宝典初中英语语法总复习题

宝典初中英语语法总复习题

初中英语语法总复习

初中英语语法总复习(最后一关)

第一章:名词

1.Mum. I’m thirsty. Will you please give me some_________?

A.pencils

B.cake

C.water

D.books

2.Ann didn’t want to miss the_________of seeing her favorite singer in the concert,

so she bought her ticket early. A.bus B.chance C.music D.meeting

3.Are ther any_____________or_____________in the bag?

A.tomatos; photos

B.tomatoes; photoes

C.tomatoes; photos

D.tomatos; photoes

4.---Forests are very important to us, aren’t they?

---Yes. If we have more forests, they will help to keep_________from running away.

A.water

B.leaves

C.trees

D.grass

5.There are about twenty___________in the room. They are having a party there.

A.people

B.sheep

C.worker

D.mens

6.Liu Xiang, in his twenties, was once an Olympic winner in

the___________hurdles (跨栏).

A.110-metre

B.110-metres

C.110 metre

D.110 metres

7.John is so kind that he often gives me a_________when I’m in trouble.

A.reply

B.seat

C.hand

D.reason

8.________is spoken the most widely in the world but___________has

the largest number of speakers.

A.Chines; English

B.English; Chinese

C.French; Russian

D.Russian; German

9.Jack bought a_________in a shoe shop yesterday.

A.pair of shoes

B.pairs of shoes

C.pair of two shoes

D.pair of shoe

10.Bob is looking at the________to find where Beihai Park is.

A.picture

B.map

C.card

D.blackboard

11.There are few___________in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some peas, carrots and cabbages.

A.meat

B.fruit

C.vegetables

D.bread

12.---Why are you walking to school? ----Because my______is broken.

A.radio

B.watch

C.bike

D.bag

13.A child asks all kinds of________-while he is growing up.

A.troubles

B.matters

C.problems

D.questions

14.I have three pen friends. One is___________, the other two

are________.

A.Japanese; America

B.Russian; Germany

C.Canada; Australia

D.English; Frenchmen

15.Tom and Linda are_________from Australia. A.students B.girls

C.boys

D.sisters

16.March 8 is___________Day. A.Woman B.Womans’ C.Women D.Women’s

17.A___________is used for keeping warm. A.stamp B.jacket C.key

D.clock

18.The boy hurt one of his__________in the accident yesterday, so he couldn’t walk to school this morning. A.teeth B.feet C.hands D.ears

19.What’s wrong with my son’s___________? He can’t see things clearly. A.eyes B.ears

C.mouth

D.nose

20.Some_________are flying kites near the river. A.child B.boy

C.boys

D.childs

21.You may go to the_________if you want to watch Beijing Opera.

A.library

B.supermarket

C.theatre

D.bookshop

22.Look! The________are watering flowers. A.man B.woman C.boy

D.children

23.Mr White is a businessman. He works in a_________. A.hospital

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/726049442.html,pany

C.school

D.farm

24.---Where are you going? ----I’m going to the _______to fly a kite. A.shop B.library C.park D.post office

25.---I’ve got an “A” in the exam.---That’s a good_________.You will surely win a second.

A.news

B.idea

C.start

D.message

26.This is Elizabeth Tina Brown, our new teacher. You may call

her___________.

A.Mr Brown

B.Miss Brown

C.Mrs Tina

D.Ms Elizabeth

27.These are__________________bikes.

A.Jim and Sam’s

B.Jim’s and Sam

C.Jim and Sam

D.Jim’s and Sam’s

28.Twelve_____________were hurt, but no ____________were lost in the accident.

A.person; life

B.people; lives

C.peoples; lives

D.persons; life

29.When I asked what had happened, he didn’t say a___________.

A.word

B.letter

C.message

D.sound

30.----Whose dictionaries are these? ----They are the__________.

A.twins’

B.twin

C.twins

D.twin’

31.The teacher said we needed to choose three_____________for the school concert.

A.farmers

B.doctors

C.drivers

D.singers

32. Will you make________________with Tom? A.a friend B.friend C.the friend D.friends

33.Henry runs fast. He won the________800-metre race yesterday.

A.boys’

B.boys

C.boy

D.boy’s

34.Hurry up! There’s little_______________left. A.time B.days

C.dollars

D.glasses

35.Do you know my uncle is________?

A.a worker and writer

B.a worker and a writer

C.worker and writer

D.worker and a writer

36.The old teacher is a friend__________.

A.my brother’s

B.my brother

C.of my brother’s

D.of a

brother’s

37.Beth has a beautiful_________. Listen! She is singing very well.

A.voice

B.look

C.sound

D.smell

38.My school is about twenty__________walk from here. A.minute

B.mintues’

C.minute’s

D.minutes

39.----Jack, would you like something to eat? ----Yes. I’d like some___________.

A.bread

B.juice

C.orange

D.noodle

40.Mrs Jenny gave us___________on how to learn English well.

A.some advices

B.many advices

C.some advice

D.an advice

41.The whole trip cost____________about three thousand dollars.

A.the Smith

B.the Smiths

C.Smiths

D.the Smith’s

42.Tom’s handwriting is better than any other______________in his class.

A.students

B.student

C.student’s

D.students’

43.There are many new books in the library. They

are____________books.

A.child

B.childrens’

C.children

D.children’s

44.---Does Lucy like Chinese_________? ----Yes, she does. A.food

B.foods

C.any food

D.some food

45.When we saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say my seat was between________.

A.Ten and Ben

B.Ted’s and Ben

C.Ted and Ben’s

D.Ted’s and Ben’s

46.There is not enough___________in the corner for the fridge.

A.place

B.room

C.field

D.ground

47.You can find the following INSTRUCTIONS on___________. KEEP IN A COLD PLACE

A.food

B.money

C.clothes

D.books

49.We often watch____________news at 7:00 in the evening. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/726049442.html,AC

B.MTV

C.BBC

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/726049442.html,TV

50.They have searched the____________for 3 hours for the information about the Canon cameras.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/726049442.html,

B.radio

C.Internet

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/726049442.html,puter

51.Mrs Green is _______mother. A.Mary and Kate B.Mary’s and Kate’s

C.Mary’s

and Kate D.Mary and Kate’s

52.----Where’s Mary? ---He’s left a_________ saying that he has something important to do.

A.excuse

B.message

C.exercise

D.news

53.The_________of an air ticket from Dalian to Guangzhuo is about 1,800 yuan.

A.price

B.money

C.pay

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/726049442.html,e

54.---Could you read the English_________on the medicine bottle for me? ----OK. Let me try.

A.instructions

B.documents

C.pictures

D.meanings

55.What can I do for you, sir? ----I’d like two_________.

A.bottle of milk

B.bottles of milks

C.bottles of milk

D.bottle of milks

56.My mother bought ________for me yesterday. A.a pair of glasses

B.a pair of glass

C.a glasses

D.a glass

57.Mother is the busiest in my________. She always has a lot of housework to do.

A.home

B.house

C.room

D.family

58.---It’s dangerous here. We’d better g o out quickly. ----But I think we should let________go out first.

A.woman and children

B.women and child

C.woman and child

D.women and children

59.The guide has___________, she will show them to us.

A.some old paper

B.some special food

C.a new jacket

D.some beautiful pictures

60.Miss Smith is a friend of__________.

A.Mary’s mother’s

B.Mary’s mother

C.mother’s of Mary

D.Mary

mother’s

61.There is only one ____________doctor and several

___________nurses in this hospital.

A.man; woman

B.man; women

C.men; woman

D.men; women

62.I hear we will have a________________holiday in__________.

A.two day’s; two day’s time

B.two-day; two day’s time

C.two-day; two days’

time D.two days; two-day time

63.----Are there any________on the farm? ----Yes, there are some.

A.horse

B.sheep

C.duck

D.chicken

64.----What would you like to drink, girls? ----_________, please.

A.Two cup of coffee

B.Two cups of coffee

C.Two cups of coffees

D.Two cup of coffees

65.Today is September 10th. It’s_________Day while ___________Day is on the second

Sunday of May. A.Teachers; Mothers B.Teachers’; Mothers’

C.Teachers’;

Mother’s D.Teacher’s; Mothers’

66.This is ____________ bedroom. They like it very much.

A.Jane’s and her sister

B.Jane and her sister’s

C.Jane’s and her sister’s

D.Jane and her sister

67.They have much coloured__________.Let’s go and ask for some.

A.rulers

B.paper

C.erasers

D.sharpeners

68.My mother bought some________for my birthday party yesterday.

A.apple

B.banana

C.orange

D.meat

69.Heilongjiang is in the____________of China. A.northeast

B.northeastern

C.northwest

D.northwestern

**70. ______ the end of the street you’ll find the bookstore.

A. To

B. By

C. At

D. In

71. John is quite clever ________ painting. A. by B. at C. to D. with

72. I’m going to bed ______ midnight. A. in B. at C. on D. by

73. His parents died when he was ________ the age of three. A. in B. at C. by D. on

74. The child threw a stone _______ the dog.

A. at

B. for

C. on

D. onto

75.China was _______ war _______ Japan at the time.

A. on; with

B. at; with

C. on; against

D. in; against 76.The car is running _______ 50 miles an hour.

A. in

B. with

C. by

D. at

77. The old man was disappointed ________ her refusal.

A. at

B. with

C. by

D. to

78. The Germans drove forward ______ a speed of 50 km an hour and they broke through th

e English

defence lines _______ great speed.

A. at; with

B. with; by

C. by; at

D. at; by

79. She came here ______ Charlie’s car, not ________ sea.

A. by; by

B. in; on

C. in; by

D. in; at

80. You should write _______ pencil, that is, _______ a pencil. A. in; with B. with; with C. in; in D. with; in

81. Can you do the experiment _______ another day.

A. by

B. in

C. on

D. with

第二章:冠词与数词

1.________earth we live on is bigger than __________moon. A.The; a

B.The; the

C.An; a

D.An; the

2.There’s__________ “h” in the word “hair” and__________ “h”

is the first letter of the

word.

A.a; the

B.a; an

C.an; the

D.a; a

3.We can see the sun in __________ daytime, but we can’t see it at ________night.

A.a; the

B.the; /

C.a; /

D.an; /

4.I am reading___________novel, _______is ________interesting story.

A.a; that; an

B.the; which; the

C.a; which; an

D.the; which; the

5.My uncle is_______old man, and he likes playing________chess.

A.a;a

B.an;an

C.the; the

D.an; /

6.---Are you_________Chinese or Japanese? ----Chinese. But I was

born in Japan.

A.an

B./

C.the

D.one

7.----It looks like rain. Why not take_________ umbrella with you? ----Thank you. But I don’t think it’s necessary.

A.a

B.an

C./

D.several

8.David has_________cat. It’s very nice. A.a B.an C.the D./

9.The boys and girls often play________football in_______afternoon.

A./; an

B.the; an

C./;the

D.a; the

10.He himself is very rich. However, he often says___________rich should help__________poor.

A.the; a

B.a; the

C.the; the

D./; /

11.Jim is now making____________kite. He’s going to fly__________ kite after lunch.

A.a; a

B.a; the

C.the; the

D.the; a

12.She is one of ___________most popular teachers in this school.

A.a

B.the

C./

D.much

13.Mr Black didn’t go to work yest erday because he was ill

in_______bed. A.a B.an C.the D./

14._____________Greens are on___________visit to a beautiful city in China.

A./; a

B.A; the

C.The; a

D.The; /

15.----I quite like songs sung by Zhou Jielun. ----Yeah, he is

really___________unusual singer, you know.

A.an

B.a

C.the

D./

16.I studied________English in_________England and I like

________English language very much.

A.the; the; the

B.an; an; an

C./; /; /

D./; /; the

17.They go to school by_________bus but sometimes there aren’t any seats on _________bus.

A.the; the

B.a; a

C./; /

D./; the

18.There is_____________8-metre-long bridge over the river. A.a B.an

C.the

D./

19.I have no classes on __________Sundays. A.a B.an C.the D./

20.My mother takes __________walk after supper every day. A.an B.the

C./

D.a

21.English is___________language. It is_________important tool. A.a;

a B.a; an C.the; an D.a; /

22.February is ________second month of the year. A.the B.a C.an D./

23.She has made __________decision that she will be

__________inventor some time.

A.a; the

B.a; an

C.the; an

D.the; the

24.They had_______good time in the party, which is__________success.

A.a; a

B./;/

C.a; /

D./; a

25._________Smiths were having breakfast at this time yesterday. A.

A B. The C./ D. An

26.----Hello,Li Ming, have you got_________e-mail address?---Oh, yes, I’ve got one. It’s

qzlm@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/726049442.html,.

A.an

B.a

C./

D.the

27.---What about __________story you read last night? ----It’s terrific, I think. A.a

B.an

C.the

D.one

28.---What’s on the screen? ----Is there________ ad for a new film?

A.a

B.an

C.the

D./

29.----What’s in _________glass on the table? ----Some milk, A.a

B.an

C.the

D./

30.She is ________good doctor that everyone wants to see her. A.such

a B.a such C.a very D.so a

31.September the _________is Teac hers’ Day. Let’s make some cards for our teachers.

A.ten

B.tenth

C.nine

D.ninth

32.----Which is the smallest number of the four? ----__________.

A.Two-thirds

B.A half

C.A quarter

D.Three-fourths

33.__________of the teachers in our school are women teachers.

A.Three quarter

B.Two thirds

C.Second three

D.Three four

34.Tim is ________________-boy. He can say a few words.

A.an one-year old

B.a one-year-old

C.an one-year old

D.a one-year old

35.---Tony, what’s ten plus six? ----It’s___________. A.twenty

B.fifty

C.ten

D.sixteen

36.I was born__________. A.in Oct 8, 1969 B.in 1969, Oct, 8 C.on Oct 8, 1969 D.on 1969, Oct 8

37.He cut the cake_________. A.in halves B.in half C.into halves

D.into half

38.---It’s 9:45. ----Yes, it’s__________.

A.fifteen from ten

B.a quarter to ten

C.fifteen past nine

D.a quarter past ten

39.You can see ___________if you go out at night.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/726049442.html,lion stars

B.thousand of stars

C.hundred stars

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/726049442.html,lions of stars

40.When Mr Liu was_________, he became a famous professor.

A.on his forties

B.in his forties

C.in the forty

D.in the forties

41.December is___________month of the year. A.twelve B.the twelfth

C.the twelve

D.twelfth

42.He was born__________.

A.in 984, October 27

B.in October 27, 1984

C.on 27, 1984 October

D.on October 27, 1984

43.Tomorrow we are going to learn__________.

A.Lesson Second

B.the Lesson Two

C.Lesson Two

D.second lesson

44.Mr Smith lives on __________floor. A.fiveth B.fifth C.the fiveth

D.the fifth

45.Each of us has to write a_________report every two weeks.

A.two-hundred-word

B.two-hundreds-word

C.two-hundreds-words

D.two-hundred-words

46.Eighty-nine plus_______is one hundred. A.zero B.nine C.eleven

D.fifteen

47.It took________men________years to build the Great Wall.

A.hundred; million

B.two millions of; hundreds of

C.two million; hundred

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/726049442.html,lions of; hundreds of

48.The boy has ___________stamps.

A.two hundreds and fifty-five

B.two hundreds fifty-five

C.two hundred and fifty-five

D.two hundred fifty-five

49.The film star is going to spend ____________dollars on a new dress for the coming party.

A.three thousands

B.thousands of

C.thousand of

D.three thousands of

50.----Do you often read China Daily for__________before supper.

A.half an hour

B.half a hour

C.half hour

D.an hour half

51.They have got only one pencil. They need__________pencils.

A.more six

B.six more

C.six another

D.other six

52.----Can you write the number eighty-five thousand, six hundred and twenty-six? ----Yes, it is________.

A.856620

B.85626

C.58662

D.58626

53.----If a=3, b=4, what’s the answer to the problem, a+ 2ab + 1= ? The answer

is___________.

A.twenty-eight

B.twenty-eighth

C.thirteen

D.eighteenth

54.----What’s the time, Dad? ----Let me see. It’s__________.

A.June 1st

B.Saturday

C.seven o’clock

D.Children’s Day

55.Twenty percent of the students ________from the south while 80 % of the rich land _______in the north.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/726049442.html,e; is

B.is; is

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/726049442.html,es; is

D.are; are

56.About____________of the books in our school are written in Chinese.

A.four-fifty

B.four-fifths

C.fourth-fifths

D.fourths-fifth

57.Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a________one.

A.three

B.third

C.forth

D.fourth

58.They have learned English for__________.

A.two years and a half

B.two and a half years

C.two half years

D.both A and B

59.Next Sun day is my brother’s ___________birthday. A.twenty

B.twentieth

C.twentith

D.the twentieth

60.Nobody thought it easy to finish so much work in_______________.

A.two days’ time

B.two-days-time

C.two day’s time

D.two days time

61.He stepped into the office,_________down and began to fill in the forms.

A.sitting

B.to sit

C.sat

D.having it

62.She said she would telephone but we __________from her so far.

A.haven’t heard

B.didn’t hear

C.hadn’t heard

D.won’t hear

63.When I got to the cinema,the film____________for ten minutes.

A.has begun

B.had begun

C.had been on

D.was

64.I’ll go with you as soon as I__________my homework. A.will

finish B.finish

C.am finishing

D.finished

65.If it__________tomorrow,I won’t go to the cinema. A.will rain

B.rains

C.is

raining D.rained

66.----Have you got some water to drink? ----Here you are.

There________ still some in the bottle.

A. are

B. were

C. is

D. was

67. ________ there many American friends in the school last Friday?

A. Is

B. Was

C. Are

D. Were 68. There ________ great many accidents last year. A. were a B. are a C. is a D. was

69. In 1850, about a third of U. S. A_____________covered by forests.

A. were

B. has been

C. /

D. was

70.Most of our earth___________ covered by water. A. are B. is C.

was D. were

71. Neither_____________right. A. answers are B. answers aren't C. answer is D. answer isn't

72.The population of the world __________ still ___________ now.

A. has; grown

B. will; grow

C. is; growing

D. is; grown

73. The police often____________the children across the street.

A. help

B. helps

C. helping

D. is helping

74.__________ going to England by air next week.

A. The Green family are

B. The Greens family are

C. The Green's

family are D. Green family are

75. The whole family __________ enjoying the beautiful music now.

A. is all

B. all is

C. all are

D. are all

76.Our class ___________ big. A. is B. are C. were D. will

77. Neither he nor I ___________ from Canada. We are from Australia.

A. is

B. are

C. am

D. be

78. Either you or he ____________ right. A. are B. is C. does D.

were

79. Neither Mary nor her brother____________ good at singing. A. is

B. are

C. is not

D. are not

80.Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary _________ busy. A. is B. was

C. are

D. has

81. Physics ___________ interesting to us. A. are B. has C. is D. were

82.The news___________ exciting. We got excited at it. A. is B. was

C. were

D. are

83. Though mathematics______________ hard, we all work at it hard. A. are B. were C. was D. is

84. Ms Wang didn’t mind at all ____________ to the ceremony.

A. being not invited

B. not being invited

C. not inviting

D. not to

be invited

第三章:代词

1.----Is this dictionary_________or__________? ----It’s mine.

A.your; hers

B.yours; her

C.your; her

D.yours; hers

2.Can I borrow________pencil? __________is broken.

A.you; My

B.your; Me

C.your; Mine

D.yours; My

3.---Wow! What a nice computer. ----My parents bought it for my sister and me. It’s_________.

A.ours

B.hers

C.mine

D.theirs

4.Mary, please show______________your picture. A.my B.mine C.I D.me

5.----Who taught you to play basketball? ----Nobody, I learnt it

by____________.

A.myself

B.me

C.mine

D.me

6.The weather in Guangzhou is hotter than__________in Beijing. A.it

B.that

C.one

D.those

7.This is my dog, that that is__________. A.he B.him C.his D.himself

8.Oh, there is someone in the room.________must be my brother.

A.There

B.She

C.This

D.It

9._______schoolbag is much better than________. A.Her; me B.Hers; my

C.Hers; mine

D.Her; mine

10.These are___________cups._________are over there.

A.our; Yours

B.yours; Mine

C.his; Our

D.their; Your

11.Listen to___________sister! A.she and her’s B.her and she C.she and her D.her

and her

12.----The watch is so nice! Is it for___________? A.his B.me C.my

D.hers

----Yes. Happy birthday, Mary! ----Thank you very much.

13.----She is too busy to help us finish the work. ----Let’s do

it_________.

A.herself

B.myself

C.ourselves

D.itself

14.Yesterday I saw_________enjoy___________in the park.

A.her; hers

B.they; them

C.she; herself

D.them; themselves

15.----Who’s________speaking? ----_______is John. A.this; This

B.that; That

C.this; That

D.that; This

16.Would you like___________to drink, Lily? I think you’re thirsty.

A.everything

B.anything

C.something

D.nothing

17.----Your tea, please. ----There must be________in the tea. It tastes good.

A.anything sweet

B.something sweet

C.sweet something

D.everything sweet

18.When we got to the city centre, _____________shops were still open, but most of them were closed.

A.the

B.some

C.many

D.any

19.---How many of these books have you read? ----___________of them. Every one.

A.Many

B.Some

C.All

D.None

20.So__________homework really makes the students feel tired. A.much

B.many

C.little

D.few

21.----Did your parents go to the film yesterday evening? ----No. We_________stayed at home watching TV.

A.both

B.all

C.either

D.none

22.We asked John and Henry some easy questions, but____________of them could answer them.

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我们正在上英语课。 3、现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。 They have lived in Beijing for five years. 他们在北京已经住了5年了。 4．一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; He used to smoke a lot. 他过去抽烟比较厉害。 5. 过去进行时 表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。 Beijing was hosting the 29th Olympic Games in August 2008. 在2008年8月，北京正在举行29届奥运会。 6. 过去完成时 表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用( before, after, by, up till ) They finished earlier than we had expected. 他们提前完成了（工作）。 7. 一般将来时 表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用。 I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天就要离开北京。 8、将来进行时 表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。 I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。 9、将来完成时 表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。 By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot. 到下个月底，他步行将达到1000英里。 英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。） 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。

初中英语语法全练 整理到一半

根据中文意思补全英语句子。 1. These new cars are ________________________(中国制造). 2 .To drink more water every day ________________________(对你有好处) you. 3. The picture is beautiful, Let me ________________________________(让我看看) it. 4.________________________(在他的帮助下), I’ve made great progress in English. 5 .He asks me if I ________________(有空). 6. Could you tell me ________________________(如何使用) this dictionary? 【答案与解析】 1. made in China。“在某地制造”要用be made in来表示。 2. is good for。“对……有好处”要用be good for来表示。 3. have a look at。“看一看”要用词组have a look at 来表示。 4. With his help。“在……帮助下”要用with one’s help来表示。 5. am free / have time。“有空”要用be free或have time 来表示。 6. how to use。“如何使用”要用how to use 来表示。 第一部分冠词 8.English is____language. It is____important tool. A.a, a B.a, an C.the, an D.a, × 9.____steel worker makes steel. A./ B.A C.This D.These 11._____comrades here are friendly to me. A.The B.A C.An D./

(强烈推荐)初中英语语法宝典

（强烈推荐）初中英语语法宝典 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I‘m Miss Green.(我 是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形 容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力) 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语) ☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同学汤姆在哪里？) 3、构词法：英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。 1、合成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。 2、派生法： (1)派生名词：①动词+er/or②动词+ing③动词+(t)ion④形容词+ness⑤其他,如：inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge (2)派生形容词：①名词+y②名词+ful③动词+ing/ed④friendly⑤dangerous⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English⑧French⑨German⑩国名+(i)an如：snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious (3)派生副词：①形容词+ly ②其它,如：slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible→possibly等 等。 3、转换法： (1)形容词→动词,如：dry(干燥的)→dry(弄干), clean(干净的)→clean(打扫,弄干净),等等。 (2)动词→名词,如：look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。