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ever词引导的名词性从句详解

ever词引导的名词性从句详解
ever词引导的名词性从句详解

-ever词引导的名词性从句详解

?一、概说

英语中的-ever?词主要包括?whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however?等,其中可引导名词性从句的主要有?whatever, whoever, whichever。这里所说的名词性从句主要指主语从句和宾语从句,它们通常不用于引导同位语从句,同时也很少用于引导表语从句。如:

Whatever he said was right.?无论他说什么都是对的。(引导主语从句)

I d on’t believe whatever he said.?无论他说什么我都不信。(引导宾语从句)

在某些特定的语境中,也可用于引导表语从句。如:

What he wants to get is whatever you have.?他想得到的是你所拥有的一切。

二、whatever引导的名词性从句

whatever的意思是“所……的一切事或东西”,可视为what的强调说法,其含义大致相当于anything that,whatever在从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语。如:

Do whatever she t ells you and you’ll have peace.?她叫你干什么你就干什么,那你就太平了。

I don’t believe in letting children do whatever they like.?我不赞成让孩子为所欲为。

Goats eat whatever food they can find.?山羊找到什么食物就吃什么食物。

三、whoever引导的名词性从句

whoever的意思“任何……的人”,在意义上大致相当于?anybody who。whoever在从句中可用作主语或宾语。如:

I’ll take whoever wants to go.?谁想去我就带谁去。

Whoever says that is a liar.?说那话的人是个骗子。

She can marry whoever she chooses.?她愿意嫁谁就嫁谁。

I’ll give the ticket to whoever wants it.?谁想要这票,我就把它给谁。

Tell whoever you like — it makes no difference to me.?你爱告诉谁就告诉谁吧,对我是无所谓的。

注:whoever既用作主语也可用作宾语(作宾语时不宜用whomever,因为在现代英语中whomever已几乎不用)。另外,注意以下受汉语意思影响而弄错的句子:

谁赢了都可以获奖。

误:Who wins can get a prize.

误:Anyone wins can get a prize.

正:Whoever wins can get a prize.

正:Anyone who wins can get a prize.

四、whichever引导的名词性从句

whichever的意思“……的那个人或事物”,在意义上大致相当于?the person or the thing that。whichever在从句中可用作主语、宾语或定语。如:

You can pick whichever one you like.?你喜欢哪个就挑哪个。

Whichever of you comes first will receive a prize.?你们谁第一谁就能得奖。

We’ll eat at whichever restaurant has a free table.?哪个饭馆有空桌我们就在哪儿吃吧。

Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking.?我们当中无论哪个先到家,哪个就先开始做饭。

注:whatever, whoever, whichever除用于引导的名词性从句外,还可用于引导状语从句,分别相当于?no matter what, n o matter who, no matter which。如:

I’ll stand by you whatever [=no matter what] happens.?无论如何我都支持你。

Whoever [=No matter who] wants to speak to me on the phone, tell them I’m busy.?

不管谁要我接电话,就说我现在正忙。

Whichever [=No matter which] you buy, there is a six-month guarantee.?

不管买哪个都有六个月的保修期。????????????????????????????????????????

涉及that等引导的定语从句

涉及that等引导的定语从句 定语从句历年都是高考的重难点,尤其是涉及that,which,as的考题。下面是定语从句的语法规则和具体应用,希望同学们好好揣摩。 一、限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况 1. 当先行词是anything,everything,nothing (something 除外),few,all,none,little,some等代词时,或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much,each等词修饰时。例如: Have you taken down everything (that)Mr. Smith has said?你记下了斯密思先生说的一切吗? There seems to be nothing (that)seems impossible for him in the world. 对他来说,没有什么不可能。 There is little (that)I can do for you. 对你,我无能无力。 由此可知,一般情况下,可将that用括号括住。部分时候that也可以省略。例如: All that can be done has been done. 今日事,今日毕。 此外,当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who。例如: Any man that/who has a sense of duty won’t do such a bad

thing. 任何一个有责任感的人不会做这样的坏事。 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时,例如: The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 他们访问伦敦时,首先去看大本钟。 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,例如: This is the best movie that I have seen. 这是我看过最棒 的电影。 4. 当形容词被the very,the only,the same,the last,any,little等修饰时,例如: This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy. 这是很好的词典,我想买。 After the fire in his house,the old motorcycle is the only thing that he owned. 家里失火后,旧摩托是他唯一所有的东西了。 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who,例如: Erik is the only person in our company who will attend the meeting. 艾里克是我们公司唯一出席会议的人。 5. 当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时,例如: Who is the man that is sitting at the corner?坐在角落里的是谁? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?什么T恤衫最配我?

三大类从句的引导词

引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等 定义:如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句. 第一部分:常规主语从句,即句子在复合句中充当一个主语 (1)That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised me. (2)Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.(3)Who will be our monitor has't been decided yet. (4) Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.(5)What caused the accident remains unknown. (6)Whatever you did is right. (7)Whose watch was lost is unknown. (8)What we need is time. (9)What we need are good doctors. 小结: (1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等

(2)连词位于句首不能省略 (3)主语从句大多数情况下视为单三,但也有例外,如例9 第二部分:为了防止句子头重脚轻,通常把形式主语it放在主语位置,真正主语搁置于句末 (1)It is certain that he will win the match. (2)It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. (3)It is very likely that they will hold a meeting. (4)It is strange that he should do that. (5)It is important that we all should attend the meeting.(6)It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas. (7)It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our vacation. (8)It is still a mystery what caused the accident. (9)It is said that he has gone to Taiwan.(=He is said to have gone to Taiwan)

引导名词性从句的关联词

引导名词性从句的关联词 在传统的语法中,有连接代词、连接副词和关系代词、关系副词之分;连接代词、连接副词引导名词性从句和关系代词、关系副词引导定语从句。本书根据最新资料不再作此分类,通称关系代词和关系副词。 引导名词性从句的关联词大致相同,它们分别是:连词:that, whether, if;关系代词:who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever;关系副词:when, where, how, why,however, whenever, wherever。引导从句时一般不用逗号和主句分开。详细见下表: 类别词义在从句中的作用 that 无任何词义仅起连接作用,在从句 中不充当任何句子成分 if和whether 意为“是否”,表 明从句意义的 不确定性起连接作用,在从句中不充当任何句子成分 关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 有各自自身的 意义 起连接作用,并在从句 中充当主、表、宾、定 语等 关系副词when,where,why,how, however, whenever, wherever 有各自自身的 意义 起连接作用,并在从句 中充当状语 1、that从句与wh-关系代词和关系副词引导名词性从句的区别 连词that在从句中不作成分,不含疑问意义;而wh-连词在从句中作成分,且含有疑问意义;或what/where从句相当于一个名词后加一个定语从句。 It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey. 她的头发在变白令她有点担忧。(that在从句中只起引导词作用,不作成分) What caused the accident is still a complete mystery. 事故发生的原因仍然是个不解之谜。(What在从句中作主语) 2、that与whether引导名词性从句的区别。 that与whether都是连词,引导名词性从句时,在句中只起连接作用,都不担任句子成分,使用时有下列区别: (1)动词doubt表示“怀疑、不知道” 解时,肯定句接whether引导的宾语从句;否定句don’t doubt和疑问句Do you doubt要接that引导的从句。 I don’t doubt that he will come soon.我不怀疑他不久会来。(此处不用whether) Can you doubt that he will win?你怀疑他会赢吗?(此处不用whether) I doubt whether it is true.我怀疑那不是真的。 比较:doubt表示“不信”解时,表示强烈的不相信时,在陈述句中可接that从句。 I doubt that he will stay there.我不信他会留在那里。 (2)that本身无意义,有时可以省略;whether本身有意义,在句中均不可省略。 He said (that) he was from New Y ork.他说他是从纽约来的。(that无意义,可以省略)Whether he will go there is not decided yet.他去不去没定下来。(whether 有意义,不可以省

That 引导的宾语从句

That 引导的宾语从句 如:he suggests that the park is very popular. Lingling thinks the park will be busy . I don’t think they allow people to swim in the lake . 放在动词后面作宾语的句子,叫宾语从句。分三类,,一类是that 引导的宾语从句,二是whether(无论)/if 如果,引导的宾语从句。还有就是连接代词,连接副词引导的宾语从句。 (1)that 引导宾语从句,that 没有实际意义,通常可以省略。但不一定所有的动词可以接that 宾语从句。常用的有:suggest think believe expect feel hear hope prefer Promise report say see tell understand warn(警告) (2)有时that 是不能省略 宾语从句主语是that,如:he says that that is a useful book. 当宾语从句前有插入语时。如:it says ,on the card ,that it is made in China. 当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时。I’m afraid that you lost it ,you must pay for it 当两个或多个宾语从句并列连词连接时,除第一个从句中that 可以省略外,其 它从句的that 不能省略。如:he says the film was interesting and that he enjoy it. (3)宾语从句的时态 主句现在的现在某种时态(一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时)从句可根实际情况来定。 如果主句是过去的某种时态(过去进行时,一般过去时)宾语从句一定要过去的某种时态。(包括,一般过去,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时) 宾语从句表示是客观事实或真理,主句是过去式,从句也用一般现在时。 Teacher told me that the earth is round . (4)宾语从句中的否定转移, 谓语动词是think believe 等,做否定时,主句是否定,从句是肯定句。

定语从句引导词的用法

定语从句引导词的用法 that 和Which 都可以指物,其用法区别: 相同点(Similarities) 1.这两个关系代词引导定语从句时,都可以指物; 2.在定语从句中都可作主语或宾语; 3.作宾语,并且前面无介词时都可省略。 The train that/which has just left is for Shanghai.刚开的那列火车是去上海的。(作主语) The book (that/which) you gave me is wonderful. 你以前给我的那本书好极了。(作宾语,可省略) 不同点(Difference) 1.以下情况常用that。 (1)当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时(all, something, anything, nothing, everything, none, any, some, few, little, much, many等)。 Is there anything that I can do for you有什么要我做的事吗 He answered few questions that the teacher asked.他几乎没有回答老师的那些问题。(2)当先行词被every, no, the only, the very, the right, the last, just修饰时。T hat‘s the only thing that we can do now. 目前我们只能这样了。 Those are the very words that he said. 那就是他的原话。 (3)当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 This is the most int eresting book that I’ve had. 这是我拥有的最有趣的书。 The first thing that should be done is to get some food.该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 (4)当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时。 They were talking about the persons and things that they saw in the factory.(5)当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。 China is not the country that it was.中国已经不是过去的中国了。 (6)当在以which开头的疑问句中时。 Which is the car that was made in Beijing 哪辆是在北京制造的车 2.以下情况常用which。

(完整word版)时间状语从句地引导词

时间状语从句的引导词 when, before, after, as, while, till/until, since,whenever 时间状语从句的用法 时间状语从句的引导词所表示的意思不尽相同,要注意把握不同的时间状语从句的引导词所表示的不同时间关系,以及它在具体句子中对应的对应时态、语态等问题。 1. when、as、while引导的时间状语从句分析: (1) when引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”,when既可以指时间段也可指时间点,从句中既可用短暂性动词又可用延续性动词,且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。 注意体会如下例句: I’ll call you when I get there. 我一到那里就给你打电话。 When the wind blows, all the doors rattle. 只要风一吹,这门就吱嘎作响。

When I came home my wife was cooking dinner. 我回家时,妻子在做晚饭。 如果when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同,而从句的谓语又是be动词时,那么从句中的主语和be 可以省略;当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时,往往还可以用“when+分词”的形式替代该状语从句。例如: When (you are) in trouble, ask her for help. 当你遭遇麻烦的时候去向她求助。 When I came into the room (=When coming into the room), I found him lying there asleep. 当我进入房间的时候,我发现他躺在那儿睡着了。 (2) while引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”,它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续地进行,用于这一用法时while引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,或者主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中,主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词,例如 Study while you study; play while you play.

宾语从句的引导词

宾语从句的引导词 一、宾语从句:置于动词、介词等词性后面,在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。宾语从句过”三关“:时态,语序,连词。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序, 谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句,有些形容词(afraid, sure, glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。 二、宾语从句中引导词的用法 在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有: 连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词:who, whose, what ,which 副词:when ,where, how, why 等。 (-)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略) 可跟that从句做宾语的动词有: say, think, in sist, wish, hope, dema nd, imagi ne, won der, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explai n, order, comma nd, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer; request, require, propose, declare, report 等。彳列句:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. (注意事项:当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。) 例句:I don' t think it is right for him to treat you like that? 在以下情况中that不能省略 1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,但后面 的that不可省。 例句:He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you. 2、当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that-般不可省。 仮!1 句:Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap?

表格语从句引导词

表格语从句引导词集团档案编码:[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]

表语从句 连接词:that/whether/asif/asthough 连接代词:who/whom/whose/which/what 连接副词:when/where/why/how/because 1)that在从句中仅起连接作用,无实际意义,在句中不做任何成分,不能省略。 2)whether在表语从句中表是否但不充当句子的成分。if不能引导表语从句.如: 1.Whatthedoctorreallydoubtsis whethe rmymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon. 2.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing. 3)What在表语从句中充当主语宾语表语,表示什么,什么样子,…的人或事. 1.Thequestionis whatcausedtheaccident. 2.Thatmountainisnolonger whatitusedtobe. 3.Whathetoldyouwas what hadbeendiscussedatthemeeting. 4)who在表语从句中充当主语,宾语,表语,表示谁。. 1.Theproblemiswhocoulddothework 2.Mytroubleiswho(whom)Icanturnto. 5)which在引导表语从句时,常充当定语,表语表示哪一个,哪一些。如:Ireadaboutitinsomebookoranother,butwhatIdon’tknowis which(book)itis. 6)由asif,asthough引导表语从句,表示好像。句子中的系动词常用 be,look,appear,seem,sound等。 1.Itlooksasifitwasdoingtorain. 2.Theyoungmanwithlonghairlooksasifhewereagirl. 7)当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用that来引导,而 不能由because引导;because引导表语从句时只能用于It/That/Thisis/wasbecause…句型中. 1.ThereasonwhyIwaslatewasthatImissedthetrain. 2.Iwaslate.It/That/ThiswasbecauseImissedthetrain. 注意:当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备,但是还是要表示疑问含义,可以判断句子中缺少状语,常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导,有why,when,where,how等 Thisishowhedidit. Thatiswhythebrotherswantedtomakeabet. That’swhywe’vegivenyoutheletter. 表语从句引导词注意事项 1.that引导表语从句时不能省. 2.if不能引导表语从句. 3.除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。 4.除that,whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分

ever的用法

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