听力教程 施心远 第四册

听力教程第四册

Unit 1 (1)

Unit 1 Part 1: Listening and Translation (1)

Section 2 Listening Comprehension (1)

Part 2 Passage: Community Colleges (3)

Unit 2 (7)

Part 1: Listening and Translation (7)

Part 2 Passage (8)

Unit 3 (10)

Part 1: Listening and Translation (10)

Part 1 Dialogue (10)

UNIT 4 (14)

Part 2 Passage Emily Davison (16)

Unit 5 (19)

Part 1 Dialogue The Bank Manager (19)

Part 2 Passage Stock Market (20)

Unit 1

Unit 1 Part 1: Listening and Translation

1. A college education can be very costly in the United States. 在美国

贵。

2. Rising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay for college. 费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。

3. There are different federal loans and private loans for students. 有各种个样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。

4. Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1st. 在这些贷款品种中

的利率将从7 月1 日起上调。

5. There are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt. 人们越来越担心

Section 2 Listening Comprehension

Part 1 Dialogue: Social Grouping

1.A

2.C

3.D

4.C

5.B

6.C

7.B

8.A

Interview: Right. You?re talking about social groupings here, could you tell us something about the ways animals form into groups?

Nike Down: Yes, er many, many animals are very solitary animals; the only times they get

together is when they mate or when they're bringing up their young. The majority of animals are solitary, but a very significant group of mammals and insects, like ants and termites, bees and wasps are very social and they group together because in a group it's much safer: you can defend yourself more easily if you're in a group, you can find mates more easily if you're in a group, and you can change the world around you by working with the others if you live in a group. Solitary animals have a much more difficult time in many ways.

Interview: You mentioned lions and other carnivore earlier on. Do they group very much?

Nike Down: Yes. Most cats in fact don…t group. Er, lions and, to a lesser extent, cheetahs are the only cats that group together. A group of lions is called a pride--and you might get anything up to fifteen or twenty lions in a pride. A pride of lions would have perhaps two or three males, perhaps a dozen females, and then the cubs. But the real lion group consists of females with their cubs. The males tend to stay for a few years and then they get kicked out by a group of younger males that comes in and take over.

Interview: And how about the apes?

Nike Down: Ah, well, now you're talking about the group of animals that we belong to. Apes -- some apes -- live in very, very big and complicated social groups. Not all. Orangutans, for example, big apes that live in Indonesia and Malaysia -- they're very solitary and one adult may meet another adult only once every two or three years, when a male and a female mate, and then, the only relationship then will be between a mother and her baby. The baby will stay with the mother for two or three years, four years, five years even, learning from the mother, learning what sorts of foods to eat, what the signs of danger are, and then when the baby grows up, off it'll go, and live its own, solitary life. The reason why orangutans are solitary is because there's not very much food in a forest and if there was a big group of orangutans, all the food would just run out. But, leaving Asia and going to Africa, then you find very social apes. Now, gorillas, for example. Gorillas live in unimale groups. They used to be called harems, but the technical term is unimale because there's one male within the group; one male, and then around him will be anything up to six, seven, eight, nine females, plus all the babies. And that one male in the group is the silverback gorilla, and he's much bigger and stronger than the others. He's got silvery fur on his back and the others won't challenge him and he'll lead the group slowly through the forest, settling down every night and moving on the next day, finding food. So that's a unimale group. But if you move a little bit further west, into West Africa, you'll start to come across chimpanzees. Now they're a bit smaller than gorillas; they spend a lot of time in the trees, whereas gorillas are down on the ground and chimpanzees are much more closely related to us than they are to gorillas They're our closest living relatives. Now chimps live in multimale groups; in other words you'll get, oh, anything up to six, seven, eight males, hen you'll get two or three times that number of females, a dozen, two dozen females, plus all the youngsters, so we're talking about groups that can be as big as forty or fifty of even sixty. Now, a chimpanzee group--multimale group-- is a very flexible type of group: it constantly splits into smaller groups, off they go for a few days, back they come, reform, break up again and within that group the males tend to hang around the outside, protecting the group, fighting off rival males that might want to come in and mate with the females, but they tend to

come and go to some extent The on-going core of the chimpanzee group consists of females with their young, and sometimes sisters will actually work together to bring up their young collectively. Yes, so apes are very, very social animals indeed.

Part 1 Dialogue: Social Grouping

1.A

2.C

3.D

4.C

5.B

6.C

7.B

8.A

Part 2 Passage: Community Colleges

Great challenges faced the United States in the early 20th century, including global economic competition. National and local leaders realized that a more skilled workforce was key to the country's continued economic strength - a need that called for a dramatic increase in college attendance - yet three-quarters of high school graduates were choosing not to further their education, in part because they were reluctant to leave home for a distant college. During the same period, the country's rapidly growing public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities. It was common for them to add a teacher institute, manual learning (vocational education) division or citizenship school to the diploma program. The high school-based community college, as first developed at Central High School in Joliet, Ill. was the most successful type of addition. Meanwhile, small, private colleges such as Indiana?s Vincennes University had fashioned an effective model of higher education grounded on the principles of small classes, close student-faculty relations and a program that included both academics and extracurricular activities. From the combination of these traditions emerged the earliest community colleges, roughly balanced in number between private and public control but united in their commitment to meet local needs. The typical early community college was small, rarely enrolling more than 150 students. It nevertheless offered a program of solid academics as well as a variety of student activities. Fort Scott Junior College in Kansas, for example, not only fielded several athletic teams but also supported a student newspaper, government, thespian society and orchestra. A distinctive feature of the institutions was their accessibility to women, attributable to the leading role the colleges played in preparing grammar school teachers. In such states as Missouri, which did not yet require K-8 teachers to have a bachelor's degree, it was common for more than 60 percent of community college students to be women, virtually all of them preparing to be teachers. Community colleges are centers of educational opportunity. More than 100 years ago, this unique, American invention put publicly funded higher education at close-to-home facilities and initiated a practice of welcoming all who desire to learn, regardless of wealth, heritage or previous academic experience. Today, the community college continues the process of making higher education available to a maximum number of people at 1,166 public and independent community colleges. The breadth of programming and variety of students?goal make it difficult to accurately quantify community college performance. Unlike 4-year colleges, where attainment of a bachelor?s degree is the implicit goal of students, community college students do not share a common goal beyond self-improvement. Research shows that education

pays. Students who complete associate degrees and certificates are more likely to move into higher-status management and professional positions with higher earnings. An investment of a few thousand dollars now will likely pay lifelong dividends, as students who earn associate degrees average lifetime earnings of more than $250,000 to $400,000 more than people without degrees. But success at community colleges must be broadly to include not just those who attain associate degrees and those who earn certificates, but also the millions who take noncredit and workforce training classes.

B: Sentence Dictation

1.Great challenges faced the United States in the early 20th century, including global economic competition.

2.During the same period, the country's rapidly growing public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities.

3.It offered a program of solid academics as well as a variety of student activities.

4.A distinctive feature of the institutions was their accessibility to women, attributable to the leading role the colleges played in preparing grammar school teachers。

5.The breadth of programming and variety of students?goal make it difficult to accurately quantify community college performance.

Exercise C Detailed Listening

1. F National and local leaders realized that a more skilled workforce was key to the country's

continued economic strength.

2. F Yet three-quarters of high school graduates were choosing not to further their education, in part because they were reluctant to leave home for a distant college.

3. T During the same period, …public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities. It was common for them to add a teacher institute, manual learning (vocational education) division or citizenship school to the diploma program.

4. T (Meanwhile, small, private colleges had fashioned an effective model of higher education grounded on the principles of small classes, close student-faculty relations…)

5. F (The typical early community college was small, rarely enrolling more than 150 students.)

6. T (In such states as Missouri, which did not yet require K-8 teachers to have a bachelor's degree, it was common for more than 60 percent of community college students to be women, virtually all of them preparing to be teachers.)

7. T (More than 100 years ago, this unique, American invention put publicly funded higher education at close-to-home facilities and initiated a practice of welcoming all who desire to learn,

regardless of wealth, heritage or previous academic experience.)

8. F (But success at community colleges must be broadly to include not just those who attain associate degrees and those who earn certificates, but also the millions who take noncredit and workforce training classes.)

Make a plan, set out a latest plan for ambitious space program

News Item 1

Exercise A

China’s ambitious space program

Exercise B

1. The remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia

2.prestige

Time:2007

Goal: The astronauts will attempt a space walk

Capability to rendezvous and dock with other spacecraft.

News Item 2

pipeline

Exercise A

Russian President Putin’s visit to Japan and the competition between China and Japan over access to new energy supplies.

Russia gas installation

From Siberia

Access to new energy supplies

News Item 3

Exercise A

Razor blades

Sino-African trade

Section Four

Part 1 Feature Report

Exercise A

Forgo a chance

Healthful food, activities, workersX

Healthy workers

Health workers

Non-profit profitless

Glory, glorious, glorify violence

Obesity

attention-deficit-disorder

melody

Malady maladies

Take root

Catch fire

i

1.China’s large and growing trade with and aid to Africa

With Chinese aid money

12 billion dollars, trillion

Challenge the post-colonial links between Europe and Africa

To cancel debts, grant duty-free access into China for African products and increase Chinese here than it did four years ago.

1.David Green saw earning a degree in management-information systems as the key to making a decent living.

2.The problem for many Wright State students is that “affordable” is becoming a relative term in public higher education.

3.After several consecutive years of double-digit or near-double-digit tuition increases, it costs nearly 50% more for in-state undergraduates to enroll here than it did four years ago.

4.Most of the other students here seemed quietly resigned to covering the rising costs any way they could，often at the expense of their studies.

5. Tuition increases jeopardize the “heart-and-soul mission” of Wright State, which is to provide people from modest backgrounds “ a ticket up and out”.

They should have a wide variety of experiences, such as inter

Unit 2

Part 1: Listening and Translation

1. Some people fear they do not get enough vitamins from the foods they eat. 一些人担心他们并未从所吃的食物中获取足够的维生素。

2. So they take products with large amounts of vitamins. 因此他们服用大量的维生素制剂。

3. They think these vitamin supplements will improve their health and protect against disease. 他们认为这些维生素制剂能够增进健康、预防疾病。

4. Medical experts found little evidence that most supplements do anything to protect or improve health. 医学专家没有发现多少能证明这些制剂中的绝大多数能保障或增进健康的证明。

5. But they noted that some do help to prevent disease. 但是他们注意到期中一些确实有助于预防疾病。

disorder

disorganize

people are admitted to hospitals

staggering

hereditary

vulnerability vulnerable

psychoses neuroses personality disorders

days lost

4) expenditure

Different fronts

Part 2 Passage

I Couldn't Stop Dieting Ex. B:

Sentence Dictation

1. After five years of marriage, Stan would leave me. I’d be alone with my scale, my exercise, and my calorie-counting.

2. Several months after our wedding, as I was striving to be the “perfect” wife, the anorex ia reemerged.

3. As much as I wanted to please my husband by maintaining a healthy weight, exercise and food restriction had become my sole means of coping with stress.

4. Slowly, I became convinced that only I myself had the power to transform my heart and life.

5. Transparent honesty was the first step, and I’ve learned that I’ll be accepted for who I am by my husband.

Reveal the whole truth

Gaunt face

Strive, striving

Ex. C: Detailed Listening.

1. T. I’m solely responsible for the destruction of my marriage.

2. T. Stan and I had met 10 years earlier while teaching at the same Christian high school.

3. F. I’d been frighteningly thin, but Stan had ignored my emaciated appearance.

4. F. My counselor assured me that I’d progressed to the point of no longer needing therapy.

5. T. Though I’d prepared hearty meals for Stan, I carefully restricted what I ate, panicking any time I hadn’t exercised “enough”. Stan’s career change only added to the stress.

6. T. The anorexia gave me a twisted sense of control over my life.

7. T. Whenever Stan and I would have a conflict, I’d add minutes onto my daily workout, or skip

a meal.

8. T. We continued counseling sessions, and I learned gradually to see my anorexia in a new light—as the scar from a painful childhood that led to the fear I’d never be loved for who I was.

Section Three

News Item 1

Exercise A

This news item is about a meeting in Hong Kong trying to reach a new agreement on global trade.

subsidies

sell their produce product

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f25784366.html, the date

4. 2010 2013

5.trying to be accommodating

News Item 2

Exercise A. a new gathering of leaders from East Asia and the Pacific Rim

Rival the EU and North American free trade area.

Kuala Lumpur

Running overtime

A last-minute attempt

Saudi Arabia

Cutting emissions of greenhouse gases

Flat wrong

Hurt the American economy

Unit 3

Part 1: Listening and Translation

1.Girls score higher than boys in almost every country. 几乎在所有国家里女孩子都比男孩子得分高。

2. Differences between males and females are a continuing issue of fierce debate. 男女差异一直是激烈争论的焦点。

3. Cultural and economic influences play an important part. 文化和经济影响起着重要的作用。

4. But recent findings suggest that the answer may lie in differences between the male and female brain. 但是最新的发现提示,

5. These include differences in learning rates. 这些包括学习速度上的差异。

Part 1 Dialogue

Exercise: Serenading Service was founded three years ago when the singer realize that British

people were desperate for romance with a capital “R”. He thought there would be a clientele for a hired serenader. The idea came from his studies of Renaissance music, which is full of serenades. Over the centuries, university students have turned the serenade into an art form for hire. Usually he is hired by men to sing love songs to women. Occasionally he is asked to sing to men.

The service is really a form of intimate alfresco theatre with love songs. He usually wears a white tie and tails and sings amorous Italian songs. He will carry chocolate hearts or flowers and when there is no balcony available he will sing from trees or fire escapes! The fee depends on whether a musician comes along or not. The basic rate is ￡450 but it can cost a lot more especially if he takes a gondola and a group of musicians along. Some people are so moved that they burst into tears, but some react badly. They try to find out as much as they can about their clients to avoid unpleasant situations. They have to be very careful these days because a serenade can be completely misinterpreted.

Part 2 Passage Ex. A. Pre-listening Question What memory strategies do you know that can help you remember things better?

1) Brain prioritizes by meaning, value and relevance.

2) Your attitude has much to do with whether you remember something or not.

3) Your understanding of new materials depends on what you already know.

4) You can learn and remember better if you can group ideas into some sort of meaningful categories or groups.

5) The brain's quickest and probably the longest-lasting response is to images.

6) Memory is increased when facts to be learned are consciously associated with something familiar to you.

Ex. B: Sentence Dictation

1.Mnemonics are methods for remembering information that is otherwise quite difficult to recall.

2. Our brains evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli such as images, colors, structures, sounds, smells, tastes, touch, positions, emotions and language.

3. While language is one of the most important aspects of human evolution, it is only one of the many skills and resources available to our minds.

4. Association is the method by which you link a thing to be remembered to a way of remembering it.

5. Location gives you two things: a coherent context into which you can place information, and a way of separating one mnemonic from another.

Ex. C: Detailed Listening.

1. T. (Memory tools can help you to improve your memory. "Mnemonic" is another word for memory tool.)

2. T (The basic principle of mnemonics is to use as many of the best functions of your brain as possible to store information.)

3. F (Unfortunately information we have to remember is almost always presented in only one way--as words printed on a page.)

4. T ( Use positive, pleasant images; use vivid, colorful, sense-laden images; use all your senses to code information or dress up an image; give our image three dimensions, movement and space.)

5. F (There are three fundamental principles underlying the use of mnemonics: imagination, association and location)

6. F (Imagination is what you use to create and strengthen the associations needed to create effective mnemonics.)

7. T (The imagery you use in your mnemonics can be as violent, vivid, or sensual as you like, as long as it help you to remember.)

8. T. (You can create associations by linking them using the same color, smell, shape, or feeling.)

News item 1

This news item is about Asian countries’ reactions to the Japanese Prime Minister’s annual visits to the Yasukuni Shrine

Controversial

Leading voice

Growing isolation

Out of courtesy

News item 2

This news item is about the talks between three European Union countries and Iran to find a basis for resuming negotiations over Iran’s nuclear program.

Iranian representatives

Diminished hopes

defusing

prospects for a compromise

enough common grounds

News item 3

European

Withdrawal slip

Exercise A: European Union foreign ministers ‘meeting in Brussels, which is expected to give formal approval to the EU’s new mission to monitor the border between Gaza Strip and Egypt.

UNIT 4

Part 1: Listening and Translation

1. Clara Barton made a big difference in many lives. 克拉拉·巴顿极大地改变了许多人的生活。

2. She went to the fields of battle to nurse the wounded. 她前往战场护理伤员。

3. She wrote letters in support of an American Red Cross organization. 她写信支持建立美国红十字会组织。

4. The United States Congress signed the World's Treaty of the International Red Cross. 美国国会签署了国际红十字公约。

5. Today her work continues to be important to thousands of people in trouble. 今天

作对于成千上万遭遇困难的人来说仍然很重要。

Part 1 Dialogue: How to Be a Good Interviewer

Interviewer: With all your experience of interviewing, Michael, how can you tell if somebody is going to make a good interviewer?

Parkinson: Oh, I say, what a question! I’ve never been asked that before. Urn, I think that the prerequisite obviously is curiosity. I think that’s the, er, a natural one, not an assumed one. I think the people who have, um, done my job—and the graveyard of the BBC is littered with them, their tombstones are there, you know—who failed to have been because basically they’ve not been journalists. Um, my training was in journalism. I’ve been 26 years a journalist and er, to be a journalist argues that you like meeting people to start with, and also you want to find out about them. So that’s the prerequisite. After that, I think there’s something else that comes into it, into play, and I think, again, most successful journalists have it—it’s a curious kind of affinity with people, it’s an ability to get on with people, it’s a kind of body warmth, if you like. If you knew the secret of it and could bottle it and sell it, you’d make a fortune.

Interviewer: When you’ve done an interview yourself, how do you feel whether it’s been a good

interview or not a good interview?

Parkinson: I can never really tell, er, on air. I have to watch it back, because television depends so much on your director getting the right shot, the right reaction. You can’t; it’s amazing. Sometimes I think “Oh, that’s a boring interview” and just because of the way my director shot it, and shot reaction, he’s composed a picture that’s made it far more interesting than it actually was.

Interviewer: How do you bring out the best in people, because you always seem to manage to, not only relax them, but somehow get right into the depths of them.

Parkinson: By research, by knowing, when you go into a television studio, more about the guest in front you than they’ve forgotten about themselves. And, I mean that’s pure research. I mean, you probably use…in a 20-minute interview, I probably use a 20th of the research material that I’ve absorbed, but that’s what you’re gonna have to do. I mean I once interviewed Robert Mitchum for 75 minutes and the longes t reply I got from him was “yes”. And that…that’s the only time I’ve used every ounce of research and every question that I’d ever thought of, and a few that I hadn’t thought of as well. But that really is the answer—it’s research. When people say it to yo u, you know, “Oh you go out and wing it, I mean that’s nonsense. If anybody ever tries to tell you that as an interviewer just starting, that you wing it, there’s no such thing. It’s all preparation; it’s knowing exactly what you’re going to do at any given point and knowing what you want from the person.

Interviewer: And does that include sticking to written questions or do you deviate?

Parkinson: No, I mean what you do is you have an aide memoir. I have, my…my list of questions aren’t questions as such, they’re areas that I block out, and indeed, I can’t remember, I can’t recall, apart from the aforesaid Mr. Mitchum experience, when I’ve ever stuck to that at all. Because, quite often you’ll find that they spin off into areas that you’ve not really thought about and perhaps it’s worth pursuing sometimes. The job is very much like, actually, traffic cop; you’re like you’re on. point duty and you’re…you know, you’re directing the flow of traffic when you’re directing the flow of conversation. That’s basically what you’re doing, when you’re doing a talk-show, in my view.

Interviewer: Have you got a last word of encouragement for any young people setting out on what they’d like to be a career as an interviewer?

Parkinson: I, I, envy them, I mean, I really do. I mean I’d go back and do it all again. I think it’s the most perfect job for any young person who’s got talent and ambition and energy. And the nice thing about it is that the proportion of talent is only five percent; the other 95 percent is energy and no examinations to pass. I’d love to do it over again.

1.A

2. D

3. C

4. D

5. A

6.B

7. D

8. A

9. D 10. A 11. C

Part 2 Passage Emily Davison

Ex. B: Sentence Dictation 1. So dearly did she love women that she offered her life as their ransom.

2. Emily found work as a school teacher and eventually she raised enough money to return to university education.

3. In 1909, Emily gave up full-time teaching so that she could devote more of her time to the WSPU.

4. The scale of her militant acts increased and in December 1911 she was arrested for setting fire to pillar boxes.

5. Once she had recovered her health, Emily began making plans to commit an act that would give the movement maximum publicity.

Ex. C: Detailed Listening.

1872;

literature;

leave;

find the ￡20-a-term-fees;

1906;

one of the chief stewards;

hand a petition;

March 1909

two months;

stone throwing;

setting fire to pillar boxes

1913;

ran out;

grab the bridle;

hit

fractured her skull;

died

consciousness;

So greatly did she care for freedom that she died for it. So dearly did she love women that she offered her life as their ransom .That is the verdict given at the Great Inquest of the Nation on the death of Emily Wilding Davison.

Emily Davison was born at Blackheath in 1872. Successful at school she won a place at Holloway College to study literature. But two years later she was forced to leave after her recently widowed mother was unable to find the 20-a-term fees. Emily found work as a schoolteacher in Worthing. Eventually she raised enough money to return to university education. After graduating from London University she obtained a post teaching the children of a family in Berkshire. Emily joined the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) in 1906 and in June 1908 she was one of the chief stewards at a WSPU demonstration in London. The following year Emily gave up full-time teaching so that she could devote more of her time to the WSPU. In March1909, Emily was arrested while attempting to hand a petition to the Prime Minister. Emily was found guilty of causing a disturbance and sentenced to one-month imprisonment. In September 1909 she received a sentence of two months for stone throwing. She was released after going on hunger strike. A few days after leaving prison, Emily Davison, Mary Leigh and Constance Lytton were caught throwing stones at a car taking David Lloyd George, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, to a meeting in Newcastle. The women were sentenced to one month’s hard labor. The women went on hunger strike but this time the prison authorities decided to force-feed the women. In an attempt to avoid force-feeding, Emily used prison furniture to barricade the door of her prison cell.

A prison officer climbed a ladder and after forcing the nozzle of a hosepipe through a window, filled up the cell with water. Emily was willing to die, but before the cell had been completely filled with water the door was broken down. The scale of her militant acts increased and in December 1911 she was arrested for setting fire to pillar boxes. She was sentenced to six months and during her spell in prison she went on two hunger strikes. Emily Davison was now convinced that women would not win the vote until the suffragette movement had a martyr. Emily took the decision to draw attention to the suffragette campaign by jumping down an iron staircase. Emily landed on wire netting, 30 feet below. This prevented her death but she suffered severe spinal injuries. Once she had recovered her health, Emily Davison began making plans to commit an act that would give the moment maximum publicity. In June 1913, at the most important race of the

year—the Derby, Emily ran out on the course and attempted to grab the bridle of Anmer, a horse owned by King George V. The horse hit Emily and the impact fractured her skull and she died without regaining consciousness.

Ex. C: Detailed Listening.

1872; literature; leave; find the ￡20-a-term-fees; March 1909; 1906; one of the chief stewards; hand a petition; two months; stone throwing; setting fire to pillar boxes 1913; ran out; grab the bridle; fractured her skull; consciousness died;

News Item 1

This news item is about a series of massive explosions in an oil depot near the town about 40 kilometers north of London.

Sheets of flame and smoke

Were woken up in the early hours

News Item 2

This news item is about a bomb last in the southern Iraqi city of Basra.

News Item 3

This news item is about a group of terrorist suspects arrested last week in Sydney and Melbourne who might have intended to attack a nuclear reactor.

outskirts

outback

1.During his training he became aware that his calling was to convert the pagans to Christianity

2.But two years later, Patrick, having adopted that Christian name earlier, was appointed as second bishop to Ireland.

3. His mission in Ireland lasted for 30 years. After that time, Patrick retired to County Down

4.He died on March 17 in AD 461. That day has been commemorated as St. Patrick’s Day ever since.

5.Though originally a Catholic holy day, St. Patrick’s Day has evolved into more of a secular holiday.

Part 2 Passages

1. C

2.B

3.C

4.D

5.A

6.B 7A. 8D

Unit 5

Part 1: Listening and Translation

1. Stocks, bonds, land--people invest in different things and for different reasons. 股票、债券、土地--人们由于不同原因进行不同的投资。

2. But all investors share the same goal. 但是所有的投资者都有一个共同的目标。

3. They want to get more money out of their investment than they put into it. 他们希望通过投资获得比所有投入的资金更多的货币回报。

4. The money they invest today provides capital for future growth in the economy. 他们今天的投资为将来经济的发展提供了资金。

5. Investors have to decide how much risk they are willing to take and for how long. 投资者必须决定自己愿意在多长的时间范围内承受多大的风险。

Part 1 Dialogue The Bank Manager 1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B

5. C

6. C

7. A

8. C

Part 2 Passage Stock Market:

How it Works Ex. B: Sentence Dictation 1. A wave of selling triggered widespread price declines in stock markets from New York to Australia. The Dow Jones Industrial Average plunged 508 points in the panicked rush to sell. 2. The stock market is the means through which previously issued corporate stocks, shares of ownership in a corporation, are traded. 3. However, the forces influencing the prices of corporate stocks are quite different from those influencing the prices of goods and services. 4. People and organizations who buy and hold stock do so for the incomes they hope to earn. 5. When Black Monday finally reeled to a close, many a portfolio had lost over a fifth of the value it had the day before.

Ex. C: Detailed Listening. 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. D7. C8. C How It Works On Monday, October 19, 1987, a wave of selling triggered widespread price declines in stock markets from New York to Australia. ON that day, now infamous as “Black Monday”, over 600 million shares were traded on the New York Stock Exchange---more than twice the NYSE?s average sales volume. The Dow Jones Industrial Average of the prices of 30 stocks of major US companies lost 22.6 percent of its value on that memorable day, plunging 508 points in the panicked rush to sell. What is the stock market, and how is it affected by the forces of supply and demand? The stock market is the means through which previously issued corporate stocks, shares of ownership in a corporation, are traded. Stock exchanges are organizations whose members act as intermediaries to buy and sell stocks for their clients. About 80 percent of all stock trading in the United States takes place at the New York Stock Exchange. There are other stock exchanges in the United States as well as in Paris, London, Sydney and Tokyo. How are stock prices determined? The answer, as you might expect, is by supply and demand. However, the forces influencing the prices of corporate stocks are quite different from those influencing the prices of goods and services. People and organizations who buy and hold stock do so for the incomes they hope to earn. The incomes depend on dividends paid to stockholders, changes in the incomes they hope to earn. The incomes depend on dividends paid to stockholders, changes in the price of stock over time, and the expected return compared to the return on alternative investments. On any given day in the stock market, there are orders to buy and orders to sell. The orders to buy constitute the quantity of a stock demanded at the current (or anticipated) price per share, while the orders to sell constitute the quantity supplied at that price. The chief influence on both the supply of and demand for stocks is the income potential of holding the stock compared to the income potential of holding alternative assets such as bonds, other types of securities, or real property like buildings and land. On the New York Stock Exchange, trading in all stocks is continuous. A special ist is assigned to oversee trading in each stock. This specialist is a “broker?s broker” who tries to adjust the price of the stock so that quantity demanded equals quantity supplied. However, the specialist is also allowed to purchase the stock to hold as a personal investment if no buyer can be found. In this way the specialist can exert some influence on the supply of and demand for stocks, and will do so if it?s profitable. On October 19, 1987, there were hardly any buy orders, and the markets were flooded with sell orders. Because of the tremendous surplus of stocks at the prevailing prices, specialists and call clerks lowered prices until quantity demanded equaled quantity supplied. When Black Monday finally reeled to a close, many a portfolio had lost over a fifth of the value it had the day before

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听力教程答案施心远— HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】

U n i t1 1.在美国，大学教育的费用会很贵。 2.费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。 3.有各种各样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。 4.在这些贷款品种中，有些品种的利率将从7月1日起上调。 5.人们越来越担心，很多学生将背负沉重的债务从大学毕业。 News Item 1 A: …about China’s ambitious space program. B: 1. Landing spot: in the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia 2. Significance: a source of national pride and international prestige (威望) Future plan 1. 1) Time: 2007 2) Goal: The astronauts will attempt a space walk. 2. Focus of further development: the capability to rendezvous and dock with other spacecraft 3. Recruitment of astronauts: to recruit female astronauts in the near future. News Item 2 There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery. The property* sector* is showing signs of overheating. The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time officials decided to extend tax subsidies* for purchases of small vehicles and appliances suggesting that some here still believe Chinese manufacturers need government support. Growth was strongest in heavy industries such as coal, steel, power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for the first time since February. But the rise was small and probably reflected higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed crops and disrupted transport. A: … about the growth of China’s economy. News Item 3 A: … about China’s large and growing trade with and aid to Africa. B： 1.In many African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese aid money. 2.It is estimated that Sino-African trade, and aid, amounts to as high as 12 billion dollars a year. 3.The links between China and Africa could grow to challenge the post- colonial links between Europe and Africa. 4.On the meeting in Addis Ababa, China promised to cancel debts, grant duty-free access into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.

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Unit Two Section 1 Tactics for Listening Part 1 Phonetics Exercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape~ Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. Woman: Good evening. Man: Good evening. Can you ( 1 ) make up this prescription, please? Woman: Certainly. (2) Would you like to wait? Man: How long (3) will it take? Woman: (4)It'll be ready in twenty minutes. Man: Oh, (5) I'll come back later. Woman: All right, sir, Man: (6) Shall I pay now or later? Woman: (7) Later'll be all right. Part 2 Listening and Note-taking Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and take notes. Exercise B: Use the information from your notes to mark the places and streets mentioned in the conversation on the sketch map. Man: Excuse me. How can I get to the station please? Woman: The station, the station, the station ...let me see. Ah, yes. You can go down ... no. Go straight on until you come to a cinema. Let's see now-- that's the second turn on your right. The cinema's on the corner. Turn right at the cinema and you'll be in Bridge Street. I think it's Bridge Street. Go along Bridge Street for a few minutes and then take the second -- no, not the second, the first, that's fight, the first turning. On your left. The station is straight ahead, right in front of you. Man: So that's second right and first left. Thank you very much. That's very kind of you. Woman: Don't mention it. go up vs. go down Go up上坡，往北，从小地方往大地方（如城市，尤其是首都） Go down下坡，往南，从大地方往小地方（如农村） Go up: 1) go up to a place: go to college, go to the town/capital . He will go up to Cambridge next term. 2) go up to sb.向。。。走去/靠近

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