状语从句总结+练习

状语从句

定义：状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词。状语从句可以分为以下九种。

1、时间状语从句；

2、地点状语从句；

3、原因状语从句；

4、目的状语从句；

5、结果状语从句；

6、条件状语从句；

7、方式状语从句；

8、让步状语从句；

9、比较状语从句

一、时间状语从句

1.常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until, the minute, the moment, every time/each time, by the time, immediately, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when, whenever/no matter when等

e.g. No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.

2. when, while和as

a. when既可以引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂的动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生，也可用于从句动作先于主句动作发生。

e.g. When I arrived home , I had a little rest. When John arrived, I was cooking lunch.

注意：当when引导的时间状语从句为系表结构，而且其主语和主句的主语一致，其表语又是一个名词时，就可以用as引导的省略句来代替

e.g. As a young man (when he was a young man), he was fond of hunting.

b. while引导的动作是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比

e.g. While we were working, they were having a rest.

c. as除了表示“当```的时候”，还可表示为“一面```一面”，“随着”

e.g. He sang as he danced.(一面...一面) You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着)

3. before 在......之前(注意：主将从现)

句型：It is/was (not)+时间+before+从句It will (not) be+时间+before+从句

e.g. It was one year before he finished his work. It will be one year before he finishes his work.

Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. (从句时态晚于主句)

4. by the time 截止......(时间)

时态：从句若是一般现在时，主句用将来完成时；从句若用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。

e.g. By the time you receive this letter, I will have left this city.

By the time I got there, the bus had already left.

5. as soon as, immediately, instantly, the moment, the minute, no sooner...than..., hardly/ scarcely... when..., once 等一......就表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生.

e.g. The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.

He will be set free as soon as the fine is paid. (主将从现)

注意：no sooner... than...和hardly/ scarcely...when引导的句子，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时；主句还可以用倒装语序

e.g. I had hardly got home when it began to rain. Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.

6. till, until和not...until

a. 肯定句：主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”

e.g. He remained there till/ until she arrived. 他在那儿一直等到她来。

b.否定句：主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”

e.g. He won’t go to bed till/ until she returns.

c. till不可以置于句首，而until可以

e.g. Until you told me I had no idea of it.

d. not until…在句首，主句用倒装

e.g. It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.

7. It is +一段时间+since从句，句意取决于从句的谓语动词是否可延续

e.g. It is three years since the war broke out. 自战争爆发以来有三年了。

It is three years since I smoked a cigar.我不吸烟有三年了。

It is three years since I began to smoke.我吸烟有三年了。

(延续性动词意为否定句，非延续性动词意为肯定句)

二、地点状语从句

从属连词：where, wherever

1.指具体地点时，从句可用于主句之前或之后；表示抽象条件的含义时，从句须放在主句之前

e.g. We should go where the Party needs us most.

Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。

2. where引导定语从句和状语从句

e.g. You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.

You’d better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.

三、原因状语从句

常用引导词：because, since, as 特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, considering that,

1. because回答why的疑问句, 表示直接原因，语气最重；并且强调句中，对原因状语强调时，只能用because 引导，

e.g. It was because I got up late that I was late for class.

2. as语气比because弱, 双方都知道的原因

e.g. As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.

3. since/now that表双方都知道的原因，总是位于主句前

e.g. Since/ Now that everybody is here, let’s begin our class.

4. for引导的从句只能放在主句之后，且常常用逗号隔开。

e.g. I went to see him, for I had something to tell him.

5. seeing that 鉴于,因为；considering that 考虑到，鉴于

e.g. She knows quite a lot about it, considering that she is very young.

四、目的状语从句

常用引导词：so that, in order that, lest, in case, for fear that

1. in order that, so that 以便......，为了...... (需用情态动词)

e.g. I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me.

In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.

(注意：in order that可以置于主句之前或之后，so that只能置于主句之后)

2. for fear that 害怕/担心发生某事；in case 以防(万一)发生某种情况

e.g. Mary didn’t want to get out of bed for fear that she might wake her baby up.

Take your raincoat in case/ lest it should rain.

五、结果状语从句

1.常用引导词：so that, so… that, such … that

句型：so+形容词/副词+that从句

so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数形式+that从句

so+many/few/much(多)/little(少)+名词+that从句

e.g. He was so ill that we had to send for a doctor. =So ill was he that we had to send for a doctor. (倒装)

It was so interesting a film that I saw it twice. =It was such an interesting film that I saw it twice.

He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family.

句型：such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+that从句

such+形容词+可数名词复数形式/不可数名词+that从句

such+a lot of/ lots of+名词+that从句

e.g. This is such a useful dictionary that I’m thinking of buying it.

They are such difficult problems that I don’t know how to settle them.

★注意：Such a little(小) boy has so little(少) difficulty in working out this difficult problem that I admire him very much.

It is not surprising that such little worms eat so little grain.

2. too...to...太......而不能；enough to...达到某种程度可以; so...as to...那么......以至于

e.g. He didn’t get up early enough to catch the bus.

=He got up too late to catch the bus. =He got up so late as to miss the bus.

六、条件状语从句

常用引导词：if, unless, as/so long as, providing/provided that, supposing that, on condition that （主将从现）

e.g. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll start.

You will certainly succeed as long as you keep on trying.

Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.

七、方式状语从句

常用引导词：as, as if, as though, just as; 特殊引导词：the way

1. as 依照......，像......一样

e.g. He must do as the doctor advises.

2. just as 正如......

e.g. I did it just as you told me.

3. as if, as though 似乎，好像

e.g. I love you as if you were my daughter. (虚拟) It looks as if it’s going to rain.(可能是事实)

4.不用连词引导

e.g. He is behaving (in) the same way his father used to.

八、让步状语从句

常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though

特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首)，no matter …，in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever

1. although, though 虽然，可与yet, still连用，不能与but连用

e.g. Although/ though he was a child, he knew what was the right thing to do.

2. as, though引导让步状语从句可倒装

从句中的表语、状语或谓语动词原形置于句首；若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词

e.g. Child though/as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.

Much as/though I like it, I won’t buy it, for it’s too expensive.

3. even if, even though 即使，尽管

e.g. Even if I were ill, I would attend the meeting. (虚拟)

Even if I am ill, I will attend the meeting. (陈述语气)

4. no matter+疑问词，疑问词-ever 无论......, 不管......都......

e.g. No matter who you are, you must keep the law.

Whoever you are, you must keep the law.

九、比较状语从句

常用引导词：as...as, not so/as...as, more...than, the most...in/of..., etc.

e.g. This film is more moving than that one.

She is as bad-tempered as her mother.

1. no+形容词/副词比较级+than (与......一样不)

not+形容词/副词比较级+than (不像/不如......一样)

e.g. She is no more diligent than her sisters.她们姐妹几个都不勤奋。

She is not more diligent than her sisters.她不如她的几个姐妹勤奋。

2. A is to B what /as X is to Y

e.g. Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。

3. 倍数的常用句型

A+基数词+times as+形容词/副词原级+as+B (A是B的几倍)

A+基数词+times +名词/代词+of+B (A是B的几倍)

A+基数词+times +比较级+than+B (A比B大、小、长......几倍)

e.g. This room is three times as large as that one.

The age of my grandpa is four times the age of mine.

The hole is five times deeper than that one.

4. no more than+基数词(只不过，仅仅，只有)

not more than+基数词(至多，不超过)

e.g. I spent no more than five days reading the book.仅仅用了五天，我就把这本书读完了。

I spent not more than five days reading the book.我用了不到五天的时间就把这本书读完了。

【状语从句·高考真题练习】

1.(2011·江西)Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _____ it is convenient to you．A．whenever B．however C．whichever D．wherever

答案【A】考查状语从句。句中this afternoon指时间,所以or _____ it is convenient to you．也指时间。故选择A。

2. （2011·辽宁卷）No matter how , it is not necessarily lifeless．

A．a desert may be dry B．dry a desert may be C．may a desert be dry D．dry may a desert be

答案【D】考查状语从句。No matter how修饰形容词，并且从句倒装，所以选择D。

3. （2011·全国新课标卷）Try she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open．

A．if B．when C．since D．as

答案【D】考查状语从句。As引导让步状语从句倒装，所以选择D。

4. （2011·福建卷）It was April 29,2011 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony．A．that B．when C．since D．before

答案【B】考查状语从句。主句It was April 29,2011后是时间状语从句。所以选择B。

5. (10福建）The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.

A. before

B. until

C. as

D. since

答案：A

6. （10上海）our manage objects to Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member.

A. Until

B. Unless

C. If

D. After

答案：B

7. (10安徽)The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _____they have the interest.

A. wherever

B. whenever

C. even if

D. as if

答案：C.

8. . Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a larger one _______it becomes available

A. as soon as

B. unless

C. as far as

D. until

答案：A.

9.（10江西）— Our holiday cost a lot of money.

—Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter______ you enjoyed yourselves.

A. as long as

B. unless

C. as soon as

D. though

答案：A

10.（10全国Ⅰ）Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal .

A. so that

B. although

C. while

D. as if

答案：C

11. The little boy won’t go to sleep ______ his mother tells him a story.

A. or

B. unless

C. but

D. whether

答案：B

12.（10辽宁）The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _______ he wanted to sit next to his wife. A．although B．unless C．because D．if

答案：C

13.（10辽宁）—It’s no use having id eas only . —Don’t worry. Peter can show you ________to turn an idea into an act.

A. how

B. who

C. what

D. where

答案：A

14.（10北京）they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.

A. As

B. While

C. Until

D. Once

答案：D

15.（2011·天津卷）regular exercise is very important．It’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime．【C】

A．It B．As C．Although D．Unless

16.（2011·江西卷）29．Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _____ it is convenient to you．【A】

A．whenever B．however C．whichever D．wherever

17.（2011·四川卷）4．Frank insisted that he was not asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up．【B】

A．whether B．although C．for D．so

18.（2011·北京卷）volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball．【D】

A．Since B．Once C．Unless D．While

19.（2011·四川卷）As it reported, it is 100 years _______ Tsinghua University was founded．【D】

A．when B．before C．after D．since

20.（2011·全国II）It was a nice meal,______ a little expensive．【A】

A．though B．whether C．as D．since

21.（2011·陕西卷）________all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post．【B】

A．Since B．While C．If D．As

22.（2011·辽宁卷）25．No matter how , it is not necessarily lifeless．【D】

A. a desert may be dry

B. dry a desert may be

C. may a desert be dry

D. dry may a desert be

23.（2011·辽宁卷）29．He had no sooner finished his speech the students started cheering．【D】

A. since

B. as

C. when

D. than

24.（2011·全国新课标卷）22．Try she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open．【D】

A. if

B. when

C. since

D. as

25. （2011·浙江卷）One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away __ my daughter beard cries for help 【D】

A．after B．while C．since D．when

26.（2011·湖南卷）33 Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him ____ he had done something very clever．【A】

A．as if B．in case C．while D．though

27.（2011·山东卷）28．He had his camera ready ______he saw something that would make a good picture．【C】

A．even if B．if only C．in case D．so that

28.（2011·重庆卷）30．To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off we are to shake hands with．【C】

A．whichever B．whenever C．whoever D．wherever

状语从句归纳总结.doc

状语从句归纳总结：（as用法） 一、时间状语从句： 1、连接词when、while、as ⑴when ①正当…时候be about to …ving… ②从句动词先于或后于主语动作 ⑵while: 可表示对比（从句只用连续性动词） ⑶as: “一边一边”“随着” 省略句中: eg: As time goes on…随着时间的推移 As a boy,hewao hopeless at English. 2、before,after before常用句型:It is/was/will be…before eg: It will be 5 years before we meet again. 3、till，until ①用于肯定句中“直到…为止”，主句谓语为持续性动词 ②用于否定句中“直到…才”，主句谓语为短暂性动词（until,till可用before代替） ③Not until位于句首倒装 ④强调句型只用until 二、地点状语从句:where,wherever,everywhere 也可引导定语从句： 状语从句：We shall go where the condition are poor. 定语从句：We shall go the place where the condition are poor. 三、原因状语从句 1、because\since\as ⑴①用why提问 ②强调句中 ③关联词“not…but” ④与“just”等副词连用eg:You shouldn’t any only because you had much. ⑵since引导从句常放句首，往往表示对方已知的让步原因关系，主从时态一般相同 ⑶as从句放句首 2、now(that) 既然 3、considering that,seeing (that):与since,now that意相近: “鉴于…”“考虑到…” 4、not that…,but that…“不是因为…而是因为…” 四、目的状语从句 1、that,so that,in order that“为了，以便” ⑴从句中往往出现情态动词：can\could\may\might ⑵当主从句的主语一致时，可转换为相应动词不定式结构：so as to\in order to 2、in case,for fear that,lest“以防、以免、万一..”从句是肯定句 五、结果状语从句 1、so,that,so that

专项训练状语从句练习题

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