简明英国文学史问题及答案
Quiz (1)
1.The first settlers of the British Isles were Celt, and Britain got its name from a branch of this
people called Briton. But later they were driven to live in Scotland, Wales and Ireland.
不列颠群岛的第一批定居者是凯尔特人，Britain的叫法则就是来源于他们的一个叫做Briton（不列颠人）的分支。但后来他们被驱赶到苏格兰，威尔士和爱尔兰居住。
2.The Angles, Saxons and Jutes were Germanic tribes originally living on the Continent. They
moved to the British Isles and became the ancestors of the English people.
盎格鲁人、撒克逊人和朱特人是最初居住在大陆的日耳曼部落。他们搬到不列颠群岛，成为英国人的祖先。
3.The most important event of the Old English Period was Norman Conquest, which took
place in the year 1066.
古英语时期最重要的事件是1006年发生的诺尔曼征服。
4.The Roman Catholic Church sent St. Augustine to England in 597 to convert the English
people to Catholicism.
罗马天主教会于597年将圣奥古斯丁派遣到英格兰，使英国人皈依天主教。。
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fe7344205.html, two poems of this period apart from Beowulf: Widsith, and The Seafarer.
请列出这段时期的除了《贝奥武夫》两首诗：Widsith(威德西斯)和The Seafarer(水手) 6.Beowulf is an epic of Alliterative lines, and it tells the events that took place on the
Continent before they moved to the British Isles.
贝奥武甫（Beowulf）是一首头韵体裁的史诗，它讲述了在大陆迁移到不列颠群岛之前发生的事件。
7.After the Anglo-Saxon English took in loan words from French and Latin and lost most of its
feclions and many of its grammar rules, it was called Middle English.
盎格鲁- 撒克逊英语在使用法语和拉丁语的借词之后，失去了大部分的功能和许多语法规则，这就是所谓的中古英语。
8.Romance can be divided into three kinds according to subject matter. They are Matter of
France, Matter of Rome, Matter of Britain.
罗曼史可以根据题材分为三种。他们是法国题材，罗马题材和英国题材。
9.Romances of the English subject are tales about King Arthur and his Round-Table Knights.
英国题材的传奇故事是关于亚瑟国王及其圆桌骑士的故事。
10.John Wyclif was a translator of The Bible, William Langland wrote Piers Plowman and the
most famous English ballads are those about Robin Hood.
约翰·威克利夫是《圣经》的翻译者。，威廉·兰格伦写的《皮尔斯·普洛曼》，最著名的是那些关于罗宾汉的英语歌谣。
Quiz (2)
1.Henry VIII broke away from the Roman Catholic Church and established the Church of
England (the Anglican Church).
亨利八世脱离罗马天主教会，建立了英格兰教会（圣公会教堂）。
2.It was Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard who introduced Italian sonnets into England.
托马斯怀亚特和亨利·霍华德把意大利十四行诗引入英国。
3.Thomas More’s famous line in Utopia that exposes the calamities of the Enclosure
Movement is sheep devouring men.
托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More）在乌托邦（Utopia）里著名的一句揭露圈地运动灾难性
的话是：羊吃人（sheep devouring men）。
4.Faerie Queene was planned for 12 books, each standing for one moral principle, but only six
books were finished centering on the following six virtues: Chastity, Temperance, Truth, Justice, Friendship and Courtesy.
《仙后》(The Faerie Queene, 1589-1596) 原计划12本书里每一本代表一个道德原则，但只有六本书完成并且围绕着以下六个优点：贞节，节制，真理，正义，友谊和礼节。
5.Philip Sidney’s essay on poetry is called The Defence of Poesy, John Lyly’s prose romance has
a main character Euphues, whose name is afterward responsible for an expression in the
dictionary to represent a style of speech; Thomas Lodge is mainly remembered today for his prose romance Rosalynde, Thomas Nashe is believed to have joined Marlowe in writing Dido, Queene of Carthage, and Robert Greene is connected with Shakespeare for attacking the later in one of his pamphlets as a(n) upstart.
菲利普·西德尼（Philip Sidney）关于散文诗称为“诗歌守护者。约翰·李利的散文爱情故事”（The Defence of Poesy）具有尤弗伊斯体的特征，这个名字后来在字典中用来表示一种讲话风格。直至今日托马斯·洛奇凭借他的散文爱情故事而被记住，托马斯·纳什被认为与马洛一起编写《迦太基女王戴朵》，罗伯特·格林与莎士比亚有关联，因为他在一本小册子中作为一个暴发户攻击了后来者。
6.Christopher Marlowe used blank verse to write his plays and two of his important plays are
Tamberlaine, and the Great.
克里斯托弗·马洛用无韵诗写他的戏剧，他的两个重要的戏剧Tamberlaine和the great。
7.Francis Bacon’s works are expressions of his thought on practical science, and his prose style
is best represented in an essay called “On Study”.
弗朗西斯·培根的作品体现了他的实学思想，他的散文风格在《论读书》一书中得到了最好的体现。
8.Ben Jonson’s masterpiece is a comedy of humours called Volpone, and he was made poet
laureate in 1616.
本琼森的杰作是一部名为狐坡尼（Volpone）的喜剧小说，并于1616年成为诗人桂冠。
9.List any three of Shakespeare’s comedies: A Mid-Summer Night’s Dream,As You Like It and
The Twelfth Night.
列出任意三个莎士比亚的喜剧:《仲夏夜之梦》,《皆大欢喜》,《第十二夜》。
10.The four great tragedies by Shakespeare are Hamlet, King Lear, Macbeth, and Othello.
莎士比亚的四大悲剧是《哈姆雷特》，《李尔王》，《麦克白》和《奥赛罗》。
11.Shakespeare has produced two tetralogies of English history plays, and the most discussed
two are Henry IV Part I, and Henry IV Part II.
莎士比亚创作了两部英国历史剧的四部曲，其中讨论最多的是亨利四世第一部和亨利四世第二部。
12.Falstaff was no good companion for Prince Hall, who later became Henry V, a powerful king
of England.
福斯塔夫对于后来成为英格兰强大国王亨利五世的霍尔王子来说并不是良友。
13.Shylock was a Jew and a usurer in The Merchant of Venice, and he tried to take revenge on
the Christians who despised ad ill-treated him.
夏洛克是《威尼斯商人》中的犹太人和高利贷者，他试图报复那些鄙视他的虐待他的基督徒。
14.Iago is the villain in Othello, who set a trap to lead Othello to believe that his wife
Desdemona was unfaithful to him.
伊阿古是《奥赛罗》的反派，他设置了一个陷阱来引导奥赛罗相信他的妻子苔丝狄蒙娜对他不忠。
15.Ariel is a spirit in the dramatic romance The Tempest in which he helped Prospero, the
former duke of Milan to get back the lost power.
（莎士比亚剧本<暴风雨>中的）空气般的精灵Ariel是传奇剧《暴风雨》中一种精神，他帮助米兰前公爵普罗斯佩罗找回了失去的权力。
16.Shakespeare wrote 154sonnets, which can be divided into two groups with 126and 26
sonnets in each group.
莎士比亚写了154首十四行诗，分为两组，每组有126首和26首十四行诗。
17.The Shakespearean sonnet rhymes abab cdcd efef gg, and the last two lines are used as a
conclusion to sum up the message of the poem.
莎士比亚的十四行诗的押韵abab cdcd efef gg，最后两行作为总结诗歌信息的结论。P165
1.The two well-known newspapers run by Steele and Addison are The spectator and The tatler.
由斯蒂尔和爱迪生经营的两大著名报纸是《旁观者》《爱说三道四的人》。
2．Pope wrote a poem about literary principles in the form of heroic couplet which is entitled An Essay on Criticism.
蒲伯写了一首英雄偶句形式的文学原则，书名为《批评论》。
3．Samuel Johnson was prejudiced against Milton, whereas Joseph Addison wrote 18 critical essays to praise this great English poet.
塞缪尔.约翰逊对弥尔顿有偏见，而约翰.爱迪生写了18篇关键性的文章区赞美这个伟大的英国诗人。
4.Gulliver’s Travels consists of four books too tell separately Gulliver’s adventures in Lilliput, Brobdingnag, Flying Island, the country of the horses.
格列佛游记还有四本书组成，分别告诉我们格列佛在小人国、大人国、飞岛和马国的冒险历程。
5. Johnson took 7 years to compile A Dictionary of the English Language, and he ran a journal called Rambler.
约翰逊花了7年的时间去编译了《英语大字典》，并且经营了一个《漫步者》的杂志。
6. Pope solved his financial problem with the money he got from translating Homer, and Richardson became the first English writer who did not depend on writing for a living.
蒲伯通过翻译《荷马史诗》来解决他的财务问题，理查德森成为第一个不依赖写作谋生的英国诗人。
7. Name two English female novelists during the first flowering of the novel in England (Frances Burney, Sarah Fielding)
写出两个在第一次英国小说繁荣时期的女作家：弗朗西丝.伯尼和萨拉.菲尔。
8.Robert Burns is most well-known for his poems written in Scottish dialect and William Black took engraving as his occupation.
罗伯特.伯恩斯最著名的诗是用苏格兰方言写的并且威廉.布莱克把雕刻作为他的职业。
P97 Quiz
1.Who was the leader of the Puritan Revolution of England?
谁是英格兰清教徒革命的领导人？
答案：B Oliver Cromwell 奥利弗.克伦威尔
2.Who was executed as the enemy of the English people after the victory of the Bourgeois
Revolution?
英国资产阶级革命胜利后被英国人视为敌人处死的是谁？
答案：D Charles I 查尔斯一世
3.The Glorious Revolution took place in the year of________?
光荣革命发生在_________?
答案：B 1688
4.The Bible was translated under the reign of_____ and published in__________.
圣经是在哪个国王的统治时期被翻译的？出版时间？
答案：A King James I, 1611 詹姆斯一世，1611年·
5.In the early 17th century there was a group of court poets represented by John Suckling,
Robert Herrick, etc. who were called__________
在17世纪早期，有一群由约翰.萨克林和罗伯特.赫里克等代表的诗人，他们被称为骑士派诗人
答案：B cavalier poets 骑士派诗人
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fe7344205.html,ton’s poem Lycidas is a(n)__elegy______ and his paradise lost is written in_(_blank
verse___)_____.
弥尔顿的诗“黎西达斯”是一首挽歌，他的失乐园是无韵诗。
答案：elegy; blank verse
7.Metaphysical poets are noted for their used of __conceits________
玄学派诗人以他们的自负二闻名。
答案：B conceits
8．In the Restoration period, drama revived mainly because_________.
A.Charles II and his court brought back with them a taste for drama.
在复辟时期，戏剧复兴主要是因为查尔斯二世和他的法庭将对戏剧的兴趣重新带回来了。
9．Restoration plays have a significance in the history of English literature because (A. they anticipate the plays of social manners by later dramatists like Sheridan and Goldsmith.)
王朝复辟时期戏剧在英国文学史上有着重要意义，因为他们后期的剧作家例如Sheridan和Goldsmith可以通过戏剧预料社会习俗。
10. William Congreve chose to write his comedies on subjects of (A. family and social pressures on youn g people’s free choice in love and marriage)
威廉康格里夫选择写他的喜剧主要以肩负着家庭和社会压力的年轻人在爱情和婚姻中的选择为主题。
11. Of the four speakers in hi s Of Dramatick Poesie John Dryden speaks through the character called (D. Neander) 译者无能为力，请见谅！！！！！！！！！！！！
12．Besides heroic plays, Dryden also produced (A.tragi-comedies) such as Secret Love and Marriage a-la-mode.
除了英雄剧之外，屈莱顿还创作出有悲喜剧例如《神秘爱情》和《时髦的婚姻》。
13. In religion John Bunyan was a (B. Puritan disenter).
在宗教中约翰.班扬是一个清教徒反对者。
14. The Pilgrim’s Progress is an allegory.
天路历程是一部寓言故事。
15. Before Dryden and Bunyan, the English prose mainly followed the French and Latin styles.
在屈莱顿和班扬之前，英语散文主要遵循法国和拉丁语风格。
P215
1.The two poets who won the title of the poet laureate are Wordsworth
and Southey.
获得桂冠诗人头衔的两位诗人是华兹华斯和索锡（骚塞）
2.When composing poems for Lyrical ballads, Coleridge was given the
task of writing about the supernatural and romantic.
在为抒情诗集创作诗歌时，柯尔律治的目的是表现超自然的、浪漫的内容。
3.Wordsworth does not emphasise the importance of the right poetic
form in poetry composition.
华兹华斯没有强调正确的诗歌形式在诗歌创作中的重要性。
4.Prometheus Unbound is a(n) lyrical drama by Shelley.
《解缚的普罗米修斯》是雪莱创作的抒情戏剧。
5.After the massacre in St. Peter’s Field near Manchester, Shelley wrote
“Song to the Men of England”.
在曼彻斯特附近的圣彼得广场发生大屠杀之后，雪莱写了《给英格兰人民的歌》。
6.King Richard the Lion Heart and Robin Hood both appear in Scott’s
novel Ivanhoe.
狮心王理查和罗宾汉都出现在司各特的小说《艾凡赫》中。
7.Of the following four novels by Austen Pride and Prejudice is the most
popular and dramatic one.
在以下四部奥斯汀的小说中，《傲慢与偏见》是最受欢最引人注目的。
8.Which of the following poems was written by Scott?
The Lady of the Lake.
——以下哪部作品是司各特写的？
——《湖上夫人》
9.The Lord of the Isles is a poem that tells the glorious victory of the
battle at Bannockburn led by the Scottish national hero Robert Bruce.
《岛屿的领主》是一首讲述苏格兰民族英雄罗伯特?布鲁斯领导的班诺克本战役光荣胜利的诗。
10.S helley was influenced by Utopian ideal of William Godwin.
雪莱受到威廉?戈德温的乌托邦理想的影响。
P462
1.In Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, the pilgrims set out to Canterbury to
pay tribute to Thomas Becket.
在乔叟的《坎特伯雷故事集》中朝圣者们前往坎特伯雷向托马斯?贝克特朝贡。
2.In The Faerie Queene, Edmund Spenser eulogised knightly virtues in a
special metrical scheme later called “Spenserian stanza”
在《仙后》中，艾德蒙?斯宾塞用了一种特殊的格律颂扬了骑士的美德，后来这种格律被称作“斯宾塞诗体”
3.Which of the following is NOT Shakespeare’s play?
Edward the Second.
——以下哪一部不是莎士比亚的戏剧？
——爱德华二世。
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fe7344205.html,ton’s Paradise Lost was inspired by Cromwell’s Puritan revolution.
弥尔顿的《失乐园》是受克伦威尔的清教革命启发而创作的。5.Which episode in Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels satirises
pedantry?
that of Laputa
——在乔纳森?斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》中，哪一段情节是用来讽刺迂腐的？
——拉普他岛的那一段
6.Henry Fielding’s Joseph Andrews is initially meant to be a deliberate
parody of Richardson’s Pamela.
亨利?菲尔丁的《约瑟夫?安德鲁斯》起初是刻意模仿理查森的《帕梅拉》。
7.Wordsworth and Coleridge co-authored the Lyrical Ballads, Often
considered the manifesto of Romanticism.
华兹华斯和柯尔律治共同创作了《抒情诗集》，经常被认为是浪漫主义的宣言。
8.The title of William Thackeray’s novel, Vanity Fair, is taken from
Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress.
.威廉·萨克雷的小说《名利场》的标题取自班扬的《朝圣者的进步》。
9.Alfred Tennyson’s The Idylls of the King draws on Arthurian tales.
阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生的《国王的田园诗》借鉴了亚瑟王的故事。
10.M any of Arnold Bennett’s novels are set in the Five Towns, also
known as the Potteries, where pots, cups, and saucers have been
made for over two centuries.
阿诺德·本内特的小说中的许多小说都设定在五大城市，也就是所谓的陶器场，在那里有两百多年前制造的盆，茶杯和碟子。
最新简明英国文学史-简答题-重点
1. Analyse the themes and artistic features of Beowulf. themes : The main theme of Beowulf is heroism. This involves far more than physical courage. It also means that the warrior must fulfill his obligations to the group of which he is a key member. artistic features : The most noticeable artistic feature is alliteration. Alliteration is the repetition of initial sounds, usually consonants, or consonant clusters. Alliteration is used off and on in modern poetry but it is an important device in Anglo-Saxon poetry. Another peculiar feature characteristic is the frequent use of kennings, to poetically present the meaning of one single word through a compound simile of two elements. Finally, the general mood and spirit of Anglo-Saxon epic poetry is both solemn and animated. 2. Comment on Chaucer’s achievements and contributions with examples from his works. Chaucer learned from both French and Latin poetry and then worked out a unique style for the English poetry. The realism and humanistic concerns demonstrated in his works looked forward to the coming English Renaissance. Because he uses the English of the London dialect to compose poetry, it becomes a literary language, which is a language rich and expressive enough to use for literary purposes. We call the English used and developed by Chaucer and his
英国文学史作品作者
Geoffrey Chaucer: the legend of good women 良妇传说the house of fame 名誉堂 the parliament of fowls 百鸟会Troilus and Cressie 特罗勒斯与克莱西 the Canterbury tales 坎特伯雷故事集 Thomas More Utopia Edmund Spenser the fairy queen William Shakespeare four great tragedies: Hamlet Othello king Lear Macbeth Four great comedies: the merchant of Venice a midsummer night’s dream twelfth night 第十二夜as you like it 皆大欢喜 Francis Bacon the advancement of learning 学术的进展the Novum Organum 求学之新器the De Augmentis 新工具essays 随笔Maxims of the Law 法律准则 Reading on the Stature of Uses 谈使用法则Of Studies 论读书 John Donne the flea 跳蚤 John Milton paradise lost 失乐园 John Bunyan the pilgrim’s progress 天路历程 John Dryden all for love an essay of dramatic poesy Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe 鲁宾逊漂流记 Jonathan swift a tale of a tub 木桶的故事the battle of books 书战 a modest proposal 一个小小的建议Gulliver’s travels 格列佛游记 William Blake poetical sketches 诗歌札记songs of innocence 天真之歌 Songs of experience 经验之歌prophecies 预言the lamb the chimney sweeper The marriage of heaven and hell 天堂与地狱的婚姻 Robert burns a red red rose auld Lang Syne 友谊地久天长 William Wordsworth lines composed a few miles above tinterm abbey 丁登寺 The prelude 序曲the excursion 漫游sonnets 十四行诗 I wandered lonely as a cloud composed upon Westminster bridge She dwelt among the untrodden ways 她在人迹罕至的路边 The solitary reaper 孤独的割麦女 Samuel Taylor Coleridge the rime of the ancient mariner 古舟子咏 Christabel 克里斯塔贝尔Kubla khan 忽必烈汗 George Gordon Byron childe Harold’s pilgrimage 恰尔德哈罗德游记Cain 该隐 Don Juan 唐璜she walks in beauty when a man hath no freedom to fight for at home Percy Bysshe Shelley queen Mab 麦布女王the Cenci 钦契Prometheus unbound 解放了的普罗米修斯ode to the west wind in defense of poetry 诗辩 John Keats on first looking into Champman’s homer 初读查普曼译荷马史诗 Endymion 恩底弥翁ode to a nightingale ode to a Grecian um 希腊古瓮颂 Lamia, Isabella, the eve of st. Agnes, and other poems 女妖、伊莎贝尔、圣爱尼节前夜及其他Jane Austen sense and sensibility 理智与情感pride and prejudice 傲慢与偏见persuasion 劝导Emma 艾玛Mansfield park 曼斯菲尔德庄园Northanger abbey 诺桑觉寺 Charles Dickens sketches by boz 博兹札记Pickwick papers 匹克威克外传Oliver twist 奥利弗退斯特Nicholas nickleby 尼古拉斯尼克贝old curiosity shop 老古玩店 Bamaby rudge 巴纳比拉奇American notes 旅美札记martin chuzzlewit 马丁朱兹尔维特A Christmas carol 圣诞颂歌the chimes 钟声the cricked 炉边的蟋蟀dombey and son 董贝父子David Copperfield 大卫科波菲尔bleak house 荒凉山庄hard times 艰难时世Little dorrit 小杜丽 a tale of two cities 双城记great expectations 远大前程
英国文学史及选读__期末试题及答案
考试课程：英国文学史及选读考核类型：A 卷 考试方式：闭卷出卷教师: XXX 考试专业：英语考试班级：英语xx班 I.Multiple choice (30 points, 1 point for each) select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1._____，a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest B.The trochee C.The iamb D.The dactyl 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7.“O prince, O chief of my throned powers, /That led th’ embattled seraphim to war/Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds/Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual king”In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise Los t, the phrase“thy conduct”refers to _____conduct. A.God’s B.Satan’s C.Adam’s D.Eve’s
(完整)最全面英国文学史知识点总结,推荐文档
英国文学史 I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages
英国文学史及选读 复习要点总结
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements （此处可能会有填空，选择等小题） 2. Romance （名词解释） 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’s story 4. Ballad（名词解释） 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet) 7. Heroic couplet (名词解释)8. Renaissance（名词解释）9.Thomas More——Utopia 10. Sonnet（名词解释）11. Blank verse（名词解释）12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies”（推荐阅读，学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照，本文用词正式优雅，多排比句和长句，语言造诣非常高，里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一读） 14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要，此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了，这些剧的主题，背景，情节，人物形象都要熟悉，当然他最重要的是Hamlet这是肯定的。他的sonnet也很重要，最重要属sonnet18。（其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读） 15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要，特别是Paradise Lost和Samson Agonistes。对于Paradise Lost需要知道它是blank verse写成的，故事情节来自Old Testament，另外要知道此书theme和Satan的形象。 16. John Bunyan——The Pilgrim’s Progress 17. Founder of the Metaphysical school——John Donne; features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images. 18. Enlightenment（名词解释） 19. Neoclassicism（名词解释） 20. Richard Steele——“The Tatler” 21. Joseph Addison——“The Spectator”这个比上面那个要重要，注意这个报纸和我们今天的报纸不一样，它虚构了一系列的人物，以这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文，这一部分要仔细读。 22. Steel’s and Addison’s styles and their contributions 23. Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Dunciad”; his workmanship (features) and limitations 24. Jonathan Swift: “Gulliver’s Travels”此书非常重要，要知道具体内容，就是Gulliver游历过的四个地方的英文名称，和每个部分具体的讽刺对象; （我们主要讲了三个地方）“A Modest Proposal”比较重要，要注意作者用的irony 也就是反讽手法。 25. The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature. 26. Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 当然是Robinson Crusoe比较重要，剧情要清楚，Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主义的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是forerunner of English realistic novel。 27. Samuel Richardson——“Pamela” (first epistolary novel), “Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison” 28. Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones”第一个和第三个比较重要，需要仔细看。他是一个比较重要的作家，另外Fielding也被称为father of the English novel. 29. Laurence Sterne——“Tristram Shandy”项狄传 30. Richard Sheridan——“The School for Scandal” 31. Oliver Goldsmith——“The Traveller”(poem), “The Deserted V illage” (poem) (both two poems were written by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield” (novel), “The Good-Natured Man” (comedy), “She stoops to Conquer” (comedy),
2014-2015英国文学史及选读期末试题B
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刘意青《简明英国文学史》配套题库【课后习题】(维多利亚时期小说家)【圣才出品】
第15章维多利亚时期小说家 1. Choose to discuss one of Dicken s’ novels. Key: A Tale of Two Cities is a novel telling about individual destinies in a gigantic and turbulent social change like the French Revolution. The two cities referred in the title are Paris and London and the main characters shuttle between the two cities with the former as the center of all conflicts and dangers whereas the latter as the stronghold of safety and the final retreat of the victims of revolution. Unlike his other novels, this one adopts the basic tone of a romantic tale. This novel has always been well received mostly for its thrilling story and the dramatic depiction of characters. It is also good material for films and TV shows. In it we see clearly Dickens’ profound sympathy for the exploited and oppressed French peasant class and the persecuted Doctor Manette. Besides the horrible rape and killing and the kidnapping of the innocent doctor to bury his whole life in prison, Dickens’ strong accusation of the dissipated and cruel French aristocratic class is also shown in the famous e pisode of the marquis’ carriage dashing through the small town and running over a poor child. Without even stopping, he throws a handful of coins out of the carriage and then orders the carriage to dash ahead, leaving the poor father howling with the dead boy in his arms.
(完整word版)吴伟仁--英国文学史及选读--名词解释
①Beowulf: The national heroic epic of the English people. It has over 3,000 lines. It describes the battles between the two monsters and Beowulf, who won the battle finally and dead for the fatal wound. The poem ends with the funeral of the hero. The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use if alliteration. Other features of it are the use of metaphors(暗喻) and of understatements(含蓄). ②Alliteration: In alliterative verse, certain accented(重音) words in a line begin with the same consonant sound(辅音). There are generally 4accents in a line, 3 of which show alliteration, as can be seen from the above quotation. ③Romance: The most prevailing(流行的) kind of literature in feudal England was the Romance. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse(诗篇), sometimes in prose(散文), describing the life and adventures of a noble hero, usually a knight, as riding forth to seek adventures, taking part in tournament(竞赛), or fighting for his lord in battle and the swearing of oaths. ④Epic: An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significantly to a culture or nation. The first epics are known as primacy, or original epics. ⑤Ballad: The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad which is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas(诗节), with the second and fourth lines rhymed. The subjects of ballads are various in kind, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal-minded families, the conflict between love and wealth, the cruelty of jealousy, the criticism of the civil war, and the matters and class struggle. The paramount(卓越的) important ballad is Robin Hood(《绿林好汉》). ⑥Geoffrey Chaucer杰弗里.乔叟: He was an English author, poet, philosopher and diplomat. He is the founder of English poetry. He obtained a good knowledge of Latin, French and Italian. His best remembered narrative is the Canterbury Tales(《坎特伯雷故事集》), which the Prologue(序言) supplies a miniature(缩影) of the English society of Chaucer’s time. That is why Chaucer has been called “the founder of English realism”. Chaucer affirms men and women’s right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes(反对) the dogma of asceticism(禁欲主义) preached(鼓吹) by the church. As a forerunner of humanism, he praises man’s energy, intellect, quick wit and love of life. Chaucer’s contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact that he introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic(抑扬格) meter(the “heroic couplet”) to English poetry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse. ⑦【William Langland威廉.朗兰: Piers the Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》】
简明英国文学史
简明英国文学史 A Brief History of English Literature Part I Old and Middle English Periods (450-1066) Chapter 1 Old English Period and Beowulf Historical situation Britons, a branch of Celts, came to the Isles in BC400 to BC300, at the early stage of the Iron Age Julius Caesar of the Roman Empire defeated the Celts and ruled there from BC55 to AD 407 The Roman Empire declined, the Teutonic or Germanic tribes of Angles, Saxons and Jutes moved to live in the British Isles in about AD450 They drove the Celts to Wales, Scotland and Ireland, the English language has gradually changed, Old Anglo-Saxon. 8 to 11 Century, Danes from Scandinavia came to the Isles Norman Conquest 1066, it influenced the evolution of the English language, life style and culture. Religion Christianity Part II English Renaissance and Shakespeare (1485-1616) Chapter 3 The English Renaissance Literature
刘意青《简明英国文学史》课后习题详解(20世纪中期英国文学 战后文学)【圣才出品】
第24章战后文学 1.What is Graham Greene’s understanding of sin and sinner?How does this understanding express itself in his major novels? Key:In Greene’s understanding,only with a full recognition of our own as well as other people’s evil can we really understand life and God’s grace.Indeed,in many of his novels,Greene seems to be confirming the Christian idea that a morally imperfect man may enjoy a better chance of religious understanding and spiritual depth,since,in a way,the struggles of these tainted souls bear a closer resemblance to the passion of Christ. For example,in his novel The Power and The Glory,Greene’s Christian understanding of human failings and religious passion are translated into the unconventional image of the priest in this novel.Contrasting to the whiskey priest’s imperfect character was the hagiographical stories that a Mexican mother read to her son.The sentimental perfection of these saints’lives had a negative effect upon the boy,religion-wise,which made him help the Lieutenant in his hunt for the priest.It was the death of the priest,a not so impeccable sacrifice that restored the boy’s faith in God. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fe7344205.html,pare the three major women novelists of postwar English Literature, Murdoch,Spark,and Lessing. Key:Owing to her education in philosophy,Murdoch’s novels exhibit an intense
英国文学史及选读2017期末复习名词解释中英
名词解释 ENGLISH LITERATURE--DEFINITION OF TERMS 1 were passed down from generation to generation. 3) Robin Hood is a famous ballad singing the goods of Robin Hood. Coleridge’s The Rime of the Ancient Mariner is a 19th century English ballad. 2Critical Realism of the 19th century flourished in the forties and in the beginning of fifties.2)The realists first and foremost set themselves the task of criticizing capitalist society from a democratic viewpoint and delineated the crying contradictions of bourgeois reality. But they did not find a way to eradicate social evils.3) Charles Dickens is the most important critical realist. 3With the advent of the 18th century, in England, as in other European countries, there sprang into life a public movement known as the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment on the whole, was an expression of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeois against feudalism. The social inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. They attempted to place all branches of science at the service of mankind by connecting them with the actual deeds and requirements of the people. 启蒙主义：启蒙主义是在18世纪在英国发生的。总体上，启蒙主义是当时的资产阶级对封建主义，社会的不平等、死寂、偏见和其他的封建残余的一种反对。通过将科学的各个分支与人民的日常生活和需要联系起来，启蒙主义者们努力将他们变成为人民大众服务的工具 4-of-Consciousness” or “interior monologue”, is one of the modern literary techniques. It is the style of writing that attempts to imitate the natural flow of a character’s thoughts, feelings, reflections, memories, and mental images as the character experiences them. It was first used in 1922 by the Irish novelist James Joyce. Those novels broke through the bounds of time and space, and depicted vividly and skillfully the unconscious activity of the mind fast changing and flowing incessantly, particularly the hesitant, misted, distracted and illusory psychology people had when they faced reality. The modern American writer William Faulkner successfully advanced this technique. In his stories, action and plots were less important than the reactions and inner musings of the narrators. Time sequences were often dislocated. The reader feels himself to be a participant in the stories, rather than an observer. A high degree of emotion can be achieved by this technique.
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