三副航海英语习题讲解4

2017航海英语复习四

Key word 14: compass

Key word 14-1: magnetic compass （38）

C431. What is an advantage of the magnetic compass aboard vessels?

A. Compass error is negligible at or near the earth’s magnetic poles.

B. It does not have to be checked as often.

C. It is reliable due to its essential simplicity

D. All points on the compass rose are readily visible.

【知识点】磁罗经的优点

【解析】简单可靠

相关题目

D608、Despite the rising importance and great convenience of the gyrocompass , the magnetic compass still retains its importance because of its ____.

A. great convenience

B. finding true north

C. magnetic characteristics

D. simplicity and reliability

C563. Which one of the following is incorrect about magnetic compass?

A. The magnetic compass is compulsory on any vessel.

B. The magnetic compass is prone to error.

C. The magnetic compass is always placed inside steel constructions.

D. The magnetic compass needs to be calibrated to compensate for local magnetic distortion

【知识点】磁罗经

【解析】关于磁罗经的描述：强制配备、易于产生误差、需要校正

A421. The MOST important feature of the material used for making the binnacle of a standard magnetic compass is that it is ______.

A. nonmagnetic

B. weatherproof

C. corrosion resistant

D. capable of being permanently affixed to the vessel

【知识点】磁罗经的结构

【解析】罗经柜用料应是非磁性材料。

A400. As a Vessel changes course to starboard, the compass card in a magnetic compass___.

A. remains aligned with compass north

B. also turns to starboard

C. first turns to starboard then counterclockwise to port

D. turns counterclockwise to port

【知识点】磁罗经的使用

【解析】船舶向右改向，磁罗经的罗盘保持指北不变。

B417. The lubber’s line of a magnetic compass ______.

A. always shows true north direction

B. indicates the vessel’s heading

C. is always parallel to the vessel’s transom

D. is located on the compass card

【知识点】磁罗经的使用

【解析】船首刻度线

相关题目

B418. The lubber’s line on a magnetic compass indicates ______.

A. compass north

B. the direction of the vessel’s head

C. magnetic north

D. a relative bearing taken with an azimuth circle

C444. The heading of a vessel is indicated by what part of the compass?

A. card

B. Needle

C. Lubber’s line

D. Gimbals

C420. The magnetic compass operates on the principle that ______.

A. like magnetic poles attract

B. unlike magnetic poles repel

C. unlike poles attract

D. the poles of the compass line up with the geographic poles of the earth

【知识点】磁罗经的原理

【解析】异极相吸。

相关题目

A432. What is the basic principle of the magnetic compass？

A. Magnetic materials of the same polarity repel each other and those of opposite polarity attract

B. The Earths magnetic lines of force are parallel to the surface of the Earth

C. Magnetic meridians connect points of equal magnetic variation

D. The compass needle (s) will, when properly compensated, lie parallel to the isogonic lines of the Earth B428. Variation in a compass is caused by ______.

A. worn gears in the compass housing

B. magnetism from the e arth’s magnetic field

C. magnetism within the vessel

D. lack of oil in the compass bearings

【知识点】磁差的成因

【解析】磁差是由于地磁引起的。

相关题目

D429. Variation is a compass error that you ______.

A. can correct by adjusting the compass card

B. can correct by adjusting the compensating magnets

C. can correct by changing the vessel’s heading

D. cannot correct

D402. Magnetic compass variation ____.

A. varies depending upon the bearing used

B. is the angular difference between magnetic north and compass north

C. is published on the compass rose on most nautical charts

D. is the angular difference between geographic and magnetic meridians

【知识点】磁差的成因

【解析】磁北与真北的夹角。

相关题目

C430. Variation is the angular measurement between ____.

A. compass north and magnetic north

B. compass north and true north

C. magnetic meridian and the geographic meridian

D. your vessel’s heading and the magnetic meridian

B611、The angular difference between the true meridian (great circle connecting the geographic poles) and the magnetic meridian (direction of the lines of magnetic flux) is called ____.

A. deviation

B. variation

C. error

D. difference

B427. True heading differs from magnetic heading by ____.

A. deviation

B. variation

C. compass error

D. northerly error

【解析】MC=TC-Var

D404. Magnetic variation changes with a change in ____.

A. the vessel’s heading

B. sea conditions

C. seasons

D. the vessel’s position

【知识点】磁差的变化

【解析】磁差随地点而变化。

B200. The annual change in ___ is -0.2 degree east in this water area. 2580的1423

A. marine insurance

B. magnetic variation

C. maritime accident

D. mean high water

【知识点】磁差——年差

【解析】这个水域的磁差年差是-0.2度。

D53. Lines on a chart which connect points of equal magnetic variation are called ______.

A. magnetic latitudes

B. magnetic declinations

C. dip

D. isogonic lines

【知识点】磁差——等磁差曲线

【解析】海图上磁差相等的点的连线称为等磁差曲线。

相关题目

A54. Isogonic lines are lines on a chart indicating ______.

A. points of equal variation

B. points of zero variation

C. the magnetic latitude

D. magnetic dip

D74. Magnetic information on a chart may be ______.

A. found in the center(s) of the compass rose(s)

B. indicated by isogonic lines

C. found in a note on the chart

D. All of the above

【知识点】磁差——查取方法

【解析】海图上磁差的表示方式：

一般的航行图和港泊图——罗经花中；

远洋图和总图——等磁差曲线；

大比例尺港泊图——海图标题栏。

相关题目

C454. How is variation indicated on a small-scale nautical chart?

A. Magnetic compass table

B. Magnetic meridians

C. Isogonic lines

D. V ariation is not indicated on small-scale nautical charts. C77. The agonic line on an isomagnetic（等磁力的）chart indicates the ______.

A. magnetic equator

B. magnetic longitude reference line

C. points where there is no variation

D. points where there is no annual change in variation

【知识点】磁差——零磁差曲线

【解析】等磁差海图上零磁差线指的是没有磁差的点的连线。

B409. The error in a magnetic compass caused by the vessel’s magnetism is called ____.

A. variation

B. deviation

C. compass error

D. bearing error

【知识点】自差的成因

【解析】船磁引起的磁罗经误差是自差。

相关题目

C415. Deviation is caused by ______.

A. changes in the earth’s magnetic field

B. nearby magnetic land masses or mineral deposits

C. magnetic influence inherent to that particular vessel

D. the magnetic lines of force not coinciding with the lines of longitude

B397. Magnetic compass deviation _____.

A. varies depending upon the bearing used

B. is the angular difference between magnetic north and compass north

C. is published on the compass rose on most nautical charts

D. is the angular difference between geographic and magnetic meridians

【知识点】自差的成因

【解析】自差是磁北与罗北之间的夹角。

相关题目

B408. The difference between magnetic heading and compass heading is called ____.

A. variation

B. deviation

C. compass error

D. drift

B416. The difference between the magnetic meridian and compass meridian is called ____.

A. variation

B. deviation

C. general error

D. compass error

D450. Magnetic heading differs from compass heading by_____.

A. compass error

B. true heading

C. variation

D. deviation

D452. If the compass heading and magnetic-heading are the same then ______.

A. the deviation has been offset by the variation

B. there is something wrong with the compass

C. the compass is being influenced by nearby metals

D. there is no deviation on that heading

【知识点】自差

【解析】如果罗航向与磁航向相等，则说明自差为零。MC=CC+Dev

相关题目

A396. If the magnetic heading is greater than the compass heading, the deviation is ______.

A. east

B. west

C. north

D. south

C405.The compass deviation changes as the vessel changes ____.

A. geographical position

B. speed

C. heading

D. longitude

【知识点】自差的影响因素

【解析】自差随着航向的变化而不同。（船磁与船首向和地磁磁力线的相对位置有关）

相关题目

B423. The principal purpose of magnetic compass adjustment is to ______.

A. reduce the variation as much as possible

B. reduce the deviation as much as possible

C. reduce the magnetic dip as much as possible

D. allow the compass bowl to swing freely on its gimbals

【知识点】自差校正

【解析】磁罗经校正的主要目的是尽可能的消除自差。

相关题目

C447. The principal purpose of adjustment of the magnetic compass is to eliminate _____as far as possible.

A. variation

B. compass error

C. deviation

D. earth’s magnetic force

A407. The compass heading of a vessel differs from the true heading by ____.

A. compass error

B. variation

C. magnetic dip

D. deviation

【知识点】罗经差

【解析】罗航向与真航向之间相差罗经差。△C=Var+Dec

相关题目

C435. When changing from a compass course to a true course, you should apply______.

A. variation

B. deviation

C. variation and deviation

D. a correction for the direction of current set

C459. Compass error is equal to the ______.

A. deviation minus variation

B. variation plus compass course

C. combined variation and deviation

D. difference between true and magnetic heading

A453. If a magnetic compass is not affected by any magnetic field other than the Earth’s, which statement is TRUE?

A. Compass error and variation are equal.

B. Compass north will be true north.

C. Variation will equal deviation.

D. There will be no compass error.

Key word 11-2:gyrocompass （13）

B438. The directive force of a gyro compass ____.

A. increases with latitude, being maximum at the geographic poles

B. decreases with latitude, being maximum at the geographic equator

C. Is greatest when a vessel is near the Earth’s magnetic equator

D. remains the same at all latitudes

【知识点】陀螺罗经的指向力

【解析】指向力随纬度的升高而降低，在赤道附近最大。

B440. Before switching on gyrocompass, you should make sure that the power supply on board is ____. A.

high or low B. AC or DC C. strong or weak D. on or off

【知识点】陀螺罗经的操作

【解析】开机前先检查是交流电还是直流电。

B442. At the master gyrocompass, the compass card is attached to the ______.

A. spider element

B. sensitive element

C. link arm

D. pickup transformer

【知识点】电罗经的结构

【解析】电罗经的罗盘与灵敏元件相连。

B443. A compass card without north-seeking capability that is used for relative bearings is a(n)____.

A.bearing circle

B. pelorus

C. bearing bar

D. Alidade

【知识点】哑罗经

【解析】没有指北功能的罗盘称为哑罗经。

D411. The gyrocompass error resulting from your vessel’s movement in OTHER than an east-west direction is called ____.

A. Damping error

B. Ballistic deflection

C. Quadrantal error

D. Speed error

【知识点】陀螺罗经误差

【解析】由于船舶运动而产生、且除了东西方向上之外的误差，称为速度误差。

（速度误差在东西航向上为零）

B445. My gyrocompass error is ____

A. east two degrees

B. two degrees east

C. two east degrees

D. two degrees east

【知识点】陀螺罗经误差

【解析】2度东

相关题目

A451. If the gyrocompass error is east, what describes the error and the correction to be made to gyrocompass headings to obtain true headings?

A. The readings are too low (small numerically) and the amount of the error must be added to the

compass to obtain true

B. The readings are too low and the amount of the error must be subtracted from the compass to obtain

true

C. The readings are too high (large numerically) and the amount of the error must be the added to the

compass to obtain true

D. The readings are too high and the amount of the error must be subtracted from the compass to obtain

true

【知识点】陀螺罗经误差

【解析】陀螺罗经误差偏东是指读数偏小，应加上误差值才能获得真方位。

A449.The true course between two point is 078°. Your gyro-compass has an error of 2°E. You make an allowance of 3°leeway for a north wind. What gyro--course should be steered to make the true course good?

A. 073°per gyro-compass

B. 079°per gyro-compass

C. 075°per gyro-compass

D. 077°per gyro-compass

【知识点】陀螺罗经误差

【解析】TC=78-3=GC+2

C572. Which one of the following is correct regarding the use of gyrocompass?

A. Gyrocompass does not have to be started before sailing.

B. Gyrocompass must be stopped when vessel alongside a berth.

C. Gyrocompass needs to be checked from time to time.

D. Gyrocompass is not influenced by the latitude and ship’s motion.

【知识点】陀螺罗经的使用

【解析】需经常核对。

B436. Indications of the master gyrocompass are sent to remote repeaters by the ______.

A. follow-up system

B. transmitter

C. phantom element

D. azimuth motor

【知识点】分罗经

【解析】主罗经通过同步发送器将信号传送到分罗经。

相关题目

B455. Gyrocompass repeaters reproduce the indications of the master gyrocompass. They are __.

A. accurate only in the Polar regions

B. accurate electronic servomechanisms

C. hand operated

D. accurate only if the vessel is underway

C555. Before sailing, mariners on duty shall check the headings of magnetic compass by comparison with ______.

A. ship’s clock

B. engine movement recorder

C. repeaters

D. navigation lights

C446. ____ the repeater compass with the master compass, please.

A. Similize

B. Clock

C. Synchronize

D. Position

Key word 15:GMDSS （28）

D583. What does the abbreviation VHF stand for?

A: Vessel’s Hoisting Flag B: Very High Safety

C: Vessel’s Homing Frequency D: Very High Frequency

【知识点】VHF缩写

【解析】甚高频

相关题目

D512. Which one of the followings is not a right way to call an unknown vessel on VHF?

A. According to her characteristics

B. According to her cargo

C. According to her movement

D. According to her crewmembers

【知识点】VHF的使用

【解析】使用VHF呼叫未知名的船：可以根据船舶特征、货物、动态。

A582. All VHF marine band radios operate in the simplex mode，which means that______．A．only one person may talk at a time B．only two persons may talk at the same time

C．the radio only transmits D．the radio only receives

【知识点】VHF的使用

【解析】单工模式——同一时间只能一个人说话。

C43. The radiotelephone message that indicates a station is about to transmit a message concerning the safety of navigation or important meteorological warnings commences with _____.

A. TTT

B. the spoken word Pan

C. the spoken word securite

D. XXX

【知识点】无线电话——安全通信

【解析】securite重复三次

（发送安全信号，表示该电台即将播发重要的航行警告或气象报告的信息）相关题目

A508. You hear on the radiotelephone the word "Securite" spoken three times. This indicates that _____

A. a message about the safety of navigation will follow

B. a message of an urgent nature about the safety of a ship will follow

C. the sender is in distress and requests immediate assistance

D. you should secure your radiotelephone

B591、The safety signal used on the marine radiotelephone ①Consists of three repetitions of the word PAN transmitted before the call sign and name of the calling station. ②Indicates a message concerning the safety of navigation or meteorological warnings .

A. ①only

B. ②only

C. Both ①and ②

D. Neither ①nor ②

B505. Your vessel has been damaged and is taking on water, but you not require immediate assistance. You would preface a message advising other vessel of your situation with

A .Mayday-Mayday-Mayday

B .Pan-Pan(3 times)

C. SECUURITE-SECURITE-SECURITE

D. SOS-SOS-SOS（电报中使用的遇险情况）

【知识点】无线电话——紧急通信

【解析】Pan-Pan 重复三次

（船舶发送紧急情况，如搁浅或机器严重故障），或船上人员患有急病有待抢救，或人员落水及海岸电台有紧急的台风警报、紧急的航行警告）

相同题目

B593、In radiotelephone communications , the prefix PAN-PAN indicates that ____.

A. a ship is threatened by grave and imminent danger and requests immediate assistance

B. a calling station has an urgent message about the safety of a person

C. the message following the prefix will be about the safety of navigation

D. the message following is a meteorological warning

D597. PAN-PAN repeated three times over the radiotelephone indicates which type of message will follow?

A. Distress

B. Safety

C. All clear

D. Urgency

B2288. PAN PAN is to be used to announce______．

A．a distress message B．an urgency message C．a safety message D．a massage of SMCP D513. If there were suddenly an immediate danger for both the vessel and its crew, would you send a MAYDAY on________?

A .CH06 with dual watch B. CH06 with 25 watts output

C. CH16 with 1 watt output

D. CH16 with 25 watts output

【知识点】无线电话——遇险通信

【解析】VHF16频道（156.8Mhz），为避免相互干扰，船台一般限制发射功率为25瓦。

相关题目

A514. In the unlikely event that a distress situation allows you to send only a very short message, after

A. Your name and call sign

B. Your position

C. The number of persons onboard

D. The nature of the distress situation

A590、If you are transmitting a distress message by radiotelephone you should ____.

A. use English language

B. always use international code

C. preface it by the word SOS

D. follow the transmission with the radio alarm signal

D509. The following information may not be required to be communicated to a distressed craft?

A. own vessel’s identity, call sign, name and position

B. own vessel’s speed and ETA to distres sed craft

C. Distressed craft’s true bearing and distance from ship

D. Rescue award if successful

A2313. In the unlikely event that a distress situation allows you to send only a very short message, after MAYDAY would you first say______?

A.Your name and callsign

B.Your position

C.The number of persons on board

D.the nature of the distress situation

C599、The radiotelegraphy safety messages for condition indicating distress, urgency and safety respectively are ____.

A. SOS, ZZZ , XXX

B. SOS , UUU , SSS

C. SOS , XXX , TTT

D. SOS , TTT , UUU

【知识点】无线电报

【解析】注意看清题干，无线电报

相关题目

B2275. The radiotelegraph urgency signal___ indicates that the station calling has a very urgent message to transmit concerning the safety of a ship or aircraft, or of some person on board or within sight.

A、SOS

B、XXX

C、TTT

D、PANPAN

B574. Which action should you take after sending a false distress alert on VHF ?

A. Send a DSC cancellation message on Ch-70.

B. Make a voice announcement to cancel the alert on Ch-16.

C. Make a voice announcement to cancel the alert on Ch-13.

D. Make a voice announcement to cancel the alert on Ch-22A.

【知识点】无线电话——误报警

【解析】误发遇险信息，应在16频道上声明取消。

D594. If your bridge-to-bridge radiotelephone ceases to operate, you must_____.

A. immediately anchor your vessel and arrange for repairs to the system

B. moor your vessel at the nearest dock available and arrange for repairs to the system

C. arrange for the repair of the system to be completed within 48 hours

D. exercise due diligence to restore the system at the earliest practicable time

【知识点】无线电话通信

【解析】如果驾驶台与驾驶台之间的无线电话通信终止了，应竭尽全力尽可能快地恢复通信。

B 511. How to report your ship call sign to a shore station?

A .use capital letters B. use phonetic alphabet C .use letters and numbers D. use flag signals

【知识点】无线电话通信

【解析】船舶呼号应使用拼写字母。

北约音标字母（英语：NATO phonetic alphabet），正式称为国际无线电通话拼写字母（英语：International radiotelephony spelling alphabet），是最常使用的拼写字母。虽常称作“语音字母”（phonetic alphabets），但其字母拼法与语音系统（比如国际音标）并没有关连。因罗马字母之发音在各国念法常有差异（如字母Y在德文发音念为ypsilon），北约音标字母中的A到Z（共26个拉丁字母）和0到9（共10个印度阿拉伯数字）使用截头表音（如Alfa代表A、Bravo代表B，等等）。由此，无论透过无线电或电话收发语音讯息双方之母语是否相同，众多字母与数字组成的关键配搭也可较为准确地朗读及知悉，并确保传送之语音有一定的可理解性，这在保证航行或涉及人员安全的时候尤为重要。

C559. Where should the GMDSS radio log be kept on board ship?

A. In the Captain’s office

B. In the sea cabin

C. At the GMDSS operating position

D. Anywhere on board the vessel

【知识点】无线电日志

【解析】无线电日志应存放于设备操作位置处。

A571. The maritime radio system consisting of a series of coast stations transmitting coastal warning is called ______.

A. NA VTEX

B. HYDROLANT/HYDROPAC

C. NA V AREA

D. SAFESEA

【知识点】NA VTEX

【解析】由一系列海岸站台组成，发射沿海警告的无线电系统是NA VTEX。

NA VTEX （Navigational Telex）

HYDROLANT 大西洋航行警告；HYDROPAC 太平洋航行警告

NA V AREA 航行警告区域

相关题目

A. NA VTEX B .radio transmitter C. VHF D. wireless telephone

A580. The principal advantage of NA VTEX radio warning is that_____.

A: they can be used by mariners who do not know Morse code

B: only an ordinary FM radio is necessary to receive these warnings

C: information on a given topic is only broadcast at specified times

D: they cover a broad spectrum of the radio allowing reception on almost any type of receiver

C548. One of the two systems established by GMDSS for the transmission and automatic receipt of Maritime Safety Information is .

A. Initial Distress Alerts service

B. Navigational Warning service

C. INMARSAT Safety Net service

D. Meteorological Warning service

【知识点】海上安全信息系统

【解析】发布MSI信息通常使用两种方式：NAVTEX和SafetyNET（INMARSAT中的EGC安全网系统）

B587、The best way to test the INMARSAT-C terminal is to ____.

A. send a message to a shore terminal and wait for confirmation

B. compose and send a brief message to your own INMARSSAT-C terminal

C. send a message to another ship terminal and wait for confirmation

D. see if the send light flashes, then proper operation has been confirmed

【知识点】INMARSAT-C

【解析】最佳测试方式是向本机编制并发送简单信息。

D560. Which equipment is the primary source of generating a locating signal?

A. DSC only

B. DSC and EPIRB

C. SART and DSC

D. EPIRB and SART

【知识点】GMDSS寻位设备

【解析】能够发出寻位信号的设备是EPIRB和SART

相关题目

A567. Which statement concerning locating signals in the GMDSS is FALSE?

A. Locating signals are transmitted by survival craft VHF transceivers.

B. Locating signals are transmitted by SARTs.

C. Locating signals are intended to facilitate the finding of a distressed vessel or its survivors

D. Locating signals are not transmitted by autoalarm generators.

Key word 16: other navigational equipments （10）

B533. Our ship ______ with many modern navigational instruments．

A. equipped

B. is equipped

C. equips

D. has equipped

【知识点】固定搭配

【解析】be equipped/fitted with; be manned with

D480. A Doppler log in the bottom return mode indicates the ______.

A. velocity of the current

B. bottom characteristics

C. depth of the water

D. speed over the ground

【知识点】计程仪

【解析】多普勒计程仪对地模式显示对地速度。

相关题目

B482. A Doppler speed log indicates speed over ground ______.

A. at all times

B. in the bottom return mode

C. in the volume reverberation mode

D. only when there is no current

B481. A Doppler log in the volume reverberation mode indicates the ______.

A. speed being made good

B. speed through the water

C. the set of the current

D. the depth of the water

B478. An electronic depth finder operates on the principle that____.

A. radio signals reflect from a solid surface

B. sound waves travel at a constant speed through water

C. radar signals travel at a constant speed through water

D. pressure increases with depth

【知识点】测深仪

【解析】电子测深仪的基本原理是声波在水中以稳定的速度传播。

B576. All echo-sounders can measure the ______.

A. actual depth of water

B. actual depth of water below keel

C. average depth from waterline to hard bottom

D. average depth of water to soft bottom

【知识点】测深仪

【解析】回声测深仪测量的是龙骨下实际水深。

D483. What may affect the accuracy of sounding with echo sounder?

A. Sea bottom

B. Ship’s speed

C. Speed of current

D. Water temperature and density

【知识点】测深仪的精度

【解析】水的密度和温度会影响回声测深仪的精度。

实际上，本题并不严谨，以上均会影响测深仪的测量精度，D更大一些。

A484. What often happens when using echo sounder at a river estuary where a layer of fresh water lies on the top of denser salt water?

A.A scattering layer appears

B. Echo sounder stops working

C. shallow water appears

D. Nothing abnormal happens

【知识点】测深仪的精度

【解析】在高密度海水之上有一层淡水的河口使用回声测深仪时将发生什么？出现散射层。

B522.What does IBS stand for in navigational field?

A .Intellegent Bridge System

B .Integrated Bridge System

C .Information Base system

D .International Business School

【知识点】IBS

【解析】组合导航系统

C523. is defined as a combination of systems which are interconnected in order to allow centralized access to sensor information or command /control from workstations, with the aim of increasing safe and efficient ship’s management by suitably qualified personnel.

A .VDR

B .AIS C. IBS D. GPS

【知识点】IBS

【解析】一种组合系统，系统内各部分互相联系以便从各工作台到传感器的信息或指令、控制提供集中通道，其目的是通过适任的人员提高船舶管理的安全和效率。

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三副考试大纲

中华人民共和国海船船员适任考试大纲研讨会 “航海英语”工作组工作总结 2011年3月16日至20日，海船船员适任考试大纲研讨会在河南洛阳华洋乡村俱乐部进行。根据会议安排，航海学工作组对履约考试科目“航海英语”适任考试大纲进行了研讨和修订，现将工作进行总结。 1．“航海英语”研讨工作组成员 根据会议安排，航海英语研讨工作组是本次研讨会中成员最多的工作组，由以下人员组成： 涂兴华：上海海事大学（组长） 谢洁瑛：上海海事大学 罗卫华：大连海事大学 王建平：大连海事大学 於健：青岛远洋船员职业学院 江海学：集美大学 陈丽全：福建航运学院 柯道煌上海远洋海事培训中心 章涵：上海海事职业技术学院 张红：南通航运职业技术学院 李恩亮：江苏海事职业技术学院 肖奕珊：广州航海专科学校 欧阳江萍：广东海事局 2. 研讨依据 STCW公约马尼拉修正案； 海船船员适任考试大纲修订总原则； 与会人员的海上实践、教学、培训、考试与评估经验； 大纲征求意见；

04版考试大纲。 3. 修订原则 鉴于我国船员英语水平的现状，以及我国从船员大国向船员强国战略发展的总目标，确定了新大纲的修订原则： 1）全面覆盖其他考试科目的核心内容； 2）充分吸收各方意见； 3）切实考虑中国航海实际，适当降低二、三副的考试难度，提高管理级船员的英语运用能力； 4）突出“航海英语”作为一门工具语言而非航海专业，只要求各职务考生能够运用这门工具解决工作中的问题； 5）根据职务要求，对不同适用对象的考核侧重点如下： （1）二、三副：侧重对英版航海图书资料和航海仪器使用说明书的查阅，对国际公约的概要了解等英语阅读能力，以及如航海日志、演习记录等基本写作能力。 （2）大副：侧重有关船舶结构和货运知识的英语阅读能力，职责范围内的业务电函的写作能力。 （3）船长：侧重对国际公约、航运法规和航运业务的英语运用能力，以及对外业务的写作能力。 4. 研讨过程 首先由专家们各抒己见，发表对“航海英语”的理解和定位，气氛相当热烈，最后达成共识：“航海英语”只是一门工具语言，不必考核深奥的专业知识，而是让学生掌握一定的英语专业词汇，知道如何使用英语查阅相关专业书籍，熟悉英版专业书籍的语言特点，并具备各职务必须的业务电函等写作能力。 然后，基于对之前的大纲修订稿的章节顺序进行大幅度调整，使各章节的内容与新大纲其他科目的内容相一致。在充分考虑征求意见稿的同时，对各章节逐条研讨，确定取舍或优化。删除对专业要求过高的内容，增加公约新要求的内容，特别细化了国际公约和规则部分。 最后根据不同适用对象的实际工作需要，明确各自需要掌握的部分，并尽可能避免重复。 5. 内容修改、调整说明: