英语国家概况练习题.doc

UK

True or False

1. The United Kingdom is located in northern Europe.

2. The United Kingdom consists of four political

divisions —England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.

3. England is one of the two large islands in the British

Isles.

4. The British Isles are made up of three large islands

and hundreds of small ones.

5. Wales lies on the east coast of the island of Great

Britain.

6. The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association

of independent countries that all used to be colonies of Britain.

7. In Scotland, rugged mountains, green valleys, and

deep, blue lakes provide some of the most beautiful

scenery in Europe.

8. The longest river in Britain is the Thames.

9. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh in

northwest England.

10. Britain’s climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream, a

warm ocean current that sweeps up from the

equator and flows past the British Isles.

FFFFFFTFFT

1. The British Isles are made up of _______.

A. three large islands and hundreds of small ones

B. three large islands and dozens of small ones

C. two large islands and hundreds of small ones

D. two large islands and dozens of small ones

2. Which of the following is NOT a political division on the island of Great Britain?

A. England.

B. Scotland.

C. Northern Ireland.

D. Wales.

3. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the _______ and the North Sea in the east.

A. east

B. south

C. west

D. north

4. The Republic of Ireland was totally independent in the year _______.

A. 1920

B. 1945

C. 1918

D. 1949

5. The highest mountain in Britain, Ben Nevis, lies in ______.

A. the Highlands

B. the Southern Uplands

C. the Central Lowlands

D. the Lake District

6. The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in __________.

A. 1921

B. 1931

C. 1945

D. 1950

7. The mountain system the Pennines is often called the backbone of _______.

A. England

B. Scotland

C. Great Britain

D. Ireland

8. The regional capital of Northern Ireland is _______.

A. Glasgow

B. Edinburgh

C. Cardiff

D. Belfast

CCBDABADB

1. The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are Celts.

2. London and England as a whole have great influence over the rest of the United Kingdom because of their large population.

3. People of Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi origin are the largest group of immigrants in Britain.

4. Compared to the rest of the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of older people and a higher percentage of younger people.

5. The Welsh language is the official language in Wales.

6. Scottish Gaelic is the official language in Scotland.

7. The English language is the predominant language in Northern Ireland.

8. English people all strive to free themselves of regional or local accents in order to sound like educated English-speaking people.

9. Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property.

10. Britishness is associated with political, historical, technological, sporting, and cultural achievements in Britain.

FTTFTFTFFT

1. The English people and the English language were born from the union of ________.

A. the Angles and the Saxons

B. Romans and the Norman French

C. Danes or Vikings and the Norman French

D. Norman conquerors and the defeated Anglo-Saxons

2. The first known settlers of Britain were _______.

A. the Iberians

B. the Beaker Folk

C. the Celts

D. the Romans

3. About 80,000 Scots speak Gaelic which is an ancient _________.

A. Scottish language

B. English language

C. Irish language

D. Celtic language

4. About three million people have migrated to Britain since World War II. They are mainly from the West Indies, India and __________.

A. Indonesia

B. Singapore

C. Hong Kong

D. Pakistan

5. In Britain _______ of the population is urban and _______ is rural.

A. 90% ; 10%

B. 80% ; 20%

C. 70% ; 30%

D. 60% ; 40%

6. The ancestors of the Welsh were the ancient __________.

A. Celts

B. Romans

C. Normans

D. Britons

7. The average population density in Britain is ______ people per square kilometer.

A. 250

B. 370

C. 800

D. 500

8. During the 5th century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic _________ invaded and conquered Britain.

A. Angles and Celts

B. Angles and Picts

C. Angles and Brythons

D. Angles and Saxons

9. The upper class in Britain consists of the following except _________.

A. peerage

B. gentry

C. landowners

D. professionals

10. “Britishness”can be reflected in the following except _________.

A. Union Jack

B. conservativeness

C. the Beatles

D. Thanksgiving Day

DADDAAADDD

1. The first Roman invasion took place in 43 AD, headed by the Emperor Julius Caesar.

2. The name “England”derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who came to England in the 5th and 6th centuries.

3. The Magna Carta defined the King’s feudal rights, preventing him from arbitrarily collecting revenue.

4. The Black Death once ravaged England, carrying off three fourths of the population.

5. During Edward III’s reign, the war with France known as the Hundred

Years’War began.

6. The Wars of the Roses were in the main a great contest for Crown between the rival houses of York and Lancaster.

7. Queen Mary was a follower of the Church of England and she was determined to make England once again a Protestant country

8. James’son, Charles I, who succeeded him in 1625, also thought that his right to rule was God-given.

9. The establishment of the British East India Company in 1600 was a case of economic penetration.

FTTFTTFTT

1. In 1066 Harold and his troops fought against William’s army on Senlac field near ________.

A. London

B. Normandy

C. Standford

D. Hastings

2. The Plantagenet Dynasty was founded by _________.

A. Henry

B. Henry II

C. King Joseph

D. Count of Anjor

3. English Reformation was carried out by _______ to change the religion

in England from Catholicism to Protestantism.

A. Edward VI

B. Henry VIII

C. Mary I

D. Elizabeth I

4. King John was forced by the barons to sign the _______ which restricted the King’s power.

A. Bill of Rights

B. Petition of Right

C. Provisions of Oxford

D. Great Charter

5. Simon de Montfort’s reform is considered to be the beginning of English _______.

A. parliament

B. cabinet

C. constitution

D. liberty

6. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as _______.

A. Lord Protector

B. Lieutenant General

C. Commander of the New Model Army

D. President

7. William of Orange started Constitutional Monarchy by accepting _______ in 1689.

A. Bill of Rights

B. Petition of Right

C. Provisions of Oxford

D. Great Charter

8. The 1851 London Great Exposition was held in the Crystal Palace which was designed by Queen _______’s husband Albert.

A. Mary

B. Elizabeth I

C. Victoria

D. Anne

9. The British Prime Minister who led the British to defeat Nazi Germany is _______.

A. Churchill

B. Chamberlain

C. MacDonald

D. Macmillan

DBBDA AACA

1. Although the monarch does not have any real power, he (or she) does have great influence.

2. Britain does not have a written constitution.

3. Each Member of Parliament represents a constituency, and holds his seat during the life of a Parliament.

4. The House of Lords is the second chamber where changes in law can be made.

5. The party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House of Lords becomes the official Opposition.

6. Ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of the Prime Minister.

7. The two major parties in Britain today are the Conservative Party and the Liberal Democratic Party.

8. Ministers in Britain cannot be elected Members of Parliament at the same time.

TTTFFTFF

1. The British constitution is made up of the following EXCEPT ___________.

A. Commonwealth law

B. statute law

C. common law

D. ancient documents

2. The House of Commons is elected by universal suffrage and has about ___________ Members of Parliament.

A. 650

B. 660

C. 670

D. 680

3. British Conservative Party was formerly called _______ Party in the 18th century.

A. Whig

B. Tory

C. Liberal

D. Nationalist

4. The United Kingdom is governed in the name of ___________, by ___________.

A. the King; the Prime Minister

B. the Queen; the Prime Minister

C. the Prime Minister; His or Her Majesty’s Government

D. the Sovereign; His or Her Majesty’s Government

5. ________ is the “supreme governor”of the Church of England.

A. The monarch

B. The Archbishop of York

C. The Archbishop of Canterbury

D. The Roman Pope

6. In Britain the citizens aged ____________ or over have the right to

vote.

A. 16

B. 18

C. 21

D. 30

7. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ____________ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.

A. Prime Minister

B. Member of Parliament

C. Lord of Appeal

D. Speaker of the House

8. The Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and _____________.

A. the Conservative Party

B. the Labour Party

C. the Liberal Party

D. the Green Party

9. Parliament has the following functions EXCEPT ____________.

A. making law

B. authorizing taxation and public expenditure

C. declaring war

D. examining the actions of the government

AABDA BACC

1. Although Britain is a unitary state, it does not have a single legal system.

2. A Magistrates’Court sits with a jury.

3. In Scotland, all appeals are heard by three or more judges of the High Court of Justiciary.

4. Officers in Great Brain do not normally carry firearms.

5. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of the Lord Chancellor.

6. The main courts of civil jurisdiction in England and Wales are the County Courts.

7. House of Lords is the court of last resort for most instances of UK law.

8. Lord Chancellor is the highest court officer in Britain.

9. Unless the case with which an arrested person is charged is very serious, he will usually be granted bail if he cannot be brought before the court within a day.

10. If a person is charged with murder, and has

insufficient means, he must be granted legal aid

TFFTF TFFTT

1. All criminal trials are held in open court because the criminal law presumes the _______ of the accused until he has been proven guilty beyond reasonable doubt.

A. guilt

B. impartiality

C. innocence

D. honesty

2. In England, Wales, and Northern Island, people between the age of _________ and 70 whose names appear on the electoral register are liable for jury service and their names are chosen at random.

A. 18

B. 19

C. 20

D. 21

3. The jury consists of ordinary, independent citizens summoned by the court: 12 in England, Wales and Northern Island, and ___________ in Scotland.

A. 12

B. 13

C. 14

D. 15

4. Whether the accused is guilty or innocent is decided by _________.

A. the policemen

B. the jury

C. the judge

D. the sheriff

5. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the Scotland is _________.

A. the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom

B. the Court of Appeal

C. the High Court of Justiciary

D. the House of Lords

6. In England and Wales the highest judicial appointments are made by the Queen on the advice of ________.

A. the Lord Chancellor

B. the Home Secretary

C. the Prime Minister

D. the Attorney General

7. Criminal cases in England and Wales may NOT be tried in ____________.

A. the Magistrates’Court

B. the Court of Appeal

C. the High Court

D. the Crown Court

8. The three “lay”magistrates that make up a Magistrates’Court in Britain are known as _________

A. Justices of the Peace

B. stipendiary magistrates

C. Justices of Law

D. part-time magistrates

9. The most serious criminal offences in Scotland are tried in __________.

A. the District Court

B. the Sheriff Court

C. the High Court of Justiciary

D. the Crown Court

CADBA CCAC

1. A century ago the British economy was among the strongest in the world.

2. John Maynard Keynes was an influential American economist.

3. A strong opponent of the policies of the Labor Party, Margaret Thatcher worked to increase government control over the British economy.

4. In Britain service industries account for about two-thirds of its gross domestic product.

5. The area between London and South Wales is often referred to as Britain’s “Silicon Glen”.

6. Britain imports chiefly manufactured products and exports mostly raw

materials.

7. Most of the United Kingdom’s trade is with other developed countries, especially other members of the European Union.

8. The value of Britain’s exports of goods usually exceeds the value of its imports.

9.Today, the City of London is the centre of London

where government departments are located.

10.The trade union movement in Britain is becoming

stronger these years because of changes in the structure of employment.

TFFTFFTFFF

1. The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and

1960s was based on the theory of _______.

A. Adam Smith

B. John Maynard Keynes

C. Margaret Thatcher

D. Karl Marx

2. Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced ______.

A. economic recession

B. economic expansion

C. economic decline

D. economic depression

3. Which of the following is NOT true of Britain’s

agriculture?

A. British farming is highly mechanized.

B. Agriculture in Britain is intensive.

C. British farming is very efficient.

D. Britain’s agriculture can produce enough food for its

people.

4. In Britain less than ________ of the population are farmers.

A. 2%

B. 4%

C. 6%

D. 10%

5. In the ______ Britain became a net exporter of oil.

A. 1960s

B. 1970s

C. 1980s

D. 1990s

6. To stimulate economic recovery, the Thatcher

Government carried out all the following policies but

______.

A. privatization

B. interventionism

C. deregulation

D. market liberalization

7. Britain is the ____ largest trading nation in the world.

A. third

B. fourth

C. fifth

D. sixth

8. British oil fields were discovered on the _______.

A. English Channel

B. Irish Sea

C. Norwegian Sea

D. North Sea

9. Which of the following is not included in the new industries in Britain?

A. Microprocessors.

B. Computers.

C. Biotechnology.

D. Motor vehicles.

BBDAC BDDD

1. The National Health Service (NHS) provides for every resident, regardless of income, a full range of medical services.

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Which of the following is NOT one of the general standards for admission into an institution of higher learning in the U. S. A.? ACTP GPA MBA SAT 4 of 100 Britain's longest rivers are _____. the Severn and the Thames the Thames and the Clyde the Clyde and the Humber the Severn and the Clyde 5 of 100 New Englanders were originally known as _______. Yankees German farmers

Fishermen from Scandinavia English Puritans 6 of 100 The Constitution of the United States provides that _____ shall be President of the Senate. the Chief Justice the Secretary of State the Vice President the President 7 of 100 Which of the following is NOT one of the clauses in Magna Carta? There should be the same weights and measures throughout the country. The principle of parliamentary supremacy should be confirmed and free speech in Parliament should be guaranteed.

2014-2017自学考试英语二(00015)历年真题及答案汇总

2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）标准试题 (课程代码：00015) 第一部分：阅读判断题(每题1分，共10分) 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供 的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。 Running: Sport or Way of Life? You go through the channels several times and find that once again there's nothing on TV that interests you. Not a problem! Just put on some running shoes and comfortable clothes and go for a run. One of the best things about the sport of running is that you don't need expensive equipment. All you need is a good pair of running shoes and a safe environment. But don't be fooled into thinking the sport of running is easy It requires discipline and concentration. Running is good for you both physically and mentally. It strengthens your heart lungs and muscles? It makes you more aware of your body. Running also improves your body so that you don't get sick as easily. It can even help you to stay more focused in school because exercise helps you to think more clearly. How do you get engaged in the sport if you don't know much about it? Most schools offer running programs. A simple internet search can help some in your find area. Then programs show you how running can offer competition or just be for fun. They also teach runners to set practical goals and take care of their bodies. Runners have great respect for each other because they know how difficult the sport can be. If you go to a race you'll see people cheering for all the runners. Running isn't always about how fast you are or how far you're going. It's about getting out there and doing it. Participation is more important than competition and effort is recognized over talent. If you're looking for more than just a sport running may be the perfect choice for you 1. You may find it interesting in go for A run. A. True B. False C. Not Given 2. The sport of running is easy. A True B. False C. Not Given 3. It is hard to End n safe environment for running.

英语国家概况考试复习要点

英语国家概况复习要点 Part One UK The Country 1.Different Names for Britain and its Parts Name：England Britain Great Britain (GB/G.B.) British Isles British Empire The Commonwealth The United Kingdom(The UK) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Parts：England Scotland Wales Northern Ireland 2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Geographically, the British Isles includes Great Britain, the whole of Ireland, and all the offshore islands Politically, the British Isles is made up of U.K. and Republic of Ireland. 3. the highest mountain in Britain：Ben Nevis(本尼维斯山) the largest mountain range in Britain：the Grampians（格兰扁山脉） 4.the longest river：The Severn River (塞文河) The most important river in Britain and the second longest river: Thames（泰晤士河） 5. the largest lake in Britain：Lough Neagh（内伊湖）( Northern Ireland) 6. Backbone of England：the Pennies（奔宁山脉） The people 7.The first known settlers of Britain were the Iberians. 人们所知的英国最早居民是伊比利来人。 8.Basis of Modern English race? The earlist people known in Britain were nomads（游牧者）from mainland Europe in the Old Stone Age（旧石器时代）,followed by Neolithic（新石器时代）Iberians （伊比利亚人) and the Beaker Folk(比克人）in the Bronze Age（青铜器时代） 9.the contributions made by Anglo-Saxons to the English state? ①.established 'Old English' ②.laid the foundations of the English state ③. divided the country into shires ④. created the 'Witan' to advise the King(the basis of the Cabinet) 10.different invaders? First invasion—In 55 BC, Julius Caesar Second—Caesar's second raid in 54 BC Third and final—In 43 AD, Emperor Claudius, final and successful Roman invasion of Britain (recorded) Left—In 410, Germanic barbarian attack Rome, forcing Roman troops to leave Britain, and thus ending its occupation of the island History 9.Who is known as “ the father of the British navy” ? Sir Francis Drake 10. The Norman Conquest and its consequences The Norman Conquest (1066-1071) Fuse: Edward ruled for 24 years and died in January, 1066. Harold was chosen to be king. William, Duke of Normandy, heard the news of Harold’s coronation, he got very angry and claimed that he had the sole right to be king of England because