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自考英语二复习资料精华.

2013年英语二复习试题

UNIT 1-1

UNIT 1

一、word study

objective accompany argue define

①objective

a.⑴客观的，真实的。⑵如实的，无偏见的。

We have to accept the objective reality as it is.

我们必须接受客观事实。

The literary critics should be as objective as possible in analysis and judgement.

文学批评家在分析和评价时应尽量不偏不倚。

n.目标，目的。

People work hard to carry out the economic objectives of the Ninth Five-Year Plan.

人们为了实现第九个五年规划的经济目标而努力工作。

My objective for the present is to pass the oral exam.

我目前的目标是通过口试。

②accompany

vt./vi.1、伴随，陪同；2、为。。。伴奏

The singer was accompanied on the piano by his pupil.

演唱者由他的学生担任钢琴伴奏。

The lonely old man is accompanied by his dog.

这位孤独的老人让他的狗作伴。

All orders must be accompanied with cash.

所有的订货单必须随附现金。

③argue

vt./vi.争辩，争论，辩论

作不及物动词用时，后边可以接with,about或over，for（赞成）或against（反对）。

She is always ready to argue over the smallest issues.

她总喜欢为极小的问题进行争论。

He often argues philosophy with James.

他常和詹姆斯讨论哲学。

He argued for immediate action.

他主张立即行动。

They argued against such a policy.

他们反对这种政策。

vt.1、说服；2、用辩论说服

argue into（out of）doing sth.. 说服某人做（不做）某事。

I argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.

我说服他不做这样危险的旅行。

He argued that man was descended from apes.

他论证人类的祖先是猿。

④define

vt.1、解释，给。。。下定义；2、限定，规定。

Work is defined as the product of a force and the distance through which its point of

application moves in the direction of the force.

功的定义是力和力的着力点沿力的方向移动的距离的乘积。

He has defined his position on the issues.

他已表明自己在这些问题上的立场。

UNIT 1-2

二、常考句型

1、决策是在现有的可选做法中所做的选择。P1

A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.

2、管理者经常必须对未来的情况下做出最佳的猜测，尽量不存侥幸。P2

Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave

as little as possible to chance.

3、如果没有选择，就无决策可言。P3

If there is no choice, there is no decision to be made.

4、对于管理者而言，每次决策都受到政策、程序、法律、惯例等待因素的制约。P3

For managers, every decision has constraints based on policies, procedures, laws,

precedents, and the like.

5、例如，管理者有时以非此即彼的方式来处理问题。P4

For example, managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion.

6、决策者们必须有办法决定数个可选项中的哪一个是最好的---哪一个对组织目标的实现起作用

最大。P6

Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is

best—that is, which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals.

7、就更大的系统来说，增加研究经费以便改进产品，对该组织更有益。P6

In the larger scheme of things, however, increased funding for research to improve

the products might be more beneficial to the organization.

8、有些目标比另一些目标更重要，但其排序和重要性则因人和部门而异。P7

Some of these objectives are more important than others, but the order and degree

of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department .

三、习题

1.单词英译汉

goal, objective, accomplish, predict, accompany, implement, tendency, achievement, argue, budget, define, entity,

2.词组英译汉

in the way, in part, point of view, contribute to, to apply for, in hand, to turn down

3.句子英译汉

与常考句型相同。

4.Text A 汉译英

决策者应该能够对将来作出最好的推测。

Decision makers should be able to make a best guess at what the future will be.

有人认为经理们所作的一切均与决策有关。

Some people believe almost everything a manager does involves decision.

没有正确的选择就没有正确的决定。

If there is no proper choice, there is no proper decision.

不同的人对同样的问题有不同的看法，所以解决的办法也不同。

Different people have different ideas about the same problem; their solutions to the

problem are, therefore, also different.

决策者往往是公司业务发展的关键。

Decision makers often play the key role in the development of the business of a

company.

Decision makers are usually key people who determine the company's business development.

UNIT 1-3

四、历年试题

1. Almost everything a manager does _______ (involve) decisions, indeed, some

suggest that the management process is decision making . (99.4)。

答案是involves . 考点: involve 为谓语动词，应该用一般现在时。

2.If there is no choice, there is no decision _______(make). (99.4)

答案是to be made 。考点：to be made 是动词不定式作定语修饰decision.

3. If you are now_____your thirties, you can expect to live nearly one third of the

rest of your life after the age of 60. (99.4)

A. in

B. at

C. between

D. among

答案是 A.

4. Almost everything a manager does_____decisions; indeed, some suggest that

the management process is decision making. (00.4)

A. imposes

B. improvise

C. involves

D. indicates

答案为 C .

5. When______(present) with a common case, sales managers tend to see sales

problems and production managers see production problems.

答案为presented . 考点：present 是过去分词作状语。

6. An organization is a group of people, and a decision_____(make) today may have

consequences far into the future.

答案是made . 考点：make 是过去分词作定语，修饰decision .

7. 汉译英：通常管理者必须对未来的情况作出最佳的预测。

答案：Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be.

1. 决策的目的是为了实现组织的目标。

答：The purpose of making a decision is to achieve organizational goals.

2. 决策过程对经营管理至关重要。

答：The decision-making process is fundamental to business management.

3. 经理所做的任何事情几乎都与决策有关。

答：Almost everything a manager does involves decision-making.

4. 虽然我们不能预见未来，但应当尽量减少偶然性发生。

答：Although we cannot predict the future, we must try t leave as little as possible

to chance.

5. 不同的管理者对同一问题的解释不同。

答：Different manager define the same problem in different terms.

UNIT 2-1

一、word study

exert,collapse,lauch,operate

①exert

vt.尽（力）；发挥（威力等）；施加（压力等）；产生（影响等）；行使（职权等）He has exerted all his strength to attain his goal.

他已尽了全力以达到自己的目标。

He has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my mind.

他一直在施加种种压力要我改变主意。

These principles exerted great influence upon the course of the revolution.

这些原则对革命进程产生了很大的影响。

②collapse

n.1、倒塌，崩溃，瓦解；2、（健康等）垮掉，（因精疲力竭等原因）倒下

The storm caused the collapse of the wooden shelter.

暴风雨使这个避风雨的木棚倒塌了。

He suffered from a nervous collapse.

他的精神崩溃了。

The collapse of the government left the country in confusion.

政府的倒台使全国陷入混乱之中。

vi.倒塌，崩溃

The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.

屋顶被雪压塌了。

The negotiations collapsed after several meetings.

会谈了几次之后，谈判破裂了。

In the last weeks of the war she collapsed from long imprisonment.

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第一章绪论the structure of English sentence 1.0 introduction -- The grammar unites hierarchy Higher 1.2 Words 1.2.1 Words Class

1.2.2 word formation 构词法 a. Affixation 词缀法List具体见书9-10页英语分前缀后缀和中缀，前缀加在词根之前，改变词义不改变词类。后缀加在词根之后，改变词类不改变 b. Composition 复合法两个或者两个以上的独立词构成一个复合词。 E.g.: manservant, snowfall, deadline, spotlight, world-famous, before-tax, whenever, whereas… c. Convention 转化法某个单词未经添加此罪就由一个词类转化为另一个词类。 Verbs to nouns: love, answer, doubt. Adj. to verbs: daily(=daily newspaper), final(=final exam) d. Blending 拼缀法把两个词经行裁剪，掐头去尾，然后把这两个不完整的部分拼成一个词，在某些情况下只裁剪两个词中的一个词，把一个不完整的词和一个完整的词拼成另一个词。 P+P Motel (Motor + Hotel) Smog (Smoke + Fog) Brunch (Breakfast + Lunch) W+P newscast (News + Broadcast) Workfare (Work + Welfare) P+W Medicaid (Medical + Aid) Medicare (Medical + Care) e. Back-formation 逆生法英语中有很多-or,-er结尾的名词是由动词派生而来，但也不乏通过去掉这些名词词尾派生出来的动词。 e.g. Housekeep –Housekeeper Babysit – Babysitter

自考“基础英语”复习资料讲课讲稿

一、名词和短语的英汉互译： 1.Quota―配额、定量 maintenance―维持、保持 tariff barriers―关税壁垒 invalid contract―无效合同 monopolistic competition―垄断性竞争 depreciation=devaluation―贬值 inventory―存货清单 cost effectiveness―成本效益 direct/indirect tax―直接/间接税 the req uired reserve―法定最低储备金 economics of scale―规模经济 packaging material―包装材料 inferior product―残次品 manufactured goods―产成品 survey report―调查报告 consumer goods―消费品 export/import quota―出口/进口配额 claim―索赔 technical expertise－技术知识 compensation trade－补偿贸易 raw material－原材料 traffic jam－交通阻塞

subsidiary company－分公司 multilateral trade－多边贸易 service trade－服务贸易 trade gap－贸易差额 assembly line－生产线 planned/market economy－计划/市场经济Universal Product Code－产品统一条形码visible/invisible trade－有形/无形贸易insurance policy－保险单 excess reserves－额外储备金 free port－自由港 public interest－公共利益 comparative advantage－比较优势 trail order－试订单 foreign-trade zones－外贸保税区 sole agent－独家代理 registered trade mark－注册商标geographic area－地理位置standardized container－标准集装箱delivery rate－运费 target market－目标市场 fraud－欺诈 annal revence/annual gain－年收入

2014年全国自考英语语法试题

全国2014年4月自学考试英语语法试题课程代码：00831 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。选择题部分注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。 2．每小题选出答案后，用2 B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Choose the best answer from the choices given and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. How many ______ are there in the word “monotonous”? A. o B. oes C. o’s D. os 2. Do you think there’s any possibility of arriving at the gym by ______ bus and sti ll having the time to play ______ basketball together? A./; / B. a; the C. the; / D./; the 3. Today, Mary learned in ______ school how to behave well at ______ table. A. the; / B./; / C. the; the D./; the 4. Listen, Diana. I don’t care if you ______ the bus this morning. But you ______ late for too many times. You’re fired. A. have missed; came B. would miss; have come C. missed; have come D. are missing; came 5. It so happened that Mary’s car ______when Jack went to borrow it. A. repaired B. was being repaired C. was repaired D. had repaired 6. The president thought it essential that the university ______ general education as a foundation for students’ future development. A. stresses B. stress C. stressed D. would stress 7. ______ it not for water, this world would be a lifeless place. A. Were B. If C. Was D. Had 8. You ______ driven 70 miles an hour. Now tell me what we shall do with this speeding ticket? A. needn’t have B. couldn’t have C. mustn’t have D. shouldn’t have 9. He admitted ______ in love with the girl, but felt too shy to even meet her. A. to fall B. fell C. falling D. fallen 10. Did you see a middle-aged man with a scar on his face ______ the street just now? A. crossed B. cross C. crossing D. has crossed