是一个固定词组。48．goes 考查时态。此处指前面提到的循环不断地持续下去。这种情况是客观事

实，故用一般现在时。49．natural 考查词性转换之名词变为形容词。结合空格后的architects可知应该

用形容词作定语，修饰名词，因此填natural。50．how 考查连词用法及理解语境的能力。空格后面的thick是一个形容词，填how

引导宾语从句，从句作figured out的宾语。

Ⅴ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中

共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线。并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 Hello ，boys and girls ！Today ，I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off.If you hear the alarm ，stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.Stay close to your teacher and classmate.Don't panic or get out of line ，and trying to remain quiet and calmly.Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire.If it's a false alarm and there is no fire ，your teacher will lead us back to the classroom.If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt ，tell your teacher immediately. 【答案】

what you should do with about I am going to talk ，Today ！boys and girls ，Hello stand in line at the door and ，off.If you hear the alarm go goes

when a fire alarm your teacher and your teacher to lead you outside.Stay close to ∧for

wait to remain quiet and trying try

and ，t panic or get out of line .Don'classmate classmates fire.If it's a false a the

.Soon the firefighters will come and put out calmly calm assroom.If back to the cl us you

our teacher will lead y ，alarm and there is no fire tell your teacher ，hurt and or

someone is missing you notice that immediately.

Ⅵ.书面表达(满分25分) 【导学号：01730030】假设你是李萍，你的笔友王强最近沉迷于电脑游戏而不能自拔，严重影响了学习和身心健康。请你给他写一封信劝说他戒掉这一不良习惯，并对他的学习生活给出自己的建

议。注意：1.词数100左右。

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

Dear

Wang

Qiang

，

views

I'm

writing

express

about

games.

Alth

computer

your

addicting

ough it's generally believed that computer games are interesting and can inspire our imagination，yet if you abuse them，they will be harmful to you in

many ways. To begin with，they will waste too much valuable time which should be spent

on your study or other beneficial things.In addition，playing games for a long time will do harm to your health，especially to your eyes.Worse still，some games are full of violence，which will be harmful to your mental health. Therefore，I strongly hope that you can break away from them.The earlier，

the better.In order to live a meaningful life，you can read more good books，take more exercise to build you up or participate in some social activities to

broaden your horizons.

forward

Looking

news.

good

your

Yours，

Li_Ping

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