定语从句讲义(教师版)

模块简介

☆主要应用：本模块主要考察引导词的应用,随着高考英语的改革,英语语法的考点也有所改变,现在主要应用在短文改错和语法填空中

☆模块等级：本模块难度中等,学生的基础稍微弱一些也可以接受,基础弱的学生需要5-8课时（2h/课）不等,中等学生3课时（2h/课）可以基本掌握,基础好的学生1-2课时（2h/课）可以搞定

☆知识分布：每节课需要先讲解10个高考重点词汇辨析,之后讲解语法知识,语法知识中的例句与练习题可以相应练习本堂课程中的重点词汇,从而达到复习的效果

☆习题分布：习题包括08-14年高考题,辽宁省模拟题并且平均练习各个考点

☆通关确保：本部分习题为课后作业,分为牛刀小试,略有所成,炉火纯青等不同难度的单项选择还包括语法填空与短文改错从而达到最高效的练习

☆易混模块：本模块容易与名词性从句状语从句混淆,所以三大从句讲解完毕之后会配有知识点总结与

习题练习

定语从句

【知识清单】

【考点一】句子结构

简单句（只有一套主谓结构）

（1）主.谓I sleep.

（2）主.谓.宾I study English.

（4）主.谓.间宾.直宾He gave me anoffer.

（3）主.谓.宾.宾补He makes medelighted. （即双宾语结构）（人一般为间接宾语,物为直接宾语）（5）主.系.表I am a teacher.

复合句（有两套或两套以上的主谓结构）

The girl is beautiful.

The girl has long hair.

1）并列句①表递进：and. not only...but also.... neither...nor...

She not only dances well but also sings well.

Neither do I know his address, nor do my parents.

②表选择：or. Either...or.....

You can stay here ,or you can leave.

Either you leave or I leave.

③表转折：but. Yet. Whereas(然而）.

Some men are rich, whereas others are poor.

He tried his best, but he failed.

④表因果：so. For.

I must be off now, for my sister is waiting for me.

I work hard, so I was able to pass the exam.

（2①定语从句：The ∧girl (who has long hair）is beautiful.

beautiful划线部分作用相同,即定语从句起到形容词的作用

②状语从句：(时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较) 一、定语从句的相关概念

I always want to eat something tasty recently.

作用相同,即状从起副词作用

I always want to eat something tasty when I’m hungry.

③名词性从句：（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）

The news made me crazy.

名词the news和主语从句作用相同,皆充当主语,即名词性从句起名词作用

（What he said）made me crazy.

【考点二】定语从句基本概念

定语：相当于adj.,修饰主句中的名词或代词

定语从句：相当于adj.,只不过形式是一个句子

基本构成：

The girl （whohas long hair）is beautiful.

先行词关系词

n.&pron,&一句话作用：（1）连接作用

（2）替代作用（替代先行词）

（3）作句子中的成分

that、as、which 、who 、whom 、whose:关系代词充当主、宾、表、定

when 、where 、why：关系副词充当状语

注：定从的关系词没有what和how,在定从中,它们就像过街的老鼠,人人喊打,出现就将其pass 【考点三】定语从句和先行词的判断方式

定从：n+(______ + V1)+V2 注：根据动词划分句子是三大从句的基本判断方法

先行词：能够放入到从句中构成一句话（可加介词和所有格）

【基础过关】

1.I deliver some flowers to a woman _that/who___always appears in my dreams.

2. Don’t stare at the girl ___ that/who ____is my younger sister.

3. I prefer to take a bus rather than take a taxi____that/which___ is more expensive than the former.

4. The story is very moving_ that/which_ is based on a real event.

5. The house____where______ I grew up has been taken down and replaced by an office building.

二、关系代词的辨别

【知识清单】

【考点一】who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语

The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的

【考点二】whom指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略

Green is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.

注：who与whom 都可做宾语,但是若前面有介词,只能用whom,其他情况两者通用

The man ( whom / who/that/不填 )you met just now is my old friend.

【考点三】whose指谁的,做先行词的定语

指人时：whose+名词=of whom+the+名词=the+名词+of whom

指物时：whose+名词=of which+the+名词=the+名词+of which

【基础过关】

1.I've become good friends with several of the students in my school _that/who/whom____ I met in the English

speech contestlast year.

2.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of __whom_____left their village homes for a better life

in the city.

3. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ___whose_____ lives were affected.

4. The people __who/that_____ are required to attend the meeting should turn up on time.

5. The goods__that/which_____ I bought on the Single Day was transported from Beijing.

【考点四】which指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略

Football is a game which is liked by most boys. （注：填which、that）

Football is a game which most boys like. （注：which/that/不填都可）

注：注前面用一句话做先行词,用关系代词which/as引导（常用在非限制定语从句中）

【考点五】as 指人或物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语一般不可省略

注：which和as的区别

（1）当先行词有such、the same修饰时用as

I've never heard such stories as he tells.

注：such as与such that的区别：

Tom is such a boy __as__ everyone likes. such...as引导的定语从句

Tom is such a boy __that__ everyone likes him. such...that引导的结果状语从句

从句中如果缺成分用as,不缺成分用that

（2）当翻译成“正如”时,用as

He opposed the idea, as could be expected.

( 3) as意为”正如,好像”,位置灵活,which位于先行词后

注：定从中,句首设空必选as.

As we all know/ As is known to us all, Yao Ming is famous for basketball as a basketball player to us Yao Ming, As we all know, is famous for basketball as a basketball player to us

Yao Ming is famous for basketball as a basketball player to us,as/which we all know

【基础过关】

1. The air quality in the city, ___as_____is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.

2. A lot of language learning, ___as__has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.

3. Finally he reached a lonely island __which/that______ was completely cut off from the outside world.

4. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, __which___made one of the Chinese people's long－held dreams come true.

5. He recovers his confidence __which/that_____ makes him live a better life.

【考点六】that指人时,相当于who或whom；指物时,相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略

Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia.

The person (that/whom) you introduced to me is very kind.

注：（1）只用that,不用which的情况（最序不表疑,免重人物重）：

a、当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时用that

This is the most interesting film that I've ever seen.

当先行词前有only、the very、any、few...等修饰时用that

This is the very bus that I'm waiting for.

He is the only man that I want to marry.

b、当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时用that

This train is the last that will go to Beijing.

c、当先行词是指物的不定代词everything、anything、nothing、the one........等时用that

Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?

d、当主从句都是主系表结构时

Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.

e、当主句的主语是疑问词who/which时用that

Which is the bike that you lose ?

Who is the boy that you want to go together ?

f、当先行词既有人又有物时用that

Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about.

（2）绝不用that：

a、prep.（介词）后绝不用that,指人用whom,指物用which

b、逗号后（即非限制定语从句中）绝不用that

注：that只用于限制性定语从句中,可指物/人

which用于限制性定语从句中和非限制性定语从句中,只能指物

注：最常考的是“代高序+恰恰”,前提条件：先行词是“物”、缺宾语时可省略【基础演练】

1. This is the most amazing park _that__ I have ever seen.

2.In my opinion, it’s a rare vase ___that/which_____ most people can’t afford.

3.I am involved in an activity ___that/which_____ benefits me a lot.

4.I am upset with the people ___that/who_____ will be late.

5.The headmaster recognized the thief _____that/who/whom/___ the police arrested.

【题型分类典题精讲】

【牛刀小试】

1、Which of the two sheep _________ you keep produces more milk?

A. which

B. they

C. what

D. that

2、He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.

A. that

B. which

C. who

D. as

3、I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.

A. as was

B. which was

C. as were

D. which

4、Researchers are engaged in developing new energy cars _________ are bright with enormous

market potential.

A. that are believed

B. which the experts believe

C. the experts believe that

D. the experts believe

5、The planes _______ rush us to destinations around the globe contribute to global warming,

_______ is often ignored by the public

A. that; what

B. what; which

C. what; as

D. that; which

6、He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.

A. which

B. that

C. whom

D. what

7、He is good at English, ______we all know.

A. that

B. as

C. whom

D. what

8、The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.

A. which

B. where

C. what

D. in which

9、Women_________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart

disease than those ________don’t.

A who;/

B /; who

C who; who

D /; /

【群英荟萃】

1、[2013 陕西]______ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.

A. It

B. That

C. What

D. As

2、[2011 陕西]The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.

A. where

B. which

C. its

D. whose

3、[2013 辽宁]He may win the competition,_______ he is likely to get into the national team.

A.in which case

B.in that case

C.in what case

D.in whose case

4、[2013湖南]Happiness and success often come to those ____ are good at recognizing their own strengths.

A. whom

B. who

C. what

D. Which

5、[2011 福建]She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ____ allows them to communicate

freely with each other.

A. which

B. where

C. what

D. Who

【鱼目混珠】

1、On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking.

A. their

B. whose

C. which

D. that

三、关系副词的辨别

【知识清单】

【考点一】when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语

I still remember the day （whenI first came tothis school）.

先行词. 时间状语主语谓语宾语

I will never forget the days when we stayed together last year

which/that/不填we spent together last year

【考点二】where主要用于修饰表示地点的名词,同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语

This is the villagewhere he was born.

that/which/不填he visited last year

注：若先行词是situation、case、point时,从句缺少状语,用where 【考点三】why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语，注意两点：1.其先行词唯一：the reason;2.其替代介词唯一：why=for which Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

The reason why he was punished is unknown to us.

I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.

【基础演练】

1.We live in a high-tech age, ___when_____ previous information is easy to accept.

2.It's helpful to put children in a situation ___where____ they can see themselves differently.

3.He narrowly escaped death in an avalanche(雪崩) ____where_____ many people couldn’t survive.

4.The reason ___why____ he escaped was that he discover explosion.

5.He was admitted to the university __where_____ many celebrities once studied.

6.I am struggling in the situation___where_____ I have to choose one between my mother and my girlfriend.

7.The reason ____why____ he was promoted is that he worked hard.

【题型分类典题精讲】

【牛刀小试】

1、After graduation from high school we will reach a point ______we have to decide which university

to attend．

A. that

B. what

C. which

D. where

2、The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.

A. why; that

B. that; why

C. for that; that

D. for which; what

3、Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.

A. where

B. that

C. which

D. there

4、Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?

A. which

B. that

C. when

D. on which

5、Bill Gates has created a wonderful “window”________ people can surf the Internet freely.

A that

B which

C where D. when

【群英荟萃】

1、[2013 四川]Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ______ they live.

A. what

B. which

C. when

D. where

2、[2013 新II]When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house ______ I would be staying.

A. what

B. when

C. where

D. which

3、[2013 浙江]The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ______

visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.

A. what

B. where

C. when

D. why

4、[2011 福建]It was April 29,2001______ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace

hall of the wedding ceremony.

A. that

B. when

C. since

D. Before

【鱼目混珠】

1、She says that she'll never forget the time ________ she's spent working as a secretary in our company.

A. which

B. when

C. how

D. where

【考点四】介词+关系代词

The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.

The school in which he once studied is very famous.

1、关系副词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出

即：when、where、why都可替换成“介词+which”,反之则不成立。

There is no reason for which(why) we shouldn't be friends.

I moved to Japan, in which(where) my grandparents live.

There used to be a time at/during which(when) the Chinese people struggled for

freedom.注：（1）含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在短语动词的后面如：look for, look after, take care of 等。

This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for.(正)

This is the watch for which I am looking . (误)

The babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy.(正)

The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. （误）（2）若介词放在关系代词前,只可用w开头关系词。关系代词指人时只可用whom,

不可用who,that；关系代词指物时只可用which,不可用that。

The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor.(正)

The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbor.(误)

The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (正)

The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(误)

（3）介词后的which、whom虽作宾语,但不可省略

E.g: The children, all of ___whom___ had played the whole day long, were worn out.

【基础演练】

1.This is the woman _that/who/whom//__ we talked about just now.

2. This is the woman about ___whom___ we talked just now.

3.He was a man as a participant to ___whom_____ I can turn for help.

4.This is the movie __that/which//_ we talked about just now.

5.This is the movie about _which__ we talked just now.

【题型分类典题精讲】

【牛刀小试】

1、This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.

A. that

B. which

C. from that

D. from which

2、I have two grammars, ______are of great use.

A. all of which

B. either of which

C. both of that

D. both of which

3、This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.

A. in which

B. with which

C. that

D. for which

4、Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______ Hangzhou is famous in the world.

A. for which

B. for that

C. in which

D. what

5、I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.

A. whose title

B. its title

C. the title of it

D. the title of that

【群英荟萃】

世界上独一无二的人或物，只能用非限制性定从

1、[2012 四川]In our class there are 46 students, half wear glasses.

A. in whom

B. in them

C. of whom

D. of them

2、[2011 江西]She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____had taken more than three years.

A. for which

B. with which

C. of which

D. to which

3、[2010 山东]Wind power is an ancient source of energy _______ we may return in the near future.

A. on which

B. by which

C. to which

D. from which

4、[2009 陕西]Gun control is a subject _______ Americans have argued for a long time.

A. of which

B. with which

C. about which

D. into which

5、[2009 江西]The house I grew up _______ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.

A. in it

B. in

C. in that

D. in which

【鱼目混珠】

1、He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.

A. whom

B. them

C. which

D. who

限：①无逗号与主句隔开

定语 ②翻译时把从句放在前面说“...的”

从句 ③主语是多个中的一个 （形式上）

非：①有逗号与主句隔开

②翻译时按顺序说

③主语是唯一的

The uncle, who gave me a pen ,is good.（非）叔叔给我买了一支笔,他很好。（一个叔叔） The uncle who gave me a pen is good.（限）给我买笔的那个叔叔很好。（很多叔叔）

The father, who gave me a pen ,is good.（非）√

The father who gave me a pen is good.（限）×

E.g: The school shop __whose______ customers are mainly students, is closed during the holidays. 注：着重强调,不要见到非限制性定语从句就用which,要看从句是否缺成分

有无逗号的区别 四、限定性与非限定性定语从句

【题型分类典题精讲】

【牛刀小试】

1、All the neighbors admire this family, _________ the parents are treating their child like a friend.

A where

B when

C which

D that

2、He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.

A. that

B. which

C. for which

D. who

3、The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.

A. which

B. that

C. whom

D. who

4、They’ve won their last three matches, _______I find a bit surprising.

A. that

B. when

C. what

D. which

5、Is that the small town you often refer to?

Right, just the one _______ you know I used to work for years.

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. what

【群英荟萃】

1、[2013 新I]”You can’t judge a book by its cover, _______。.

A. as the saying goes old

B. goes as the old saying

C. as the old saying goes

D. goes as old the saying

2、[2013 浙江]The children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.

A. all of what

B. all of which

C. all of them

D. all of whom

3、[2011 安徽]Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or

three weeks.

A. when

B. which

C. where

D. While

4、[2008 陕西]The man pulled out a gold watch, _______ were made of small diamonds.

A. the hands of whom

B. whom the hands of

C. which the hands of

D. the hands of which 【鱼目混珠】

1、If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.

A. as

B. which

C. what

D. that

五、解题方式

【考点1】选用哪个关系词,关键看它在定从中做什么成分

①He worked in the factory which produces TV sets.

②He worked in the factory where his father had worded.

③I like the school which is near to my home.

④ I like the school where my sister studies.

【考点2】选用关系词的方法：一断二找三放

① This is the school__where_____ I once studied.

② This is the school__that/which_____ is the most famous in the city.

③ I’m studying at a school__where_____ my father teaches English.

断：n+(______ + V 从)

找：先行词、关系词

技巧① 找先行词 确定是人还是物

② 在从句充当的成分 做主宾表定 关系代词

做状语 关系副词

放：从句+先行词还原成一句话分别是

I once studied at the school.

The school is the most famous in the city. 直接放入用关代,加介词用关副

My father teaches English at the school.

例句：The house I grew up _______ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.

A. in it

B. in

C. in that

D. in which

注意：特殊词the way,包含the way that, the way in which, the way 不填的情况：

E.g.：The way that/which/不填 I told you is easy.

The way in which/that/不填 I solved the problem is easy 【题型一】 单项选择

【牛刀小试】

1. Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?

A. that

B. where

C. when

D. the one

2. Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago?

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. the one

3. The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found.

A. that

B. where

C. in which

D. in that

4. The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into ice.

A. at which

B. on that

C. in which

D. of what

5. Who can think of a situation __________ this idiom can be used?

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. in that

6. That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old.

一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处 三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊

五、定语从句通关确保

A. whose

B. of which

C. in which

D. on which

7. I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.

A. as

B. that

C. which

D. what

8.We’re talking about the piano and the pianist _________ were in the concert we attended last night.

A. which

B. whom

C. who

D. that

9. Is there anything __________ to you?

A. that belonged

B. that belongs

C. that belong

D. which belongs

10. The train __________ she was traveling was late.

A. which

B. where

C. on which

D. in that

11. May the fourth is the day __________ we Chinese people will never forget.

A. which

B. when

C. on which

D. about which

12. He must be from Africa, __________ can be seen from his skin.

A. that

B. as

C. who

D. what

13. He has two sons, __________ work as chemists.

A. two of whom

B. both of whom

C. both of which

D. all of whom

14. I, __________ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.

A. who is

B. who am

C. that is

D. what is

15. I don’t like __________ you speak to her

A. the way

B. the way in that

C. the way which

D. the way of which

16. The two things __________ they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair

A. about which

B. of which

C. in which

D. for which

17. Do you know which hotel __________?

A. she is staying

B. she is staying in

C. is she staying

D. is she staying in

【略有所成】

1.The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, __________ much help for knowing space.

A. which we think it is

B. which we think are of

C. of which we think is

D. I think which is of

2. The great day we looked forward to __________ at last.

A. come

B. came

C. coming

D. comes

3.I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week.

A. all which

B. that

C. all that

D. which

4.Didn’t you see the man __________?

A. I nodded just now

B. whom I nodded just now

C. I nodded to him just now

D. I nodded to just now

5. ---- “How do you like the book?”

---- “It’s quite different from __________ I read last month.”

A. that

B. which

C. the one

D. the one what

6.Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except __________ who had already taken them.

A. the ones

B. ones

C. some

D. the others

7.It’s the third time __________ late this month.

A. that you arrived

B. when you arrived

C. that you’ve arrived

D. when you’ve arrived

8.The old man told us _____ the days ______ he was poor were gone.

A. that, when

B. what, when

C. when, that

D. something, that

9.I shall never forget the day ____ Shenzhou V was launched, ____ has a great effect on my life.

A. when; which

B. that; which

C. which; that

D. when; that

10.I didn’t like the way _____ she treated children.

A. which

B. that

C. how

D. as

11.He is the only one of the three _____ got the new idea.

A. who have

B. whom have

C. who has

D. whose had

12.The boss _____ department Ms King worked ten years ago looked down upon women.

A. in which

B. in that

C. in whose

D. whose

13.Alec asked the policeman _____ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.

A. with him

B. who

C. with whom

D. whom

14.It was at our college library _____ I borrowed the novel.

A. which

B. in which

C. that

D. where

15.He may win the competition, ____________he is likely to get into the national team.

A. in which case

B. in that case

C. in what case

D. in whose case

16.Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _________, of course, make all the others upset.

A. who

B. which

C. what

D. that

17.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream.

A. when

B. where

C. that

D. which

18.Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. whose

19.The reason _____ he didn’t join in the training was _____ he was ill.

A. that; because

B. that; why

C. why; how

D. why; that

【炉火纯青】

1.The girl _____ we met yesterday is a film star, _____ played the leading role in the film _____ we saw last time.

A. when; who; which

B. that; that; 不填

C. 不填; who; 不填

D. that; that; that

2.When you visit his family, you may chat for an hour or so, ______ not even a cup of coffee or a glass of water is offered.

A. by this time

B. by which time

C. during this time

D. during which time

3.The expert offered us another piece of advice, ______ of great help to our program.

A. I think it is

B. I think which is

C. which I think it is

D. which I think is

4.The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, ______ are beyond our control.

A. most of them

B. most of which

C. most of what

D. most of that

5.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, _________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.

A. where

B. which

C. what

D. when

6.It is well-known that the panda lives ________ there is plenty of bamboo.

A. in the place

B. the place where

C. in which

D. where

7.I received______ nice a gift ______my motherpromised.

A. the same; as

B. as; as

C. such; as

D. the same; that

8.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity __________ sight matters more than hearing.

A. when

B. whose

C. which

D. Where

9.Wang Wei is one of many Chinese students _______ “on the go’.

A. who lives life

B. who live life

C. that lives living

D. that live living

10.The TV set he _________ works well now.

A. has repairing

B. has repaired

C. has been repaired

D. has had repaired

11.Whenever I met him, _____ was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile.

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. when

12.We can never forget the days _______ the two astronauts in spaceship worked together and the days

________ we spent together.

A. when; which

B. which; when

C. what; that

D. on which; when

13.She was so angry at all ______ I was doing ______ she walked out.

A. that; which

B. that; that

C. which; that

D. which; as to

14.It was quite a serious accident, _______caused by careless driving.

A. which I think was

B. I think which was

C. which I think it was

D. I think which it was

15.____ is mentioned above, the number of the cattle here has been limited to 200.

A. It

B. Which

C. That

D. As

16.Moreover, __________you may hardly believe, the examiners had decided in advance to fail half the students taking part in the exams.

A. which

B. that

C. who

D. Whom

17.It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one ______ he can get more money to support his family.

A. when

B. where

C. that

D. Which

18.The old building, behind _______ was a famous church, was _______ we used to work.

A. that, the place

B. it, the place

C. which, where

D. what, where

【题型二】语法填空

1.I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, _____ my classmates recommended to me.

2.E nglish is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of_____ uses it differently.

3.A company _____profits from home markets aredeclining may seek opportunities abroad.

4. We’ll reach the sales targets in a monthweset at the beginning of the year.

5.The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication,especially at work______ a good impression is a must.

6.I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifthgrade,_________I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.

7.Students should involve themselves in community activities_____ they can gain experience for growth.

8.The exact yearAngela and her familyspent together in China was 2008.

9. I am looking forward to the daydaughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.

10. Please send us all the informationyouhave about the candidate for the position

11.Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for thepoor children,is quite unexpected.

12.Among the many dangerssailors haveto face,probably the greatest of all is fog.

13.He may win the competition, incase heis likely to get into the national team.

14.When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the houseI would be staying.

15.Many countries are now setting up national parksanimals and plants can be protected.

16.We have launched another man-made satellite, is announce d in today’s newspaper.

17.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most ofare family members.

18.There is no simple answer,is often thecase in science.

19.Finally he reached a lonely islandwascompletely cut off from the outside world.

20.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platformvisitors can see a big glasshouses being built.

【题型三】单句改错

1.One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred

2.I had to look up the same word many times, for which was quite troublesome.

3.Firstly, friend is someone you can share your secrets.

4.It is also a window which we can learn about American society.

5.After hearing your sad stories, he will say some words that is nice and warm.

6.They have all sorts of courses. I’m sure you will find one yo u like it.

7.Most public libraries also have a reading-room, that you can sit at the desk and read the daily newspapers, magazines and other books, but you are not permitted to take them out.

8.One may not agree to the examination system, but at present it is basically the only measure that the teacher and the rest of the world can depend to decide whether or not each of us meets the requirement.

9.In the police station I saw the man from which room the thief had stolen the TV set.

10. C hapin, for who money was now no problem , start a new film company with his friends.

11. Please put the letter which he can easily find it.

12. The house in the front of which there is a big tree was built more than 1000 years ago.

13. Antarctic, which we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.

14. The reason why I was away from school is because I was ill yesterday.

15. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of them hadn't been cleared.

六、定语从句通关题答案

牛刀小试：1-5ABAAC 6-10AADBC 11-15ABBBA 16-17BB

略有所成：1-5BBCDC 6-10ACAAB 11-15CCCCA 16-19BABD

炉火纯青：1-5CDDBB 6-10 DADDD 11-15 CABAD 16-18ABC

语法填空：

1-5：which which whose which/that// where

6-10: when where which/that// when that

11-15:which which/that// which where/in which where/in which

16-20:which/as whom as which/that where/on which

改错：

1.that->which

2.去掉for

3.句尾加with

4.which前加through

5.is->are

6.去掉it

7.that改为where

8.depend后加on

9.which->whose

10.who->whom

11.which->where

12.去掉the

13.which前加about

14.because->that

15.them->which

定语从句讲义(教师版)

模块简介 ☆主要应用：本模块主要考察引导词的应用,随着高考英语的改革,英语语法的考点也有所改变,现在主要应用在短文改错和语法填空中 ☆模块等级：本模块难度中等,学生的基础稍微弱一些也可以接受,基础弱的学生需要5-8课时（2h/课）不等,中等学生3课时（2h/课）可以基本掌握,基础好的学生1-2课时（2h/课）可以搞定 ☆知识分布：每节课需要先讲解10个高考重点词汇辨析,之后讲解语法知识,语法知识中的例句与练习题可以相应练习本堂课程中的重点词汇,从而达到复习的效果 ☆习题分布：习题包括08-14年高考题,辽宁省模拟题并且平均练习各个考点 ☆通关确保：本部分习题为课后作业,分为牛刀小试,略有所成,炉火纯青等不同难度的单项选择还包括语法填空与短文改错从而达到最高效的练习 ☆易混模块：本模块容易与名词性从句状语从句混淆,所以三大从句讲解完毕之后会配有知识点总结与 习题练习

定语从句 【知识清单】 【考点一】句子结构 简单句（只有一套主谓结构） （1）主.谓I sleep. （2）主.谓.宾I study English. （4）主.谓.间宾.直宾He gave me anoffer. （3）主.谓.宾.宾补He makes medelighted. （即双宾语结构）（人一般为间接宾语,物为直接宾语）（5）主.系.表I am a teacher. 复合句（有两套或两套以上的主谓结构） The girl is beautiful. The girl has long hair. 1）并列句①表递进：and. not only...but also.... neither...nor... She not only dances well but also sings well. Neither do I know his address, nor do my parents. ②表选择：or. Either...or..... You can stay here ,or you can leave. Either you leave or I leave. ③表转折：but. Yet. Whereas(然而）. Some men are rich, whereas others are poor. He tried his best, but he failed. ④表因果：so. For. I must be off now, for my sister is waiting for me. I work hard, so I was able to pass the exam. （2①定语从句：The ∧girl (who has long hair）is beautiful. beautiful划线部分作用相同,即定语从句起到形容词的作用 ②状语从句：(时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较) 一、定语从句的相关概念

定语从句讲义

定语从句讲义 一概要： 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 定语从句最重要的两部分：先行词，即被修饰限定的词；关系词（关系代词或关系副词），引导定语从句又在从句中作成分。关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，定语或表语； 关系副词在从句中作状语。因此准确分析关系词在从句中应作的成分，对于我们判断使用关系代词还是关系副词至关重要。 1. 关系词有两个功能，其一引导从句，其二替代先行词在从句中充当成分，因此在定语从句中不会出现先行词。 I want to buy a mobile phone which is new in style. Give me a dictionary whose price ranges from 100 to 150 yuan. As is known to all, anti-terrorism is the major concern around the world. 2. 关系词分为关系代词和关系副词： 关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose, as, but, than等；在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，表语或定语。 关系副词有：when, where, why等；在定语从句中充当时间，地点，和原因状语。 注意：关系副词相当于介词＋关系代词 I will always remember the days which have left a deep impression on me. I will always remember the days when /during which we were together. This is a city which has attracted many tourists . This is a city where / to which many tourists will go . I don’t know the reason that he told the teacher for his absence. I don’t know the reason why/for which he was rejected . （二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别： I bought a book, which cost me 30 yuan. I, who am blind, advise you to use your eyes well. As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 二.关系词的如下： （一）关系代词: 1.that: 既可指人，又可指物； 1)在从句中可作主语，宾语或表语；当that 在从句中替代先行词作宾语时，可以省略。

2018定语从句讲解(教师版)

句子成分 1. 英语的基本成分有七种，即主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative) 、宾语(object)、定语(attributive)、状语(adverbial)和宾语补足语(Object complement)。 2. 简单句的五种基本句型: A. 主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P) She looked worried. (S) (v) (P) B. 主语+不及物动词(S+V) His plan has changed. ( S ) ( V ) C. 主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O) She has bought a new house. She doesn’t believe what he said. (S) (V) (Attri) (O) (Main Clause) (Object Clause) D. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+O+O) My father bought me a lot of books yesterday. (S) (V) (O) (Attri) (O) (Adverbial) My father bought me a lot of books when he went to the bookstore. (Main clause) (Adverbial Clause) E. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补(S+V+O+C) We keep our room clean and tidy. (S) (V) (O) (C) Attributive Clause (定语从句) 1.What is attributive? 什么是定语？What is attributive clause? 什么是定语从 句？ A.What is attributive? 定语用来修饰名词和代词，相当于形容词，说明人或物的状态，性质，数量等。 A dog carries a bone. A little dog carries a big bone. (主语) (谓语) (宾语) (定语) (定语) I picked the smiling dog. (主语) (谓语) (定语) (宾语)

定语从句讲义

定语从句 相关概念 定语从句：在复合句中用作定语的从句 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份 关系词：引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词和关系副词 关系词的作用： 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词； 2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语） 关系代词引导的定语从句 ●that可指人或物；在定语从句中作主 语、宾语、表语。(指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which)(一般 不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介 词后作宾语) 1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. 2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now? 3. You can take anything ( that) you like. 4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about? 5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see. 6. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before. 7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be. = Our hometown is not the same as it used to be. = Our hometown is different from what it used to be。 = Our hometown is not what it used to be. ●which指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾 语，表语，定语。如： 1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father. 2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting. 3. The factory in which his father works is far from here. 4. He was proud, which his brother never was. 5. Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French. 6. He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him. ●who, whom, whose who: 主格, 在从句中作主语，在口语或非正式用法中作宾语; 只可指人 whom: 宾格，在从句中作宾语; 只可指人whose: 属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。 I like the students who/that work hard. All who heard the story were amazed. (代词如he, they, any, those, all, one等后多用who.) Chaplin, for whom life had once been very hard, was a success as an actor. He's a man from whom we should learn. = He's a man (whom/who/that) we should learn from. 比较：He is the student whom you think to be worthy of your praise. He is the student who you think is worth praising. A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan. I'd like a room whose window faces south. =I'd like a room of which the window faces south. =I'd like a room the window of which faces south. There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of whose mouth tea is supposed to come. ●as引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主 语、宾语、表语 ①限制性定语从句，多用于the same…as; the same as; such…as…; as many/much as; so…as等结构中。

定语从句讲义

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定语从句讲义 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。从句放在所修饰词（即先行词）之后，由关系副词或关系代词引导。关系词一般位于先行词与定语从句之间且作为定语从句的一个句子成分。 关系代词：who whom whose which that 关系副词：where when why 关系代词特点：这些关系代词在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作主语时关系代词不可省略，作宾语时可以省略。 1 当先行词指人时用who/whom, 若在句中作主语则用who, 作宾语时则用whom; e.g. 1 The young man [who is sitting beside Mr. Liu] is my brother. 先行词关系代词 坐在刘先生旁边的那个男人是我的弟弟。 2 Who is the girl whom you just said goodbye to ? 3 我喜欢的那个女孩没有在这儿。. 4 光彩和你说话的那个人是我们的老师。 5 The girls who weren’t badly hurt in the accident are my classmates. 2 当先行词指物时用which; whose是who和which的所有格形式，表示”…….的”； e.g. 1 A plane is a machine {which can fly.} 先行词关系代词 2 I want to show you the shop which is the nearest from here. 3我放在桌子上的那件大衣是黑色的。 4我正在听的那个音乐是非常美妙的。 3 that既可以指人也可以指物。 e.g. 1 The story {that you told me yesterday} was really interesting. 先行词关系代词 2 The blouse that is made of silk is expensive. I can’t afford it. 3 我想要玩你上周给我看的那个游戏。 4 我昨天看的那本书是古龙写的。

定语从句基础知识讲义.docx

定语从句基础知识讲义 I •定语从句基本知识点 基本概念： ①在复合句屮修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句在句屮的作用相当于一个形容词，因此也叫形容词性从句。 ②先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。 它与定语从句的位置关系为：先行词+定语从句。 ③引导定语从句的词叫关系词或是引导词。 关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。关系代词和关系副词在句小起引导定语从句的作用，同时乂在定语从句中担任主语，宾语，表语，定语和状语等成分。 常川的关系代词：who, whom, whose, that, which , as . 常用的关系副词：when, where, why . ④分类：定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。 限制性定语从句： 在此类从句中，先行词代表一个、一些或一类特定的人或事物，这种定语从句已和被修饰词构成了一个完整的意思，定语从句不能拿掉，否则剩下的主句将失去意义而不能成立。 基本用法 A.关系代词的用法 (1)先行词是人 1.作主语who, that e.g. The girl who/ that is standing under the tree is my sister. 2.作宾语(who, whom, that) e.g. The girl (who/ whom/ (hat )he is talking to is my siste匚 3.作定语whose e.g. The girl whose hair is red is my siste匚 (2)先行词是物 1.作主语which / that e.g. The book which/ that is on the tabic is mine. 2.作宾语(which/ that) e.g. The book (which / that) you bought yesterday is good. 3.作定语whose e.g. The book whose cover is blue is mine. B.在定语从句中如介词提前，关系代词用法如下： 先行词是人介词+ whom e.g. The girl to whom he is speaking is my sister. The girl _______ h e is speaking to is my sister. 先行词是物介词+ which e.g. The room in which he used to live is very big. C.关系代词as的用法 Das也可作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，指整个主句的概念，常译为“正如”之意，在句中作主语，宾语或表语。 2)as引导的定语从句一般放在主句之前，偶尔也可放在主句之后。 e.g. As is reported in the papers , our country has launched another manmade earth satellite. (作主语) 3)as引导的限制性定语从句还常放在the same,和such, as后。 e.g. This is the same one as I showed you the other day.

定语从句讲义(个人精心整理)

一．定语从句定义及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的 先行词之后。 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等； 关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句B.代替先行词,C.在定语从句中担当一个成分二．关系代词表格

例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分） ① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语） ② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语） ③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语） ④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语） ⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）三．6个关系代词的用法 1）关系代词that和which的用法 which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。 His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets. The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black. ▲但在有些情况下，只用that 1.先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。 ① This is the best way that has been used against pollution. ② English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years. 2.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。 ① This is the last place (that) I want to visit. ② It is the first American movie of this kind that I’ve ever seen. 3.先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none,any, few, little, no, all, much, every等不定代词时。 ① You should hand in all that you have. ② We haven’t got much that we can o ffer you. ③The little money (that) he had was stolen. 4.先行词前面有the only, the very,等修饰时。 The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. 5.先行词既有人又有物时。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? 6.主句已有疑问词which时。避免重复使用 Which is the bike that you lost? 7.that 在定语从句中作表语 Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be. ▲不用that的情况 ①引导非限定性定语从句时。例如： He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health.