新概念英语第一册笔记(完整版)

新概念英语第一册

笔记完整版

?1）v. 原谅

?eg. Excuse me.

请原谅，劳驾。

2）n. 借口

?eg. It?s an excuse.

?me pron. 我（宾格:用来做宾语的。）?eg. He loves me.

他爱我.

?eg. She cheats me.

他骗我.

?eg. Please tell me.

他告诉我.

Excuse me 的用法

这个短语经常被译作“对不起”，但它并不表示你有什么过错，而是说你要打搅别人，所以常被译作“劳驾”。

1）为了要引起别人的注意

?eg. Excuse me. Is this you handbag? 2）要打扰某人或要打断别人话

?eg. Excuse me . May I ask you a question?

3) 向陌生人问路

?eg. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station?

4) 向某人借东西

?eg. Excuse me. Can I borrow your pen?

5) 需要从别人身边挤过或让别人给自己让路

?eg. Excuse me. Could you please make some room for me?

6) 要求在宴席或会议中途中离开一会儿eg. Excuse me. May I lease for a little while?

?sorry 用于当你做错事而向别人道歉的时候，表示“对不起”。

1）请问几点了？

?eg. Excuse me. What time is it?

2) 不小心把水弄到了别人的身上。

?eg. Sorry. 或者I?m sorry!

3) 对不起，我先失陪一下

?eg. Excuse me.

4) 误解了别人的意思

?eg. Sorry.

?yes

1)adv. 是的（对一般疑问句的肯定回答）?eg. Are you mad?

--Yes, I am.

2)经常用于应答，表示“什么事”。

?eg. Excuse me?

请问/劳驾？

---Yes?

什么事？

?is v. be 动词现在时第三人称单数

?be : is am are

?is 用于单数名词或单数第三人称代词。

?eg. He is a student.

他是一个学生。

?eg. That?s an egg.

那是一个鸡蛋。（That?s= That is）

?eg. This is a pen.

这是一支钢笔。

?your 你的，你们的（物主代词后面加名词）?your key 你的钥匙

?eg. This is your key.

这是你的钥匙。

?eg. That is your book.

那是你的书。

?your room 你们的房间

?eg. That is your room.

那是你们的房间。

?pardon 原谅，请再说一遍

?pardon=pardon me=I beg your pardon?

能再说一遍吗？

?eg. Is this your pencil?

这是你的铅笔吗？

--Yes, it is.

是的，它是。（it 指代pencil）

?thank you 感谢你（们）

2）you 代词（你，你们）

主格-----作主语

?eg. You are a good student.

你是一个好学生。

宾格------作宾语

?eg. Thank you.

谢谢你（们）

?eg. I miss you.

我想你（们）。

?very much 非常地

?eg. Thank you very much.

非常感感

?eg. I love you very much.

我非常爱你。. Grammar

1.一般疑问句;

把系动词be(is, am, are) 置于句首

?eg. This is a handbag.

这是一个手提包。（肯定句）

?eg. Is this a handbag.

---Yes, it is. (肯定回答)

（it 代handbag）

---No, it is?t.(否定回答)

2.否定句：把not 加在系动词的后面

?is not = isn?t

?am not

?are not

?eg. This is not my handbag.

小结

1.Excuse me .

对不起，劳驾。

2.Pardon?

请再说一遍。

3.Thank you very much.

非常感谢。

?watch

1)n. 手表

?eg. My watch is new.

我的手表是新的。

?eg. Is that your new watch?

---Yes , it is.

2)v 看

?watch TV

?house 房子

Exercise B

Look at the situations. What expression

do you use for each?

1.You don?t hear something very

clearly. What do you say?

当你没有听清楚别人的说话时，你应该说：Pardon?

I beg your pardon?

Pardon me?

2.If you what to leave for a little while

in the meeting. What do you say?

会议中途你想离开一会儿，你应该说: Excuse me

3.When you step on one?s foot, what

do you say?

当你不小心踩了别人的脚时，应该说：Sorry.

4.When someone helps you. What do

you say?

当别人帮助了你，你应该说

Thank you

Thank you very much

小结

含有系动词is 的句型转换

1.陈述句This is …..

That is….

2.一般疑问句Is….?

3.肯定回答：Yes , it is

Yes , she is

4.否定回答：No, it isn’t .

No, she isn’t.

5.否定句：系动词后面加not. 语音

中元音：[Λ]—u o ou

口腔几乎全开，嘴唇成自然状态，短音。

‘up 向上shut 关上cup 茶杯bus 公共汽车much 许多lunch

‘son 儿子honey 亲爱的人money 钱other 其它的

‘enough 足够的cousin 侄子young 年轻的

Read these sentences:

1.You shut up. 你闭嘴。

2.My son has much money. 我儿子有许

多钱。

3.His son always comes here for money.

儿的儿子总是来这儿要钱。

4.Her young cousin has enough money

for the lunch.她的小侄子有足够的钱付

这顿午餐。

中元音:[?:]—ir ur or er ear

口腔半开，嘴唇成自然状态，长音。

‘bird 鸟first 第一girl 女孩dirty 脏的shirt 衬衫

‘turn 翻转church 教堂nurse 护士burn 燃烧

‘work 工作worm 虫子word 单词world 世界worse 更坏的

‘verb 动词mercy 同情

‘early earth search

Read these sentences;

1.This nurse wears a dirty shirt 这位护

士穿了一件脏裙子。

2.It’s the early bird that catches the

worm.早起的鸟有虫吃。

3.This girl works in the church.

中元音:[?] ---er

‘worker teacher sister brother

‘about arrive among

1.Her sister is a teacher.

2.This famous doctor arrives in the city.

3.His sister wants some sugar.

New words and expressions

‘please

1)请（可置于句首，也可置于句末）Come in please=Please come in

Sit down please=Please sit down

2)求求你（重读）

‘eg. Don’t tell my mother about it, please! 不要把这件事告诉我的妈妈，求求你了。

‘eg. Help me, please! 帮帮我，求求你了。

‘here adv. 这里

‘there adv. 那里

‘eg. Come here. 到这儿来。

‘eg. Go there. 到那儿去。

‘here 与there 置于句首时，后面主谓要倒装。

‘eg. Here is my ticket.

(here放置于句首，后面的系动词is 在主语my ticket的前面)

正常语序：My ticket is here.

‘

‘my pron. 我的（物主代词不可以单独使用后面要加名词）Her boyfriend is very rich.她的男朋友很有钱。

Welcome to our school.欢迎到我们学校来。

‘ticket n. 票

‘an air ticket

‘a train ticket

‘a bus ticket

‘a cinema ticket

Here is my air ticket

‘number n.号码

‘telephone number 电话号码

‘number + 基数词第….

‘number one 第一

‘number two

I am number one.

‘lesson five 第五课

‘day five 第五天

‘five +可数名词复数形式五个…

(表示数量为两个以上的名词都要用复数形式，即在词尾要加s)

‘five handbags 五个手提包’

‘sorry 常用于对自己所犯的过失表示道歉Excuse me .打扰别人时说的客套话。

I’m sorry,. I broke yourglass.

Excuse me. May I ask you a question? ‘sir n. 先生

表示对不相识的男子，年长者或上级的一种尊称，一般单独便用，后面不与姓氏连用。Excuse me, sir.

Thank you, sir.

Can I help you, sir?

Mr. 也是“先生”的意思，但与sir的用法上有所不同，Mr..必须与姓氏连用，不可单独便用。

Mr. Zhang.

Test

Question:

Does the man get his umbrella back? 这位男士有没有要回他的雨伞?

My coat and my umbrella please.

此句省略了动词give(给)

‘give sb sth 把某物给某人

（sb 是somebody 的缩写，表示“某人”）（sth 是something的缩写，表示“某物”）Give me my coat and my umbrella please.

Here is my ticket

此句为倒装句，副词here/three置于句首时，主谓要倒装。

正常语序：My ticket is here.

Here’s your umbrella and your coat.

‘and 表示“和”，是连词，连接两个并列成份，位置可以互换。

My father and my mother.

Is this your umbrella?

此句为一般疑问句。含有系动词be 的陈述句变成一般疑问句，把系动词置于句首，句号变问号，用升调。

Is this her can?

Yes, it is.

Is this it ? = Is this your umbrella?

‘it 指your umbrella,由于前面提到了umberlla, 所以后面就用it 来代替，以免重复。

I want a man’s suit. 我想要一套男装。‘at school 在学校求学

Her son is at school.

她的儿子在学上校上学。

‘go to school 去上学

My son is very strong.

My daughter is very lovely.我的女儿非常可爱。

我妈妈的那套衣服不是黑色的。

My mother’s(名词所有格) suit isn’t black.

Lesson five

语音：

后元音（五个）; 用舌的后部感觉发音。[a:] 口腔全开，嘴唇成自然装态，不扁也不圆，长音。

‘ar car hard star park farm dark party start

‘a fast past father

‘ear heart

‘al half

1.You can’t park your car on the farm.

2.The party starts at half past ten.

3.I can’t see the stars in the dark sky. []发音时舌尖要离开下齿龈，口形椭圆，肌肉放松，短音。

闭音节单词中o

‘job clock long stop lost got boss hot

‘a watch water

1.She lost that job, but she got this job.

2.The clock often stops.

[]

‘or born sport horse short ‘al all tall fall wall talk

‘aw paw law draw

‘au

‘augh taught caught

Lesson five

Mr. 先生（不可单独使用）

Mr. + 姓氏

Mr. lee

Mr. zhang

‘sir 先生

可以单独使用，是对上级，长者，或陌生男性的尊称。Sir 后面不能加姓氏。

Thank you, sir.

Sorry, sir.

Can I help you, sir?

‘good adj. 好

反义词bad adj. 坏的

This is a good book.

She is a good teacher.

‘morning n. 早晨

‘afternoon n. 下午

‘evening n. 晚上

‘night n. 夜里

Good morning.

Good afternoon,

Good evening

Good night

‘in the morning 在早上‘in the afternoon 在下午

‘in the evening 在晚上

‘at night 在夜里

Miss 小姐（一般指未婚女性）

Miss + 姓氏

Miss Lee

Mrs. 太太（己婚女性）

Mrs. +丈夫的姓氏

Mrs. Black 布莱克太太(其丈夫姓Black) Ms. 女士（对未知婚姻状况者的称谓）Ms. Lee 李女士

英语国家人名的构成：

‘first name + middle name + aurname 名字中间名姓

‘new adj. 新的

反义词old adj. 旧的

That is my new shirt.

Is this your old dress?

French n. 法国人（国籍）;法语

‘adj. 法国的

Miss Lee is French.

I can speak French.

He is a French student.

France n. 法国（国名）

I come from France.

I am from France.

German n. 德国人（国籍）;德语

‘adj. 德国的

Are you German?

He can speak German.

Is Miss Sophie Dupont a German

student?

Germany [‘?:m?mi ] n.德国（国名）‘meet v 遇见，碰见

Nice to meet you

这是非正式场合下初次见面时的客套用语。回答也应为：

Nice to meet you, too.

在正式场合中

How do you do? 你好

回答也是

How do you do?

Japanese n. 日本人（国籍），日语

‘adj. 日本的

Japan n. 日本（国名）

Korean n. 韩国人（国籍）; 韩国语

‘adj. 韩国的

Korea n. 韩国（国名）

Chinese n.中国人（国籍）; 汉语

‘adj. 中国的

China n. 中国（国名）

China is a big country.

‘too adv. 也

用在肯定和疑问句中。否定句中用either, too 和either 一般都放在句末，并且用逗号隔开。

Miss Dupont is French, too.

Mrs. Lee is not German, either.

Good morning.

也可以直接用hello 问好。This is Miss Sophie Dupont. Sophie is a new student. She is French.

“This is + 姓名”是把一个人介绍给另一个人时用的句型。

向别人介绍自己时：

My name is 或者是I am.

He is German=He is from Germany. Nice to meet you.

用于非正式场合的初次见面。

回答：

Nice to meet you, too.

‘make

1)n. (产品的)牌号

My shirt is a Korean make.

我的衬衫是韩国牌子的。

What make is your car?

2)v. 制造，做

make a car

‘make a model plane.

Swedish n. 瑞典人（国籍）

‘adj. 瑞典的

Sweden n. 瑞典（国名）

Sweden is in Europe.

瑞典在欧洲。

English adj.英国的

‘英语，英国人

England n. 英格兰，英国

American adj. 美国的

‘n 美国人

America n. 美国

Italian adj. 意大利的

‘意大利人，意大利语Italy n. 意大利（国名）

选择疑问句

Is she a Chinese teacher or a Japanese teacher?

She isn’t a Chinese teacher. She is a Japanese teacher.

‘name 姓名

My name is ….

Your name is …

His name is …

Her name is…

My name is Wendy.

I am …

含系动词的特殊疑问句结构：

特殊疑问句+系动词+主语？

What color is his shirt?

What is your name?

‘nationality n. 国籍

What nationality are you?

你是哪国人？

Where are you from?

Where do you come from?

‘job 工作

What is your job?

What do you do?

你的工作是什么？Lesson nine

‘how 怎么样(特殊疑问词)

‘how many 多少（可数名词复数）How many students?

‘how much 多少（不可数名词，价格）How much tea?

How much is the handbag?

‘how long 多长时间

How long have you been in China?

‘how often 多经常（频率）

How often do you take a bath?

‘how far 多远（距离）

How far is it from here?

‘how soon 多久

I am leaving for Shanghai on business. How soon will you come back?

‘well

1) adv. 好（修饰动词）

He cooks well.

He dose well in English.

3)adj. 身体好

How are you, today?

I am well. Thank you, and you?

‘see 表示结果

‘look 强调动作过程

Look at the blackboard.

‘watch 看，注视（所看画面是移动的）

Nice to meet you.

(初次见面时打招呼用语)

Nice to see you.

(相互认识的人见面时打招呼用)

This is our classroom.

Whose classroom is this？

Whose is this classroom?

形容词性物主代词是修饰名词的，所以后面必须加名词。

This suit is my. (错语)

This suit is mine. (正确)

名词性物主代词必须单独使用，后面不再接名词。名词所有格是在词尾加’s。这种形式即具有形容词性，也具有名词性。

Whose shirt is this?

This is Wendy’s(作形容词性物主代词来用) skirt.=This is her skirt.

Whose is this skirt?

This skirt is Wend’s. =This skirt is hers.

Your car is red; mine is blue.

‘mine =my car

I have my way, and she has hers.

我有我的处事方式，她有她的。

‘whose 引导的特殊疑问句即可用形容词性物主代词回答，也可用名词性物主代词回答。

Whose house is this?

This is our house. = This house is ours.

‘perhaps=maybe 可能

Perhaps it will rain.

Perhaps it is his car. ‘catch v.

1)接住

Catch

2)逮住，捕获

‘catch a thief

3)染上（疾病

‘catch a cold

‘father=Dad

‘mather=Mum

‘parents: father and mother

His parents is in Germany.

(his parent 复数，故系动词用are)

What make

What make is your watch?

‘come v. 来

‘go v. 去

Come on; let’s go swimming.

来吧，我们去游泳。

Come on; stop day-dreaming.

得了，拜托，别再做白日梦了。

Come on; you’ll be fine.

没关系，你会没事的。

‘upstairs adv. 楼上

‘downstairs adv. 楼下

‘here there home abroad

地点副词前不可以加介词。

‘come here 不可以说成come to here. ‘smart adj.

1)漂亮的; 时髦的

Lucy’s blouse is smart.

Her hat is very smart

2)聪明的; 机灵的

She is a smart student.

He is a smart businesman.

‘clever 聪明的（指理解力）; 狡猾的

‘bright (多指小孩)

Your little son is so bright.

‘wise 理性的; 精明的（形容年纪较长者）

‘lovely 可爱的

Whose is this lovely hat?

Whose lovely hat is this?

It’s Ann’s (hat)

‘cute 小孩可爱

The baby is cute.

祁使句：谓语动词一般用原形，表示请求建议命令等。

Follow me

Shut the door, please

Be careful

Go and buy a new hat.

Wait and see

‘same 常与the 连用

表示同一的，相同的

‘the same age

The same city

We live in the same city.

‘friend n. 朋友

Are they your friends?

‘friendly adj.友好的

‘be friendly to sb 对….友好

She is friendly to me.(to 介词后面要接

宾语)

2)在以“s”“x”“sh”“ch”结尾的单数名词变复数时，需在单词后面加“es”

‘bus buses dress dresses

3)以元音字母加“y”结尾的单数名词变复

数，我们在词尾加s

‘boy boys

以辅音字母加“y”结尾的单词，需把“y”去掉再加ies

‘fly flies baby babies 4)以o结尾的单数名词变复数时有两种形

式：其一是直接在词尾加s; 另一种是在

词尾加es.

口诀：黑人英雄爱吃土豆西经柿+es

Negro(es) hero(es) potato(es) tomato(es)

其它则加s

‘photo(s)

5)不规则变化

‘man men goose geese foot feet

(以f 或fe 结尾的单数名词变成复数，

一般把f或fe 变成v 再加es.)

‘knife knives

‘employee n. 雇员

‘employer n.雇主

‘employ v.

‘employ sb.

‘employment n. 就业

‘unemployment n.失业

-ee 一般指动作的承受者，被动者

-er 一般指施动者，主动者

‘interview v. 采访; 面试

*interviewee n. 被面试者，被采访者

*interviewer n. 面试者，采访者.

*hard-working adj.勤奋的

Miss Smith is a hard-working employee. Smith小姐是一个勤奋的雇

员。

*hard work n. 艰苦的工作（hard是adj., work是n.）

That is hard work. 那是一项艰苦的工作。（注意work当工作讲时是不可数名词因此前面不能加“a”）

*work hard v. 努力工作（work是v.，hard是adv.）

We work hard. 我们努力工作。

*sales reps 推销员

*sales rep (单数形式)

*rep representative n. 代表

*sales n. 销售

*sales representative 销售人员，销售代表*sales person 销售人员

*salesman 男销售员

*saleswoman 女销售员

*man n. 男人（单数）人类men *woman n.女人women

*office n. 办公室

*in the office 在办公室里

*assistant n.助手，助理

*assistant of the manager 经理助理

*office block 办公大楼

*officer 官员

*assist v. 援助

*who 引导的特殊疑问句

*who 引导的含有系动词的特殊疑问句的句型为：

*who is + 单数名词？

*who are + 复数名词？

Who is that fat man?

This conversation is between Mr. Jackson and Mr. Richards. Mr. Jackson is introducing the employees to Mr. Richards. Listen to the dialogue and answer the questions.

What are Michael Baker and Jeremy Shot’s jobs?

Before we listen to the dialogue . Let’s practice these names.

Come and meet our employees, Mr. Richards.

祈使句(省略主语)：You come and meet our employees.

用来表示建议，命令，叮嘱等。

*this is 用来介绍他人

How do you do? 在正式场合下第一次见面

时用语。回答也是：How do you do?

--- How are you? 朋友或相识的人之间见面时的询问身体状况的问候语。

--- I am fine. / I am well.

*matter n. 事情

What’s the matter? 怎么了？（用来询问发生了什么事）

What’s wrong?

What’s the matter with….?

What’s wrong with….? …..怎么了？

What’s the matter with your brother? 你的兄弟怎么了？

It doesn’t matter! 没事，没关系！常用在回复sorry这句话中

---- Sorry! I’m sorry!

---- It doesn’t matter!

*children n. 孩子们（复）child (单数) --- Whose child is this?

--- This is her child.

--- Whose is this child?

--- This child is hers.

*tired adj. 累的，疲乏的

--- I’m tired. 我累了。

*tire out :completely tired 筋疲力尽了

*tireless 不知疲倦的

*less 是形容词后缀，具有否定意义。

--- a tireless worker 不知疲倦的工人

*thirsty adj. 渴的

---We are tired and thirsty.

*right adj. 1) 好的，可以

--- Let’s go upstairs and see my new blouse. 让我们上楼看我的新衬衫。

--- All right.

--I fell off the stairs. 我从楼梯上摔了下来。-- Are you all right? 你还好吧？

---Yes, I am. 我还好，没什么事。

2）右边，右边的

*left 左边，左边的

-- on the right

3) 正确的

-- That’s right. 对，没错（wrong）

*there be 结构

There be…. 某地有某物

There is + n. (可数单数名词或不可数名词) + 介词短语（状语）

There are + n. (可数复数名词) + 介词短语（状语）

介词(后面加名词)

*in 在…里面

--in the box

-- in the office

--in the room

*on 在…上面

-- on the desk

-- on the book

-- on the floor

There is a tie in the box. 在盒子里面有一条领带（a tie可数名词单数，所以用is.）There are two shirts on the bed. 在床上有两件衬衫。（two shirts 复数名词，所以用

are）

There is some water on the desk. 在桌子上有一些水。（water 不可数名词，所以用is.）我们说如果一个句子中有be的形式存在，那么这个句子的疑问或否定形式都在be 本身变化。比如说疑问句，我们就把系动词提前，否定句，我们就在系动词后面加not. There is a tie in the box.

Is there a tie in the box.

Yes, there is.

No, there isn’t

There is some water on the desk.

Is there any water on the desk? (some 和any 都表示“一些“，some 一般用在肯定句中，any 用在疑问句或否定句中。)

Listen to the dialog carefully and answer: why do the children thank their mother?

Are you ok now?

Lesson 20

*big

1) 外形比较大

--There is a big box on the floor. 地板上有一个大箱子。

2）抽象的大

--Deng Xiaoping is a big man. 邓小平是一个伟大的人物。*small 体积小

*little (感情色彩)小

--a small room

-- a little girl (带有喜欢，喜爱之情)

*open

1) adj. 开着的

-- The shop is open. 商店开业了。

2）v. 开，打开

--open the door 打开门

*shut

1) adj. 关着的= closed

--The door is closed.

--The door is shut.

2) v. 关上= close

--shut the door

--close the door

--Shut up! 闭嘴

*light

1) adj. 轻的

--The box is so light that I can lift it by myself. 这个箱子真是太轻了，我一个人就能把它提起来。

--light punishment 比较轻的处罚

2) n. 灯

--turn on the light 开灯

-- turn off the ligt

*heavy adj. 重的

-- Is the desk heavy?

--heavy smoker 吸烟比较多的人

-- heavy drinker 喝酒比较多的人

-- heavy hearted 心事重重的人，伤心的

Lesson 21

*give v. 给

--give sb sth

--give sth to sb 把…给某人

--Give Mr. Baker that tie.

-- Give that tie to Mr. Baker.

把那条领带给贝克先生。

*give 后面的人如果是代词的时候，我们要用宾格。

例句Give me those coats. 中“me”是宾格作give 的宾语。

其它人称的宾格

主格宾格

*I me

*you you

*he him

*she her

*we us

*they them

*it it

--Give them these ne umbrellas.

--Give these new umbrellas to them.

*one pron.

--one 不是数词，而是不定代词，代替上面提到过的单数名词。复数形式为ones.

*which 哪一个

--Which room is yours?

--This one? ( one 代替上句的room)

--No, not this one, that one.

--Which cases are yours? --These ones? （ones是复数形式指你上句的cases）

--Give me a book please, Jane.

为祈使句。主语you 省略，后加please ,表示客气的请求。

--Give a book to me, please,.

--give 后面接复合宾语，直接宾语为a book, 间接宾语为me.

--Which book? = Which book do you want?

--This one?

--No, not that one. The red one.

-- one 代替book

--This one? = This book?

*empty

1) adj. 空的

-- The room is empty.

--Give her the empty box.

--Give the empty to her.

2) v. 倒空，弄空

--empty the box 把盒子弄空

*full adj. 满的

--The box is full of books.

--be full of sth 某物充满了….

--The room is full of people. 屋子里全是人。

--The bottles are full of milk. 这些瓶子装满了牛奶。

--I am full. 我饱了。

*large adj. 大的

主要是指体积，面积，形状，数量等物理量

值的大，修饰人的时候指个子大，large的反义词是small.

--China is a large country. 中国是一个大国（幅员辽阔）

--Look at that large woman.

*big adj. 大的

除了具large的意思，在big修饰人的时候，主要指大人物，但个子未必高。

--She is a big film star. 她是一个著名的电影名星。

*small adj. 小的

--small指物理量值的小，是large的反义词，不带什么感情色彩。

--It is a small factory. 这是一家小工厂。--The room is very small. 这个房间很小。*little adj.

--little 可以表示小，还可以表示少，往往带有小而可爱的感情色彩，是big的反义词。--There is a little garden behind our house. 我们的房后有个小花园（虽小，但很可爱）

--She has s little son. 她有一个小儿子。（little 表示小而可爱）

*sharp adj. 尖的，锋利的

-- The knife is sharp.

*sharpen v.

*make sth sharp

-- sharpen the pencil / sharpen the knife *glass

1) 可数名词，杯子

--There is a glass on the desk.

2) 不可数名词，玻璃

--There is some glass on the floor. 地板上有一些玻璃。

3）量词，杯

--a glass of water 一杯水

-- two glasses of mil 两杯牛奶

4) glasses 除了表示“杯子”的复数形式，还可以作“眼镜”讲

--a pair of glasses 一副眼镜

--two pairs of glasses 两副眼镜

*cup

1) n.茶杯

--Is there a cup in the box?

2) 量词，杯

--a cup of tea 一杯茶

--tow cups of coffee

*bottle

1) n. 瓶子

--There isn’t an empty bottle in the room.

2) 量词

--a bottle of milk

--three bottles of water.

*spoon n.勺子

一些清辅音如[p] [k] [t]在[s]音后要浊化[k] [g]

[t] [d]

[p] [b]

1．给他们一个箱子

--Give them a box. / Give a box to them. 哪一个？这个小的吗？

--Which one? This small one?

不，不是这个，是那个大的。

--No, not this small one. That large one.

2. 给她一个茶杯。

--Give her a cup. / Give a cup to her.

哪一个？这个脏的吗？

--Which one? This dirty one?

不，不是这个，是那个干净的。

--No, not this dirty one. That clean one.

5.给我们一个水杯

--Give us a cup. / Give a cup to us.

哪一个？这个空的吗？

--Which one? This empty one?

不，不是这个，是那个满的。

--NO, not this empty one. That full one.

Lesson 23

*on prep. 在….之上

--There are some cups on the table.

--Are there any boxes on the floor?

--Yes, there are.

*shelf n. 架子，搁板

*book shelf 书架

--There are a lot of books on the book shelf. 在书架上有许多书。

--Her book is on the shelf. 她的书在架子上。

介词短语作后置定语：

1）介词短语

*on in under behind ….都是介词

*on 在….的上面

-- on the table 在桌子上

-- on the shelf 在架子上*in 在….的里面

-- in the room 在房间里

-- in the street 在街道上

-- in the box 在箱子里

*under 在….的下面

-- under the bed 在订底下

-- under the book 在书的下面

* behind 在….的后面

-- behind the house 在房子后

-- behind the tree 在树的后面

-- behind the door 在门的后面

我们可以发现介词后面一般跟名词或跟具有名词特性的词，那么介词与后面的名词共同组成了“介词短语”。

2）定语是起修饰作用的。

--a clean glass 一个干净的玻璃杯

*clean是定语，修饰glass,作定语的clean放在中心词glass的前面，这就是前置定语，同样放在中心词后面的定语就叫后置定语，那么中心词的定语是由介词短语充当的，并且被放置在中心词的后面。

-- a girl in the house 在房子里的女孩

* a girl 是中心词，in the house 是后置定语，修饰a girl.

-- a book on the bed 在床上的一本书-- the cat under the bed 在床底下的猎

-- the boy behind the tree 在树后面的男孩

-- the cups in the box 在盒子里面的杯子

--Give me some glasses please, Jane. 请给我几只玻璃杯。

祈使句

*give 后面接的是复合宾语，some glasses是直接宾语，me是间接宾语。

给某人某物：give sb sth / give sth to sb

因此这句话也可用; Give some glasses to me please, Jane.

--Which glasses?

这是一个省略句，全句应为：Which glasses do you want?

*Which 引导特殊疑问句，后面可跟单数名词，也可以跟复数名词。此句中的which后面跟的是复数名词glasses.

--These glasses? 是省略句，全句应为：Do you want these glasses?

--The ones on the shelf.

“on the shelf”是介词短语，作后置定语，修饰中心词the ones,也就是“the glasses”*desk n. 课桌

通常指有抽屈的桌子，用于办公，读书，写字等，即“书桌”，定字台，办公桌“。--at the desk 在书桌前（办公，看书等）--He is working at his desk. 他正在书桌前工作。

--on the desk 在办公桌上

--There are some books one desk. 在办公桌上有一些书。

*table n. 桌子

通常指由若干条腿支撑着的平板，没有抽屈。可译为“餐桌，会议桌，工作台等”。--book a table 预订餐桌--I’ve booked a table for two at 6:00. 我预订了一张两人桌，是六点钟的。

--They sit around the table and have meetings every week. 他们每周围坐在会议桌旁开会。

*plate n. 盘子（指大盘子）

*dish n.

1) 盘子，指小盘子，放在自己面前供自己临时存放菜的小盘子。

2）菜

--I like this dish. 我喜欢这道菜。

--These dishes are delicious. 这些菜很好吃。

*cupboard n. 食橱

--There are some plates on the cupboard. 在食橱上有一些盘子。

--the spoons in the cupboard.

*cigarette n.香烟

*cigarette case 香烟盒

*cigarette lighter 打火机

*smoke v. 吸烟

-- He smokes twenty cigarettes a day. 他一天吸了20支烟。

*television n. 电视机

--watch TV

--watch television

*tele 前缀: over a distance 远距离的

*telephone 电话

*floor n. 地板

--on the floor 在地板上

--Are there any boxes on the floor?

--Yes, there are.

*ceiling n. 天棚

--the inner surface of the top of a room

*wall n. 墙壁

*bed n. 床

--go to bed 上床去睡觉

--I go to bed at 9’oclock in the evening every day. 我每天晚上九点钟去睡觉。

*newspaper n. 报纸(可数名词)

*news n. 新闻（不可数名词）

--a piece of news

*paper n. 纸张（不可数名词）

--two pieces of paper

1.请给他们几份报纸。

--Give them some newspapers please. 哪几分？是这几份吧？

--Which ones? These (newspapers)? 不，不是那些

--No, not those.

是在立体声音响上面的那几份。

--The ones on the stereo.

2) 请给我们一些杂志。

--Give us some magazine, please.

哪几份？是这几份吗？

--Which ones? These?

不，不是那些。

--No, not those.

是在梳妆上的那些

--The ones on the dressing table.

3）请给他一些香烟。

--Give him some cigarettes, please.

哪些？这些吗？

--Which ones? These? 不，不是那些。

--No, no those.

是在电视机上的那些香烟。

--The ones on the television.

4) 请给我爸爸拿几条领带。

--Give my father some ties, please.

--Give some ties to my father, please.

哪些领带？是这些吗？

--Which ones? These?

不，不是那些。

--No, not those.

是在椅子上面的那几条

--The ones on the chair.

比较下面几个句子和短语

1)The spoon is in the cupboard. 勺子是

在食橱里。

2)There is a spoon in the cupboard. 在

食橱里有一把勺子。

3)*the spoon in the cupboard 在食橱里

的勺子

The spoon is in the cupboard.

通常是问句Where is the spoon? 的回答，the spoon 中的the是定冠词，表特指，在这里，“the spoon”是指说话双方都知道的那把勺子。

*where引导的特殊疑问句是问地点方位的，因此，作为where疑问句的回答，它的重点不是勺子，而是强调地点，也就是in the cupboard在食橱里。

There is a spoon in cupboard.

它不是突出a spoon,也不是强调in the cupboard,只是说明一个事实，即在食橱里有一个勺子。没有必要说出哪一把勺子，反

正有一把勺子在食橱里。

*the spoon in the cupboard

事实上它不是一个句子，而是一个短语，这是一个介词短语做后置定语。那么这个短语的中心词是the spoon,介词短语in the cupboard 修饰the spoon, 翻译的时候要把定语放在前面—“在食橱里的勺子”，它一般是which 引导的特殊颖问句的回答。

1)Lee小姐的手提包在书桌上。(强调地点) --Miss lee’s handbag is on the desk. 2) 有一些叉子在盘子里面。(强调某地有某物)

--There are some forks on the plate. 3）--请给我一份杂志。

--Give me a magazine, please.

--哪一个？

--Which one?

--在架子上的那一本。

--The one on the shelf.

小结：

1.介词短语作后置定语

2. 不定代词one ones

3. give sb sth give sth to sb.

Lesson 25

*Mrs. 夫人

Mrs. Smith 史密斯太太(表示她的丈夫姓Smith)

Miss 小姐（指未婚）

Miss Lee 李小姐Ms 女士（己婚与未婚都可以用）

Ms Dupont 村邦女士

*refrigerator n. 电冰箱

--Are there any eggs in the refrigerator? 在冰箱里有一些鸡蛋吗？

*right n. 右边

--on the right 在右边

That’s all right. = It doesn’t matter. 没关系

--I’m sorry.

--That’s all right. (It doesn’t matter) --Are you all right? =Are you ok? 你们还好吗？

That’s right. 没错，对。

*electric adj. 带电的，可通电的

--an electric generator 发电机

--an electric shock 电击

--I got an electric shock. 我被电击到了一下。

*electricity n. 电= power

--power cut 停电

*left n. 左边

--on the left

*cook

1) v. 做饭

--cook a meal 做一顿饭

2）n. 厨师

--His father is a good cook.

*middle n. 中间

--in the middle 在中间

--in the middle of 在…的中间

--in the middle of the room 在房间的中间

--in the middle of the square 在广场的中间

(雕像statue [?st?etju:])

--There is a statue in the middle of the square. 在广场的中间有一个雕像。

*of prep. (属于)…的

--in the middle of 在…的中间

--a book of mine 我的一本书

*room n. 房间

--Who is in the room? My mother is in the room.

--double room 双人间

--room 147 147房间

--make room for sb 给…让路，让个地儿*cup n. 杯子，茶杯

--cup 也可做量词

--a cup of tea 一杯茶

--two cups of coffee 两杯咖啡

*glass n. 玻璃杯

--glass 也可做量词

--a glass of water 一杯水

--two glasses of milk 两杯牛奶

*where引导的特殊疑问句，用来询问地点或位置。

由where引导的，含有系动词be的特殊疑问句的结构与以前学过的特殊疑问句的结构一样：“where + be + 主语“

--Where is the refrigerator?

--It’s in the kitchen.

--Where are their parents?

--They are upstairs. （upstairs是副词,前面不能加介词）

--Come here (副词前面一般不加介词) Listen to the text carefully when I’m reading. And answer the questions.

1.Is Mrs. Smith’s kitchen small or big?

2.What color is the refrigerator?

3.Is the bottle empty or full?

--Smith’s kitchen is small.

Mrs. Smith’s 是名词所有格，表示“史密斯太太的….”

There is a refrigerator in the kitchen. 在厨房里有一个冰箱。

不定冠词“a”具有不确定的义意，第一次提到冰箱，对听者来说根本不知道哪个冰箱，反正在厨房里有一个冰箱。“a”是一个不定冠词，表示泛指。

The refrigerator is white. 冰箱是白色的。--refrigerator 之前用的是定冠词the,因为是第二次提到的，那么这是不在是泛指，表示特指，因此要用定冠词the.

--the通常有明确的所指，即对方和自己都知道所指的人或物，the的后面可以加可数名词单数或复数，也可以加不可数名词。

--the在以元音音素开头的单词前读[ ]

--the eggs the umbrella

--the在以辅音音素开头的单词前读[] --the glass the cups

There is an electric cooker in the kitchen. 厨房里有一个电灶。

--an electric cooker 听者不知道它是指哪一个电灶，它只是泛指电灶中的某一个，所以用不定冠词an; electric是以元音音素开头的单词，前面的不定冠词要用“an”，不能用“a”.

裕兴新概念英语第一册笔记完整版[1]

裕兴新概念英语第一册笔记完整版 ?1）v. 原谅 ?eg. Excuse me. 请原谅，劳驾。 2）n. 借口 ?eg. It?s an excuse. ?me pron. 我（宾格:用来做宾语的。） ?eg. He loves me. 他爱我. ?eg. She cheats me. 他骗我. ?eg. Please tell me. 他告诉我. Excuse me 的用法 这个短语经常被译作“对不起”，但它并不表示你有什么过错，而是说你要打搅别人，所以常被译作“劳驾”。1）为了要引起别人的注意 ?eg. Excuse me. Is this you handbag? 2）要打扰某人或要打断别人话 ?eg. Excuse me . May I ask you a question? 3) 向陌生人问路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station? 4) 向某人借东西 ?eg. Excuse me. Can I bor row your pen? 5) 需要从别人身边挤过或让别人给自己让路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please make some room for me? 6) 要求在宴席或会议中途中离开一会儿 eg. Excuse me. May I lease for a little while? ?sorry 用于当你做错事而向别人道歉的时候，表示“对不起”。 1）请问几点了？ ?eg. Excuse me. What time is it? 2) 不小心把水弄到了别人的身上。 ?eg. Sorry. 或者I?m sorry! 3) 对不起，我先失陪一下 ?eg. Excuse me. 4) 误解了别人的意思 ?eg. Sorry. ?yes 1)adv. 是的（对一般疑问句的肯定回答） ?eg. Are you mad? --Yes, I am. 2)经常用于应答，表示“什么事”。 ?eg. Excuse me? 请问/劳驾？ ---Yes? 什么事？ ?is v. be 动词现在时第三人称单数 ?be : is am are ?is 用于单数名词或单数第三人称代词。 ?eg. He is a student. 他是一个学生。 ?eg. That?s an egg. 那是一个鸡蛋。（That?s= That is）

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The quiet life of the country has never appealed to me. City born and city bred. I have always regarded the country as something you look at through a train window, or something you occasional visit during the weekend. Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always go into raptures at the mere mention of the country. Though they extol the virtues of the peaceful life, only one of them has ever gone to live in the country and he was back in town within six months. Even he still lives under the illusion that country life is somehow superior to town life. He is forever talking about the friendly people, the clean atmosphere, the closeness to nature and the gentle pace of living. Nothing can be compared, he maintains, with the first cock crow, the twittering of birds at dawn, the sight of the rising sun glinting on the trees and pastures. This idyllic pastoral scene is only part of the picture. My friend fails to mention the long and friendless winter evenings in front of the TV -- virtually the only form of entertainment. He says nothing about the poor selection of goods in the shops, or about those unfortunate people who have to travel from the country to the city every day to get to work. Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond me. They could be saved so much misery and expense if they chose to live in the city where they rightly belong. If you can do without the few pastoral pleasures of the country, you will find the city can provide you with the best that life can offer. You never have to travel miles to see your friends. They invariably live nearby and are always available for an informal chat or an evening's entertainment. Some of my acquaintances in the country come up to town once or twice a year to visit the theatre as a special treat. For them this is a major operation which involves considerable planning. As the play draws to its close, they wonder whether they will ever catch that last train home. The city dweller never experiences anxieties of this sort. The latest exhibitions, films, or plays are only a short bus ride away. Shopping, too, is always a pleasure. There is so much variety that you never have to make do with second best. Country people run wild when they go shopping in the city and stagger home loaded with as many of the exotic items as they can carry. Nor is the city without its moments of beauty. There is something comforting about the warm glow shed by advertisements on cold wet winter nights. Few things could be more impressive than the peace that descends on deserted city streets at weekends when the thousands that travel to work every day are tucked away in their homes in the country. It has always been a mystery to me why city dwellers, who appreciate all these things, obstinately pretend that they would prefer to live in the country. The quiet life of the country has never appealed to me. City born and city bred. appeal[?'pil]vi. appeal的基本意思是强烈的请求他人注意某事或希望他人认真考虑自己的请求,即“呼吁”“恳求”呼吁；有吸引力；求助；诉请; appeal to sb.(吸引某人) appeal to the court (向法院上诉)， appeal to history (弓|证历史)， appeal to the public (向大众呼吁)， appeal to patriotism (引起爱国心)， appeal to force (求助于武力) breed[brid]vi.繁殖；饲养；产生(过去式bred) bread[br?d]n. 面包；生计vt. 在…上洒面包屑 宁静的乡村生活从来没有吸引过我。我生在城市，长在城市，

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第一次课： 1）英语的26个字母。A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 26个字母分为两类：元音和辅音。元音5个：A E I O U ；辅音21个。 2）英语共有48个国际音标。也分为两类：元音音标和辅音音标。 3）课文 lesson 1 excuse me 的用法：1.引起对方注意时；2.可能给别人带来不便时 "Pardon?"：也可以说成Padon me? 或I beg your pardon? Thank you very much. 相近意思的有：Thanks/Many thanks./Thanks a lot. This is your handbag. 这是你的手提包。 Is this your handbag?这是你的手提包吗？ 在英语中将陈述句变为疑问句时的3个要点： 1 助动词大写提前；2主语小写紧随其后，其它部分不变；3末尾加问号，读升调。 lesson 2 着重练习疑问句。 lesson 3 sorry和excuse me的区别：sorry已经给别人带来麻烦，程度比excuse要重一些。 sir 的用法： 1对年长者，职务高于自己的男子尊称；2服务场合对所有男性顾客的尊称；3 sir 可以放在连名带姓的前面，也可放在名前面，但不可放在姓前。 This is not my umbrella.这不是我的伞。 not 的语法作用：在陈述句中放在助动词后面，从而使陈述句变为否定句。 第2次课 Lesson 4 Is this your …? Is this your son ? Yes, it is. 注：3岁以下的小孩儿可用it 作代词。 Lesson 5 Mr. 先生Miss小姐 Mr.和Miss 的用法：

(完整版)新概念英语第三册笔记第33课

Lesson 33 A day to remember 难忘的一天 New words and expression 生词和短语 prelude['prelju?d]n. 序幕，前奏 prelude与介词to搭配表示“……的前奏”key/ way/ answer的所有格用to a prelude to serious trouble 麻烦事的前奏 omen ['??m?n] n. 预兆；征兆什么的征兆the omen of 用的是of introduction n. 导言，绪论（连to）introduction to the book preface [?pref.?s] n. 序，前言（连to）foreword n. 序（连to） preface 指作者或编者为说明全书的目的、范围、编辑方法等在序言之前写的一段简短的序文。introduction 普通用词，指任何作品开头对读者或听众说明或介绍该作品，起引导作用的结论部分，和全书内容是一致的。 Unforeseen [?nf??'si?n] a. 意料之外的 foresee v. 预见，预知（主语是人） foresee = see before hand / in advance I foresee a bright future for you. foreseeable a. 可预见的unforeseeable 不可预见的 expected 意料之中的（生活中常用） foretell v. （普通用词）预言（主语可用人和物） predict v. 预言，预示（1、语气比foretell强2、主语是人） He predicts that it would happen in ten years. forecast v. 预测，预报Timely snow foretells bumper harvest. 瑞雪兆丰年。 Fore前缀表示1、前部的（空间），前面的（时间）2、预先 1、forehead forearm前臂forefinger食指foreword前言（写在〔书〕前面的话→前言） Forerunner 先驱，先兆forefather祖先foresight 远见 2、foresee forecast foretell forestall阻止（预先制止） series ['s??ri?z; -r?z] n. 系列 series 单复数同型常见搭配a serie s of We’ve got a series of good harvest. 我们取得了一连串的大丰收。 chain n. 连串连锁 a chain of 一系列 a chain of reaction a series of reaction chain store 连锁店chain reaction 连锁反应 succession [s?k'se?(?)n] 一连串，一系列侧重指时间的顺序，强调时间的连续没有间隔开 a succession of failures 一系列的失败We’ve got a succession of successes. Sequence 一系列; 一连串 series 指按照性质类似或基本相同的关系而安排的一系列事物。 Chain指像链条一样连接在一起的一连串事物，有时彼此间含因果关系。 succession 侧重一些类似的东西或事件一个接一个连续不断。 sequence 多指时间、空间或事件等有规律、合乎逻辑的连续（衔接的次序）。可以是发生的先后顺序，也可以是逻辑顺序。 string （本意是细绳、串）连续不断相似的事件（类似chain） a string of cars 一连串的汽车 catastrophe [k?'t?str?f?] n.. 大祸，灾难 这个词强调严重，波及范围广的灾难