2019年高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第五周星期二阅读理解科普知识类+降环保类七选五+语法填空

2019年高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第五周星期二阅读理解科普知识类

+降环保类七选五+语法填空

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(xx·河南南阳一中月考)

One evening in February xx，a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote road in Wales.She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path.That’s when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train.Her Renault Clio was parked across a railway line.Seconds later，she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometer down the railway tracks.

Ceely’s near miss made the news because she blamed it on her GPS device(导航仪).She had never driven the route before.It was dark and raining heavily.Ceely was relying on her GPS，but it made no mention of the crossing.“I put my plete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train，”she told the BBC.

Who is to blame here？Rick Stevenson，who tells Ceely’s story in his book When Machines Fail Us，points the finger at the limitations of technology.We put our faith in digital devices，he says，but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job.They are fille d with small problems.And it’s not just GPS devices：Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless key-boards.

The problem with his argument in the book is that it’s not clear why he only focuses on digital technology，while there may be a number of other possible causes.A map-maker might have left the crossing off a paper map.Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention.Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signalling system.Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the GPS equipment.But Stevenson doesn’t say.

It’s a problem that runs through the book.In a section on cars，Stevenson gives an account of the ad vanced techniques that criminals use to defeat puter-based locking systems for cars.He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft；both show a small rise in some parts of the country.He says that once again not all new locks have proved reliable.Perhaps，but maybe it’s also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets.Or changing social circumstances.Or some bination of these factors.

The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and plex.It is shaped

by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in.Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be a way for a wiser use of technology.

If there is such a way，it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortings of our machines.After all，we have lived with them for thousands of years.They have probably been fooling us for just as long.

1.The underlined phrase “near miss” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by .

A.close hit

B.heavy loss

C.narrow escape

D.big mistake

2.Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most probably agree with?

A.Digital technology often falls short of our expectation.

B.Modern technology is what we can’t live without.

C.Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be.

D.GPS error is not the only cause for Ceely’s accident.

3.In the wr iter’s opinion，Stevenson’s argument is .

A.well-based

B.reasonable

C.puzzling

D.one-sided

4.What is the real concern of the writer of this article?

A.The major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.

B.The human unawareness of technical problems.

C.The relationship between humans and technology.

D.The shortings of digital devices we use.

B

(xx·河南漯河高级中学期中)

The term “healthy obesity” has gained value over the past 15 years，but scientists have recently questioned its very existence.“Our new findings suggest that health measures may be necessary for all obese(肥胖的) individuals，even those previously considered to be metabolically(代谢的) healthy，” says study first author Mikael，“Since obesity is the major driver changing gene expression in fat cells，we sho uld continue to focus on preventing obesity.”

Obesity has been a global problem，affecting approximately 600 million people worldwide and increasing the risk of heart disease，stroke，cancer，and so on.But in the 1970s and 80s，experts began to question the extent to which obesity increases the risk for these https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a31155655.html,ter studies in the late 90s and early xxs showed that some obese people show a relatively healthy life.

However，there are no accepted measures for measuring metabolically healthy obesity，and whe ther or not such a thing exists is now up for discussion.“Our study suggests that the idea of metabolically healthy obesity may be more difficult than thought，” Mikael says，“There doesn’t appear to be a clear line that separates obese subjects with high or low insulin(胰岛素) sensitivity，indicating that obesity is the major driver explaining the changes in gene expression.”

One limitation of the study is that it examined gene expression only in white fat cells，not other types.Moreover，all of the obese subjects were scheduled to experience obesity operations，so the findings may only apply to people with severe obesity.In future research，Mikael and his group will track the study patients after surgery to determine whether weight loss normalizes gene expression responses.They will also look for specific genes linked to improved metabolic health in these people.

In the meantime，the study has an important take-home message.“Obese people may not be as metabolically healthy as previously believed，” Ryden says.

5.What d oes the underlined phrase “healthy obesity” mean?

A.It can be healthy with obesity.

B.Obesity is necessary to be healthy.

C.Unhealthy people have no obesity.

D.Health has something to do with obesity.

6.What leads to healthy obesity failing to prove true?

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a31155655.html,ck of related patients.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a31155655.html,ck of genetic evidence.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a31155655.html,ck of research funding.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a31155655.html,ck of needed standards.

7.What advice can readers get from the passage?

A.People should have a healthy lifestyle.

B.People should accept obesity in a way.

C.People should keep a balanced weight.

D.People should avoid obesity operations.

8.Which can best describe the author’s intention in writing the passage? Apare，analyze and conclude.

B.Show，appreciate，and persuade.

C.Introduce，argue and advertise.

D.Present，inform and inspire.

Ⅱ.七选五

(xx·湖南重点名校大联考)

We eat in our cars，at our desks，on the go，and in front of the TV.We eat take-out，packaged and prepared meals.Why？Because it fits our not-enough-time-in-the-day lifestyles. 9 Well，I’m certainly not the first one to think it—or say it—but we all need to slow down.

Consumer trends around the globe show that over the past three decades people are purchasing more prepared foods at the grocery and eating out more than ever before.It’s predicted that we’ll spend more at restaurants in the ing years. 10 However，we’re getting less healthy.

While debates can be seen in different media over the food industry’s contribution to our growing waistlines and our health problems，the bottom line is this： 11 We can choose to eat a fast-food lun ch on the go.We can throw a frozen meal in the microwave and call it

dinner.We can eat without thinking，in front of the tube，at our puters，and while driving a car.

12 Studies have shown meaningful links between family meals and kids’ mental and physical well-being.Eating sensibly doesn’t take much time or money，but it does require you to make a conscious decision to do so.Wrapped in endless work，appointments and social activities，we often fail to enjoy a relaxing meal with our families.

While it can be a challenge to always put healthy eating first，just do your best.Remember that the food you eat has a more significant impact on your health，weight and well-being than almost any other activity you do.13 Every meal made at home—even just once or twice a week—is a step closer to a healthier body and a slower food lifestyle.

A.Lunch is the biggest calorie intake when it es to eating out.

B.Treat it with the importance that it deserves，but start small.

C.Our food matches our lives.

D.Purchase food locally and skip as many packaged items as you can.

E.What we eat，where we eat and how we eat are all under our control.

F.We’re consuming an increasing number of calories.

G.We can devote an hour of the day to enjoying a meal with our families.

Ⅲ.语法填空

(xx·云南玉溪一中期中)

Online shopping is getting more and more popular in most cities，where people are able to make full use of the rapidly-developed Internet technology.

It is weled by most people due to 14. (vary) reasons.From the angle of the consumers，it can save much time for a person who 15. (have) little spare time to go shopping in the malls.By 16. (simple) clicking the mouse，they can get whatever they want while staying at home,17. may be tens of thousands of kilometers away from the online shops.For the retailers，it can cut some costs for those who don’t have much circulating funds.It also saves them the need to rent a house 18. (pare) with traditional trade style.19. ，there are still some disadvantages in online shopping.First，a face-to-face deal makes online shopping less 20. (rely) and trustworthy.Second，people will lose the fun of bargain.

21. is undeniable that shopping on the Internet has bee an irresistible trend in modern society.It is of great importance that we make the relative laws with the rapid 22. (grow) of online shopping.Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and convenience of online shopping without the fear of 23. (cheat).

答案精析

Ⅰ.

1.C [词义猜测题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Seconds later，she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometer down the railway tracks.”可知，她因为下车去开铁门而逃过一死。故此处near miss与C项narrow escape表示“九死一生，死里逃生”意思相同，故选C。]

2.A [推理判断题。根据文章第三段和第四段，特别是第三段第二句“We put our faith in digital device，he says，but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job.”可知，Rick Stevenson认为我们信任数码设备，但是往往，他们却不合我们的心意，所以数码技术常常没有达到我们的期望。词眼“expectation”和“faith”相关，故选A。]

3.D [推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句“The problem with his argument in the boo k is that it’s not clearly...while there may be a number of other possible causes.”可推知，作者认为Rick Stevenson 只把焦点放在数码科技上，但是还应该有其他可能的原

因。所以，他的观点是片面的，故应选D。]

4.C [主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句“The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and plex.”和最后一段可知，作者认为人类与高科技设备之间的关系很复杂，意在告诉我们作者真正关心的是科技与人类的关系，故选C。]

5.A[词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“those previously considered to be metabolically(代谢的) healthy”可推知“healthy obesity”指的是肥胖对健康有好处。故选A。]

6.D [细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“there are no accepted measures for measuring metabolically healthy obesity”可知，由于目前还没有公认的对健康型肥胖的衡量标准，因此健康型肥胖无法被证明是正确的。故选D。]

7.C [推理判断题。通读全文可知，肥胖会增加一些疾病的风险，虽然没有公认的衡量健康型肥胖的标准，但是严重肥胖会对健康有害。由此可推知，我们不要让自己过度肥胖，应该保持平衡的体重。故选C。]

8.D [写作目的题。这篇短文介绍了肥胖是一个全球性的问题，会增加一些疾病的风险，虽然没有公认的衡量健康型肥胖的标准，但是不会像以前那样认为肥胖对健康有好处。由此可推知，作者写这篇短文的目的是呈现事实，告知并激励人们注意肥胖问题。故选D。]

Ⅱ.

语篇解读文章主要讲了我们应该放慢生活节奏，注重健康饮食。

9.C [由上文内容尤其是“it fits our not-enough-time-in-the-day lifestyles”可知，随着人们生活节奏的加快，人们的饮食习惯也在发生改变。C项中的match呼应了上一句中的fit。故选C。]

10.F [根据空前的人们越来越多的在外面吃饭及空后的“However，we’re getting less healthy.”可知，F项我们正在吃越来越多的高热量食物，符合上下文文意。故选F。] 11.E [由下文的“We can choose...”，“We can throw...”和“We can eat...”可知，E项中的“what we eat，where we eat and how we eat”与之相对应。故选E。]

12.G [根据后面的“Studies have shown meaningf ul links between family meals and kids’ mental and physical well-being.”可知，与家人一块儿吃饭有很大的好处。所以，G项内容符合上下文。故选G。]

13.B [根据前后文内容可知，饮食对我们的健康很重要。作者建议人们尽量在家吃饭。在目前生活节奏加快的情况下，可以慢慢地改变。故选B。]

Ⅲ.14.various15.has16.simply17.which18pared19.However/Nevertheless

20.reliable 21.It 22.growth 23.being cheated

2019年高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第五周星期五阅读理解应用广告类

+生活故事类七选五+语法填空

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(xx·吉林舒兰第一高级中学期中)

Hello and wele.My name is Shelley Ann Vernon and I am glad that you want to find out more about teaching English through games.Right here you will find ways to get great results in the classroom for children aged 4 to 12；ways that from my experience will bring more success and joy into the lives of the children you teach.

You’ll learn how to make your serious classes fun，how to ensure everyone gets better grades，how to help inspire the brighter kids while taking care of the slower ones，and how to associate fun with learning by teaching vocabulary and grammar through language games.Earn even more appreciation，love and respect from your students and their parents for your teaching.

The games presented here work for ESL (English as a Second Language) pupils aged 4 to 12.These games are most suitable for beginners to general level students.

Achieve results 2× as fast.

Don’t take my words for it；read evidence from teachers and parents：

Click here to order now with our secure server.Remember，if you are not satisfied，just let us know and we will refund you in full.You still get to keep the essential bonus material，with a value of 25 dollars for FREE，and that’s a rare time-saving gain.

1.Which of the following does the writer agree with?

A.Teachers should make their classes serious.

B.A good class should associate fun with learning.

C.Only smart children can learn from the games.

D.Only pupils aged 2 can make good use of the games.

2.If you are unsatisfied with the book， .

A.you can plain to a local newspaper or Shelley Ann Vernon

B.you can get half your money back and keep the material

C.you can get 25 dollars back but you have to return the product first

D.you will get your money back without returning the essential bonus material

3.The text is most probably taken from a .

A.magazine

B.novel

C.website

D.newspaper

B

(xx·安徽六安一中月考)

Have you ever been to the world’s smallest bookstore?

The World’s Smallest Bookstore，whose official name is just these three words，sits quietly about 100 miles northeast of Toronto.

The bookstore is about 10 feet by 10 feet，so it is easy to imagine how tiny it really is.The bookstore is open 24 hours a day.Inside the bookstore are various books，especially literary books and classic authors’ works.So if you are looking for something less popular，you may get a bit disappointed there.

Another special feature of this bookstore is that each book only costs three dollars.All the expenses are paid on the honor system，which means buyers should make a note of what they’ve bought and leave their money by themselves.So the tools of the trade in this bookstore are quite simple：pens，papers，light bulbs and a label-maker.

In order to catch passers-by’s attention，the billboards(广告牌) of the bookstore are several times bigger than the store itself.With these large eye-catchers，many people are willing to stop by and have a visit.

4.What’s the passage mainly about?

A.The popular books nowadays.

B.A strange way of selling books.

C.The world’s smallest bookstore.

D.The popular bookstores in the world.

5.Which of the following books might you most probably get in the store?

A.Books on popular science.

B.Books on economic control.

C.The year book of a university.

D.Literary books.

6.How could you buy a book from the store?

A.Choose the book(s) and leave the money there.

B.The salesman will get the money for the book.

C.The salesman will help you find the book.

D.Pay on the net and then get the book(s) in the store.

Ⅱ.七选五

(xx·福建闽侯第六中学月考)

It’s easy to spot signs of physical suffering，but much emotional pain can be easily masked. 7 “We don’t tend to have conversations about mental well-being，” says Dr Barbara Van Dahlen，a clinic psychologist.“Simply asking someone ‘How are you’ may just get ‘Fine，thank you’，” says Van Dahlen.“It’s important to be aware of what could lead to somebody needing help they’re afraid t o ask for，” she adds.The following are four signs a friend might need help.

? 8

If you sense something different about the way your friend is acting—maybe he’s not smiling much these days，for instance—trust your feelings and reach out.“Try saying，‘I see t hese things.I care about you.Can I be of help？’” Van Dahlen says.

?He’s unusually unhappy or annoyed.

9 “It may take more than one time to follow up if you’re talking to someone who is upset，” Van Dahlen says，“but if a friend responds with anger，that could mean you’re onto something.”

?He’s less put together than usual.

Drinking more and ignoring personal hygiene(卫生) can be signs that someone is in trouble.Don’t consider

these behaviors are nothing. 10 He seems overwhelmed(压倒) by life.

No one is happy all the time，but if your once optimistic friend can’t find anything to be hopeful about，he may be having thoughts of worthlessness，sadness and something negative.“ 11 ” says Van Dahlen，“so that more people can get the help they need.”

A.He’s acting a bit mor e withdrawn.

B.He doesn’t seem like himself lately.

C.Instead treat them as a sign to care for your friend.

D.Getting angry quickly and easily can be a sign that something is wrong.

E.It’s a constant effort to bring into the open discussions about mental h ealth.

F.Many people avoid talking about it no matter how close they are to someone.

G.We want people to get fortable being more open and discussing mental health.

Ⅲ.语法填空

(xx·山东费县二中月考)

An old Japanese man kept a sparrow 12. which he was very fond.One day it flew away.He went out，13. (look) all over the place for his sparrow.At last，

he met his sparrow.“I missed you very much，sparrow.14. you follow me home？” 15. the sparrow was happy to see the old man，it shook 16. (it) head.There were many other birds.They all looked healthy.“I am glad you have good panions，dear sparrow，” said the old man.When it was time for the old man to leave，the sparrow gave him a basket as a present.“Well，” said the old man’s wife 17. (anger) when he returned，“wher e have you been all day？” “Have been to the home of my lost sparrow，” replied he.When he opened the basket he was 18. (amaze) to find

it was full of gold.The old woman was very greedy.But she used to treat it very badly.She unashamedly asked for a prese nt.“Alright，”replied the sparrow，“I offer you two 19. (choose).One basket is light and the other is heavy.20. (pick)one out，and you can take it home.” The greedy old woman cried out，“I’ll take 21. heavy one.” So the old woman carried the heavy ba sket breathlessly all the way.But when she arrived home and opened the basket，it was full of stones.

答案精析

Ⅰ.

语篇解读本文是网站上的一则广告，意在向英语老师推销一本关于利用游戏教学的书。

1.B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“and how to associate fun with learning by teaching vocabulary and grammar thro ugh language games”可知，作者认为一堂好课应寓教于乐。故选B。]

2.D [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Remember，if you are not satisfied...we will refund you in full.You still get to keep the essential bonus material”可知，如果不满意，顾客可以获得全额退款，并免费保留材料，因此选D项。]

3.C [文章出处题。根据最后一段第一句可知，这篇文章最有可能来自一个网站。故选C项。] 语篇解读本文介绍了世界上最小的书店，文章对它进行了详细的描述。

4.C [主旨大意题。文章第一段用一个问句“Have you ever been to the world’s smallest bookstore？”引出了本文的主题：世界上最小的图书馆。后文对该图书馆做了详细的描述，所以本文的主题就是C项。]

5.D [细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，书店有各种各样的书，尤其是文学类和一些名著，故选D。]

6.A [细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段第二句可知，买主需要自己记下他们买的是什么，然后将钱留下。故选A。]

Ⅱ.

语篇解读本文是关于健康的说明文。文章介绍了人们心理出现问题时的四个迹象。

7.F [根据本空后的“We don’t tend to have conversations about mental well-being”可知，“无论人们跟某人有多亲密，他们都不会跟对方谈论心理方面的问题”。F项中的it 指代本空上一句中的 emotional pain。故选F。]

8.B[根据下文中的“...something different about th e way your friend is acting—maybe he’s not smiling much these days...”可知，“朋友跟平常不一样”是他心理出问题的迹象之一。故选B。]

9.D [根据本段的小标题“He’s unusually unhappy or annoyed.”可知，“易怒是心理出问题的另一个迹象”。故选D。]

10.C [根据本空前的“Don’t consider these behaviors are nothing.”可知，不要把这些不同寻常的行为不当一回事，“而是要把它们当成你去关爱朋友的迹象”。C项中的them 指代上一句中的 behaviors。故选C。]

11.G [根据本空后的“so that more people can get the help they need”可推知Van Dahlen希望人们能更自在地敞开心扉谈论心理健康，只有这样，更多的人才能得到他们需要的帮助。故选G。]

Ⅲ.12.of 13.looking 14.Will/Can 15.Though/Although

16.its 17.angrily 18.amazed 19.choices 20.Pick 21.the

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇(附答案)

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习，值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力，即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来，阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：（1）掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节；（2）既理解具体事实，也理解抽象的概念；（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；（4）既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并能根据文章进行推理和判断；（5）既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求，试题中常采用如下几种题型：事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计，答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1．首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理，因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感，特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀，从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的，因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事，也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求，试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词，只要认真分析，仔细阅读，这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2．扫读全文，理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章，首先要快速扫读全文，虽为扫读，但不可漫不经心，阅读时也应聚精会神，力求可能多地获取材料信息，只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理，不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。

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