灵通高职英语第一册答案
Unit 1 Education
Exercises of Text A
I. Getting to the Point
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. B
5. C
IV. Vocabulary and Structure
A. Putting Words in Place
1. achieve
2. general
3. environment
4. generation
5. average
6. guaranteed
7. opportunity
8. entrance
9. amazing 10. physical
B. Finding the Right Expressions
1. entrance exam
2. in large part
3. due to
4. together with
5. As a rule
6. in the field of
7. filial piety
8. Confucian ideas
C. Looking for Likeness
1. It is becoming more and more important for old people to keep their blood pressure under
control.
2. It is becoming more and more necessary for him to learn English well.
3. I like tea while she likes coffee.
4. Some people waste food while many other people are starving.
5. It isn’t just the poor that lead a miserable life.
6. It isn’t just hard work that makes a person successful.
7. This dress, though beautiful, is not suitable for you.
8. This house, though comfortable, is not big enough for the three of us.
西方大学里的亚裔学生
在美国这个人人机会均等的国度，亚洲人似乎比大多数其他民族更有可能获得成功，尤其在教育领域。美国的学校和大学里优等生都是亚洲人的脸孔，这种现象已经越来越常见了。美国大学入学考试之一的SA T考试中，亚裔学生的平均分是1091，而白人学生平均分为1068，美籍西班牙学生922，黑人学生864。
然而，仅仅拥有亚洲人的身份并不足以保证取得如此高分。比如说，菲律宾裔美国人通常并不是学习成绩最好的，虽然他们自身很努力。通常位于班级前列的亚洲人大多数来自深受儒家思想影响的国家，比如中国、韩国、日本和越南。
那么为什么这些亚洲人常常能跻身于学术界的顶端呢？因为他们勤劳的移民背景吗？这似乎是答案所在，但许多优等生不再是来自移民家庭，而是来自于在美国生活了三代或四代的亚洲家庭。科学家的另一种理论将儒家文化的亚洲人的高智商归功于他们的文化传统，因为他们从事脑力劳动的时间比单纯体力劳动的历史更悠久。这种理论虽然有趣，但还没有事实支持，因为这些亚洲人的学业在世界上其他国家并不总是很成功。
大多数人总结认为，亚洲人学业上的成功在很大程度上是由于受到儒家思想的影响，比如说对父母的孝顺，对教育的尊重以及辛勤劳动。这些儒家思想和西方高等教育体制一道为年轻的亚洲学生创造了完美的获取成功的环境。
Exercises of Text B
I. Getting to the Point
1. D
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. D
IV. Word Kaleidoscope
A. Putting Words in Place
1. pressure
2. ability
3. encourage
4. talented
5. discoveries
6. approaching
7. rich in
8. constant
9. motivate 10. competes with
B. Picking the Right Words
1. attends; joined; attended
2. usual; common; general
V. Real World Writing
A. Translation Practice
1. His failure to pass the entrance exam is in large part due to his carelessness.
2. As a rule, the teacher gives us one-on-one lessons on Monday.
3. Though he went abroad at an early age, he is still skilled at his mother tongue.
4. His parents pushed him to succeed.
5. I was amazed at his behavior.
B. Writing Skills
1. My wallet was stolen, so I went to the police.
2. He often communicates with foreigners, thus speaking English fluently.
3. He turned off the lights, and then went away.
4. The root of the plant is bitter, while the fruit is sweet.
5. He worked very hard; he earned enough money to buy a new house.
6. Wherever he may be, he will be happy.
培养特长
“全世界的儿童都说他们自己的母语！”铃木镇一博士，一位日本小提琴家对他这一伟大发现感到兴奋。如果所有的儿童都学会说语言的话，那么这些儿童也能够学习其他的东西。这种简单的思想就是“母语教学法”的开端，一种改变了全世界音乐教学以及其他才能培养的教学方法。
那么婴儿是怎么学会说话的呢？婴儿在说出他的第一个清晰的单词之前要聆听和观察很长一段时间。父母和其他人会不断地鼓励这个孩子。没有人想过要敦促他跟别人竞争。通过不断地聆听和模仿他周围的人，他在学会阅读和写字之前就已经能熟练地使用语言了。
铃木镇一博士首先把他的想法运用到小提琴教学中。他从只有三岁大的儿童开始试验。起初，孩子以及一位家长参加集体小提琴课，但要做的只是观看其他孩子们演奏。接着，老师进行一对一的教学，但是前几次课是为家长开设的，而孩子所要做的就是观察！通过观看自己的父母以及其它孩子演奏，孩子的兴趣就会与日俱增。很快，他就有足够的兴趣来亲自尝试。
铃木镇一博士的目的是要使音乐成为一种乐趣，而不是压力。他鼓励父母们在家中播放最好的小提琴音乐，这样孩子在演奏的时候会把美妙的背景音乐作为自己的目标。在充满音乐和鼓励的氛围里，孩子的能力会得到快速发展。
几年之后，铃木博士的几百名学生都能够在音乐会上演奏出优美而华丽的乐曲，全世界的观众为之震惊。从没有人想象过这么小的孩子就能这么有才华。铃木的方法向世界证明，才华是后天习得的，而并非天生的。拥有了合适的环境和鼓励，孩子们可以做出惊人的事情。
Unit 2 Goals and Success
Exercises of Text A
I. Getting to the Point
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. A
IV. Vocabulary and Structure
A. Putting Words in Place
1. accomplish/reach
2. challenging
3. automatic
4. motivation
5. discouraged
6. expectations
7. quit
8. reach
9. disappoint 10. effective
B. Finding the Right Expressions
1. in common
2. result in
3. figure out
4. in sight
5. depends upon
6. in no time
7. in a day
8. set goals
C. Looking for Likeness
1. He started the meeting by showing a short video.
2. They greeted each other by shaking hands.
3. The contract should not be too long, but also should not be too short.
4. A suitable house should not be too large, but also should not be too small.
5. It is his expectation to see the goal being accomplished.
6. I can’t bear to see him being treated like that.
7. Whatever happens, you shouldn’t give up.
8. Whatever problems you come across, don’t get frightened.
确立成功的目标
沃尔特·迪斯尼、比尔·盖茨、阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦、本杰明·富兰克林，这些人有什么共同点呢？他们都是普通人成功的典范。成功不会是天上掉下来的馅饼，成功人士都是有计划地、一步一步走向成功的。为了取得成功，他们会问自己三个基本问题来确立目标。
第一个问题是“适合我的目标是什么？”每个人的能力不尽相同，因此目标必须量身定做，并且要合理。这就意味着目标既不能太容易也不能太难，目标太容易会导致枯燥乏味，太难了就会导致失败。最好的目标要有挑战性而又不令人气馁。
第二个重要问题是“多久能够实现这个目标？”法国哲学家及作家孟德斯鸠曾经说过，“大多数事情的成功取决于我们明白实现成功需要多长时间。”这句话里富含智慧。有些人失败是因为他们对成功有错误的预期，他们失望是因为他们以为一夜之间就能实现目标。正如古话所说，“罗马不是一天建成的。”另一方面，不制订计划的人将不会有亲见目标实现的喜悦。如果我们对何时实现目标有明确的计划，就会感觉倍受鼓舞，因为随时都能够看见即将取得的成功。
最后，一个善于确立目标的人会经常问自己，“我做得怎么样？”看见自己在不断取得进步是很重要的，这是继续前进的良好动力。如果一个人没能达到目标，他应该弄清楚原因。也许他的目标不合理，也许达到目标的方法不够有效。不管是什么情况，暂时的失败并不意味着就没有希望了。如果一个人不放弃并从失败中汲取教训，那么他将很快实现自己的目标！
Exercises of Text B
I. Getting to the Point
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. D
IV. Word Kaleidoscope
A. Putting Words in Place
1. came true
2. involves
3. creative
4. neglected
5. evaluate
6. fit in with
7. excuse
8. set priorities
9. trust 10. vision
B. Picking the Right Words
1. custom customs habit
2. trust believe trust
3. results from resulted in resulted in
V. Real World Writing
A. Translation Practice
1. A successful businessman sets goals and priorities.
2. If the plan is not reasonable, it will result in failure.
3. Although they are sisters, they have nothing in common.
4. We should always remind ourselves of what is truly important in life.
5. No one can make sure that what he said will come true.
B. Writing Skills
1. There was no hotel around.
2. We hope you’ll come to the party.
3. It was Xiao Li who opened the door.
4. The murderer was caught this morning.
5. I don’t like chatting online, because it was a waste of time.
6. At last an agreement was reached.
C. Applied Writing
TELEPHONE MESSAGE
For Robin Liu Date June 10
Phone No. 310-793-2102 Time 1:15pm
From Ms. Newcomer of N&C Company
MESSAGE:
Ms. Newcomer called around 1:15 this afternoon to inform our company that we would be receiving the sample machine at 3 this afternoon. She wanted you to return her call later this afternoon in confirmation that the sample had been received.
Ms. Newcomer also wanted to set up an appointment with you sometime next week to discuss the price and discount.
Information Recorded By: Wang Hong
成功的准则
大多数人希望自己能够取得巨大的成功，他们常常会有许多梦想，但是很少有人知道怎样使自己的梦想成真。史蒂芬·柯维在他的畅销书《高效能人士的七个习惯》中写道，任何人只要遵循一些基本准则，就能在生活中取得成功。以下是对柯维主要观点的总结：
1. 成功人士需要通过自身努力来实现目标。他会为成功创造条件，而不是坐等着成功的到来。
2. 成功人士对自己的处境有清晰的认识。他的目标是什么？生活中最重要的是什么？办事效
率高的人时常提醒自己注意这些事情。
3. 成功人士在确立目标之后，会确定事情的轻重缓急。他必须决定哪件事情先做，哪件事稍
后，等等。决定了事情的主次之后，他必须对计划做出安排，确保他做的每件事都按照轻重缓急的顺序。
4. 成功人士都知道成功离不开合作。成功需要别人的帮助。在实现自己梦想的过程中不应该
伤害他人。
5. 有效的交流在生活的方方面面都很重要，交流中最重要的是倾听。做事效率高的人总能努
力去理解别人。善于倾听者总是能赢得别人的信任，从而进行坦诚交流。
6. 成功的人有远见和独到的观点，通过与别人合作，他们会以创新的方式来完成任务。7．在忙碌的生活中，成功人士不忘照顾好自己。无论是思想上、身体上、情感上、社会上还是精神上，他都不会忽略自己，因为生活的各方面都很重要，成功人士知道如何合理运用时间充实和照顾自己。
Unit 3 Historical Events
Exercises of Text A
I. Getting to the Point
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. A
5. C
IV. Vocabulary and Structure
A. Putting Words in Place
1. on board
2. Misfortunes
3. afford
4. shortage
5. Hense
6. concerning
7. sinking
8. managed
9. sent off 10. struck
B. Finding the Right Expressions
1. is known for
2. on board
3. because of
4. sent off
5. In the past
6. Not only … but also
C. Looking for Likeness
1. The course will not only meet the students’ needs, but also meet the needs of
professionals.
2. Environmental protection is not only good for the modern world, but also for future
generations.
3. Because of bad weather, his flight was delayed.
4. Their plan failed because of lack of money.
5. It’s too bad that we have to put off the outing because of the rain.
6. It’s too bad that we can’t watch the World Cup finals because we have to work on
Monday.
7. I could have lent you more money if I hadn’t just bought a new house.
8. If it hadn’t been for the traffic, they could have arrived on time.
泰坦尼克号
船上有飞行员、珠宝商、商店老板、老师、铁匠、学者、医生、政客、仆人、歌手和作家，等等，这里只是列举了乘客中的一部分。不是所有的人都乘头等舱旅行的，只有富人才坐得起头等舱。但是他们乘坐的是同一艘船，据说这是一艘就连上帝都不能让它沉没的船―“永不沉没”的“皇家邮政服务泰坦尼克号”。
泰坦尼克号属于一家叫做J.P. 摩根的美国公司，但它是由英国的船厂制造的，并由英国人管理。这艘船闻名于世，并不因为它速度快，而是因为它坚不可摧。大多数人认为它不过是往返于两块大陆之间的一艘客轮，但事实上泰坦尼克号并不仅仅是用来运载乘客的，它同时被用来在美国和英国之间运送肉类和邮件。因此船名的前三个首字母缩写的意思是“皇家邮政服务”。
泰坦尼克号于1912年4月10日从英国出发，预期于4月15日抵达纽约。然而4月14日它撞到了冰山，4月15日就沉入了纽芬兰群岛一带的冰冷海水中。由于当时泰坦尼克号上准备的救生艇数量不够，很多人没能获救。仅有的一些救生艇甚至都没有坐满，因为它们是在事故发生后不久被放下水的，当时人们还没有那么恐慌。
泰坦尼克号的灾难过后，人们对救生艇制定了新的规定。过去人们认为，如果一艘船上配
备有许多救生艇，那么这艘船就不够安全。有时只有经历事故之后人们才能学会如何有效防止事故的发生。在那个生死攸关的晚上，更多的生命本来是可以获救的，这一点非常可惜。错误传达和坏运气共同导致了许多人丧生。
Exercises of Text B
I. Getting to the Point
1. B
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. D
IV. Word Kaleidoscope
A. Putting Words in Place
1. estimated
2. will leave for
3. end up
4. Accompanied
5. destination
6. abandoned
7. boarding
8. descendant
9. ahead of 10. has no idea
B. Picking the Right Words
1. icy; iced; freezing
2. fell; sinking; dropped
3. perished; disappeared; disappear
V. Real World Writing
A. Translation Practice
1. There were 500 passengers on board, two of whom were Canadians.
2. China is known for its china.
3. The flight was cancelled because of thick fog.
4. These children have no idea what is waiting for them.
5. He never listened to others’ advice, so he ended up in prison.
B. Writing Skills
1. The meeting was held in our classroom yesterday afternoon.
2. Many words are widely used in everyday life.
3. These are the books due this week.
4. You may ask the gentleman standing by the door.
5. There is nothing interesting in the newspaper.
6. The house at the foot of the hill is a museum.
C. Applied Writing
The weather will be cloudy this weekend with a chance of raining on Saturday afternoon and Sunday morning. If you are planning to go outing, this will not be the weekend to do so.
On Monday clear skies and plenty of sunshine are expected. In the day the high will be 15℃, and the low 10℃. On Tuesday we can expect cold and windy weather. The temperature will drop to 3℃in the morning. In the evening there’s a good chance that we’ll get some snow.
孤儿列车
火车几分钟后即将离开纽约，他们就等着上车了，虽然不知道接下来的生活会是什么样子。在他们身后是城市的街道，而摆在他们面前的是未知的世界。他们就是“孤儿列车乘客”。通过
孤儿列车，人们为孤儿和遗弃儿童找到了关爱他们的新家。有些人认为，孤儿列车就是人们常说的美国儿童领养制度的开始。
1854年当孤儿列车刚运行的时候，纽约市街头大概有三万流浪儿。一名叫布雷斯的牧师觉得有必要让纽约市街头那些无家可归的孩子找到新家，找到爱护和照顾他们的父母。他的梦想于9月20日成真了，那天第一辆孤儿列车把12名无家可归的儿童从纽约送往密歇根，为他们寻找新家。布雷斯认为在西部，孩子们的人生道路会更广阔一些。孤儿列车一辆接一辆地开往西部，持续75年之久。
孩子们离开纽约之前，会被告知他们将要进行一次旅行。他们登上火车，不知道终点在哪里，一路上有人负责照顾他们。目的地的镇长通常在孩子们到达之前就为他们找到好的家庭，准备接受他们。孩子们到达目的地后，就会与新家庭团聚。
据估计1996年有500名“孤儿列车乘客”仍然健在，统计表明在美国有2百万（注：此处课本上应为2 million。）是“孤儿列车乘客”的后代。我自己的曾祖父就是孤儿，童年的他可能就是个“孤儿列车乘客”。
Unit 4
Exercises of Text A
I. Getting to the Point
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. B
5. A
IV. Vocabulary and Structure
A. Putting Words in Place
1. evidence
2. ancient
3. laws
4. exactly
5. military
6. popular
7. included
8. excitement
9. shorten 10. Association
B. Finding the Right Expressions
1. are similar to
2. take an active part in
3. A group of
4. all over the world
5. more … than
6. some type of
7. is popular
8. share in
C. Looking for Likeness
1. He lived in an apartment that had two bedrooms.
2. Mary bought her daughter a children’s book that had lovely pictures.
3. The 2010 World Cup will be held in South Africa, with millions of football fans
watching the games.
4. She felt safe with her husband sitting next to her.
5. He reads many newspapers every day, including the China Daily.
6. Please fill in this form with your personal information, including your date of
birth.
7. It is hard to decide who will be the best player of the match.
8. It is hard to choose between love and friendship.
从“协会”到“足球”
尽管很难断定足球运动的确切发源地，但足球运动确实已经存在了大约3000年了。在汉代（公元前二、三世纪）军队中就开始流行踢足球了。在日本的京都甚至找到了更早的证据。人们发现了一个古代的运动场地，两边各有一张网。古希腊和罗马人也玩过一种跟现代足球比赛类似的游戏，不过，当时每支球队有27名球员！
现代足球，这项在英格兰和苏格兰被称作英式足球的运动，是由英国人创立的。8世纪，这项运动相当流行。1331年，当时的英格兰国王并没有像他的子民那样热衷于足球，因为那时
的足球是种非常暴力的运动。比赛中人们可以相互殴打或者撕咬其他的选手，通常比赛持续一整天，许多市民都会加入其中。1424年苏格兰詹姆斯王制定了一条法律，规定“禁止踢足球！”但他却无法阻止这项运动的流行。
1863年，一部分人自发组织起来为足球运动制定官方规则，这就是如今我们所知道的足球协会的起源。Soccer这个单词最初是一名牛津大学的学生创造的，当他被问及是否喜欢玩橄榄球时他创造了这个词。他把协会（association）一词简称为“soc” 并在词尾加了个“er”。在当时，足球运动员有他们自己的俚语，他们会缩减词语然后在后面加上“er”，这就是今天我们所使用的soccer一词的由来。今天足球运动遍布全世界，观看足球比赛的人要比看其他任何运动，包括奥运会的人都要多。
Exercises of Text B
I. Getting to the Point
1. D
2. C
3. A
4. B
5.A
IV. Word Kaleidoscope
A. Putting Words in Place
1. committee
2. symbolizes; symbolized
3. had … in common
4. preparing for
5. character
6. host
7. Kindness
8. tradition
9. translate … into 10. international
B. Picking the Right Words
1. contains/contained; concluded; included/includes
2. interpret; translate; translated
3. invented; discovered; discovering
V. Real World Writing
A. Translation Practice
1. My opinion is similar to his.
2. The Bible has been translated into many languages.
3. We must prepare well for our English final examination.
4. He shares in my troubles as well as my joys.
5. Although the sisters look like twins, they aren’t.
B. Writing Skills
1. It is raining outside now.
2. There has always been a close link between these two countries.
3. We will have been married for ten years by the end of next week.
4. He went to the church last week.
5. I had told his wife about it before he came back.
6. He was surfing the Internet at 8 o’clock last night.
C. Applied Writing
奥运吉祥物
贝贝，晶晶，欢欢，迎迎，妮妮有什么共同点呢？首先，他们都被选为2008年奥运会的吉祥物。第二，他们都来自中国！那么北京奥委会为什么要选择他们五个作为奥运会的标志呢？或者我们也许应该问，“他们为什么要选择这些吉祥物呢？”
贝贝是条蓝色的鱼，晶晶是只黑白相间的熊猫，欢欢是红色的奥林匹克圣火，迎迎是只橘色的藏羚羊，妮妮是只绿色的小燕子。每个吉祥物的颜色都取自奥运五环中的一种。这些标志在奥运会开幕前的第1000天被介绍给世界，2008年奥运会将有三种以上的吉祥物，这是奥运史上三十多年以来的第一次。
每种吉祥物的名字在一起组成了一句口号，“北京欢迎您”。由于这是北京首次主办奥运会，她希望向全世界展示她的热情好客。这些卡通形象象征了所有中国人民的希望和梦想，自然的五大元素，同时也象征了五种祝福——繁荣、幸福、健康、好运和热情。
第一个奥林匹克吉祥物出现在1968年格勒诺布尔冬季奥运会上，他的名字是舒斯，看起来就像是个在滑雪板上的脑袋。从那以后，每届奥运会选定吉祥物就成了一个传统。你觉得“福娃”怎么样呢？北京奥运会的口号是“同一个世界，同一个梦想”。这就是中国向世界上的每一片土地传达的讯息——友谊的信号。
Unit 5 Interpersonal Relationships
Exercises of Text A
I. Getting to the Point
1. D
2. D
3. B
4. A
5. C
IV．Vocabulary and Structure
A. Putting Words in Place
1. impression
2. wonder
3. solution
4. obviously
5. benefit
6. successfully
7. acceptance
8. respond
9. attitude 10. immediate
B. Finding the Right Expressions
1. figure out
2. go a long way towards
3. got angry with
4. give him the benefit of the doubt
5. on my own
6.talk on and on
C. Looking for Likeness
1. He doesn’t like doing anything except sleeping.
2. John never watches anything on TV except football games.
3. I would rather stay at home than go fishing.
4. I would rather die than live in disgrace.
5. If weather permits, we will go to the park tomorrow.
6. If he wins, he'll be the first Englishman to win in twenty years.
7. Since you couldn’t find a job right now, we’d better save the money for
emergency.
8. Mike has been saving a bottle of champagne for his birthday party.
异性间的交流
“他从不听我的。”“她总是说个不停。”“他除了足球别的什么都不谈。”“她一次能同时谈论上万件事情。”你有没有想过男人和女人同是人类，却怎么会有这么大的区别？男人和女人，尽管同为人类，却有着明显不同的思维方式、不同的追求，而且很显然，交流方式也有差异。
与异性成功交流的第一步就是要意识到男女有着不同的交流方式。男人通常以一种直接的、实事求是的态度谈论事情；而女人则喜欢不停地讲下去，深入地探讨同一个主题。男人确立目标后就想立即解决问题，而女人则喜欢从很多不同的角度讨论问题，而不是寻求直截了当的解决方法。对于女人来说，谈话是表达情感的方式。男人愿意独立地解决问题，而女人则更愿意寻求他人的帮助。我们都知道男人从来不情愿问路的！
那么，差别甚大的两性之间如何成功地进行交流呢？首先，理解并接受对方。男人和女人并不能改变对方。他们只能改变自己对问题的态度和反应。第二，尊重彼此的想法和感觉。在生对方的气之前要确认自己是否真正理解了对方的想法和情感。第一印象通常是不准确的，总的来说，要给予对方充分的信任。最后，如果有重要的事情要谈，要选择恰当的时间。男人通常只能同时做一件事情。如果他在看足球比赛，她应该等晚些时候再说。如果她这一天过得不开心，他就应该把问题留到以后再谈－并给予她一些安慰。
理解、接受、尊重以及把握正确的时机，这些对于消除两性之间的交流误区都是很有帮助的。
Exercises of Text B
I. Getting to the Point
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. B
IV. Word Kaleidoscope
A. Putting Words in Place
1. politely
2. apply
3. appreciated
4. disagree
5. complained
6. actions
7. required
8. argue
9. compromise 10. pride
B. Picking the Right Words
1. wonders; wanders/wandered/is wandering; wander
2. arguing/quarreling; discuss; argued
3. requires; acquired; required
V. Real World Writing
A. Translation Practice
1. I like living on my own.
2. Thank you and your generous donation will go a long way toward building the children’s hospital.
3. A sense of humor enabled him to get along well with others.
4. He’s trying to figure out a better way to solve the problem.
5. We don’t have enough evidence to prove that he stole the wallet, so we will give him the benefit of the doubt.
B. Writing Skills
1. There are many people in the meeting room.
2. There happened to be nobody in the room.
3. There seems to be no solution to this problem.
4. There used to be a cinema here.
5. There must be something wrong with the machine.
6. There is going to be an English evening tomorrow.
C. Applied Writing
May 1, 2006
Dear Megan,
Hi! How are you? I hope you are doing well. My parents are throwing me a party on Saturday, May 10 in celebration of my birthday. I would like to invite you to be my guest of honor.
The party will be held from 6 p.m. to 9 p.m. at Randolph Parks Recreation Center, where we will swim, play volleyball and have a barbecue, so if you decide to come, please bring your swimsuit and a change of clothes!
Please RSVP to Valerie Conn before May 3, 2006. You can reach Valerie Conn by email, vconn@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/494614358.html, or by phone 543-9865.I hope you will come!
Sincerely,
Bethany
与父母相处
几乎所有的孩子时不时都会跟父母闹矛盾。他们知道父母爱他们，为他们付出了很多，但他们觉得很难跟父母沟通或者遵守父母定的规矩。父母和子女之间总免不了会争吵，虽然他们很想相互关爱。如果遵循以下的“沟通、尊重、体谅”的简单原则，这类争论以及其他类型的家庭冲突都是可以避免的。
任何关系中最重要的因素是良好的交流。父母给孩子定规矩时，通常会向他们解释这样做的原因。比如说，“我不许你晚上十点之后出去是因为我认为那样不安
全。”也许孩子会不同意这个规定，这时他（她）应该说明自己的观点——有礼貌地。探讨不同的意见有助于父母和子女之间加强理解。有时经过讨论后，双方会达成折衷的方案。
其次，尊重是很重要的。孩子即使不赞成父母的最终决定，也应该注意自己的言行和态度，要表现出对父母的尊重和爱戴。生活中孩子如果不能随心所欲就会生气或抱怨。孩子们如果希望享受成年人一般的待遇，就应该表现出自己是有责任感和值得信赖的。
第三，考虑到对方的需要及权力是很重要的。关心他人需要克服自己的傲慢和自私。如果孩子帮忙做家务并经常感谢父母，那么父母就会很高兴，这样他们之间的关系很可能就会更好了。
这些原则适用于任何一种关系。一个善于交际，懂得尊重并体谅他人的人跟父母或他人相处时就不会有什么麻烦了。
Unit 6 Health
Exercises of Text A
I. Getting to the Point
1. C
2. D
3. C
4. B
5. A
IV. Vocabulary and Structure
A. Putting Words in Place
1. damaged
2. drive
3. actual
4. appearance
5. balances
6. healthier
7. push
8. proper
9. lost 10. true
B. Finding the Right Expressions
1. right now
2.burned (the city) off
3. worrying about
4. not only; but also
5. as well as
6. too much
7. nothing more than
8. once in a while
C. Looking for Likeness
1. According to expert opinions, they gave up the experiment immediately.
2. According to our records, the books you have borrowed have been returned.
3. We should avoid making simple mistakes in our writing.
4. Jack and Mary try to avoid seeing each other because they are no longer friends.
5. We need air, just like the fish need water.
6. Our parents will forgive you just like I do.
7. He ran away not only with his own money, but also with much of his wife's.
8. He is not only strong and healthy but also very smart.
合理饮食
当今社会有种流行趋势就是拥有模特般的完美身材，尤其年轻的女性更追求这一点。如今年轻女性中最流行的减肥方法之一就是单纯的挨饿，每天只吃面包或一点水果。然而，挨饿绝不是减肥的好方法，用这样的方法减肥你的身心会受到极大的损害。你必须吃东西，而且一定要吃好。如果你控制好饮食的种类以及分量，你就可以在吃得好的同时，拥有健康的体重。
饮食尽量均衡，各种类型的食物都要吃点。根据食物金字塔，每天你要吃6-11
份的面包或谷物，3-5份蔬菜，2-4份水果，2-3份蛋白质和2-3份奶制品。尽量避免摄入过多的糖或脂肪，但偶尔吃那么一点点也没有必要担心。
一些专家建议以这种方式来减肥：每天吃五到六餐，每餐分量可以酌情减少。这样你每天实际上吃得更少，但身体还有足够的能量维持一天的活动。这样一来摄入的热量很容易就被消耗掉了。从早餐开始！早餐是一天中最重要的一餐。正如汽车需要汽油一样，每天早晨我们身体所需的能量源于健康的早餐。
均衡的饮食无论对你的外表还是健康来说都很重要。例如，如果摄入过多的脂肪，以后你的心脏可能会有问题，吃盐过多的人也会有高血压的毛病，如果不加以控制就很危险。合理膳食应该从现在开始！年轻时恰当地饮食是有助于健康长寿的。记住，真正美丽的是健康的身体，而健康的身体源自合理的饮食。
Exercises of Text B
I. Getting to the Point
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. D
5. C
IV. Word Kaleidoscope
A. Putting Words in Place
1. overworked
2. increased
3. routine
4. recommended
5. strength
6. threat
7. muscles
8. gradual
9. ignored 10. lift
B. Picking the Right Words
1. raised; raised/lift; lift
2. affect; effect; influence
V. Real World Writing
A. Translation Practice
1. You will only get in shape if you eat less and exercise more.
2. I was meant to be working on Sunday, but instead I just fooled around all day.
3. I am bored with my biology class.
4. I work out regularly to keep healthy.
5. He plays tennis once in a while.
B. Writing Skills
1. He was so poor that he couldn’t afford a car.
2. Divide these books among the three of you.
3. The students take their lunch to school.
4. A teacher should have patience in his work.
5. Why don’t you go and ask him?
6. It took me a lot of time to find out a solution to the problem.
C. Applied Writing
May 4, 2006
Dear Li Xiaolong,
How are you doing? I’m writing to thank you for the present you gave me at my birthday party.
I have always craved a PSP. I was really surprised you got it for me, as I know it is expensive. I know that you don’t have a lot of money to spend. It must have taken you months to save up.
I am really thankful for the gift. You are a great friend, and I couldn’t have asked for a better present. Thank you from the bottom of my heart.
Sincerely,
Robert
锻炼
懒惰和过度工作已经成为当今社会上对人类健康的两个最大的威胁。仅仅做到饮食得当远远不够让你拥有一个健康的身体。为了保持体型和健康，持续而有规律的锻炼必定是我们日常生活的一个关键部分。
两类最基本的锻炼项目中，第一类是有氧运动。有氧运动的目标是进行30分钟以上的增加心跳频率的练习。跑步、游泳和打网球都是很好的有氧运动项目。有氧练习，特别是如果能够经常坚持做的话，可以帮助你强健心脏。专家建议平均每周要有三到五天做一些有氧运动。
第二类基本锻炼是负重训练和力量训练，目的是为了练肌肉。举重是最常见的负重训练。许多想要减肥的人常常会忽视了这种锻炼方法。然而，在你的锻炼日程里面忽略负重训练是错误的。更多的肌肉会加快你的新陈代谢，而新陈代谢的加快就意味着即使你在不动的时候也能够燃烧更多的卡路里，减去更多的体重。
任何锻炼项目都需要在有氧运动和负重练习间取得一个平衡。刚开始的时候要慢慢来。如果你只能锻炼十分钟，刚开始的时候就只练十分钟，并逐渐增强你的运动强度。很快你就能够锻炼更长的时间，更大的强度了。如果你对你现有锻炼项目感到厌倦了，可以尝试选一些新的锻炼项目做一段时间。可以试着一个星期里打几天篮球来代替跑步。团队或是集体的运动项目很好，因为当你跟其他人一起锻炼的时候，常常会忘了自己是在做运动啦！如果你能使你的锻炼变得很有趣，那么要养成一个终身锻炼的习惯也许就会容易得多了。
Unit 7 Interview
Exercises of Text A
I. Getting to the Point
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. D
IV. Vocabulary and Structure
A. Putting Words in Place
1. invite
2. paycheck
3. volunteers
4. developing
5. published
6. frequent
7. performance
8. forced
9. interview 10. backgrounds
B. Finding the Right Expressions
1. do some acting
2. ended up
3. in the field of
4. got involved in
5. hold the students’ attention
6. calls in
C. Looking for Likeness
9. It is polite to shake hands with someone you meet for the first time.
2. It is rude to ask a lady about her age.
3. She’s wearing perfume that smells like fresh roses.
4. From the way he talks, he sounds like a businessman.
5. I am lucky enough just to be admitted to Miami University even if I can’t afford the
tuition
6. He was happy enough just to be here even if he was late.
7. Most students care more about test results than about real learning.
8. Jack spends more time playing basketball than studying in the library.
采访鲍勃·沃尔斯
朱莉：大家早上好！欢迎收听每周二早晨的“中国的老外们”这一节目。在这个节目里我们会采访在中国工作的外国人，并邀请广大听众打电话参与提问。今天我们的嘉宾是来自
澳大利亚的鲍勃·沃尔斯，他因为编写和表演英语教学类的电视节目而在中国非常出
名。鲍勃，欢迎你来到我们的节目！
鲍勃：谢谢，朱莉！很高兴能到这儿来。
朱莉：那么，鲍勃，你最终是怎么选择来中国工作的呢？中国离大洋彼岸的澳大利亚可是遥远得很啊！
鲍勃：我第一次来中国访问大约是在十年前了，当时是和几个大学同学一起来的。访问期间，我的一位中国同学问我是否愿意帮忙做一些表演。她刚为一本在中国出版的英语课本
编写了一个短剧。这是我第一次到中国同时也是我第一次在英语教学领域里参与表演，因此当我在2003年来到这里定居时，很自然地又再次参与到英语教学节目的表演中了。
朱莉：你有什么样的英语教学背景呢？
鲍勃：我最早对非母语英语教学感兴趣是当我在我的大学城里看到那些移民的时候开始的。当时我做了很多志愿者工作帮助他们快速学习英语，以便他们能够适应在澳
大利亚的新生活。念完大学后，我去日本工作了一年，在那里教过数百个学生。
我也在那里进行过大量的教材编写工作，这为我最终来到中国开发电视节目做了
更充分的准备。
朱莉：以你的经验，什么才能使一个英语教学节目获得成功？
鲍勃：我的回答听起来可能有些简单，但是我觉得电视节目应该有可看性！我的意思是节目应该能够吸引孩子的注意力，即使没有父母或老师的强迫。节目的画面必须有趣，场
景要经常变化，要有风趣的角色和高质量的表演，节目的演员应该更关心怎样把工作
做好而不是能拿多少薪水。我觉得好像有这么一种观念认为电视教学节目不需要做得
很好，因为它只不过是为了教学目的。呃，我不同意这种看法。我们应该把电视教学
节目做成高质量的电视节目。
Exercises of Text B
I. Getting to the Point
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. D
5. C
IV. Word Kaleidoscope
A. Putting Words in Place
1. view
2. Compared
3. public
4. produced
5. specially
6. On the whole
7. Keep in mind
8. active
9. imagination 10. mentioned
B. Picking the Right Words
1. manufacture produces assembles/manufactures
2. case event(s) accident
3. compared to On the contrary in contrast to
V. Real World Writing
A. Translation Practice
6. I am afraid I won’t measure up to the high standa rds you have set.
7. On the whole, living habits vary from person to person.
8. Many organizations got involved in this project.
9. After traveling for several years, I ended up making Europe my home/settling in
Europe.
10. The players decided to take a break before the second half of the game.
B. Writing Skills
1. I can tell something else from his words.
2. You are entitled to free lunch.
3. I want a tape recorder, but I can’t afford it.
4. We had a good time/enjoyed ourselves this weekend.
5. To my disappointment, he didn’t answer my phone.
6. The police took immediate and effective measures.
C. Applied Writing
采访鲍勃·沃尔斯（续）
朱莉：中国的电视英语教学节目跟其他国家比起来怎么样？
鲍勃：嗯，就英语语言能力的水平来讲，中国的英语教学节目很优秀。当然，有些节目做得尤其出色，但是整体而言，语言能力都很不错。
朱莉：你提到了语言能力，但是对于一个电视节目而言还有更多别的东西，那么你是如何评价中国电视英语教学节目的综合水平的呢？
鲍勃：跟世界上其他大多数国家的英语教学节目比起来，中国的教学节目显得非常严肃。整体上有这么一种感觉，因为是教学用的，节目就必须很正式，
就像是在课堂上上课一样。现在，当然有一些VCD是为了在课堂内使用而
特别制作的，因而做得更严肃和正式一些也是比较合适的。可是供大众欣
赏的电视节目就应该要有趣才行！有时候，教育家们似乎认为想象力和创
造力是很危险的，因为它超出了传统教学经验的范畴。但是电视节目应该
要敢于放开一些尺度，奔放一点又有何妨！我们的目的是要吸引孩子们的
注意力，这样他们才会因为喜爱看而去学习它。
朱莉：当你在写作和表演的时候，你的脑海中想得最多的是什么？
鲍勃：主要是我7岁的侄子。我只是在想，“我该怎样引起他的注意呢？”然后我就把这些想法放到我的节目中去。这样节目才能有趣——我的意思是说，当
你在跟一个7岁的孩子说话的时候，你必须要表现得非常活跃和有趣来吸引
他的注意力。也就是说，那里面应该会有一些比较大胆的故事。想想美猴
王孙悟空的故事吧；那里面有些故事真的很夸张。我是指，想象孙悟空挑
战如来佛祖，或是闯进玉皇大帝的蟠桃园偷桃子的行为。那些故事很疯狂
——而我的侄子却很喜欢这些故事。当我写作和表演的时候我会把这些铭
记在心。
朱莉：非常感谢，鲍勃！我们现在休息一下，很快就会回来，欢迎观众朋友打电话提问题。
Unit 8 Environment
Exercises of Text A
I. Getting to the Point
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. C
IV. Vocabulary and Structure
A. Putting Words in Place
1. seek
2. Quality
3. acceptable
4. source
5. adopted
6. improved
7. worthy
8. check
9. standards 10. decrease
B. Finding the Right Expressions
1. making preparations for
2. right now
3. contributes to
4. seeking ways
5. as well as
6. top priority
7. in addition to
8. at least
C. Looking for Likeness
1. Measures are being taken to stop the fire.
2. The old houses are being pulled down to build a new cinema.
3. There are a lot of students reading this novel.
4. There are many people walking on the street.
5. The man earns his bread by writing.
6. The farmers protect the environment by planting more trees.
7. It is expected that the president will speak today.
8. It is thought that his father will come.
北京的空气污染
近几年来中国正在为举办2008年奥运会做准备，改善北京的空气污染问题已经成为当务之急。北京已举办了多次会议来讨论如何治理空气污染这一严重问题，每年至少有400,000人因此死亡。
导致如此严重的空气污染问题的有几个因素。当前最大的任务是减少煤烟排放。中国能源的75％来自煤炭。北京每年大约要燃烧2700万吨煤炭，而且这种情况已经持续了好多年。通过增加来自中国西部的天然气供应，政府正在逐步减少煤炭的使用量。另一个能源来源是三峡工程，近来该工程已经大大增加了全国的电产量，这让在全国范围内减少煤炭使用量成为可能。
随着中国经济的发展，汽车的拥有量剧增，尤其是在北京和全国其他的一些大城市。政府正在采取严格的措施来监控新旧汽车的质量，以确保这些汽车不会造成污染。驾驶质量低于现行标准车辆的人将被处以罚款。除了这些措施之外，中国还在努力通过种植更多的树木和草皮来减轻每年春季沙尘暴带来的影响。
让北京拥有明净湛蓝的天空是一个值得努力的目标，并不仅仅是因为北京要在奥运会期间给世界留下一个好印象，而更为重要的是，因为北京市1500万居民的健康都有赖于这一严重问题的解决。希望这些努力能够改善北京以及中国其他地区的空气质量。
Exercises of Text B
I. Getting to the Point
1. C
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. C
IV. Word Kaleidoscope
A. Putting Words in Place
1. makes good use of
2. first of all
3. beneficial
4. in large quantities
5. reuse
6. gave away
7. In addition
8. responsibility
9. products 10. amount
B. Picking the Right Words
1. gave away; gave out; gave away
2. In addition to; In addition; in addition to
V. Real World Writing
A. Translation Practice
1. It is our top priority to make good preparations for the 2008 Beijing Olympic
Games.
2. The businessman contributed to China’s financial development.
3. Protecting the environment is not only beneficial to us but will also be beneficial for
the generations to come.
4. Make good use of all the recyclable resources to reduce waste.
5. Where can I give away food and clothing?
B. Writing Skills
1. He failed to answer my question.
2.It is the last job for me to take.
3. It is too late for the bookstore to do business.
4. He is far from a good teacher.
5. The village has changed beyond recognition.
6. He is more an artist than a businessman.
C. Applied Writing
November 21, 2006
To Whom It May Concern:
This is a group e-mail sent out to the administration, staff and students of Walker Davis High School. For the safety of our faculty and students, on December 1 our school will be closed due to repairs that need to be made in the electrical system. Administrators, staff, and students are expected to return to school on December 3. Thank you for your understanding in this matter. We hope to quickly resolve the problem.
Sincerely,
Mark Owens
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你知道有一个很简单的方法可以帮我们减少大约50％的垃圾吗？这是一个需要好好考虑的重要问题，因为焚烧的垃圾越多，造成的污染也就越大。因此，减少垃圾是减少污染的关键。只要遵循这几条简单的指导方针——“节约、再利用和资源再生”，我们就能好好利用所拥有的资源并且减少垃圾排放量，减轻污染。
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第二，我们应该再次利用现有的物品。我们可以把不想要的东西送人而不是
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cap [k1p] 帽子 cards [ka:dz] 纸牌 cat [k1t] 猫 catch [k1t5] 捕捉 chair [t5A4] 椅子 chicken ['t5ikin] 鸡肉 clean [kli:n] 干净的 clean up 打扫干净 climb [klaim] 爬 clock [kl3k] 钟表 close [kl4uz] 关，关闭 cloudy [klaudi] 多云的 cold [k4uld] 冷 come [k8m] 来 computer [k4m'pju:t4]计算机 crayon ['krei4n] 蜡笔 cup [k8p] 杯子 cut [k8t]
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