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关于虚拟语气的知识点整理

虚拟语气的重点是：

1．一些常见的虚拟语气的句型或结构。

2．虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式。

3．主从句表示不同的时间概念、事实或假设情况，从而交错成为复合虚拟语气。

4．含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气的表示愿望的虚拟形式。

上述四个要点往往在完形填空或者阅读理解里面存在，尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道直接考这方面的知识的题目，而在阅读理解里，我们掌握上述四个重点对于我们理解文章的大意和作者态度很有帮助，了解哪些观点是作者假设的、虚拟的，哪些是真实的，这样对于我们回答关于作者态度观点题很有帮助。

下面我们将主要从上述四个方面来重点论述在考试中应该注意的问题。

一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型

（1）由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气

A．用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。

B．用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。

C．wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。

The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it.

---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.”

---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.”

I wish that he weren’t so lazy.

(2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。

His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later.

(3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如：

I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。

I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。

I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。

（4）I t’s (high, about) time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。

It’s time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown.

It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了。

（5）as, 或者whether…or…谓语多用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法通常采用倒装结构：Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamivc, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.

The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.

（6）由连接词in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might, would)+动词原形，例如：

She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。

The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.

(7) if it were not for…与现在事实相反，if it had not been for与过去事实相反，两个都相当于but for：

If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded.

(8) 虚拟语气用于as if（though）引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语从句的形式相同。例如：She often laughs spontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.她常常发出发自内心的微笑，而且她那美好的情绪像天上一道明亮的阳光一样，常常流露出来。

They talked as if they had been friends for years.他们交谈着，就好像他们是我年的老朋友一样。

She looks as if she would cry.她看起来好像要哭了。

(9)其它各种句型, as though, suppose, had rather, supposing, if only等等

If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry.

二、特殊形式的虚拟语气

虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，其虚拟语气的构成往往是由should(可省略)+动词原形that从句。

A、用于表示意愿、建议、命令、提议、请求等动词后的that宾语从句中，这类动词有：

ask要求advise建议arrange安排beg请求

command命令decide决定demand要求desire渴望

determine决定insist坚持intend打算maintain坚持主张

move建议，动员propose提议object反对order命令

prefer建议require 需要request要求resolve下决心

recommend推荐suggest建议stipulate约定，规定urge强调，促进

vote公认，提议decree颁布（法令）pray请求

注意：这类动词后面除了可接that虚拟句以外，也可以接doing或者to do…来表达，一般情况下，意思没有什么差别。

She advised that we should keep the gate locked.（书面体）

She advised us to keep the gate locked.（口语）

She advised keeping the gate locked.(较随便)

B、用于It is+形容词或过去分词+主语从句中，这类形容词或分词有：

advisable合理的decided决定的crucial关键的appropriate恰当的

determined决定的commanded命令的arranged安排的essential紧要的，基本的

complied遵照anxious焦急的imperative迫切的important重要的

desirable合意的better较好的，更好insistent坚持的desired想要

asked请求keen渴望的incredible难以置信的adamant坚定不移的

natural自然的insisted坚持necessary必要的suggested建议

urgent紧迫的ordered命令shocked震惊的vital极其重要的

possible可能的strange 奇怪的preferable （好一点）proposed提议

requested要求的required要求的recommended推荐resolved决定的

probable（可能的）pity可惜，憾事shame遗憾

注意：这类形容词后面除了可接that虚拟句以外，也可以for…to do…

来表达，一般情况下，意思没有什么差别。

It is essential that he should be prepared for this.

It is essential for him to be prepared for this.

C．用于由表示建议、要求、命令、请示等含义的名词引导的表语从句和同位语从句中，这类名词常见的有：

advice忠告decision决定demand要求desire要求、愿望

insistence坚持motion提议necessity必要性order命令

preference偏爱proposal提议pray恳求recommendation推荐

request要求requirement要求resolution决心suggestion劝告、忠告

例如：

This is their resolution that extra-curriculum activities be made part of their school life.这是他们的决议：要使得课外活动成为他们学校生活的一部分。

The motion that the remark of the last speaker be expunged from the record.该提议要求把最后一个发言的人的讲话从记录上除掉。

三、混合虚拟语气

有时主句和从句的谓语动词指不同的时间，这时需要用混合虚拟语气。一般来说，在这种情况下，主从句谓语动词指代的时间不同，所以我们又可以错综时间条件句，在这种虚拟情况，动词形式应根据实际情况灵活使用，在做这些题目时候尤其要注意每道题目的提示语：时间状语。绝大多数情况下，从句或者主句都有相关的时间状语，这是我解题的关键。

If you that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be so sleepy.

A. haven’t watched

B. didn’t watch

C. hadn’t watched

D. wouldn’t have watched 答案选C。

Many dead would now be alive if they have not attempted to return for something.

Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now.

混合虚拟语气还有一种情况就是事实和虚拟假设的混合句，这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不同，而重要是事实和假设的混合。

I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.

该句前半部分是假设虚拟，而后半部分是事实的陈述。

Y our math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.

该句前半句用的是假设虚拟，后半句主句也用的是假设虚拟（如果你去并且解释的话），但是后半句的从句用的是事实语气，因为“父母病了”是客观事实，故不需要用虚拟形式had been。

四、含蓄虚拟条件句

含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：

（1）介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。

the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there had n’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.

A. In spite of

B. But for

C. Because of

D. As for 答案选B。

But that she was afraid, she would have said no.

(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。

She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wanted.

If only I had more money, I could buy a car.

(注：lest, for fear that 和in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如：

The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。

Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。

（3）通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。

I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake.

A. were sleeping

B. would be sleeping

C. had been sleeping

D. would sleep选择B。

(4)形容词及其比较级

A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes.

A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done.

(5)分词短语

Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident.

Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father.

(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。

I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time.

To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman.

She would be stupid not to accept his invitation.

It would be easier to do it this way.

(7)名词短语和名词+and结构

A judicious man would not have committed suicide.

A diligent student would have worked harder.

(8)独立主格结构

All things considered, the price would be reasonable.

(9)定语从句

Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same.

A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight.

(10）情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气：

I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t.

The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke.

(11)动词原形表示虚拟

动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。

God bless you!

All magnets behave the same, be they large or small.

She’ll be s ixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come).

If that be so, we shall take action at once.

高中英语语法虚拟语气教学设计

高中英语语法虚拟语气教学设计集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]

高中英语语法虚拟语气教学：The subjunctive mood 厦门第十中学吕瑞珠一、概述本节课是高中英语语法教学课，授课内容为虚拟语气，授课对象是高三年学生。从呈现、加深记忆、巩固到实践并将语言项目运用于写作中并做适当的点评，大概需要两课时。但我这里着重阐述的是第一课时的教学内容、教学策略等。通过本节语法教学课的学习，学生重新整合自己的有关虚拟语气的知识，复习已知的虚拟语气的表达形式如：I wish I could fly freely in the sky like a bird; It is high that you got up.等等，并学习新的表达形式如：The English teacher suggested that we should read the English newspaper every day; I would have passed the English exam if I had worker harder in the past 20 days.最为重要的是，学生在学习完虚拟语气的表达形式后，要在写作中运用。虚拟语气在高中英语语法的难点之一，多数学生感到费解，因此也更需要老师的指导与相应的实践与运用，并且较好地掌握虚拟语气的表达形式，有助于扫除学生阅读过程中对个别句子的理解。二、教学目标分析 1．知识与技能 1）复习学生已掌握的虚拟语气表达的句型： I wish I were… / I could … It is high time that you did your homework.. If I were you, I would… 2) 学习虚拟语气新的表达方式，尤其是if引导的虚拟条件状语从句，掌握与现在事实、与过去事实、与将来事实相反的三种虚拟语气的表达，特别是主句与从句时态的呈现；还有引导出的宾语从句需要运用虚拟语气的动词，如suggest, insist, propose, demand and so on. 3）培养学生运用所学知识表达自己的思想的能力。 2．过程与方法 1）引导学生在欣赏英文歌曲An Angel的情景教学过程中，开启对虚拟语气表达已有的知识记忆。

虚拟语气知识点总结和练习

虚拟语气语法总结虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句，表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气，愿望以及建议，命令，要求等等的情感，往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后，有可能出现的情况。虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块 1.虚拟条件句第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面：基本用法，各自为政，以及含蓄之美。下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法：通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。如何“各自为政”呢？这就像是数学里的排列组合，一边有三种情况，交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。不管怎样，我们要遵循一个原则，就是“各自为政”。例如，从句是对过去情况的假设，而主句则是对现在情况的假设，那我们在使用时，从句就用过去完成式，而主句要用would/could do的形式。当然，也不是所有的AB配就是合理的，有时候在具体语境下，会出现矛盾的情况，这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设，选择合适的形式。一般而言，主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。因此在此类的完成句子练习中，我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示 1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设)

英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例： If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注：虚拟语气，条件状从倒装状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如：If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world shou ld come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及，publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.（表示可能性小）

高三年级英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 ①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。否定句时not留在原来位置不变。如： If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars)

高中英语语法(虚拟语气)

Unit13虚拟语气专题讲解【知识要点】语气（mood）是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。英语有三种语气：＊直陈语气（indicative mood）---- 事实 France lies to the east of England. ＊祈使语气（imperative mood）---- 请求、命令 Make yourself at home. ＊虚拟语气（subjunctive mood） If there were no air and water , we should not be able to live on the earth. 虚拟语气表示说话人的一种主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件而不一定是事实，或与事实相反。一. 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法假设类型条件从句谓语动词形式主语谓语动词形式与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was) should/ would /could/ might+动词原形与过去事实相反had + 过去分词 should/ would/could /might + have+过去分词与将来事实相反1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to+动词原形 should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形 1. 在错综条件句子中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据所指的时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。 1）If I were you，I wouldn't have missed the film last night． 2）If he had followed the doctor's advice，he would recover already．（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） 2、在if虚拟条件句中，有时可把连词省去，采用倒装语序把谓语动词were或助动词did，had，should 移到句首构成非真实条件从句的另一种句型，其意思不变。 1）Had we time to spare，we would be glad to go to the park． 2）Were it not for the discovery of electricity，the modern world would experience great inconvenience． 3、有时假设的情况不用if引导虚拟条件从句来表述，而用介词（如without， but for等）引出的短语、分词（如supposing等）引出的短语、并列连词（如or，otherwise，but，though等）、由动词suppose引出的祈使句或通过上下文的意思来表达。此时句中谓语动词仍采用虚拟语气的相应形式。 1）But for your advice，I would not be able to do this work． 2）Victor obviously doesn't know what's happened，otherwise he wouldn't have made such a stupid remark．。

【英语】虚拟语气知识点总结和题型总结

【英语】虚拟语气知识点总结和题型总结一、初中英语虚拟语气 1． If I _______ you , I _______ do that . A．was , would B．were ; wouldn’t C．am , won’t D．were , won’t 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我不会那样做。本句是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句谓语用动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）；主句用should （would,could,might）+ 动词原形。故选D。考点：虚拟条件句。 2．If I _______ you, I would say another student could do it better. A．was B．were C．were D．are 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】句意：如果我是你，我会说另一个学生可以把它做得更好。考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知“现在事实”相反，此句是虚拟语气，be动词使用were；故选A。 3． If I ______ you, I _____the job. A．was; will take B．was; would take C．were; would take D．were; will take 【答案】 C 【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我就要这份工作。If引导的句子是愿望时，用过去式表示，而且系动词用were,主句用would加原形。故选C。考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。 4．If I ______ you, I ______invite him to go to see a movie. A．am;would B．were;will C．were;would D．was;will 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会邀请他去看电影。go to see a movie去看电影；invite sb to do邀请某人做某事；在表达与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，Be用were,主句用would。考点：考查虚拟语气。 5．— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars? — I would give it to charity.

虚拟语气表格总结版

虚拟语气一、虚拟语气用于非真实条件句（一）形式 I.动词的语气简介：语气——表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一种语法范畴。在英语中，可用不同的动词形式表示说话的语气。 ?虚拟语气——与事实相反，表达的是怀疑、忧虑推测、祝愿等。 II.虚拟语气的运用一、在if条件从句中的运用（一）表格及注意事项 ?注： ? 1. 目前，虚拟语气的were除了在If I were you 的结构中不能改动外，其他有些情况可以用was。 ? 2. 如果表示否定的意思，多用过去时结构，用should和were to较少。

（二）、虚拟条件句中的省略和倒装若符合下列条件，可以省略if: ? 1.必须是非真实条件句，并且有时，才可以省略if. ? 2.省略if时，主语与的位置必须相互调换。例：（1）万一我见到她，我会告诉她的。 If I should meet her, I would tell her. （2）如果我处在你的位置上，我会做得更好。 If I were in your position, I would do it better. （3）如果他们准备了的话，他们应该能成功的。 If they had made preparations, they would have succeeded. (三)含蓄条件句假设情况不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语，不定式表现出来。如with，without，but，but for，otherwise等。根据句子要表达的事态，选择相应的虚拟语气的形式。 I lost her phone number, otherwise I her up. 我弄丢了她的电话号码，否则我就能打给她了 If I had not lost her phone number… But for your help, I would not have the chance to go to school. 要不是有你的帮助，我不会有机会去学校的。 If you had not helped me… I was away that day, otherwise I ____ the lecture. A.had attended B.would have attended C.would attend D.attended 例:（1）我们在那个小村庄中迷路了，否则昨天我们还能去更多有趣的地方地方。（2）我本来可以帮你的，但是我太忙了。二、用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气（一）在wish引导的宾语从句中，表示未能实现或不可能实现的愿望，用虚拟语气。主句

(完整)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解

高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气 1. 语气的定义和种类（1）语气的定义语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。（2）语气的种类 A. 陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 We are not ready. Did it rain all day yesterday? What a fine day today！ B. 祈使语气表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。 Be careful. Don’t forget to clo se the window. Open the door, please. C. 虚拟语气表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 2. 虚拟语气一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。如： If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。如： If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。（事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。） If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。（事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。） 2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+ have ＋过去分词。如：She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.

大学英语语法-虚拟语气

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关于虚拟语气的知识点整理

关于虚拟语气的知识点整理虚拟语气的重点是： 1．一些常见的虚拟语气的句型或结构。 2．虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式。 3．主从句表示不同的时间概念、事实或假设情况，从而交错成为复合虚拟语气。 4．含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气的表示愿望的虚拟形式。上述四个要点往往在完形填空或者阅读理解里面存在，尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道直接考这方面的知识的题目，而在阅读理解里，我们掌握上述四个重点对于我们理解文章的大意和作者态度很有帮助，了解哪些观点是作者假设的、虚拟的，哪些是真实的，这样对于我们回答关于作者态度观点题很有帮助。下面我们将主要从上述四个方面来重点论述在考试中应该注意的问题。一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型（1）由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 A．用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。 B．用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。 C．wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。 The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it. ---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.” ---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.” I wish that he weren’t so lazy. (2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。 His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later. (3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如： I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。 I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。 I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。（4）I t’s (high, about) time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。 It’s time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown. It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了。（5）as, 或者whether…or…谓语多用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法通常采用倒装结构：Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamivc, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on. The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly. （6）由连接词in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might, would)+动词原形，例如： She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。 The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself. (7) if it were not for…与现在事实相反，if it had not been for与过去事实相反，两个都相当于but for： If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded.

高考英语语法难点：虚拟语气

虚拟语气(the subjunctive mood,又称假设语气,是谓语动词的一种形式,表示说话人叙述的内容与事实相反,在现实中并不存在,或实现的可能性很小。一、动词的语气语气用来区别讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。英语中的语气(mood有三种,分别是陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 1.陈述语气陈述语气一般用来叙述事实或就事实提出询问,主要用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 Where there is a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。 Can you help me carry the box upstairs 你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗? How I missed the life in the countryside! 我多么想念乡村的生活啊! 2.祈使语气祈使语气表示说话人向对方提出请求或下达命令。 Come this way,please! 请这边走。 Don't make any noise, will you 别吵,行吗? Do be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。 3.虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。 I wish it were spring all the year round. 但愿四季如春。 May good luck be yours! 祝你好运! 二、条件句中的虚拟语气英语中条件从句有两类,一类是真实条件句,另一类是非真实条件句。如果假设的情况可能发生,是真实条件句;如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。 A.真实条件句真实条件句表示的假设是可能发生或实现的,主句和从句的谓语动词都要用陈述语气。 If he doesn't come at 8, we won't wait for him. 如果他八点不来,我们就不等他了。 If a flood happened in the past, there was usually a great loss of life and property.过去发生洪水的话,常有很大的生命和财产损失。 We shall go there unless it rains tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨,我们将去那里。 I'll let you use my bike on condition that you keep it clean. 如果你能保持车子干净,我就让你用我的自行车。 B.非真实条件句在含有非真实条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语动词都要用虚拟语气,其构成有三种形式: 与现在事实相反if条件句的谓语:were did

高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

虚拟语气在非真实条件句中

①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。如：If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元，你会做什么？ We couldn?t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (=if we

高考英语语法填空之虚拟语气

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英语语法虚拟语气(练习)

虚拟语气一. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目几乎是四、六级必考的内容，也是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚 (win the first prize)的话，我会把奖金送给阿Sam。 If I won/should win/were to win the first prize in the Foshan University Students English Speaking Contest held in May, I would give my reward to Sam. If I win the first …, I will give … 要是我爸是李嘉诚的话，我一定不用为钱发愁。 If my father were Li Jia Cheng, I wouldn’t worry about money. Were my father Li Jia Cheng, I wouldn’t … 要是日本没有发生地震的话，我一定去放炸弹(blast)。 If Japan hadn’t had the earthquake, I would have blasted it. Hadn’t Japan had the earthquake, I … 1

要是将来我有钱了，我一定回来娶你。 If I were rich one day, I would marry you. →Were I rich one day, I … If I should be rich one day, I would marry you. →Should I be rich one day, I … If I were to be rich one day, I would marry you. →Were I to be rich one day, I … (If I am rich one day, I will marry you.) 1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。 1) If places ______ a like, there would be little need for geographers. A. being B. are C. be D. were 2) If I _____ the meaning of the word, I wouldn't have to look it up. A. know B. knew C. known D. knowing 2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。例：1995年6月四级第46题 We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _____ him, A) would have telephoned B) must have telephoned C) would telephone D) had telephoned 3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形。 2

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