Unit 2跨文化交际课后题答案

Unit Two Culture Shock

Ⅰ.Fill in blanks

a. In a formal western meal, you?re offered a second helping but you have already had enough. You should say “______”. That was delicious but I?ve already had plenty, thanks.

b. Taboos are words, expressions, et

c. that are considered as being ______ or ______. unpleasant, disgusting

c. ______ is a culture that scores high on individualism. Individual culture

d. Social distance refers to the degree of ______ or ______ between two cultures. similarity, dissimilarity

e. Because of their ______, individualists give little thought to the ______ of others. But collectivists care very much what others in their groups think and do not like to be the targets of ______ and _______. independence, evaluations, scrutiny, criticism

Ⅱ. Key Terms

a. culture shock

b. collectivist culture

c. hospitality

d. politeness

e. privacy

Ⅲ. Short Answer

a. What are the five basic themes in individualist culture?

b. Why is there a lack of concern at public displays of physical or sexual intimacy?

c. What …s the difference on tendency for foreigners to treat strangers between Individualism and Collectivism Theories?

Ⅳ. Case study

(1) Analyze the case and try to find the misunderstanding between the girl and the westerner.

A westerner invited a Chinese girl to have lunch and take a tour around the British Parliament. In fact, the girl didn't have the lunch just because when the westerner asked her "Are you hungry?" The girl answered no. Then they didn't have lunch together.

(2) Can you find some differences in hospitality between a Chinese and English? What are the reasons?

An English guest: Each time a new dish arrived his parents would lean over and load my plate with tasty morsels. As they had taken all the trouble to cook it I just had to polish it off. As soon as my plate was empty they would put more on. Of course, I felt duty-bound to ear that too.

A Chinese guest: Can you imagine how many dishes I had? One one -- a stew with meat and vegetables. The meat was over done and too hard to eat; green vegetables were no longer green. They never put food on your plate but just ask you to help yourself. If you, as a guest, are shy or modest, waiting for the food to be put on your plate, you will remain half-starved.

Key to Unit Two

Ⅰ.Fill in blanks

a. That was delicious but I?ve already had plenty, thanks.

b. unpleasant, disgusting

c. Individual culture

d. similarity, dissimilarity

e. independence, evaluations, scrutiny, criticism

Ⅱ.Key Terms

a. culture shock: It is a psychological phenomenon that is experienced most often by those who, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, in the process of adjusting themselves to a new culture.

b. collectivist culture: It is a culture that places little value on individual identity and great value on group identity.

c. hospitality: It means cordial and generous reception of or disposition toward guests.

d. politeness: It refers to consideration for others, tact, and observance of accepted social usag

e.

e. privacy: It could be understood as the right of an individual to self-determination as to the degree to which the individual is willing to share with others information about himself that may be compromised by unauthorized exchange of such information among other individuals or organizations.

Ⅲ.Short Answer

a. 1) There is a tendency for foreigners to treat strangers as equals, seen in the politeness with which foreigners treat out-group members and their willingness to follow public rules and laws that guarantee the rights of all. 2 ) There is a desire for independence and separateness, found in foreigners' needs for their own privacy and autonomy and in the freedom they give to children. 3) There is a lack of inhibition on the part of foreigners in terms of expressive behaviors, seen in their lack of concern about drawing attention to themselves and their willingness to disclose feelings and emotions. 4) There is a lack of understanding if the reciprocal bonds and duties that regulate in-group members, found in foreigners' casual attitudes towards hospitality. 5) There is a lack of concern at public displays of physical or sexual intimacy.

b. The reason might be that even the freedom with which foreigners express love and sexual desire can be seen as a valorization of the individual's pursuit of personal pleasure and happiness. That this is offensive to

collectivists is not surprising, as intense dyadic fusion is a kind of personal involvement that draws loyalty on attention from the group and focuses it on individual needs.

c. Individualists tend to believe in equality; their communication norms stress equal treatment of subordinate and superior, friend and stranger. In contrast, collectivists? communication norms often stress deference; a clear demarcation is made between one?s treatment of those above and below one in the social hierarchy. Clearly, to a collectivist, the way individualists treat strangers will seem unusual and unnecessarily polite.

Ⅳ.Case study

a. The mistake is that the westerner used his question as an invitation. The girl understood it only as a question. According to the Chinese tradition, the man should have invited her to lunch since their appointment was to have lunch first.

b. Yes. The Chinese student felt disappointed at British hospitality because she used the Chinese way of showing hospitality to judge the British one. In the story taking place in China, the westerner couldn't imagine that there should be sixteen dishes prepared for her. When she ate from the eight cold dishes, she couldn't eat anymore. It is because a Western meal normally severs one main course plus a starter and sweets or desserts. The fact is that different people in the world show their different hospitality in different ways.

跨文化交际习题

跨文化交际习题

跨文化交际习题 1. 单选题：（1.0分） 在日本，喝汤时发出很大吮吸的声音会被认为是______。 A. 粗鲁而讨厌的 B. 你喜欢这种汤的表现 C. 在家里不要紧，在公共场合则不妥 D. 只有外国人才这么做 解答： B 参考答案： B 2. 单选题：（1.0分）

在日本，自动售货机里出售除下列哪一种饮料以外的所有其他饮料？ A. 啤酒 B. 加糖精的保健饮料 C. 加糖的咖啡 D. 美国公司生产的软饮料 解答： B 参考答案： B 3. 单选题：（1.0分） 在拉丁美洲，管理者______。 A. 一般会雇佣自己家族的成员 B. 认为雇佣中级家族成员是不合适的 C. 强调雇佣少数特殊群体员工的重要性

D. 通常雇佣比实际工作所需更多的员工 解答： A 参考答案： A 4. 单选题：（1.0分） 在拉丁美洲，人们______。 A. 认为交谈时和对方进行眼神交流是不礼貌的 B. 总是等到对方说完才开始说话 C. 身体接触次数比相似情况下北美商人多 D. 避免身体接触，因为这被认为是对个人隐私的侵犯解答： C 参考答案： C

5. 单选题：（1.0分） 马来西亚的主要宗教是______。 A. 佛教 B. 犹太教 C. 基督教 D. 伊斯兰教 解答： D 参考答案： D 6. 单选题：（1.0分） 在泰国______。 A. 男性之间挽手同行很常见

B. 男女之间在公共场合挽手很常见 C. 男女同行是很粗鲁的举止 D. 传统上男性和女性在街上遇见会互相亲吻解答： A 参考答案： A 7. 单选题：（1.0分） 在印度，进食时恰当的举止是______。 A. 用右手取食物，用左手吃 B. 用左手取食物，用右手吃 C. 取食物和吃都只用左手 D. 取食物和吃都只用右手 解答： D 参考答案： D

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跨文化交际-unit1-6-课后translation中英对照

跨文化交际-unit1-6-课后translation中英对照

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《跨文化交际学概论》课后习题答案

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跨文化交际答案1

大学英语跨文化交际双语课程水平测试题（一） I. Multiple Choice(20 points, 2 points each) Directions: There are some statements in this section. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D, choose the ONE that best complete the statement. 1.In the United States continues to welcome a large number of immigrants移民each year and has referred to as a melting-pot大熔炉society. This trend can reflect the theory of ___A__. A. macroculture B. microculture C. globalization D. modernization 2. A teenager dresses like and talks like a gang member but not a member of any gang. This case reflects the ___A____ characteristic of subgroup. A. deviant label B. temporality C. wanna-be behavior D. unexamined 3.When you talk with your friends about Picasso, Beethoven, you are talking about culture from ___B___ perspective. A. anthropological人类学 B. intellectual有才智的 C. social D. psychological心理 4.The dialogues at the United Nations, for example, would be termed __B_______. A. interracial communication B. interethnic communication C. international communication D. interpersonal communication 5.There is a Chinese belief that “One is good in nature with different characteristics but similar habits. However, if he is not well educated, his nature changes”. This belief can reflect that____C___. A. Human nature is evil but perfectible B. Human nature is a mixture of good and evil C. Human nature is good but corruptible容易 堕落的 D. None of the above 6.Mr. Wang, a Chinese immigrate in U.S, has adapted himself so well to American culture that he gradually lost his Chinese cultural identity. This process is called__C___. A. separation and segregation隔离 B. integration整合一体化 C. assimilation吸收同化 D. marginalization边缘化 7.Liming, a Chinese student, just began his study in a university in the United States. In his first week in U.S., he thought everything was new and exciting, and he enjoyed himself a lot. Liming is in__A___ stage of culture shock. A. honeymoon蜜月 B. crisis危机 C. reintegration再整合 D. gradual adjustment逐渐适应 8. ___C__ is the process of putting an idea into a symbol. A. Decoding B. Channel C. Encoding D. Source 9.___A__ refers to anything that distorts歪曲曲解the message the source encodes. A. Noise B. Message C. Source D. Context 10.___D__ refers to that portion of the receiver response of which the source has knowledge and to which the source attends and assigns meaning.

大学英语跨文化交际教程课后答案完整版

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跨文化交际与外语教学

跨文化交际与外语教学 一、跨文化交际研究的基本目的有三个。第一，培养人们对不同的文化持积极理解的态度。文化是有差异的，通过发现对方的不同点，反过来加深对我们自身文化的理解，从而做到客观地把握各自的文化特性。在发现差异的过程中，也要注意不可忽视大量的共同之处。第二，培养跨文化接触时的适应能力。初次与不同的文化接触时，往往会受到文化冲击(Cultule shock)，从而产生某种不适应。要使交际得以继续下去，必须设法减缓冲击、提高适应能力。第三，培养跨文化交际的技能。随着对外开放的进一步扩大，走出国门或留在国内参与跨文化交际的人越来越多，他们都需要学习、掌握与不同文化背景的人打交道时的实际技能。在美国，除了在大学里设有这方面的课程之外，社会上，如商业界也有许多机构专门负责跨文化交际技能的培养，以适应国际化社会的需要。可以说，正是基于这一点，跨文化交际研究的实践意义要大于理论意义。 跨文化交际的基本研究内容有三项。第一，有关世界观、价值观方面的研究；第二，言语行为的文化特性方面的研究；第三，非语言交际方面的研究。 在跨文化交际过程中，对于隐藏在文化深层里的价值观是回避不了的，人们恰恰是通过了解价值观的不同，来加深

对跨文化交际的理解。这是因为，跨文化交际过程中出现问题时，往往是不同的价值观念发生对立的时候。 关于言语行为的文化特性，这是跨文化交际中的又一重要课题。文化具有鲜明的个性，不同的文化之间自然会产生差异，文化差异反映到语言上，就成为语言上的差异。语言是文化的产物，又是文化的一种表现形式，语言的使用一定得遵循文化的规则。换言之，文化决定思维、决定语言的表达方式。我们设想一下外国人学习汉语的情况吧。外国人要学会正确使用“我说一点肤浅的意见，不对的地方请批评指正”这样的句子，除了需要语言本身的知识以外，还必须习得中国社会和文化方面的知识。不需要社会、文化背景知识而能造出的句子，几乎都是有关事实或状态方面的描写。例如：“我姐姐是一名大学生”、“天安门广场很大”等等，这些句子原样译成任何语言都说得过去。然而，有许多句子直译过去要么不通，要么不符合对方的社会、文化规则而不被理解。 最后一项是非语言交际方面的研究。非语言行为与语言行为一样，因文化的不同往往赋予不同的意义。在跨文化交际过程中，由于不同的文化对非语言行为的不同解释，往往会产生误解。非语言交际以往多被看作是体态语的代名词，其实它的范围远远超过了单纯的体态语。从人的身体特征到身上穿戴的服饰品，从搽的香水的味道到身体内散发出的体气，从声音的高低到房间的摆设、光线、色彩，从时间观

跨文化交际课前习题答案

UnitTwoCultureShock Ⅰ.Fillinblanks a.Inaformalwesternmeal,youreofferedasecondhelpingbutyouhavealready hadenough.Youshouldsay“______”.ThatwasdeliciousbutIvealreadyhadple nty,thanks. b.Taboosarewords,expressions,et c.thatareconsideredasbeing______or__ ____.unpleasant,disgustingc.______isaculturethatscoreshighonindividual ism.Individualculture d.Socialdistancereferstothedegreeof______or______betweentwoculture s.similarity,dissimilarity e.Becauseoftheir______,individualistsgivelittleth oughttothe______ofothers.Butcollectivistscareverymuchwhatothersinth eirgroupsthinkanddonotliketobethetargetsof______and_______.indepen dence,evaluations,scrutiny,criticism Ⅱ.KeyTerms a.cultureshock b.collectivistculture c.hospitality d.politeness e.privacy 在一个正式的西餐，你再提供一次帮助但你已经有足够的。你应该说“______”。那是美味的但我已经有很多，谢谢。 B.禁忌词，表达，等，被视为______或______。不愉快的，令人厌恶的 C. ______是一种文化，分数高的个人主义。个体文化 D.社会距离指的是______或______程度在两种文化之间。相似性，相异性 E.因为他们______，个人主义者不在乎别人的______。但集体主义者非常关心他们小组

跨文化交际-unit1-6-课后translation中英对照

Unit 1 Page 22 The growth of intercultural communication as a field of study is based on a view o f history that clearly demonstrates people and cultures have been troubled by a pers istent inability to understand and get along with groups and societies removed by sp ace, ideology, appearance, and behavior from their own. What is intriguing about m any of human civilization's failure is that they appear to be personal as well as globa l. The story of humankind is punctuated with instances of face-to-face conflicts as w ell as international misunderstanding--major and minor quarrels that range from si mple name-calling to isolationism or even armed conflict. It is obvious that increased contact with other cultures and subcultures makes it i mperative for us to make a concerted effort to get along with and to try to understan d people whose beliefs and backgrounds may be vastly different from our own. The ability, through increased awareness and understanding, to peacefully coexist with p eople who do not necessarily share our lifestyles or values could benefit us not only i n our own neighborhoods but could be the decisive factor in maintaining world peac e. 纵观历史，我们可以清楚地看到，人们由于彼此所处地域、意识形态、容貌服饰和行为举止上存在的差异，而长久无法互相理解、无法和睦相处。在这种情况下，跨文化交际作为一个特定的研究领域得以形成和发展。值得注意的是，人类文明在发展过程中所遭受的许多挫折，既是个人的，又是全球性的；人类历史进程总是充满了个人间的直接冲突和民族间的误解——从骂骂咧咧到孤立主义直至到武装冲突，大大小小争端不绝。 很显然，文化间以及亚文化间的交往比以前多了，这迫切要求我们共同努力，去理解有着不同信仰和文化背景的人们，并与之和睦相处。通过加深认识和理解，我们能够与生活方式、价值观念不同的人们和平共处；这不但有益于我们周遭环境的安定，也是维护世界和平的决定性因素。 Unit 2 Page 60 Culture is sometimes referred to as our mental programming，our “software of the mind. ” But we can take that computer analogy further and say that culture is the operating environment that enables software programs to run. Culture is like DOS or Unix or Windows：it is what enables us to process information in various specific application. The metaphor of windows seems to be very appealing to describe culture: culture is a mental set of windows through which all of life is viewed. It various from individual to individual within a society, but it shares important characteristics with menbers of a society. Culture is like the water fish swim in┄a reality that is taken for granted and rarely examined. it is in the air we breath and is as necessary to our understanding of who we are as air is to our physical life. Culture is the property of a community of people, not simply a characteristic of individuals. Societies are programmed by culture, and that programming comes from similar life experiences and similar interpretations of what those experiences mean. If culture is mental programming, it is also a mental map of reality. It tells us from

跨文化交际课后答案

Case 1 A Canadian The shipping agent(代理) is serving the customers in the way that is considered efficient in Venezuelan(委内瑞拉) culture. To the Canadian, however, this is unfocused activity(活动) that is not nearly as efficient(有效地) as it would be —particularly from her point of view — if the agent simply dealt(处理) exclusively(专门) with her scheduled(计划) appointment. In Canada, businesspeople typically(通常) write appointments and activities into the day’s agenda(议程) every day. They then work sequentially(顺序) through the agenda until they have completed each task or the day is over. In other words, Canadians prefer to do one thing at a time, while the South Americans, including Venezuelans, tend to do a few things simultaneously(同时). Case 2 A dozen As a Westerner, the American visiting professor(客座教授) does not quite understand the collective ownership(集体所有制) of information in some other cultural environments. What made her annoyed(恼火) is a different attitude toward information about people. In the United States, it is generally assumed(认为) that personal matters are private(隐私). Teachers go through elaborate(精心) procedures(设计) to assure that students do not have access(接触) to each other’s grades. In business it is the same. Evaluations(评估) are confidential(保密的). Case 3 When As a matter of fact, the American woman was not being disrespectful(不敬). However, it is clear that her way of showing respect and welcome was different from the ancient tradition of keeping physical distance from superiors(上级), which is still widely observed(遵守), especially when royalty(皇室) is involved(有关的). Paul Keating, the Australian prime minister(总理), may have intended(打算) to suggest by his gesture(姿态) that Australia would no longer accept the queen as head of state but just as one of their honored guests. Obviously, the British would not like it at all. Sometimes, such seemingly(表面上的) trivial(琐碎的) things can influence relations between countries. That’s why protocol(协议) is taken seriously and people who are to hold diplomatic(外交) posts(公告) will be given detailed and careful instructions(指示). Case 7 A female When the Canadian young man said, “Who took my peanut butter(花生酱)?”, what he really meant was “Where is my peanut butter? I can’t find it.” The Chinese doctor felt upset because in Chinese culture questions like this, especially expressed in the way the young Canadian man did, often imply(暗示) that someone is to blame(罪魁祸首). Chinese culture prohibits(禁止) direct accusing（指责）unless a person has been targeted for shame. However, true(忠诚的) to her learned cultural behavior of never

大学英语跨文化交际教程课后答案(全)

Unit1 Sportsmanship:It is the ability to practise a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat. 2. Traditionally, an Englishman is thought to be reserved, unemotional, courteous, shy of strangers, suspicious of change, and slow to accept new ideas. 3. It is the ability to practise a sport according to its rules, while also showing generosity to one’s oppo nent and good temper in defeat. Moreover, sportsmanship as an idea is applied to life in general. The pioneering spirit: Except for the brought from Africa, immigrants came to America voluntarily, early in search of greater prosperity and freedom. Rags-to-riches: It is story about a poor boy who, because he was hardworking, honest, and lucky, grew up to become rich and respected. American dream: The belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve weather and fame through diligence and virtue. 1.Traditionally, individualism, independence and collaboration, practice, tolerance, melting pot and racial discrimination are the character of Americans. 3.The American Dream is the belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve wealth and fame through diligence and virtue. Unit 2 Key concepts Five relationships Five relationships: ruler-minister, father-son, husband-wife, elder-younger brother and friend-friend. Humanism Humanism means that man not only had the right to enjoy the beauty of their life, but also had the ability to perfect themselves and perform wonders. Individualism An individualism culture is one in which people tend to view themselves ad individuals and to emphasize the needs of individuals.

跨文化交际课前习题答案

Unit Two Culture Shock Ⅰ.Fill in blanks a. In a formal western meal, you?re offered a second helping but you hav e already had enough. You should say “______”. That was delicious but I?ve already had plenty, thanks. b. Taboos are words, expressions, et c. that are considered as being _____ _ or ______. unpleasant, disgusting c. ______ is a culture that scores high on individualism. Individual culture d. Social distance refers to the degree of ______ or ______ between two c ultures. similarity, dissimilarity e. Because of their ______, individualists give little thought to the ______ of others. But collectivists care very mu ch what others in their groups think and do not like to be the targets of __ ____ and _______. independence, evaluations, scrutiny, criticism Ⅱ. Key Terms a. culture shock b. collectivist culture c. hospitality d. politeness e. privacy 在一个正式的西餐，你?再提供一次帮助但你已经有足够的。你应该说“______”。那是美味的但我?已经有很多，谢谢。 B.禁忌词，表达，等，被视为______或______。不愉快的，令人厌恶的 C. ______是一种文化，分数高的个人主义。个体文化