英语词汇语法练习3

练习（3）

1. Ability to get along with people is an ____ in business.

A) capital B) property C) goods D) asset

2. Many Africans were ____ to Christianity.

A) changed B) transformed C) converted D) exchanged

3. The ____ scene of the waterfall is a perfect delight to the eye.

A) significant B) magnificent C) superstitious D) substantial

4. A lot of traffic accidents____ from carelessness.

A) arouse B) arise C) raise D) rise

5. The teacher____ me____ for disobedience.

A) called ...down B) called...upon C) called...off D) called...out

6. Some areas, ____their severe weather conditions, are hardly populated.

A) due to B) but for C) in spite of D) with regard to

7. I left for the school earlier than usual this morning ____ traffic jam.

A) in terms of B) in case of C) for the sake of D) at the risk of

8. John felt very ____ when everyone laughed at his question.

A) boring B) complex C) embarrassed D) encouraged

9. He criticized everything and everybody, and even ____ his teachers.

A) ran over B) ran down C) ran against D) ran into

10. In this experiment, they are wakened several times during the night, and asked to report what they ____.

A) had been dreaming B) have been dreaming C) are dreaming

D) had dreamt

11. It was several hours before I was ____ of what was happening.

A) alive B) aware C) awake D) ware

12. Understanding this article is ____ a seven-year-old child’s capacity.

A) on B) up C) down D) beyond

13. Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help ____friendly relations between our two universities.

A) foster B) utilize C) cherish D) raise

14. Such a difficult operation may not succeed, it’s a(n) ____ gamble.

A) essential B) fundamental C) elementary D) inevitable

15. The Chinese nation is____ for its diligence and courage.

A) disgusted B) distinguished C) discouraged D) disappointed

16. ____ right now, she would not be late for the class.

A) Would she leave B) If she leave C) Were she to leave D) If she had left

17. The student was very excited when he ____ his teacher in this important lecture.

A) assisted B) insisted C) resisted D) persisted

18. In a few days Mr. Barnstaple had ____strength of body and mind

A) retreated B) recorded C) recovered D) replaced

19. He was bothered by the____ bark of dogs in the neighborhood every night.

A) constant B) perpetual C) long D) steady

20. The Song Dynasty contributed three great inventions____ world civilization.

A) to B) towards C) with D) in

21. Anyone who has spent time with children is aware of the difference in the way boys and girls respond to ____ situation.

A) similar B) alike C) same D) likely

22. In this factory , suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully ____.

A) admitted B) acknowledged C) absorbed D) considered

23. The boy slipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool without his parents’____.

A) command B) conviction C) consent D) compromise

24. In a typhoon , winds____ a speed greater than 120 kilometers per hour.

A) assume B) accomplish C) attain D) assemble

25. Difficulties and hardships have ____the best qualities of the young geologist.

A) brought out B) brought about C) brought forth D) brought up

26. The bank manager asked his assistant if it was possible for him to____ the investment plan within a week.

A) work out B) put out C) make out D) set out

27. Richard doesn’t think he could ever____ what is called “free-style” poetry.

A) take on B) take over C) take to D) take after

28. Californians and New Englanders speak the same language and ____by the same federal laws.

A) stand B) conform C) abide D) sustain

29. The long-awaited Hubble Space Telescope, ____to orbit the Earth next March, will observe some of the oldest stars in the sky.

A) subject B) owing C) available D) due

30. Although we had told them not to keep us waiting, they made no ____ to speed up deliveries.

A) trial B) attempt C) action D) progress

1. 【答案】D

【译文】在商业界友善跟别人相处是可贵的优点。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生掌握几个“资产”的细微差别。 【详细解答】capital指资本，资产；property指财产，所有物；goods 指货物；asset指资产，优点。

2. 【答案】C

【译文】许多非洲人都改信基督教。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生掌握几个“转变”的细微差别。 【详细解答】transform指在性质上或形态上发生彻底或基本的变化；convert指改变信仰；exchange指交换。

3. 【答案】B

【译文】瀑布的宏伟景象真是好看极了。

【试题分析】词义辨析题，要求考生掌握几个形容词的意思。

【详细解答】significant指有意义的，重大的；magnificent指华丽的，雄伟的；superstitious指迷信的；substantial指实质的，坚固的。

4. 【答案】B

【译文】许多的交通事故是由疏忽大意引起的。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考试掌握几个形似，意似的词语的差别。

【详细解答】arouse指唤起，引起；arise(from)指发生，起因于；raise 是及物动词指提高，饲养；rise是不及物动词，指升起。

5. 【答案】A

【译文】因我不听话，老师训斥了我

【试题分析】短语辨义题，要求考生掌握几个跟call组成短语的意思。

【详细解答】call down指挑剔、找麻烦,斥责；call upon指命令；要求；call off指取消；call out指召集使集中；召唤。

6. 【答案】A

【译文】有些地区，由于恶劣的天气情况，几乎没有人居住。

【试题分析】短语辨义题。

【详细解答】due to指由于；but for指要不是；in spite of指不管；with regard to指关于。

7. 【答案】B

【译文】我今天提前去学校，以防塞车。

【试题分析】短语辨义题。

【详细解答】in terms of 指根据，按照；in case of指假设，万一；for the sake of指为了；at the risk of指冒危险。

8. 【答案】C

【译文】当每个人都嘲笑他的问题的时候，约翰感到很尴尬。

【试题分析】词语辨析题。

【详细解答】boring指令人厌烦的；complex指复杂的，合成的；embarrassed指尴尬的；encouraged指被鼓舞的。

9. 【答案】B

【译文】他批评所有的事，所有的人，甚至还诋毁自己的老师。

【试题分析】短语辨析题。

【详细解答】run...over指撞到，碾过；run...down指批评，贬低；run...against 指违反，偶遇；run...into 指进入，偶遇。

10. 【答案】B

【译文】在实验期间，他们被叫醒几次，报告他们刚刚梦到了什么。 【试题分析】语法题，要求考生掌握现在完成进行时的用法。

【详细解答】此句要求用现在完成进行时，表示一直进行到现在的动作。

11. 【答案】B

【译文】等我意识到发生了什么时，已经过去几个小时了。

【试题分析】词语辨析题。

【详细解答】alive指活着的；aware指意识到的；awake指醒的；ware 指器皿。

12. 【答案】D

【译文】七岁的小孩是看不懂这篇文章的。

【试题分析】考察介词的意思以及用法。

【详细解答】只有D) beyond超越与题意相符，为正确答案。

13. 【答案】A

【译文】经常的文化交流肯定有助于发展我们两校之间的友好关系。 【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生掌握几个动词的意思和运用。 【详细解答】foster指培养，助长；utilize指运用，利用；cherish指珍爱，怀抱（希望）；raise指提高，饲养。

14. 【答案】D

【译文】这样难度很大的手术可能不成功,但这是一次非做不可的冒险。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生掌握几个形容词的意思。

【详细解答】essential指本质的，实质的；fundamental指基本的；elementary指初步的；inevitable指不可避免的。

15. 【答案】B

【译文】中华民族以勤劳勇敢著称。

【试题分析】词义辨析题。

【详细解答】disgusted指厌恶的；distinguished指卓著的，优秀的；discouraged指气馁的；disappointed指失望的。

16. 【答案】C

【译文】如果她立刻就走，她上学就不会迟到。

【试题分析】考虚拟语气，要求学生掌握：省略了if时，句子要倒装。

【详细解答】虚拟语气，省略了if，句子部分倒装。

17. 【答案】A

【译文】那个学生很兴奋他可以在重要的演讲中当老师的助手。 【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生掌握几个形似的词语的意思。 【详细解答】assist指协助帮助；insist指坚持；resist指抗拒，拒绝；persist指坚持，持久。

18. 【答案】C

【译文】几天之后，巴斯得波先生恢复了身体和思维。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生掌握几个形似的词语的意思。 【详细解答】retreat指撤退；record指录音；recover指使恢复原状,使(身体)复原；replace指取代，代替。

19. 【答案】A

【译文】每天晚上附近的持续的狗叫声吵得他不得安宁。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生掌握几个“不断的”的细微差别。 【详细解答】constant指始终如一的，不变的，持续地发生或反复地发生；perpetual指永久的，不间断的；steady 指稳定的。

20. 【答案】A

【译文】宋朝为世界文明贡献出三大发明。

【试题分析】搭配题，要求考生掌握contribute和介词的搭配。 【详细解答】contribute和to 搭配，指贡献，捐献。

21.【答案】A

【译文】只要和孩子们相处一段时间，任何人都会了解到对于相同的情况，男孩和女孩的反应是不同的。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生能辨析几个“相似”的差别，并能正确运用。

【详细解答】similar表示“相似的，相同的”。alike表示“相同的，相像的”，只能作句子的表语，不能作定语修饰名词。same表示“相同，完全一致，没有差别的”，需与the连用。likely表示“似真的，可能的，有希望的”，不合句意。

22.【答案】A

【译文】在这座工厂里，建议在被完全采纳前常常要等待数月。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生能辨析几个“承认”的差别，并正确使用。

【详细解答】admit表示“承认，接纳”。acknowledge表示“公开承认(错误或事实)，公认，感谢”。absorb表示“吸引，吸收”。consider表示“思考，考虑”。

23.【答案】C

【译文】那个小男孩偷偷溜出房间，去游泳池而没有得到父母的允许。

【试题分析】词语辨析，要求考生能辨析几个形近词的用法。

【详细解答】consent表示“同意，允诺，赞成”。command表示“命令，

指挥，指令”。

conviction表示“确信，确定”。compromise表示“妥协，让步”。

24.【答案】C

【译文】当台风来时，风速可以达到每小时120公里以上。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生能辨析形近词的意思及用法。 【详细解答】attain 表示“达到，获得”。assume 表示“假定，假设”。accomplish表示“完成(工作或任务)，达到(某个程度)”。assemble表示“集合，装配”。

25.【答案】A

【译文】艰难和困苦锻炼出了这位年青地质学家的优秀品质。

【试题分析】词组辨析题，要求考生掌握bring与介词或副词搭配的词组。

【详细解答】bring out 表示“生产，出版，使出现”。bring about表示“使……(事件)发生”。

bring froth表示“提出，出示”。bring up表示“抚养，养育”。

26.【答案】A

【译文】银行经理问他的助手是否能在一周内设计出投资计划。 【试题分析】词组辨析题，要求考生掌握含有out的短语。

【详细解答】work over表示“设计出，计算出”。put out表示“放出，生产”。

make out表示“说明，写出”。set out表示“出发，开始，动身”。

27.【答案】C

【译文】Richard 从不认为自己会喜欢所谓的“自由体”诗歌。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生掌握take类短语。

【详细解答】take to 表示“开始，喜欢，适应”。take on 表示“呈现，具有……”。

take over 表示“接收，接管”。take after表示“模仿，长得像……一样”。

28.【答案】C

【译文】加利福尼亚人和新英格兰人讲同一种语言，且遵守同样的联邦法律。

【试题分析】词语辨析题。要求考生掌握几个“坚持”的用法。

【详细解答】abide by表示“坚持，遵守”。stand by 表示“支持，站在……一边”。

conform 表示“使……一致”，与to连用。sustain表示“支撑，维持”。

29.【答案】D

【译文】期盼已久的哈勃太空望远镜，明年三月预计沿地球轨道运行，它将观测太空中的一些最古老的星体。【试题分析】词语辨析题。 【详细解答】due表示“预期的，预计的”。due to 接名词表示“因为”。subject to表示“服从，听命于”。

owing to表示“由于，因为”。available表示“有用的，存在的”，可接to sb. 或to sth.

30.【答案】B

【译文】尽管我们早已告知他们别让我们久等，他们却丝毫没有加速送

货的意思。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生掌握几个“试图”的差异，并能正确使用。

【详细解答】make与attempt和progress都是常用搭配，make progress(取得进步)不合句意，“没有

尝试加快送货”at tempt符合该句句意。

词汇与语法

Word List (单词表) message n. 要旨，要点 tricky adj. (工作、问题等)微妙的，棘手的;(人)狡猾的beginning n. 开始;起初 semester n. (尤指美国大专院校的)学期m cover v. 处理 duty n. 任务 management n. 管理 number one adj. 最重要的;头号的 seriously adv. 真心地，当真地;认真地，严肃地 once conj. 一旦……(就……) weekly adj. 每周一次的 follow v. 遵照;沿用 following adj. 紧接着的 realistic adj. 现实可行的 essay n. 作文;短文 quiz n. 考查;测验 upset v. 打乱(计划等);打翻 ability n. 能力;才智

grade n. (考试或作业的)分数 achieve v. 获得 flexible adj. 灵活的 re-plan v. 重新计划 basis n. 基础;根据 project n. 课题;科研项目 mid-term adj. 期中的 solid adj. 扎实的 schedule n. 计划表 alive adj. 起作用的;现存的;活着的assignment n. (指定的)作业 activity n. 活动 social adj. 社交的;交谊的 seem v. 似乎;好像 back adj. 以前的;过去的 Proper Names Elwood N. Chapman 埃尔伍德·N·查普曼(人名) Useful Expressions(常用短语)

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