研究生英语 听力原文人大听力1-2

Unit 1

Section Conversational Skills

Directions: Listen to a lecture on how to be a good conversationalist. Make notes to complete the outline below.

Have you wished you were better at making a conversation? A great conversationalist is someone who connects with people and makes them feel important. When they talk to you, they make you feel like you're the only person in the room.

Becoming a good conversationalist requires knowing three things: first, how to start a conversation; second, how to keep it going; and third, how to end it.

Starting a conversation usually means coming up with an opening line or ice breaker. The best kind of ice breaker is one that's positive. A compliment is always a good ice breaker and will usually be appreciated. Any news event is a good ice breaker. The fact is, any opening line will do, as long as it's not negative, and as long as it's not a lie. The best way to entice a person to have a conversation with you is by being sincere and respectful, and letting them know that you are interested in talking to them.

Once you've got a conversation going, the best way to keep it going is by asking the other person questions that don't require just a yes or no answer. Ask questions similar to those a reporter might ask to draw a person out; who, what, when, where, why and how questions. You keep asking questions based on the last thing a person says. This is called the "elaboration technique". Once you hit on something you find interesting, keep asking questions in order to get the person to elaborate about the topic as much as possible. A good conversationalist elaborates on the experiences they've had. Instead of saying the party was fun, tell why it was fun. Describe why you had a good time—who was there, what happened, where it was, and how people arranged the party. Go into detail. Description is the best form of communication because it keeps people's interest up and stimulates them.

If you started a conversation with another person, and you're having difficulty ending it, there are several signals you can send to the other person that will bring the conversation to its close without hurting anyone's feelings.

Breaking eye contact is a discreet signal that the conversation is about to end. Another way to signal is to use transition words like well, or at any rate. You may want to recap all that was said. Whatever you do, don't lie to the other person. If you're not interested in talking to them again, don't mention the possibility of a future meeting just to be polite. That's hypocritical. Instead, you may want to say, "Nice meeting you." And then, leave.

Finally, be sure to give the other person a good, firm handshake. The final impression you make can be just as important as the initial one you made.

Part III Listening Comprehension Test

Directions:In this section, you will hear ten short conversations about occupations, locations and relationships between two speakers. After you have heard each conversation, try to choose the best answer.

l. W: Did you go to the lecture given byAlan Shepherd from NASA yesterday?

M:Yes. And I was very interested in it. 1 hope that someday I can travel to the outer space myself.

Q; Who is Alan Shepherd according to the conversation?

2. M: I keep hearing the name Lucky Bumper. He sounds like a terrible person. Who is

he?

W; He isn't a real person. There is a TV show called "All in the Family". Lucky Bumper is the father.

Q: Who is Lucky Bumper?

3. M: Don't worry about the meter ma'am. It's broken. I'll charge you a flat two dollars for the ride.

W: If the traffic is this every day, it's worth twice as much.

Q: What is the man's profession?

4. W: I'm glad you could come today. The drain became stopped up yesterday afternoon.

M: Don't worry. I'll have it open for you in no time.

W: What is die man?

5.W: Would you mind sending champagne and strawberries to my room at 1 a.m., please?

M; I'll try, Mam, but on Wednesday the kitchen staff leave at midnight.

Q: Where does the conversation probably take place?

6. M: Before Sam built his house, he was living on a boat; and then in a tent.

W: Don't forget that just before he moved in, he stayed at the hotel.

Q: Where did Sam live first?

7. M; Mrs. Smith, the heating in our apartment is broken again- It's freezing up here. W: I'm sorry to hear that, Mr. Reed. I'll get someone to fix it right away.

M: We pay our rent on time every month, but there is always something wrong with the apartment.

W: I'm sorry you've been disturbed. I'll try to change new heaters for you this time. Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?

8. M: Well, we need some temporary labor in our packing department. Just for a short

time; but the job will be rather monotonous.

Unit 2

Section Q American Etiquette

Directions:Listen to a talk on American etiquette on certain social occasions. At the end of the talk, there will be three questions. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given for each question.

In general, it's polite to say "Congratulations!" (with a lot of enthusiasm) when

a person has accomplished something- Examples of these kinds of occasions include graduation, Jo

b promotion, the birth of a child, and the purchase of a home. When congratulations are in order, it is sometimes also appropriate to give a gift, especially when invited to a birthday, graduation, wedding, or anniversary party.

An invitation may say RSVP on the bottom, an abbreviation that refers to a French expression meaning "respond, please". If the invitation says, "RSVP regrets only," respond by mail or by phone only if you cannot come.

Equal attention must be given to good manners on sad occasions. If a coworker, classmate, or neighbor experiences a death in the family, it is appropriate to express sympathy. In doing so, the words die or death should be avoided. It is best to simply say, "1 was so sorry to hear about your loss." It's also customary to send a sympathy card, but if you don't know the mourner's religion, be sure to select a card without religious symbols. Most customs regarding mourning relate to the family's religion and vary from one group to another, so don't send flowers or food unless you know it's appropriate.

The simple words "I'm sorry" display good manners in a great many difficult social situations. "I'm sorry" has two main uses: (1) to express sympathy to someone who has had a bad experience; (2) to express regret for bothering someone or causing a problem. Other expressions of apology are "Excuse me" and "Pardon me". Use one of these expressions when you are trying to get out of a crowded elevator or stopping a stranger to ask directions.

Question 1: According to the talk, on what occasions is it especially appropriate to give a gift?

Question 2: When you receive an invitation which says RSVP, what are you expected to do?

Question 3: Which of the following behaviors is appropriate for you when you hear your friend experiences a death?

Part III Listening Comprehension Test

Directions:In this section, you will hear ten short conversations about offer and request between two speakers. After you have heard each conversation, try to choose the best answer.

1. M: Would you care for a biscuit?

W: Not just at the moment, thank you. I'd rather have another piece of cake if I may.

Q: What does the woman want now?

2. W: How annoying! I can't figure out a solution to this problem. Can you help

me?

M: Well, I'm afraid I can't at the moment.

Q: What does the man mean?

3. W: What can I do for you, gentleman? Maybe you like this suit, because the color

matches your skin and it is the latest fashion.

M: Yes, it's really a good suit and it's of good color. But I Just walk around and watch. Thank you just the same.

Q: What did the man accept?

4. W: Your garden is too dry, and it needs water. Let me give you a hand to water

the flower first.

M: The garden is dry and I'm drier, would you fetch me some water please?

Q: What did the man offer?

5. M: The room is too stuffy, let me turn on the ventilator for you and air the room. W: Yes, it's too smoky here and I can hardly breathe.

Q: If the woman accepts the man's offer, what will the man do?

6. M: What's the matter?

W; I have heard some strange engine noise when I'm driving 30 miles per hour.

M: Why don't you call the Car Talk program provided by the radio station? They can help you.

Q: What is Car Talk about according to this conversation?

7. W: The bus is so crowded, jammed like sardines. Oh, my God'

M: But can I offer you my seat? I'm getting off here.

Q: What do we learn from this conversation?

8. W: Let me get you some soft drinks, what would you like to have, Coca-Cola or

soda?

M: It makes no difference actually, but I'd like to have the latter if you don't mind.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

9. M: There will be a cold spell tomorrow. The news was too bad. It spoils all our

holiday plan.

W: Just cheer up! We might as well do something to make it up by touring the downtown part,

Q: What did the woman suggest?

10. M: May I help you madam? The skirt matches your blouse all right. And it's

surely better than the mini one.

W: But I tried it on a moment ago, and I didn't like it very much.

Q: What did the man suggest the woman do?

2011-2012-2研究生听力1-1

2011-2012-2研究生听力1 1. Mary and Jane, in turn, looked after their sick mother. 2. If I’d known your phone number, I would have given you a ring. 3. Please get to the Shanghai Museum no later than ten to ten. 4. He spent so much money on something he didn’t even need. 5. If I had one hour more, I would have been able to rewrite my conclusion. 1. A) Mary looked after her sick mother first, then Jane. B) Mary and Jane looked after their sick mother because their mother once looked after them. C) If Mary looked after her mother, Jane would do the same. D) Mary and Jane looked after their mother at the same time. 2. A) I couldn’t find your phone number anyway. B) I had no idea you would give me a ring. C) I did not know your phone number, so I didn’t call you. D) I looked up your phone number, but didn’t find it. 3. A) Please reach the Shanghai Museum at a quarter past nine. B) Please reach the Shanghai Museum at nine fifty. C) Please do not reach the Shanghai Museum after nine fifty. D) Please reach the Shanghai Museum earlier than a quarter past nine. 4. A) He s houldn’t spend money this way. B) He always buys what he needs. C) He had a lot of money to spend. D) He couldn’t afford to spend money on things he didn’t need. 5. A) She was able to rewrite her conclusion because she had enough time. B) She was given one more hour and therefore was able to rewrite her conclusion. C) She didn’t have enough time to work on her conclusion again. D) She was happy for having been able to rewrite her conclusion. 6. A) Mary did not call Bill.C) Mary answered Bill’s call. B) Mary called Bill. D) Bill answered Mary’s call. 6. Mary refused to return Bill’s telephone call. 7. Don’t accept his offer until after we have talked. 8. Let’s stop to work. 9. Robert missed his chance to meet the president. 7. A) No offer should be accepted according to the talk. B) The offer will not be accepted because of the talk. C) Don’t accept his offer before we’ve talked. D) Don’t accept his offer after we’ve talked. 8. A) Let’s start to work. B) Let’s stop working. C) Let’s stop working and have some drink. D) We’ll not stop working. 9. A) Robert met the president. B) Robert didn’t have a chance to meet the president. C) Robert wanted to meet the president. D) Robert did not meet the president. 10. T here are 1,240 new students in our school this year. 11. If I were you, I’d find a part-time job to earn some pocket money. 12. I never doubt that my dream will come true some day. 13. Bob likes nothing better than swimming and then sitting in the sunshine. 14. I don’t remember calling him. 15. Little children occasionally like to make fun of others. 10. A) We have 1,240 new students this year. B) We have 240 new students this year. C) We have 1,214 new students this year. D) We have 2,104 new students this year. 11. A) I am glad to know you’ve got a part-time job. B) I am glad to tell you I’ve got a part-time job. C) In your condition, I would get a part-time job. D) I will find a job for you if you’d like.

研究生英语听力原文翻译

1.你希望你在做谈话好吗?一个伟大的健谈的人是与人,让他们觉得自己很重 要。他们跟你说话的时候,让你觉得你房间里唯一的人。 成为一个好的沟通者需要知道三件事:第一,如何开始谈话;第二,如何保持下去;第三,如何结束它。 开始一段谈话通常意味着要有一个开口线或破冰。冰断路器最好是积极的。赞美的话总是一个很好的破冰船，通常会欣赏。任何新闻事件是一个很好的破冰。事实上，任何开口线都行，只要不是负面的，只要它不是一个谎言。为了吸引人和你谈话的最好方式就是真诚和尊重，并让他们知道你是在谈论他们的兴趣。 一旦你已经有了一个谈话，保持它的最好方法就是通过问对方问题，不需要回答是或否。问类似的问题记者会问出一个人：谁，什么，何时，哪里，为什么和如何的问题。你问的最后一个人的问题说。这就是所谓的“加工工艺”。一旦你想到你觉得有趣，不断地提问，为了得到人阐述的话题尽可能多的。一个健谈的人阐述了他们的经验。不是说党是有趣的，为什么它是有趣的。说明为什么你有一个很好的时间里，发生了什么事，它在哪里，以及人们如何安排宴会。进入细节。描述是最好的沟通方式，因为它让人们的兴趣，激发他们。 如果你开始与另一个人交谈，你有困难的结局，有几个信号可以发送给其他人，会将谈话接近尾声时不伤害任何人的感情。打破眼神接触是一种谨慎的信号，谈话即将结束。另一种信号是使用过渡词一样好，或者至少。你可能想翻新都说。无论你做什么，不要欺骗别人。如果你不感兴趣又对他们说，不要提及未来的会议可能只是出于礼貌。那是虚伪的。相反，你可以说，“很高兴见到你。”然后，离开。 最后，一定要给对方一个良好的，坚定的握手。最后你的印象会是重要的一个初始的你。 2。一般来说，是很有礼貌的说“恭喜你！“（充满激情的）当一个人已经完成的东西。这类场合的例子包括毕业，升职，孩子的出生，和一个家庭购买。当是为了祝贺，有时还适当的给的礼物，尤其是当被邀请参加一个生日，毕业，结婚，或周年晚会。 邀请可以说在下一个RSVP，指的是一个法语意思“回应”的缩写，请”。如果邀请函上说，“RSVP唯一遗憾的回应，“通过电子邮件或电话如果你不能来。 同样必须注意在悲伤的场合礼貌。如果你的同事，同学，邻居的经验在家庭中的死亡，这是适当的表示同情。在这样做的话，应该避免死亡或死亡。最好是简单地说，“我很遗憾听到你的损失。”

研究生英语听说教程听力原文

Take on Listening:Listening and Speaking Strategies Lesson 2 Denise: Excuse me, miss, how much does it cost to ride BART Stranger: Well, that depends on your destination. From here to Glen Park it’s only a dollar ten, but if you go as far as Fremont, it costs a lot more. Tom: We’re going to Berkeley. Do you know what the fare is Stranger: There are two stations in Berkeley. Which one are you interested in Denise: Oh, gee, I’m not sure. We’re from out of town. We’re visiting my sister. She told me her house is just a stone’s throw from the UC Berkeley campus. Which station is that Stranger: The downtown Berkeley station is really close to the university. I’m sure that’s the one you want. Denise: Tom, are you going to remember this, or should I be jotting this down Tom: What is there to write down, Denise The woman is giving us very simple directions. So, how much is the fare to downtown Berkeley Stranger: Let’s go take a look at the map over there. You see, the map shows you how much it costs to go from one station to another. Ah, there it is: two dollars and sixty-five cents. Tom: Two sixty-five That’s highway robbery for such a short distance! Denise: You think that’s expensive Tom from our house to Amherst it costs twice as much as that. Tom: Yeah, but that’s an hour ride. You really get your money’s worth. Stranger: Yeah…Uh…Well, did your sister explain which train to take Tom: Berkeley. WE take the Berkeley train to Berkeley, right Stranger: Well, no actually. That’s just one stop on the Richmond line. Here, let me show you on this map. Here we are a t Powell Street in San Francisco, and it’s basically a straight shot on the Richnond line to the downtown Berkeley station. Denise: Yes, my sister said we wouldn’t have to change trains. Stranger: Uh-oh, what time is it Denise: It’s 8:15. Stranger: You can’t go directly to Berkeley from San Francisco after 8:04. Tom: Uh-oh. Is there another train we can catch Stranger: Don’t worry. You can take the Pittsburg line. Look here, take the Pittsburg line to the 12th Street Station in Oakland, and then transfer to the Richmond train. The Richmond train will stop in Berkeley. Get off at the downtown station. From there you can walk to your sister’s house. Denise: We want to be there by 9 o’clock. If we have to transfer, w e might be late. Do you think we’ll make it in time Stranger: It doesn’t take that long. Let’s see; there’s a train from here at 8:18. It arrives at the 12th Street Oakland station at 8:34. You can get a Richmond train right away at 8:34, and you’ll arrive in Berkeley at 8:46. Tom: Let’s see if I’ve go t this right: We take the 8:18 Pittsburg train and arrive in Oakland at 8:34. Then we take the 8:34 Richmond train to Berkeley. That should be a snap.

研究生英语口语期末考试听力对话

Lesson 1 listening1 A: how do you think the transport system in our city could be improved. B: I think that the road building system could be made simpler. I never know where the bus routes actually go. The routes seem to twist and turn rather than going roughly in a straight line. A: I think we just need to build more roads. Then there would be more space for cars to drive and we?d have fewer traffic jams. B: if we built more roads, people would just fill them with cars again. I think we shou ld discourage people from using their cars. A; how would you do that? B; I think we should do a few things at once. Improving road building would encourage people to use that. If we also charge people to use their cars in the city centre, they won?t use their cars as much. A; I don?t know. I think it?s unfair to make drivers pay more money. They already pay a lot of tax-petrol tax, for example. B; I think that they should pay more tax. Look at the damage they cause to the enviro nment and people?s health by discharging all those exhaust fumes. A; the air would certainly be cleaner if there were fewer cars being used in the city. T he problem is that people will see it as reducing their freedom. It well be unpopular. B; that?s a good point. Car owners will probably be against it, but people who use roa d building will be in favor of it. A: do you think we should travel by bus or by train? B;it?s a difficult choice. The train is a litter faster, but much more expensive. A; we could face delays if we travel by bus, thanks to traffic jams. B; buses are more cramped and you can?t walk around. A; that?s true, but I feel that I see more when I travel by bus. B; really? I think you see more traveling by train. A:so, which form of transport do you prefer to use? B:I prefer going by train, ever though it costs more. A:ok them. We?ll go by train. I?m sure we?ll have a good journey. Shall we go to the s tation and buy the tickets? B: the train aren?t usually full. We can get them on the day we travel. We should buy return ticket because they are much cheaper than getting two singles. A; we should take a packed lunch on the journey. The food they sell on the trains is al ways expensive. Lesson 1 listening2 A:cough,cough,cough...... B:Are you ok? A:Yeah,I?m fine.I wa s just a little allergic to the dust in the air. B:I?m sorry to hear that.Nowadays,the environment around us is becoming worse and worse.

研究生英语听说教程(引进版)听力原文2(全)

TAPE SCRIPT LISTENING ATTACK STRATEGIES 1. Using What You Already Know EXERCISE 3Directions: Now, listen to a conversation between a worker and her boss. As you listen, look at your chart from Exercise 2 and circle the reasons and responses that are similar. Gloria: Good afternoon Mr. Carson. Thank you very much for taking the time to speak with me. Mr. Carson: I always make time for my best workers, Gloria. Please have a seat. What can I do for you today? Gloria: Well, as you know, I have been working here for about fifteen years now. I really like this company, my job is interesting, and the working conditions are generally pretty good. Mr. Carson: I'm glad you feel that way. Whatever we can do to make our workers happy is important to us. Gloria: Well, now that you mentioned it, there is one thing that "would make my life a little easier. Mr. Carson: Yes? Gloria: I haven't had a raise in more than four years. And with inflation, it's really getting tough to make ends meet. Mr. Carson: Four years you say? Hmm. Gloria: Yes. And in that time, I have had at least three pei'formance reviews that have all been excellent. You say I'm doing a great job here, and I think my good work should be rewarded. 练习三个方向：现在，听工人和老板之间的对话。正如你 听，练习2看看你的图表并圈出原因和响应 是相似的。 凯莱：下午好卡森先生。非常感谢您抽出宝贵 时间跟我说话。 卡森先生：我总是抽出时间对我最好的工人，凯莱。请有 座位。什么今天我能为你做点什么？ 凯莱：嗯，你知道，我一直在这里工作了大约十五 年了。我很喜欢这家公司，我的工作是有趣的， 和工作条件一般都不错。 卡森先生：我很高兴你有这样的感觉。无论我们可以做，使我们的 工人快乐对我们很重要。 凯莱：好了，现在你提到它，有一件事 “将让我的生活变得更轻松。 卡森先生：是的？ 凯莱：我还没有加薪在四年多的时间。并与 通货膨胀，它真的越来越艰难入不敷出。 卡森先生：四年前你说什么？嗯。 凯莱：是的。而在那个时候，我已经至少有三个performance 评论认为都非常出色。你说我做了很大的

研究生综合英语 听力原文

National Symbols When many people in the west think of China, the animal that they think of is the dragon. For them, the dragon is an aggressive monster that breathes fire. Many popular legends tell of how dragons killed brave knights and ate beautiful maidens. For Chinese people however, the dragon is not an evil monster. It’s a cultural and spiritual symbol for prosperity and good luck. The dragon’s main task is to create harmony and bring rain. Dragons are celebrated in art and architecture, and of course the dragon dance is a very popular ritual. Millions of Chinese have the word “long”, meaning dragon, as part of their name s. China isn’t the only country to have the dragon as its symbol. Wales, one of the four countries in the UK, has a red dragon proudly displayed on its flag. The only other country in the world with a dragon on its flag is Bhutan, the tiny country between China and India. Almost all countries in the world have an animal symbol to represent their country, and it is particularly obvious during sports. The English see lions as brave, proud animals and the England football team have three lions on the front of their football shirts. Australia is famous for kangaroos, of course. The national rugby team is more commonly known as the Wallabies, a kind of small kangaroo. Similarly, the South African team are known as the Springboks, a type of African antelope, and the New Zealanders, whether playing sports or not, are commonly known as Kiwis. A kiwi is a native New Zealand bird that can’t fly. All countries are proud of their symbols, which they feel reflect national characteristics or the beauty and variety of their natural environments. Recently, a Shanghai professor claimed that using the dragon as a national symbol could make western countries have a negative view of China. But in an internet survey 90% of Chinese people wanted to keep the dragon, and as we are all familiar with that Chinese symbol, people in the west would no doubt want China to keep the dragon too. Culture Shock (Terry Joyce talks about her experience of living and working in England, where she has been for the past eleven years.) Interviewer: So, Terry. You have been in England for quite a long time now. Terry: Mmm. Interviewer: What differences do you notice between England and the United States? Terry:Obviously the biggest difference is the people. The average Englishman is…mmm…cold and not very open. Interviewer: Oh. Terry: In the United States it’s very different. We start conversations with people in the street, in the subway; we’re a lot more outgoing than people here. You know, when I first came, I couldn’t understand why I was getting so little reaction from people, but now I see that they thought I was overpowering and too friendly too soon. Interviewer: But, tell me: Does the Englishman improves as you get to know him? Terry: Oh, yes. Interviewer: Oh, good. Terry: Once you have made a friend, it’s a friend for life, but it takes a very long time. I’ll tell you something that I think is very important. An Englishman in America is respected. Everyone

研究生英语听力原文

I'm standing in front of the Northeastern Women's Correctional Facility. This is a high-security prison that houses 1500 women convicted of kidnapping, robbery, and murder. I must say that it is an extremely uninviting place. When I was given this assignment, I was somewhat apprehensive, and I can honestly say that I am still quite frightened as I approach the main gate. My knees are a little wobbly, and my stomach is full of butterflies. Bell Sound I am now walking down Cell Block A. Each cell is approximately ten feet by eight and contains four small beds with thin blankets, no pillows or sheets, a metal sink, and an open toilet. Each tiny cell is the home for four women. The walls have numerous cracks and layers of paint chipping, and look as though they have not been painted in decades. There seems to be little fresh air or sunlight. The women all look sad and bored. Walking down the block, the strong smell of disinfectant is almost overpowering. This is definitely not the kind of place someone would want to be sent to. Bell Sound Now I am in the prison cafeteria. While I have been instructed not to speak with any of the prisoners, I am allowed to observe them while they are eating. The cafeteria has ten long tables with twenty women seated around each one on low uncomfortable-looking wooden benches. The menu for lunch today includes the following: a scoop of gray, lumpy mashed potatoes, a small piece of overcooked chicken, and a hunk of stale-looking bread. Fresh fruit and vegetables are nowhere to be seen. Needless to say, there is no salt, pepper, or other condiments available to the women, and they are not permitted to use knives or forks. Water is the only beverage available. It is safe to say that the focal being served is not healthy, and I wonder how these women are able to maintain their strength and health. Vicky: The Multiple Organic Diner? Emily, do you really want to eat in this hole in the wall? - Larry: Now, Vicky, Emily is trying to help us get back into shape. Besides, this place doesn't look so bad. It's a little dark maybe, but I'm sure it's clean. Emily: That's the spirit. Let's take that table over there. Vicky: I suppose there's no smoking allowed in here. Emily: Of course not, big sister. This is a health food restaurant. Besides, I thought you said you were going to kick the habit. Vicky: Well, Emily, I've tried. But, every time I stop smoking, I gain ten pounds. I don't think I'll ever be able to give up smoking. Emily: But you'll feel so much better when you do! I've been eating well and exercising every day. I run two miles every other day and play tennis every Sunday. I feel wonderful and everybody tells me I a look great. Larry: Yeah, Vicky, I think Emily is right. By the way, where's the waiter?

研究生英语听力考试原文

Section C Adults are getting smarter about how smart babies are. Not long ago, researchers learned that 4-day-oldscould understand (36) addition and subtraction. Now, British research (37) psychologist Graham Schafer has discovered that infants can learn words for uncommon things long before they can speak. He found that 9-month-oldinfants could be taught, through repeated show-and-tell, to (38) recognize the names of objects that were foreign to them, a result that (39) challenges in some ways the received (40)wisdom that, apart from learning to (41)identify things common to their daily lives, children don’t begin to build vocabulary until well into their second year. “It’s no (42) secret that children learn words, but the words they tend to know are words linked to (43)specific situations in the home,” explains Schafer.” (44)This is the first demonstration that we can choose what words the children will earn and they can respond to them with an unfamiliar voice giving instructions in an unfamiliar setting.” Figuring out how humans acquire language may shed light on why some children learn to read and write later than others, Schafer says, and could lead to better treatments for developmental problems. (45) What’s more, the study of language acquisition offer s direct insight into how humans learn.“Language is a test case for human cognitive development,” says Schafer. But parents eager to teach their infants should take note: (46) Even without being taught new words, a control group caught up with the other infants within a few moths .“This is not about advancing development,” he says. “It’s just about what children can do at an earlier age than what educators have often thought. Section C Instructors at American colleges and universities use many different teaching (36) methods. Some instructors give (37) assignmentsevery day. They grade homework. Students in their classes have to take many (38) quizzes, a midterm exam, and a final exam. Other instructors give only writing tasks. Some teachers always follow a course (39) outlineand usually use the textbook. Others send students to the (40) libraryfor after-class work. The (41) atmospherein some classrooms is very formal. Students call their instructors “Professor Smith”, “Mrs. Jones”, and so on. Some teachers wear (42) businessclothes and give lectures. Other classrooms have an (43) informalatmosphere. Students and teachers discuss their ideas. (44) Instructors dress leisurely, and students call them by their first names, and American teachers are not alike in their teaching styles. At most American colleges and universities, facilities for learning and recreation are available to students. (45) Students can often use typewriters, tape recorders, video machines, and computers at labs and learning